CN106635273A - Damp-proof waterproof core-shell structure nano-modified transformer oil containing rubber seed oil and preparation method of transformer oil - Google Patents

Damp-proof waterproof core-shell structure nano-modified transformer oil containing rubber seed oil and preparation method of transformer oil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106635273A
CN106635273A CN201610830574.0A CN201610830574A CN106635273A CN 106635273 A CN106635273 A CN 106635273A CN 201610830574 A CN201610830574 A CN 201610830574A CN 106635273 A CN106635273 A CN 106635273A
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oil
rubber seed
transformer oil
seed oil
nano
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崔应文
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Tongling Rike Electronics Co Ltd
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Tongling Rike Electronics Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
    • C10M2203/1065—Naphthenic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/401—Fatty vegetable or animal oils used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/02—Esters of silicic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions having a silicon-to-carbon bond, e.g. organo-silanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2290/00—Mixtures of base materials or thickeners or additives
    • C10M2290/02—Mineral base oils; Mixtures of fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/055—Particles related characteristics
    • C10N2020/061—Coated particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/26—Waterproofing or water resistance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/14—Electric or magnetic purposes
    • C10N2040/16—Dielectric; Insulating oil or insulators

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses damp-proof waterproof core-shell structure nano-modified transformer oil containing rubber seed oil. The transformer oil is prepared from, by weight, 100-150 parts of naphthenic base oil, 10-15 parts of rubber seed oil, 0.3-0.5 part of methyl trifluoropropyl silicone oil, 0.1-0.15 part of nano-titania, 0.1-0.15 part of styrene-acrylic copolymers, 0.3-0.5 part of 2, 6-butylated hydroxytoluene, 0.1-0.15 part of benzotriazole, 0.1-0.15 part of pentaerythritol oleate, 0.01-0.015 part of ethyl orthosilicate, 0.01-0.015 part of vinyltriethoxysilane and 0.1-0.15 part of polysorbate-80. The transformer oil has the advantages of excellent insulating and cooling performances, stable property, long service life, good damp-proof and waterproof performances and high practicability.

Description

A kind of protection against the tide the is water-fast modified transformer oil of the nuclear shell structure nano containing rubber seed oil and its Preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to transformer oil technical field, more particularly to a kind of water-fast nucleocapsid structure containing rubber seed oil of protection against the tide is received Modified transformer oil of rice and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
As power transformer constantly develops toward the direction of high insulation, Large Copacity and miniaturization, the property of dielectric is lifted Can increasingly be taken seriously.Transformer oil is a kind of light viscosity oil, is that current transformator is exhausted with insulation and the two big functions that radiate Important component part in edge system, its performance plays an important role to the safety and reliability of transformator longtime running.Cause This, the performance for how lifting transformer oil has become one of study hotspot.
Nano modification transformer oil is to be modified the novel transformer oil for obtaining, tool to transformer oil using nano-particle There is the electric property of its high-cooling property and uniqueness, just widely paid close attention to by increasingly.In actual applications, nano-particle is becoming Easily occur to reunite sedimentation and make performance degradation in depressor oil, had a strong impact on the service life of nano modification transformer oil.Document 《Impact of the oleic acid modified to nano titanium oxide dispersibility in transformer oil》Nano titanium oxide is had using Oleic acid Machine surface modification, by the nano-powder ultrasonic disperse after modification nano-titanium dioxide modified transformator is prepared in transformer oil Oil, so that dispersibility and stability of the nano-titania particle in transformer oil is improved.Although this method energy Improve dispersion, stability of the nano-particle in transformer oil, but Oleic acid is the characteristics of have apt to deteriorate in atmosphere, especially It is easily oxidation, decomposition under hot conditionss, is difficult to maintain the steady in a long-term of nano modification transformer oil in actual motion.Cause This, is to maintain nano modification transformer oil performance in actual applications, improves its service life, still needs to improve its life-time service Stability.
The content of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly to make up the defect of prior art, there is provided one kind insulation, heat conductivility are excellent, long-term steady Modified transformer oil of the moistureproof water-fast nuclear shell structure nano containing rubber seed oil of qualitative good, long service life and preparation method thereof.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of protection against the tide the is water-fast modified transformer oil of the nuclear shell structure nano containing rubber seed oil, it is by the raw material system of following weight parts ：
Naphthenic base oils 100-150, rubber seed oil 10-15, methyl trifluoro propyl silicone oil 0.3-0.5, nano titanium oxide 0.1-0.15, copolymer in cinnamic acrylic ester 0.1-0.15,2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol 0.3-0.5, BTA 0.1-0.15, PETO 0.1-0.15, tetraethyl orthosilicate 0.01-0.015, VTES 0.01- 0.015, Tween-80 0.1-0.15.
A kind of preparation method of protection against the tide the is water-fast modified transformer oil of the nuclear shell structure nano containing rubber seed oil, including following step Suddenly：
（1）First nano titanium oxide is compared into 1 by solid-liquid weight:100-1:200 add ultrasonic disperse in dehydrated alcohol uniform, then It is slowly added to tetraethyl orthosilicate and VTES and stirs 0.5-1h to obtain mixed liquor, is finally slowly added dropwise quite In 1/20-1/10 mixeding liquid volumes acetum and in 50-60 DEG C stir 2-4h, after cooling centrifugation and by the solid for obtaining use Absolute ethanol washing for several times, obtains modified Nano grain, and the mass fraction of the acetum is 4-6%；
（2）Rubber seed oil is processed through alkali-refining deacidification, distillation, the deodorize of active hargil adsorption bleaching and obtains treated rubber seed oil, Copolymer in cinnamic acrylic ester, 80-90 DEG C of stirring 1-2h of PETO and Tween-80 are subsequently adding, most Naphthenic base oils, 50-60 DEG C of mixing 0.5-1h of methyl trifluoro propyl silicone oil are added afterwards, and compound oil is obtained after cooling；
（3）By step（1）The modified Nano grain for obtaining adds step（2）Ultrasonic disperse is uniform in the compound oil for obtaining, Ran Houjia Enter 50-60 DEG C of stirring 0.5-1h of remaining raw material, distillation, filtration are refined after cooling, obtain final product the moistureproof water-fast nucleocapsid containing rubber seed oil Structure nano is modified transformer oil.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
The present invention forms polysiloxanes using tetraethyl orthosilicate and VTES hydrolytie polycondensation cladding nanoparticle Coated core-shell structure nanometer grain, the stability with good dispersibility, resistance to ag(e)ing and height can stably be scattered in transformation In device oil, insulation, radiating, the ageing resistance of transformer oil can be effectively lifted, and be not easily susceptible to the shadow of extraneous service condition Ring and rotten, precipitation occurs, affect the performance of transformer oil；Meanwhile, answer using the refine of rubber seed oil and with remaining raw material With with potentiation, so as to get transformer oil both have excellent insulation, heat dispersion, while stable in properties, service life It is long, also with moistureproof water resistance it is good the characteristics of, it is practical.
Specific embodiment
A kind of protection against the tide the is water-fast modified transformer oil of the nuclear shell structure nano containing rubber seed oil, by the component of following weight (kg) Raw material is prepared from：
Naphthenic base oils 100, rubber seed oil 10, methyl trifluoro propyl silicone oil 0.3, nano titanium oxide 0.1, styrene-the third Olefin(e) acid ester copolymer 0.1,2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol 0.3, BTA 0.1, PETO 0.1, positive silicic acid Ethyl ester 0.01, VTES 0.01, Tween-80 0.1.
A kind of preparation method of protection against the tide the is water-fast modified transformer oil of the nuclear shell structure nano containing rubber seed oil, including following step Suddenly：
（1）First nano titanium oxide is compared into 1 by solid-liquid weight:100 add ultrasonic disperse in dehydrated alcohol uniform, then slowly add Enter tetraethyl orthosilicate and VTES and stir 0.5h and obtain mixed liquor, be finally slowly added dropwise mixed equivalent to 1/20 The acetum for closing liquid product simultaneously stirs 2h in 50 DEG C, after cooling centrifugation and by the solid for obtaining with absolute ethanol washing for several times, Modified Nano grain is obtained, the mass fraction of the acetum is 4%；
（2）Rubber seed oil is processed through alkali-refining deacidification, distillation, the deodorize of active hargil adsorption bleaching and obtains treated rubber seed oil, Copolymer in cinnamic acrylic ester, 80 DEG C of stirring 1h of PETO and Tween-80 are subsequently adding, are eventually adding Naphthenic base oils, 50 DEG C of mixing 0.5h of methyl trifluoro propyl silicone oil, obtain compound oil after cooling；
（3）By step（1）The modified Nano grain for obtaining adds step（2）Ultrasonic disperse is uniform in the compound oil for obtaining, Ran Houjia Enter 50 DEG C of stirring 0.5h of remaining raw material, distillation, filtration are refined after cooling, obtain final product the moistureproof water-fast nucleocapsid structure containing rubber seed oil and receive The modified transformer oil of rice.
Wherein naphthenic base oils select 75DN models.
Transformer oil frequency breakdown voltage >=80kV obtained above, remaining index reaches GB2536-2011 standards, 120 DEG C of operation 1000h remain to keep it is stable, without precipitation, meet actually used demand.

Claims (2)

1. the modified transformer oil of the water-fast nuclear shell structure nano containing rubber seed oil of a kind of protection against the tide, it is characterised in that it is by following The raw material of weight portion is obtained：
Naphthenic base oils 100-150, rubber seed oil 10-15, methyl trifluoro propyl silicone oil 0.3-0.5, nano titanium oxide 0.1-0.15, copolymer in cinnamic acrylic ester 0.1-0.15,2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol 0.3-0.5, BTA 0.1-0.15, PETO 0.1-0.15, tetraethyl orthosilicate 0.01-0.015, VTES 0.01- 0.015, Tween-80 0.1-0.15.
2. the system of the modified transformer oil of the water-fast nuclear shell structure nano containing rubber seed oil of a kind of protection against the tide according to claim 1 Preparation Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）First nano titanium oxide is compared into 1 by solid-liquid weight:100-1:200 add ultrasonic disperse in dehydrated alcohol uniform, then It is slowly added to tetraethyl orthosilicate and VTES and stirs 0.5-1h to obtain mixed liquor, is finally slowly added dropwise quite In 1/20-1/10 mixeding liquid volumes acetum and in 50-60 DEG C stir 2-4h, after cooling centrifugation and by the solid for obtaining use Absolute ethanol washing for several times, obtains modified Nano grain, and the mass fraction of the acetum is 4-6%；
（2）Rubber seed oil is processed through alkali-refining deacidification, distillation, the deodorize of active hargil adsorption bleaching and obtains treated rubber seed oil, Copolymer in cinnamic acrylic ester, 80-90 DEG C of stirring 1-2h of PETO and Tween-80 are subsequently adding, most Naphthenic base oils, 50-60 DEG C of mixing 0.5-1h of methyl trifluoro propyl silicone oil are added afterwards, and compound oil is obtained after cooling；
（3）By step（1）The modified Nano grain for obtaining adds step（2）Ultrasonic disperse is uniform in the compound oil for obtaining, Ran Houjia Enter 50-60 DEG C of stirring 0.5-1h of remaining raw material, distillation, filtration are refined after cooling, obtain final product the moistureproof water-fast nucleocapsid containing rubber seed oil Structure nano is modified transformer oil.
CN201610830574.0A 2016-09-19 2016-09-19 Damp-proof waterproof core-shell structure nano-modified transformer oil containing rubber seed oil and preparation method of transformer oil Withdrawn CN106635273A (en)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105779094A (en) * 2016-04-26 2016-07-20 苏州思创源博电子科技有限公司 Method for preparing transformer insulating heat conduction oil

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105779094A (en) * 2016-04-26 2016-07-20 苏州思创源博电子科技有限公司 Method for preparing transformer insulating heat conduction oil

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
惠晓霞 等: "《国外燃料油和润滑油添加剂发展情况》", 31 October 1964, 中国工业出版社 *
欧风: "《石油产品应用技术手册》", 30 June 1998, 中国石化出版社 *
陆国俊 等: "《电力化学试验技能培训教程》", 31 December 2014, 华南理工大学出版社 *

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Application publication date: 20170510