CN106626654B - 聚烯烃双向拉伸膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
聚烯烃双向拉伸膜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种聚烯烃双向拉伸膜及其制备方法,其中,该聚烯烃双向拉伸膜包括依次分布的上表层、三层芯层及下表层五层层状结构,上表层及下表层均由如下的组分制备:丙烯类共聚物50~80份;烯烃基弹性体20~40份;防粘连剂1~6份;爽滑剂1~4份;三层芯层均由如下的组分制备:超低密度聚乙烯69~100份;烯类共聚物0.1~30份;爽滑剂0.01~1份。本发明的技术方案具有热封温度低、可热封温度宽、产品手感较柔软,以及柔韧性较好的优点,并且能够明显改善薄膜的收缩效果及热封性,提高了产品的性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种聚烯烃双向拉伸膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚烯烃热收缩薄膜(POF)一般采用PP和PE共挤复合制成,同时包含了聚乙烯和聚丙烯的优点,且性能又优于聚乙烯膜和聚丙烯膜,如具有高透明、耐低温、高强度、耐揉搓的综合性能。POF薄膜广泛地用于工业和零售业各种产品如食品、化妆品、药品、及电子产的捆扎和包装应用。POF薄膜一般为3-5层共挤出结构,双向拉伸工艺主要由以下工序组成: 配料混料、挤出机挤出,通过共挤模头挤出成为管坯,管坯骤冷,经牵引进长发热筒预热, 在大发热筒内吹胀,热定型、冷却、收卷、分切和入库。
聚烯烃热收缩薄膜的热收缩性,是衡量薄膜性能的一项关键指标。目前,聚烯烃热收缩薄膜的热收缩性大多在9%-45%之间,如,CN200610087005.8的专利公开了一种低温高收缩聚烯烃热收缩膜的制作方法,其以共聚聚丙烯和防粘连母料为表层原料,以改性聚乙烯、线性低密度聚乙烯等为芯层原料得到了POF薄膜,其在80-100℃温度条件下能获得9-36%的热收缩率;又如,CN201210570489.7的专利通过在上、下表层原料中加入聚顺式-1,4-异戊二烯,得到了一种更低温的高收缩薄膜,其在70-90℃温度条件下能获得35-45%的热收缩率,通过上述方法制成的薄膜在运输过程中或对温度要求更高的商品上,容易增加材料使用的能量损耗,增加商品包装过程中不良率。
有鉴于此,有必要对上述的聚烯烃热收缩薄膜进行进一步的改进。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中存在的至少一上述技术问题,本发明的主要目的提供一种聚烯烃双向拉伸膜及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的一个技术方案为:提供一种聚烯烃双向拉伸膜,包括依次分布的上表层、三层芯层及下表层五层层状结构,
所述上表层及下表层均由如下的组分制备:
丙烯类共聚物 50~80份;
烯烃基弹性体 20~40份;
防粘连剂 1~6份;
爽滑剂 1~4份;
三层所述芯层均由如下的组分制备:
超低密度聚乙烯 69~100份;
烯类共聚物 0.1~30份;
爽滑剂 0.01~1份。
优选地,所述烯烃基弹性体由等规聚丙烯与无规分布的乙烯组成。
优选地,所述芯层的烯类共聚物包括乙烯共聚物、丙烯共聚物、乙烯共聚物与丙烯共聚物形成的共混物,以及乙烯共聚物与丙烯共聚物形成的混合物中任一种,所述超低密度聚乙烯的密度为0.880~0.912g/ cm³。
优选地,所述防粘连剂为二氧化硅防粘连剂或高透明的有机防粘连剂。
优选地,所述爽滑剂为硅酮、油酸酰胺,以及芥酸酰胺爽滑剂中任一种。
优选地,所述聚烯烃双向拉伸膜的总厚度为7~80um,且任一所述芯层的厚度大于上表层或下表层的厚度。
优选地,所述聚烯烃双向拉伸膜的总厚度为10~25um,且任一所述芯层的厚度大于上表层或下表层的厚度。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的一个技术方案为:提供一种聚烯烃双向拉伸膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
预先混配丙烯类共聚物50~80份、烯烃基弹性体20~40份、防粘连剂1~6份,以及爽滑剂1~4份的上表层及下表层,以及混配超低密度聚乙烯69~100份,烯类共聚物0.1~30份,以及爽滑剂0.01~1份的三层芯层,并对各层材料进行均匀分散处理;
将上表层、三层芯层及下表层分别通过五台挤出机,并经过五层共挤模头挤出形成管坯,并对管坯冷却成型处理,其中,所述上表层及下表层对应的挤出机的温度均为185~195℃,三层所述芯层对应的挤出机的温度均为180~200℃;
管坯经冷却定型后牵引至长发热筒,并由长发热筒对管坯进行预热,其中,所述长发热筒对管坯的预热温度为200~400℃;
对预热后的管坯充气以及对充气后的管坯进行双向拉伸处理形成泡膜,其中,所述双向拉伸处理的温度为108~110℃,所述双向拉伸包括横向和纵向拉伸,拉伸倍数均为4-7倍;
强制冷却泡膜,并对泡膜进行对分剖开处理得到聚烯烃双向拉伸膜。
本发明的技术方案生产的聚烯烃双向拉伸膜,具有较佳的低热封高收缩性能,满足对温度敏感型商品的包装需求,同时又具有较宽的热封温度范围。利用本方案生产的聚烯烃双向拉伸膜在高速封口自动包装机上使用效果与传统的热封POF产品相比,具有热封温度低、可热封温度宽,产品手感较柔软,柔韧性较好,能够极大地提高产品的收缩效果和热封性。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
目前聚烯烃热收缩膜的制备方案中,通常只考虑薄膜的收缩温度,导致薄膜的性能较差。经过长期的实践得到,收缩温度和热封温度是收缩膜性能的两个重要参数。对于热封温度而言,起封温度是热封温度的一个指标,指薄膜热封时具有一定热封强度的温度。降低收缩温度和起封温度意味着在收缩膜更低的温度条件下可以进行包装,不仅能降低材料使用的能量损耗,对环境更友好;而且低收缩温度可以使收缩膜应用范围更广,可以用在一些对温度更为敏感的商品上;并且低的起封温度可以使收缩膜热封温度区间更大,同样可以降低材料使用的能量损耗,并能降低包装过程中不良率,具体的方案请参照下述的实施例。
在本发明实施例中,该聚烯烃双向拉伸膜,包括依次分布的上表层、三层芯层及下表层五层层状结构,
所述上表层及下表层均由如下的组分制备:
丙烯类共聚物 50~80份;
烯烃基弹性体 20~40份;
防粘连剂 1~6份;
爽滑剂 1~4份;
三层所述芯层均由如下的组分制备:
超低密度聚乙烯 69~100份;
烯类共聚物 0.1~30份;
爽滑剂 0.01~1份。
本实施例中,该聚烯烃双向拉伸膜的上表层、三层芯层及下表层五层层状结构可以表述为A/B/B/B/C五层结构,其中,A层、C层分别为上表层及下表层,三个B层为芯层,A层、C层可由挤出机螺杆直径为70mm,螺杆长径比为30:1,挤出温度为180℃的挤出形成;三个芯层可由挤出机螺杆直径为75mm,螺杆长径比为35:1,挤出温度为190℃的挤出形成。聚烯烃双向拉伸膜具体的结构请参照表1。
表1
从表1可知,B层(芯层)有三层,B层的厚度均大于A层(上表层)及C层(下表层)的厚度。并且B层的主要材质为超低密度聚乙烯,A层和C层的主要材质为丙烯类共聚物及烃基弹性体,通过调整上述超低密度聚乙烯以及丙烯类共聚物及烃基弹性体,能够使聚烯烃双向拉伸膜达到最佳的性能。
本实施例中,所述上表层及下表层中的烯类共聚物为丙烯共聚物,烯烃基弹性体由等规聚丙烯与无规分布的乙烯组成。较优的,所述芯层的烯类共聚物包括乙烯共聚物、丙烯共聚物、乙烯共聚物与丙烯共聚物形成的共混物,以及乙烯共聚物与丙烯共聚物形成的混合物中任一种,所述超低密度聚乙烯的密度为0.880~0.912g/ cm³。较优的,所述防粘连剂为二氧化硅防粘连剂或高透明的有机防粘连剂。较优的,所述爽滑剂为硅酮、油酸酰胺,以及芥酸酰胺爽滑剂及其共混物中任一种。上述的等规聚丙烯与无规分布的乙烯可以根据实际的要求来配置。烯类共聚物可以根据实际的要求选择。0.880~0.912g/ cm³的密度为超低密度聚乙烯的优选密度,在密度为0.880 g/ cm³、0.900g/ cm³、0.912g/ cm³分别为超低密度聚乙烯优选方案。该防粘连剂可以选用常规的防粘连剂。
在一具体的实施例中,所述聚烯烃双向拉伸膜的总厚度为7~80um,且任一所述芯层的厚度大于上表层或下表层的厚度。较优的,所述聚烯烃双向拉伸膜的总厚度为10~25um,且任一所述芯层的厚度大于上表层或下表层的厚度。本实施例中,聚烯烃双向拉伸膜的厚度可为7~80um,太厚则会增加成本,太薄则会影响薄膜的质量。
本发明的实施例中,该聚烯烃双向拉伸膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
预先混配丙烯类共聚物50~80份、烯烃基弹性体20~40份、防粘连剂1~6份,以及爽滑剂1~4份的上表层及下表层,以及混配超低密度聚乙烯69~100份,烯类共聚物0.1~30份,以及爽滑剂0.01~1份的三层芯层,并对各层材料进行均匀分散处理;
将上表层、三层芯层及下表层分别通过五台挤出机,并经过五层共挤模头挤出形成管坯,并对管坯冷却成型处理,其中,所述上表层及下表层对应的挤出机的温度均为185~195℃,三层所述芯层对应的挤出机的温度均为180~200℃;可以理解的,185℃、190℃、195℃均为上表层及下表层对应的挤出机温度的优选值。180℃、190℃、200℃均为三层芯层对应的挤出机温度的优选值。上述的共挤模头的温度为179℃。
管坯经冷却定型后牵引至长发热筒,并由长发热筒对管坯进行预热,其中,所述长发热筒对管坯的预热温度为200~400℃;可以理解的,200℃、300℃、400℃均为预热温度的优选值,经过对管坯进行预热可以达到设定的温度要求。具体的,管坯经冷却后牵引进入发热筒,长发热筒温度为区域可以分为1-4区,对应温度分为:250℃,260℃,270℃,280℃。
对预热后的管坯充气以及对充气后的管坯进行双向拉伸处理形成泡膜,其中,所述双向拉伸处理的温度为108~110℃,拉伸可分为横向和纵向拉伸,拉伸倍数均为4-7倍;本步骤中,预热后的管坯温度较高,经过适当冷却后可进行充气处理,然后在长发热筒的温度在108~110℃时,可对充气后的管坯进行横向及纵向拉伸处理形成泡膜,横向及纵向拉伸的倍数优选为4、5.2、7倍。
强制冷却泡膜,并对泡膜进行对分剖开处理得到聚烯烃双向拉伸膜。该步骤中,对分剖开后的聚烯烃双向拉伸膜经过收卷、固化后可分切成成品。由上述方法制得的聚烯烃双向拉伸膜的各项参数请参照表2。
表2
从表2中可以得看出,有上述方案制备的聚烯烃双向拉伸膜,至少在断裂伸长率、柔韧度有优于现有技术薄膜的优点。需要强调的是,本聚烯烃双向拉伸膜的起封温度相比于传统型薄膜更低,并且在100℃和120℃的热收缩率明显优于传统型薄膜。
综上,本发明的技术方案生产的聚烯烃双向拉伸膜,具有较佳的低热封高收缩性能,满足对温度敏感型商品的包装需求,同时又具有较宽的热封温度范围。利用本方案生产的聚烯烃双向拉伸膜在高速封口自动包装机上使用效果与传统的热封POF产品相比,具有热封温度低、可热封温度宽,产品手感较柔软,柔韧性较好,能够极大地提高产品的收缩效果和热封性。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是在本发明的发明构思下,利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构变换,或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (6)
1.一种聚烯烃双向拉伸膜,其特征在于,所述聚烯烃双向拉伸膜包括依次分布的上表层、三层芯层及下表层五层层状结构,
所述上表层及下表层均由如下的组分制备:
三层所述芯层均由如下的组分制备:
超低密度聚乙烯 69~100份;
烯类共聚物 0.1~30份;
爽滑剂 0.01~1份;
其中,所述芯层的烯类共聚物包括乙烯共聚物、丙烯共聚物、乙烯共聚物与丙烯共聚物形成的共混物,以及乙烯共聚物与丙烯共聚物形成的混合物中任一种,所述超低密度聚乙烯的密度为0.880~0.912g/cm3;
所述聚烯烃双向拉伸膜的制备方法包括如下步骤:
预先混配丙烯类共聚物50~80份、烯烃基弹性体20~40份、防粘连剂1~6份,以及爽滑剂1~4份的上表层及下表层,以及混配超低密度聚乙烯69~100份,烯类共聚物0.1~30份,以及爽滑剂0.01~1份的三层芯层,并对各层材料进行均匀分散处理;
将上表层、三层芯层及下表层分别通过五台挤出机,并经过五层共挤模头挤出形成管坯,并对管坯冷却成型处理,其中,所述上表层及下表层对应的挤出机的温度均为185~195℃,三层所述芯层对应的挤出机的温度均为180~200℃;
管坯经冷却定型后牵引至长发热筒,并由长发热筒对管坯进行预热,其中,所述长发热筒对管坯的预热温度为200~400℃;
对预热后的管坯充气以及对充气后的管坯进行双向拉伸处理形成泡膜,其中,所述双向拉伸处理的温度为108~110℃,所述双向拉伸包括横向和纵向拉伸,拉伸倍数均为4-7倍;
强制冷却泡膜,并对泡膜进行对分剖开处理得到聚烯烃双向拉伸膜。
2.如权利要求1所述的聚烯烃双向拉伸膜,其特征在于,所述烯烃基弹性体由等规聚丙烯与无规分布的乙烯组成。
3.如权利要求1所述的聚烯烃双向拉伸膜,其特征在于,所述防粘连剂为二氧化硅防粘连剂或高透明的有机防粘连剂。
4.如权利要求1所述的聚烯烃双向拉伸膜,其特征在于,所述爽滑剂为硅酮、油酸酰胺,以及芥酸酰胺爽滑剂中任一种。
5.如权利要求1至4任一项所述的聚烯烃双向拉伸膜,其特征在于,所述聚烯烃双向拉伸膜的总厚度为7~80um,且任一所述芯层的厚度大于上表层或下表层的厚度。
6.如权利要求1至4任一项所述的聚烯烃双向拉伸膜,其特征在于,所述聚烯烃双向拉伸膜的总厚度为10~25um,且任一所述芯层的厚度大于上表层或下表层的厚度。
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