CN106620631A - 可冷热帖敷的黑膏药及其制备方法 - Google Patents

可冷热帖敷的黑膏药及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106620631A
CN106620631A CN201710099061.1A CN201710099061A CN106620631A CN 106620631 A CN106620631 A CN 106620631A CN 201710099061 A CN201710099061 A CN 201710099061A CN 106620631 A CN106620631 A CN 106620631A
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parts
cold
medicine oil
root
plaster
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李明忠
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种可冷热帖敷的黑膏药及其制备方法，以该方法制备所得的黑膏药以当归、杜仲、丹参、桑寄生、白芍、鸡血藤、木瓜、红花、三七、地龙、蜈蚣、乌梢蛇、雷公藤、独活、伸筋草、透骨草、生半夏、自然铜、骨碎补、生姜、艾叶、细辛粉、马钱子粉、川芎、黄丹和芝麻油为基质，在该基质的基础上添加其他特定药效成分组成具有针对某类特定疾病的膏药，该黑膏药既能不加热直接冷贴又能加热后帖敷，且帖敷牢度高、药物渗透力强，此外其制备方法简单可行，便于推广使用。

Description

可冷热帖敷的黑膏药及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种纯中药熬制的黑膏药及其制备方法，尤其涉及一种可冷热帖敷的黑膏药及其制备方法，属于中药膏药及其制备技术领域。
背景技术
目前现有膏药的常见帖敷方式为对膏体加热后利用膏体在一定温度下的粘度进行帖敷，只有这样才能在人体上帖敷牢固。然而现在人们的生活节奏加快，热帖敷方式的膏药逐渐不再适应快节奏的生活，因此出现了可冷贴的膏药。但市面上可冷贴的膏药种类少，且存在帖敷不牢固的情况，虽然可以通过在药膏中加入油、醋、饴糖、蜂蜜等成分来使药膏的粘度增加，但大量增加上述物质则对药效有较大的影响，且此种药膏冷贴的粘附效果也并未有较大的改善，往往还是需要通过包扎来进行更好的固定；此外现有的可冷贴的膏药由于不加热其硬药的渗透力较差，治疗见效非常慢。因此需要一种既能冷贴也能热帖敷的膏药，且需要该膏药在冷贴时同样具有良好的帖敷牢固性和良好的药物渗透性。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种可冷热帖敷的黑膏药及其制备方法，该黑膏药既能不加热直接冷贴又能加热后帖敷，且帖敷牢度高、药物渗透力强，此外其制备方法简单可行，便于推广使用。
本发明的技术方案是：
一种可冷热帖敷的黑膏药，包括主要由下述按重量份计的各组分组成的基质：当归5-8份、杜仲5-8份、丹参5-8份、桑寄生5-8份、白芍5-8份、鸡血藤5-8份、木瓜5-8份、红花5-8份、三七5-8份、地龙5-8份、蜈蚣5-8份、乌梢蛇5-8份、雷公藤5-8份、独活5-8份、伸筋草5-8份、透骨草5-8份、生半夏5-8份、自然铜5-8份、骨碎补5-8份、生姜30-50份、艾叶30-50份、细辛粉50-100份、马钱子粉100-200份、川芎50-100份、黄丹300-500份和芝麻油1000-1500份。
其进一步的技术方案是：
所述可冷热帖敷的黑膏药除所述基质外，还包括主要由下述按重量份计的各组分组成的药效成分：党参5-8份、生地5-8份、全蝎5-8份、芜活5-8份、生川乌5-8份、生草乌5-8份、防风5-8份、防己5-8份、生南星5-8份、乳香5-8份、没药5-8份、樟脑5-8份、冰片5-8份、薄荷脑3-5份和牛膝5-8份。
所述可冷热帖敷的黑膏药除所述基质外，还包括主要由下述按重量份计的各组分组成的药效成分：党参5-8份、全蝎5-8份、松香5-8份、麻黄5-8份、桂枝5-8份、紫苏叶5-8份、荆芥5-8份、防风5-8份、羌活5-8份、白芷5-8份、细辛粉5-8份、藁本5-8份、辛夷5-8份、苍耳子5-8份、葱白5-8份、淡豆豉5-8份、柴胡5-8份、葛根5-8份和什麻5-8份。
所述可冷热帖敷的黑膏药除所述基质外，还包括主要由下述按重量份计的各组分组成的药效成分：薄荷5-8份、牛蒡子5-8份、蝉蜕5-8份、桑叶5-8份、菊花5-8份、荆芥5-8份、防风5-8份、金银花5-8份、连翘5-8份、蔓荆子5-8份、葛根5-8份、什麻5-8份、柴胡5-8份、浮萍5-8份和木贼5-8份。
本发明还公开了一种上述可冷热帖敷的黑膏药的制备方法，该制备方法包括下述步骤：
(1)按照配方用量准确称取基质中各组分药材和药效成分中各组分药材；将上述药材中除去黄丹、马钱子粉、细辛粉和易挥发的药材外的其他药材在铜锅中按照传统熬制药膏的方法将药材熬至乌黑且药油能够滴水成珠时，进行过滤除去药渣，得到无渣药油；
(2)将(1)中所得的无渣药油分出部分，将(1)中称取好的马钱子粉和细辛粉混合成药粉，在分出的无渣药油中加入上述药粉形成第一药油合剂，其中分出的无渣药油和药粉的质量比为(100-200):(100-150)；
(3)将(1)中所得的无渣药油继续分出部分，将(1)中称取好的黄丹加入上述分出的无渣药油中进行熬制成膏，形成第二药油合剂，其中分出的无渣药油和黄丹的质量比为(100-200):(50-100)；
(4)将第一药油合剂、第二药油合剂、剩余的无渣药油和(1)中所述易挥发的药材合并进行二次熬制成膏，然后将熬制好的膏药均匀的摊敷在衬底上，形成可冷热帖敷的黑膏药。
其进一步的技术方案是：
所述易挥发的药材为樟脑、冰片、薄荷脑和薄荷。
本发明的有益技术效果是：该黑膏药以当归、杜仲、丹参、桑寄生、白芍、鸡血藤、木瓜、红花、三七、地龙、蜈蚣、乌梢蛇、雷公藤、独活、伸筋草、透骨草、生半夏、自然铜、骨碎补、生姜、艾叶、细辛粉、马钱子粉、川芎、黄丹和芝麻油为基质，在该基质的基础上添加其他特定药效成分组成具有针对某类特定疾病的膏药，该黑膏药既能不加热直接冷贴又能加热后帖敷，且帖敷牢度高、药物渗透力强，此外其制备方法简单可行，便于推广使用。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，并可依照说明书的内容予以实施，下面结合具体实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述，以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
下述具体实施例中所采用的衬底材料大多为本领域常见的衬底材料，材料可自由选择，以能够承托药膏并透气、方便使用为准，下述具体实施例中可选用无纺布、牛皮纸、棉底纸等。
具体实施例1
一种可冷热帖敷的黑膏药，包括主要由下述按重量份计的各组分组成的基质：当归6份、杜仲8份、丹参6份、桑寄生6份、白芍8份、鸡血藤8份、木瓜6份、红花6份、三七8份、地龙8份、蜈蚣8份、乌梢蛇8份、雷公藤6份、独活8份、伸筋草6份、透骨草6份、生半夏8份、自然铜8份、骨碎补8份、生姜30份、艾叶30份、细辛粉50份、马钱子粉100份、川芎50份、黄丹350份和芝麻油1000份。其中马钱子粉为将马钱子经沙炒、粉碎后所得的；生姜为干姜或新鲜生姜均可，本具体实施例中以新鲜生姜为例。
其具体制备方法为：(1)按照配方用量准确称取基质中的各组分药材；将上述基质中各组分药材中除去黄丹、马钱子粉和细辛粉外的其他药材在铜锅中按照传统熬制药膏的方法将药材熬至乌黑且药油能够滴水成珠时，进行过滤除去药渣，得到无渣药油；
(2)将(1)中所得的无渣药油分出部分，将(1)中称取好的马钱子粉和细辛粉混合成药粉，在分出的无渣药油中加入上述药粉形成第一药油合剂，其中分出的无渣药油和药粉的质量比为(100-200):(100-150)；
(3)将(1)中所得的无渣药油分出部分，将(1)中称取好的黄丹加入上述分出的无渣药油中进行熬制成膏，形成第二药油合剂，其中分出的无渣药油和黄丹的质量比为(100-200):(50-100)；
(4)将第一药油合剂、第二药油合剂和剩余的无渣药油合并进行二次熬制成膏，然后将熬制好的膏药均匀的摊敷在衬底上。
该药膏可以作为本发明所述的可冷热帖敷的黑膏药的基底材料，为黑膏药提供既能在常温情况下的进行冷贴、又能在较高温度下进行热帖敷的基础，为本申请实现可冷热帖敷的关键。该基础药膏可做镇痛除淤、舒筋活血、风湿骨痛药膏使用。
冷贴时药膏牢固强度：将本具体实施例所得药膏通过冷贴的方式帖敷于患者不同的病患部位，并记录从帖敷到自然脱落的时间，表格参见如下表1所述：
表1
病患部位 脱落时间(天)
颈椎 >7天
腰椎 >7天
小腿前侧 >7天
肘关节 >3天
肩关节 >3天
膝关节 >3天
手腕 >3天
病例1：患者王某，19岁，因骑车摔倒右腿有大面积擦伤后出现淤青和疼痛，使用本膏药两天后疼痛消除，五天后淤青消失。
病例2：患者张某，25岁，因打篮球时躲避来人而倒地用手撑地，导致手腕红肿胀痛，使用本膏药两天后疼痛消除，五天后淤肿消失。
病例3：患者林某，52岁，因夜晚下楼梯时未看清而跌倒，左脚脚腕受伤，导致红肿胀痛，使用本膏药四天后疼痛消失，六天后淤青消除。
病例4：患者丁某，48岁，坐骨神经疼痛，上下楼梯困难，帖敷本膏药两天后见效，七天后症状减轻大半，十五天后上下楼梯轻松，二十二天后疼痛消失，四十五天后根除，病愈后长达一年未发病。
病例5：患者金某，52岁，肩颈疼痛，曾在进行针灸及使用其他学位贴治疗无效，帖敷本膏药后，十二小时候感到轻松，半个月后疼痛明显减轻，连续帖敷五十天后，疼痛消失。
病例6：患者江某，35岁，痔疮，在承山穴上帖敷本膏药两片，于治疗日当天帖敷，十二小时后症状减轻，三天后康复。
具体实施例2
一种可冷热帖敷的黑膏药，包括主要由下述按重量份计的各组分组成的基质：当归8份、杜仲8份、丹参8份、桑寄生8份、白芍8份、鸡血藤8份、木瓜8份、红花6份、三七8份、地龙8份、蜈蚣6份、乌梢蛇8份、雷公藤6份、独活8份、伸筋草6份、透骨草6份、生半夏8份、自然铜8份、骨碎补8份、生姜30份、艾叶30份、细辛粉50份、马钱子粉100份、川芎50份、黄丹350份和芝麻油1000份。还包括主要由下述按重量份计的各组分组成的药效成分：党参8份、生地8份、全蝎5份、芜活6份、生川乌8份、生草乌8份、防风6份、防己8份、生南星8份、乳香8份、没药8份、樟脑8份、冰片8份、薄荷脑5份和牛膝8份。
其制备方法为：(1)按照配方用量准确称取基质中各组分药材和药效成分中各组分药材；将上述药材中除去黄丹、马钱子粉、细辛粉、樟脑、冰片、薄荷脑外的其他药材在铜锅中按照传统熬制药膏的方法将药材熬至乌黑且药油能够滴水成珠时，进行过滤除去药渣，得到无渣药油；
(2)将(1)中所得的无渣药油分出部分，将(1)中称取好的马钱子粉和细辛粉混合成药粉，在分出的无渣药油中加入上述药粉形成第一药油合剂，其中分出的无渣药油和药粉的质量比为(100-200):(100-150)；
(3)将(1)中所得的无渣药油分出部分，将(1)中称取好的黄丹加入上述分出的无渣药油中进行熬制成膏，形成第二药油合剂，其中分出的无渣药油和黄丹的质量比为(100-200):(50-100)；
(4)将第一药油合剂、第二药油合剂和剩余的无渣药油合并后，加入樟脑、冰片和薄荷脑进行二次熬制成膏，然后将熬制好的膏药均匀的摊敷在衬底上。
该药膏在基质的基础上添加了适当的药效成分，可治疗肩周炎、颈椎病、腰腿疼痛、坐骨神经痛、风湿、关节疼痛及麻痹、骨质增生疼痛、腰肌劳损、疼痛、麻木等。
典型病例：
病例1：患者李某，成人，足跟疼痛，帖敷本膏药七天后症状减轻，二十二天疼痛消失，四十天后根除。
病例2：患者王某，成人，腰腿疼，帖敷本膏药两天后疼痛减轻，十天后痛感减轻大半，十五～二十天后疼痛消失，三十五天后根除。
病例3：患者贺某，成人，肩周炎疼痛至难以入眠，帖敷本膏药两天后痛感减轻，后续痛感逐渐减轻，二十天后疼痛消失。
具体实施例3
一种可冷热帖敷的黑膏药，包括主要由下述按重量份计的各组分组成的基质：当归8份、杜仲8份、丹参8份、桑寄生8份、白芍8份、鸡血藤8份、木瓜8份、红花6份、三七8份、地龙8份、蜈蚣6份、乌梢蛇8份、雷公藤6份、独活8份、伸筋草6份、透骨草6份、生半夏8份、自然铜8份、骨碎补8份、生姜30份、艾叶30份、细辛粉50份、马钱子粉100份、川芎50份、黄丹300份和芝麻油1000份。还包括主要由下述按重量份计的各组分组成的药效成分：党参8份、全蝎6份、松香6份、麻黄8份、桂枝8份、紫苏叶6份、荆芥6份、防风8份、羌活8份、白芷8份、细辛粉8份、藁本8份、辛夷6份、苍耳子8份、葱白8份、淡豆豉8份、柴胡8份、葛根8份和什麻8份。
其制备方法为：(1)按照配方用量准确称取基质中各组分药材和药效成分中各组分药材；将上述药材中除去黄丹、马钱子粉、细辛粉外的其他药材在铜锅中按照传统熬制药膏的方法将药材熬至乌黑且药油能够滴水成珠时，进行过滤除去药渣，得到无渣药油；
(2)将(1)中所得的无渣药油分出部分，将(1)中称取好的马钱子粉和细辛粉混合成药粉，在分出的无渣药油中加入上述药粉形成第一药油合剂，其中分出的无渣药油和药粉的质量比为(100-200):(100-150)；
(3)将(1)中所得的无渣药油分出部分，将(1)中称取好的黄丹加入上述分出的无渣药油中进行熬制成膏，形成第二药油合剂，其中分出的无渣药油和黄丹的质量比为(100-200):(50-100)；
(4)将第一药油合剂、第二药油合剂和剩余的无渣药油合并后进行二次熬制成膏，然后将熬制好的膏药均匀的摊敷在衬底上。
该药膏在基质的基础上添加了适当的药效成分，可治疗风寒性感冒。
典型病例：
病例1：患者马某，成人，患有风寒性感冒，浑身酸痛、鼻塞、流涕，帖敷本膏药在大椎穴、足三里穴、手三里穴、膻中穴上帖敷加热后的本膏药，当天感觉轻松，之后症状逐渐减轻，七天后康复。
病例2：患者王某，儿童，患有风寒性感冒，浑身酸痛、流涕、咳嗽有痰，帖敷本膏药2天后感觉轻松，且疼痛减轻，七天后流涕消失，十天后咳嗽消失。
病例3：患者罗某，儿童，患有风寒性感冒，浑身酸痛、咳嗽、流涕，帖敷本膏药当天上述症状减轻，三天后疼痛消失，七天后康复。
具体实施例4
一种可冷热帖敷的黑膏药，包括主要由下述按重量份计的各组分组成的基质：当归8份、杜仲8份、丹参8份、桑寄生8份、白芍8份、鸡血藤8份、木瓜6份、红花6份、三七8份、地龙8份、蜈蚣8份、乌梢蛇8份、雷公藤6份、独活8份、伸筋草6份、透骨草6份、生半夏8份、自然铜8份、骨碎补8份、生姜30份、艾叶30份、细辛粉50份、马钱子粉100份、川芎50份、黄丹300份和芝麻油1000份。还包括主要由下述按重量份计的各组分组成的药效成分：薄荷8份、牛蒡子8份、蝉蜕6份、桑叶8份、菊花8份、荆芥8份、防风6份、金银花6份、连翘6份、蔓荆子6份、葛根8份、什麻8份、柴胡8份、浮萍6份和木贼8份。
其制备方法为：(1)按照配方用量准确称取基质中各组分药材和药效成分中各组分药材；将上述药材中除去黄丹、马钱子粉、细辛粉和薄荷外的其他药材在铜锅中按照传统熬制药膏的方法将药材熬至乌黑且药油能够滴水成珠时，进行过滤除去药渣，得到无渣药油；
(2)将(1)中所得的无渣药油分出部分，将(1)中称取好的马钱子粉和细辛粉混合成药粉，在分出的无渣药油中加入上述药粉形成第一药油合剂，其中分出的无渣药油和药粉的质量比为(100-200):(100-150)；
(3)将(1)中所得的无渣药油分出部分，将(1)中称取好的黄丹加入上述分出的无渣药油中进行熬制成膏，形成第二药油合剂，其中分出的无渣药油和黄丹的质量比为(100-200):(50-100)；
(4)将第一药油合剂、第二药油合剂和剩余的无渣药油合并后，加入薄荷进行二次熬制成膏，然后将熬制好的膏药均匀的摊敷在衬底上。
该药膏在基质的基础上添加了适当的药效成分，可治疗风热性感冒。
典型病例：
病例1：患者胡某，成人，患有风热性感冒，喉咙痛，咳嗽有黄色痰液，发烧流鼻涕，头痛，帖敷本膏药后当天症状有所减轻，七天后感觉轻松，十天康复。
病例2：患者房某，成人，患有风热性感冒，头身重，恶风寒、无汗、咽红干痛，帖敷本膏药两天后发热退去，头身感觉轻松，五～七天后流浓鼻涕症状减轻，十二天后康复。
病例3：患者许某，成人，患有风热性感冒，鼻塞、流黄浊鼻涕、咳嗽、咽红干痛，帖敷本膏药一天后症状减轻，七天后康复。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，并不用于限制本发明。在本申请所述的基质基础上还可以添加其他的药效成分，由该基质和新的其他的药效成分构成的具有针对别的疾病的药膏，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，均属于做出若干改进和变型，这些改进和变型也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种可冷热帖敷的黑膏药，其特征在于：包括主要由下述按重量份计的各组分组成的基质：当归5-8份、杜仲5-8份、丹参5-8份、桑寄生5-8份、白芍5-8份、鸡血藤5-8份、木瓜5-8份、红花5-8份、三七5-8份、地龙5-8份、蜈蚣5-8份、乌梢蛇5-8份、雷公藤5-8份、独活5-8份、伸筋草5-8份、透骨草5-8份、生半夏5-8份、自然铜5-8份、骨碎补5-8份、生姜30-50份、艾叶30-50份、细辛粉50-100份、马钱子粉100-200份、川芎50-100份、黄丹300-500份和芝麻油1000-1500份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可冷热帖敷的黑膏药，其特征在于：所述可冷热帖敷的黑膏药除所述基质外，还包括主要由下述按重量份计的各组分组成的药效成分：党参5-8份、生地5-8份、全蝎5-8份、芜活5-8份、生川乌5-8份、生草乌5-8份、防风5-8份、防己5-8份、生南星5-8份、乳香5-8份、没药5-8份、樟脑5-8份、冰片5-8份、薄荷脑3-5份和牛膝5-8份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的可冷热帖敷的黑膏药，其特征在于：所述可冷热帖敷的黑膏药除所述基质外，还包括主要由下述按重量份计的各组分组成的药效成分：党参5-8份、全蝎5-8份、松香5-8份、麻黄5-8份、桂枝5-8份、紫苏叶5-8份、荆芥5-8份、防风5-8份、羌活5-8份、白芷5-8份、细辛粉5-8份、藁本5-8份、辛夷5-8份、苍耳子5-8份、葱白5-8份、淡豆豉5-8份、柴胡5-8份、葛根5-8份和什麻5-8份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的可冷热帖敷的黑膏药，其特征在于：所述可冷热帖敷的黑膏药除所述基质外，还包括主要由下述按重量份计的各组分组成的药效成分：薄荷5-8份、牛蒡子5-8份、蝉蜕5-8份、桑叶5-8份、菊花5-8份、荆芥5-8份、防风5-8份、金银花5-8份、连翘5-8份、蔓荆子5-8份、葛根5-8份、什麻5-8份、柴胡5-8份、浮萍5-8份和木贼5-8份。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一权利要求所述的可冷热帖敷的黑膏药的制备方法，其特征在于：包括下述步骤：
(1)按照配方用量准确称取基质中各组分药材和药效成分中各组分药材；将上述药材中除去黄丹、马钱子粉、细辛粉和易挥发的药材外的其他药材在铜锅中按照传统熬制药膏的方法将药材熬至乌黑且药油能够滴水成珠时，进行过滤除去药渣，得到无渣药油；
(2)将(1)中所得的无渣药油分出部分，将(1)中称取好的马钱子粉和细辛粉混合成药粉，在分出的无渣药油中加入上述药粉形成第一药油合剂，其中分出的无渣药油和药粉的质量比为(100-200):(100-150)；
(3)将(1)中所得的无渣药油继续分出部分，将(1)中称取好的黄丹加入上述分出的无渣药油中进行熬制成膏，形成第二药油合剂，其中分出的无渣药油和黄丹的质量比为(100-200):(50-100)；
(4)将第一药油合剂、第二药油合剂、剩余的无渣药油和(1)中所述易挥发的药材合并进行二次熬制成膏，然后将熬制好的膏药均匀的摊敷在衬底上，形成可冷热帖敷的黑膏药。
6.根据权利要求5所述的可冷热帖敷的黑膏药的制备方法，其特征在于：所述易挥发的药材为樟脑、冰片、薄荷脑和薄荷。
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Application publication date: 20170510