CN106614408B - Indoor raising method for bean aphids - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an indoor propagation method of bean aphid, which comprises the steps of raising adzuki bean seedlings and propagating the bean aphid. The propagation of bean aphid includes steps such as inoculation of bean aphid, propagation of provenance bean aphid, and propagation of bean aphid used to breed natural enemies. The method used in the present invention does not have high requirements on temperature, humidity and light, and fiber cloth is used to maintain the humidity of the seedling substrate during seedling raising.

Description

A kind of indoor raising method of bean aphid

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of agricultural and forestry pests, and relates to a breeding method for a natural enemy host, in particular to an indoor breeding method for bean aphid.

Background technique

The first key problem to be solved in the large-scale production of natural enemies of aphids such as ladybugs and hoverflies is the indoor breeding technology of natural enemies aphids. The bean aphid Aphis craccivora Koch, also known as alfalfa aphid and peanut aphid, is a kind of aphid with fast growth and reproduction and wide temperature adaptability. Aphidoletes sp (Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry), Raising bean aphids with broad bean to breed Axychromis axyridis (Hubei Tobacco Company), breeding bean aphids with broad bean seedlings for breeding Aphididae (Yunnan Tobacco Company), etc., above The methods have obtained national patents. As can be seen from the above patent, broad bean is the most commonly used host for breeding bean aphid. However, broad beans are large in size and difficult to cultivate without soil. Propagation of bean seedlings requires a large amount of seedling substrate, and the period from broad bean seed to bean aphid growth to being used by natural enemies is about 30 days. Management costs of bean sprouts. In addition, the planting area of broad bean is mainly in the north, and it is not easy to obtain in the south, and such technologies are subject to many restrictions in the south. Therefore, it is necessary to screen out a simpler, more suitable and lower cost bean aphid propagation method.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies existing in the current bean aphid propagation method, and to provide a bean aphid indoor propagation method with simpler operation, wider adaptability and lower cost.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A kind of indoor raising method of bean aphid, the concrete operation steps are:

(1) Cultivation of bean sprouts

①Preparation of bean seed soaking solution: take an appropriate amount of sterile water, weigh a certain amount of drug A, pour it into the sterile water and stir evenly;

②Soaking of bean seeds: After purchasing the bean seeds in the market, put the bean seeds into a plastic pot, flatten them, pour the soaking liquid, the water level is 2cm higher than the bean seeds, and the soaking time is 12h; the size of the plastic pot is , according to the number of soaked beans;

③ Germination of bean seeds: Take out the soaked bean seeds, drain the water, put them into a plastic film bag together with the plastic pot containing the bean seeds, seal, and the germination time is 2-3 days, until the bean seeds grow 3mm Take out the left and right roots; the soaking solution is packed in a plastic washing bottle for later use;

4. Cultivation of bean sprouts: put the seedling material soaked with water at the bottom of the seedling container 1, cut the seedling material according to the shape and size of the bottom of the container before putting in, and then spread the bean seeds on the seedling material, and the individual bean seeds There is no overlap between them; after laying, place the seedling containers on top of each other, press a weight of about 500g on the top seedling container, and adjust the up and down order of the containers every day until there are 0.5cm long shoots. Remove the heavy objects, and place the seedling container on the test bench in a horizontal row; when the sprouts grow to 3±0.5cm, the bean aphid can be inoculated; after cultivating 10d, use the seedling container 2 to raise the seedlings according to the method of the above-mentioned seedling container 1, The number of seedlings in container 2 is 5 times that of container 1.

(2) Inoculation of bean aphid

Collect bean aphids on legumes and bring them back to the room, move them into a seedling container 1 with a sprout length of 3±0.5 cm, and place them on the seedling material;

(3) Propagation of Provenance Bean Aphid

When the bean sprouts of 1 in the seedling raising container are covered with bean aphids, cut the bean sprouts into small sections, each section has 50 ± 5 aphids, and move the bean sprouts section with aphids into the newly cultivated seedlings with a length of 3 ± 0.5 cm. In container 1, 500 ± 5 bean aphids are moved into each seedling container 1;

(4) The bean aphid used to reproduce natural enemies is propagated

When the bean sprouts in the seedling container 1 in the propagation of the provenance bean aphid in step (3) are covered with bean aphids, put a support in the seedling container 2, place the seedling container 1 on the support, and take out the seedlings after 1 day The container 1 and the bracket were placed in a new seedling container 2, repeated 5 times, and the bean aphid for natural enemies was obtained by rearing in the seedling container 2.

Further, the agent A is gibberellin, and the concentration of the prepared soaking solution is 0.5 mg/L.

Further, the bean species is adzuki bean.

Further, the seedling container 1 is a plastic pot with Φ=10cm and H=10cm; the seedling container 2 is a plastic pot with Φ≥20cm and H=10cm.

Further, described seedling raising material is bamboo fiber cloth, and the specification is W=25cm, H=25cm.

Further, the described support is a stainless steel frame with specifications of Φ=9cm, H=4cm.

Advantages and positive effects of the inventive method:

1. Using this method to breed aphids does not require high temperature and humidity, nor does it require high light, so there is no need to add additional light sources, which reduces management costs;

2. In this method, adzuki bean is used instead of broad bean, because adzuki bean has a wider planting range than broad bean in my country, is easier to obtain, and emerges neatly.

3. In this method, fiber cloth is used as the medium for seedling raising, which is suitable for adzuki bean, which belongs to the adzuki bean type, and can save the use of a large number of seedling substrates for the seedling raising of soybean type bean seeds such as broad bean, which saves the cost of raising seedlings;

4. The method utilizes the principle of leggy growth of plant seeds under weak light conditions and the rational use of auxin, thereby controlling the growth height of adzuki bean sprouts.

5. The adzuki beans used in this method can be inoculated with aphids, which only takes 4 days, and it only takes 6 days from inoculation with aphids to when the bean sprouts are covered with aphids, which saves more than half of the time required to propagate aphids with broad bean sprouts, and has a relatively low cost. good economic and social benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: is a kind of indoor breeding method schematic diagram of bean aphid of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the combination of the inoculation source container for bean aphid propagation according to the present invention.

Figure 2 Identification: 1-seedling container 1; 2-seedling container 2; 3-stainless steel frame.

Detailed ways

The method of the present invention will be further described in detail below through the examples, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited by these contents.

Example 1:

A kind of indoor raising method of bean aphid, the concrete operation steps are:

(1) Cultivation of bean sprouts

①Preparation of bean seed soaking solution: Measure an appropriate amount of sterile water, weigh the drug A gibberellin, pour it into the sterile water and stir evenly to prepare a soaking solution with a concentration of 0.5mg/L;

②Soaking of bean seeds: After purchasing the bean seeds in the market, put the azuki beans in a plastic basin, flatten them, pour the soaking liquid, the water level is 2cm higher than the bean seeds, and the soaking time is 12h; the plastic basin The size is selected according to the number of soaked beans;

③ Germination of bean seeds: Take out the soaked adzuki bean seeds, drain the water, put them into a plastic film bag together with the plastic pot containing the adzuki bean seeds, seal, and the germination time is 2 days, until the bean seeds are red. Take out the adzuki beans when they grow a root of about 3mm; the soaking liquid is packed in a plastic washing bottle for later use;

④Cultivation of bean sprouts: put soaked water in the bottom of the plastic pot seedling raising container 1 of Φ=10cm, H=10cm, the specification is the bamboo fiber cloth seedling raising material of W=25cm, H=25cm, put the seedling raising material according to Cut out the shape and size of the bottom of the container, and then spread the adzuki bean seeds on the bamboo fiber cloth seedling raising material, and the individual beans do not overlap; Press a weight of about 500g, and adjust the up and down order of the container every day until 0.5cm long sprouts grow, remove the weight, and place the seedling container on the test bench; when the red bean sprouts grow to Bean aphid can be inoculated when 3±0.5cm; after cultivating 10d, use Φ=40cm, H=10cm plastic pot seedling container 2, raise seedlings according to the method of the above-mentioned seedling container 1, and the number of seedlings in the seedling container 2 is 5 of the container 1. times.

(2) Inoculation of bean aphid

Collect bean aphids on legumes and bring them back to the room, transfer them into a seedling container 1 with a sprout length of 3±0.5 cm of adzuki bean, and place them on the seedling material;

(3) Propagation of Provenance Bean Aphid

When the adzuki bean sprouts of 1 in the seedling raising container are covered with bean aphids, cut the adzuki bean sprouts into small sections, each section has 50±5 aphids, and move the adzuki bean sprouts with aphids into the newly cultivated adzuki bean sprouts. In the seedling container 1 with a bud length of 3±0.5cm, 500±5 bean aphids were moved into each seedling container 1;

(4) The bean aphid used to reproduce natural enemies is propagated

In step (3), when the adzuki bean sprouts in the seedling container 1 are covered with bean aphids in the propagation of the provenance bean aphid, put a stainless steel support with a size of Φ=9cm, H=4cm in the seedling container 2, and place the seedlings in the seedling container 2. The container 1 was placed on a support, and after 1 day, the seedling container 1 and the stainless steel support were taken out and placed in a new seedling container 2, repeated 5 times, and the bean aphid for natural enemies was obtained by rearing in the seedling container 2.

Example 2:

A kind of indoor raising method of bean aphid, the concrete operation steps are:

(1) Cultivation of bean sprouts

①Preparation of bean seed soaking solution: Measure an appropriate amount of sterile water, weigh the drug A gibberellin, pour it into the sterile water and stir evenly to prepare a soaking solution with a concentration of 0.5mg/L;

②Soaking of bean seeds: After purchasing the bean seeds in the market, put the azuki beans in a plastic basin, flatten them, pour the soaking liquid, the water level is 2cm higher than the bean seeds, and the soaking time is 12h; the plastic basin The size is selected according to the number of soaked beans;

③ Germination of bean seeds: Take out the soaked adzuki bean seeds, drain the water, put them into a plastic film bag together with the plastic pot containing the adzuki bean seeds, seal, and the germination time is 3 days, until the bean seeds are red. Take out the adzuki beans when they grow a root of about 3mm; the soaking liquid is packed in a plastic washing bottle for later use;

④Cultivation of bean sprouts: put soaked water in the bottom of the plastic pot seedling raising container 1 of Φ=10cm, H=10cm, the specification is the bamboo fiber cloth seedling raising material of W=25cm, H=25cm, put the seedling raising material according to Cut out the shape and size of the bottom of the container, and then spread the adzuki bean seeds on the bamboo fiber cloth seedling raising material, and the individual beans do not overlap; Press a weight of about 500g, and adjust the up and down order of the container every day until 0.5cm long sprouts grow, remove the weight, and place the seedling container on the test bench; when the red bean sprouts grow to Bean aphid can be inoculated when 3±0.2cm; after cultivating 10d, use Φ=30cm, H=10cm plastic pot seedling container 2, raise seedlings according to the method of the above-mentioned seedling container 1, and the number of seedlings in the seedling container 2 is 3 of the container 1. times.

(2) Inoculation of bean aphid

Bean aphids are collected from legumes and brought back indoors, transferred into a seedling container 1 with a sprout length of 3±0.2 cm of adzuki bean, and placed on the seedling material;

(3) Propagation of Provenance Bean Aphid

When the adzuki bean sprouts of 1 in the seedling raising container are covered with bean aphids, cut the adzuki bean sprouts into small sections, each section has 50±5 aphids, and move the adzuki bean sprouts with aphids into the newly cultivated adzuki bean sprouts. In the seedling container 1 with a bud length of 3±0.2 cm, 500±2 bean aphids were moved into each seedling container 1;

(4) The bean aphid used to reproduce natural enemies is propagated

In step (3), when the adzuki bean sprouts in the seedling container 1 are covered with bean aphids in the propagation of the provenance bean aphid, put a stainless steel support with a size of Φ=9cm, H=4cm in the seedling container 2, and place the seedlings in the seedling container 2. The container 1 was placed on a support, and after 1 day, the seedling container 1 and the stainless steel support were taken out and placed in a new seedling container 2, repeated 5 times, and the bean aphid for natural enemies was obtained by rearing in the seedling container 2.

Claims (4)

1. An indoor raising method of bean aphids is characterized by comprising the following steps: the specific operation steps are as follows:

(1) cultivation of bean seedlings

① the bean seed soaking solution is prepared by weighing appropriate amount of sterile water, weighing a certain amount of the medicinal preparation A, and stirring completely in sterile water;

soaking bean seeds: after the bean seeds are purchased on the market, the bean seeds are put into a plastic basin, spread out and poured into the plastic basin for soakingSoaking bean seeds in water for 12h, wherein the water level is 2cm higher than the bean seeds; the size of the plastic basin is selected according to the number of the soaked bean seeds;

③ pregermination of bean species comprises taking out the soaked bean species, draining, placing into plastic film bag together with plastic basin containing bean species, sealing, pregermination time is 2-3 days, taking out until the bean species grow about 3mm root, washing the soaking solution with plastic bottle, and bottling;

④ cultivation of bean seedlings, namely putting seedling cultivation materials soaked with water at the bottom of a first seedling cultivation container (1), cutting the seedling cultivation materials according to the shape and size of the bottom of the first seedling cultivation container (1) before putting, then spreading bean seeds on the seedling cultivation materials, wherein the bean seeds are not overlapped, after spreading, overlapping the first seedling cultivation container (1), pressing a weight of 500g on the first seedling cultivation container (1) at the top, adjusting the vertical sequence of the first seedling cultivation container (1) every day until a tender bud with the length of 0.5cm grows out, removing the weight, horizontally arranging the first seedling cultivation container (1) on an experiment table, inoculating bean aphids when the tender buds grow to 3 +/-0.5 cm, after cultivating for 10d, cultivating the second seedling cultivation container (2) by the method of the first seedling cultivation container (1), and the quantity of the second seedling cultivation container (2) is 5 times of that of the first seedling cultivation container (1);

(2) inoculation of Aphis fabae

Collecting Aphis fabae on leguminous plants, returning the Aphis fabae to the room, transferring the Aphis fabae into a first seedling culture container (1) with tender shoots of 3 +/-0.5 cm, and placing the Aphis fabae on a seedling culture material;

(3) propagation of seed bean aphids

When bean seedlings in the first seedling raising container (1) are full of bean aphids, cutting the bean seedlings into small sections, wherein each section has 50 +/-5 aphids, transferring the bean seedling sections with the aphids into the first seedling raising containers (1) with newly-cultured tender shoots of 3 +/-0.5 cm in length, and transferring 500 +/-5 bean aphids into each first seedling raising container (1);

(4) aphis fabae propagation expanding method for propagating natural enemies

When bean aphids grow on bean seedlings in the first seedling raising container (1) in the expanding propagation of the bean aphids of provenance in the step (3), putting a support in the second seedling raising container (2), putting the first seedling raising container (1) on the support, taking out the first seedling raising container (1) and the support after 1 day, putting the first seedling raising container and the support in the new second seedling raising container (2), repeating for 5 times, and feeding the bean aphids for natural enemies in the second seedling raising container (2);

the medicament A is gibberellin, and the concentration of the prepared soak solution is 0.5 mg/L;

the bean is small red bean.

2. The indoor feeding method of myzus persicae as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first seedling raising container (1) is a plastic pot with the diameter =10cm and the height =10 cm; the second seedling raising container (2) is a plastic pot with the diameter being more than or equal to 20cm and the height being =10 cm.

3. The indoor feeding method of myzus persicae as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the seedling raising material is bamboo fiber cloth, and the specification is that the length =25cm, and the width =25 cm.

4. The indoor feeding method of myzus persicae as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the support be stainless steel frame (3), the specification is diameter =9cm, and the height =4 cm.

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