CN106609336A - Acid-resistant stainless steel and production method thereof - Google Patents
Acid-resistant stainless steel and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106609336A CN106609336A CN201510700615.XA CN201510700615A CN106609336A CN 106609336 A CN106609336 A CN 106609336A CN 201510700615 A CN201510700615 A CN 201510700615A CN 106609336 A CN106609336 A CN 106609336A
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Abstract
The invention relates to acid-resistant stainless steel and a production method thereof. The acid-resistant stainless steel is obtained by conducting improving on the basis of SUS316L, controlling the content of the elements, including C, Si, Mn, Mo and Cr, capable of improving the strength of the stainless steel, regulating the content to the upper limit of the standard required content and adding a small quantity of the element Ti capable of improving the strength of the stainless steel. The acid-resistant stainless steel is mainly prepared from, by weight, 0.01%-0.03% of C, 0.75%-1.0% of Si, 1.5%-2.0% of Mn, not larger than 0.020% of P, not larger than 0.010% of S, 12.00%-15.10% of Ni, 17.00%-19.00% of Cr, 2.50%-3.00% of Mo, 0.15%-0.22% of N, 0.05%-0.15% of Ti and 0.55%-1.5% of Cu. By means of the forging process combing hot forging, warm forging and solution heat treatment, the strength of the stainless steel can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stainless steel forgings technical field, particularly a kind of acid-resistant stainless steel and its production method.
Background technology
Austenitic stainless steel under high temperature and extremely low temperature due to all having good plasticity and toughness, cold and hot working performance
It is widely used in the fields such as oil, chemical industry, aerospace and the energy with resistance to local corrosion performance, especially in nuclear power
Field, austenitic stainless steel is the main material of critical component in all kinds of presurized water reactor nuclear islands, due to forging processing energy
Ensure the seriality of metal fibrous tissue, the fibrous tissue and forging profile for making forging is consistent, metal stream
Line is complete, it is ensured that part has good mechanical property and long service life, therefore all kinds of austenite stainless
Steel forgings play vital effect in the construction of nuclear power station.
The material for adopting at present is mainly austenitic stainless steel (SUS304L, SUS316L etc.), such material tool
There is the characteristics of intensity is high, acid resistance is good.Such material when forging process is carried out, needs repeatedly forged and
Heat treatment, certain impact is produced on the performance of forging, and the mechanicalness for not carrying out forging the front material of processing often occurs in Jing
Standard requirement can be fully met, but is forged with after heat treatment, mechanical performance provides easy access to standard requirement
Lower limit, especially tensile strength, often low even exceeded, again heat treatment is even scrapped to cause forging,
How to solve the problems, such as that the close lower limit of tensile strength is those skilled in the art after Austenitic stainless steel forging processing
The technical issues that need to address.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of acid-resistant stainless steel and its production method, the stainless steel forgings are manufactured into
This low, mechanical performance is excellent, and especially tensile strength is high.
The technical scheme is that, be improved on the basis of SUS316L, control can improve stainless
The content of C, Si, Mn, Mo, Cr element of hardness of steel, is adjusted to standard and is required the upper limit of content,
Increase can improve on a small quantity the Ti elements of stainless hardness of steel, and a kind of composition by weight percent of acid-resistant stainless steel is：
C：0.02%～0.03%；
Si：0.75%～1.0%；
Mn：1.5%～2.0%；
P≤0.020%；
S≤0.010%；
Ni：12.00～15.10%；
Cr：17.00～19.00%；
Mo：2.50～3.00%；
N：0.15～0.22%；
Ti：0.05～0.15%；
Cu：0.55～1.5%；Balance of ferrum.
The reasons why determining above-mentioned chemical composition is as follows：
Carbon：Carbon can increase the low temperature intensity of alloy by solution strengthening, play invigoration effect；Carbon content
Span of control, below the dissolubility in carbon in ferrite or close to the dissolubility of carbon in ferrite, therefore
Carbon content is preferably controlled in into the upper limit, is 0.02%～0.03%.
Nickel：Nickel is strong austenite former, increases the stability that nickel content is favorably improved austenite structure,
The intensity of steel can be improved, and keeps good plasticity and toughness；Nickel has higher acid-fast ability to soda acid, but
Nickel is precious metal raw material, and too high levels can cause material price high, and in addition high nickel content is unfavorable for that material is low
The raising of warm intensity, therefore preferably 13%～15%.
Chromium：Chromium is ferrite former, can significantly improve intensity, acid resistance, but while reduces plasticity and tough
Property；But chromium content is too high, ferrite content in austenite can be caused to increase, therefore the content of chromium is preferably controlled
System, in the upper limit, is 17.00～19.00%.
Molybdenum：Molybdenum is ferrite former, and molybdenum is added in austenitic stainless steel can improve austenitic stainless steel
Pitting resistance, by solution strengthening its intensity can be improved, and molybdenum content is preferably controlled in into the upper limit, be
2.50%～3.00%.
Nitrogen：On the one hand nitrogen can significantly improve austenite not as strong austenite former by solution strengthening
The elevated temperature strength of rust steel, another aspect nitrogen interacts with titanium, can more obviously improve material at high temperature intensity；
But nitrogen content is too high, substantial amounts of nitride can be caused to separate out, the Toughness and acid resistance of material can be reduced again,
Therefore preferably 0.15%～0.22%.
Manganese：Increasing manganese content can improve the intensity of steel, increase the solid solubility of nitrogen in austenitic stainless steel,
But manganese content is too high, can cause to produce martensite in austenitic stainless steel, therefore manganese content is preferably controlled in
It is limited to 1.5%～2.0%.
Titanium：In the temperature-rise period of steel rolling, titanium and nitrogen, the little particle for combining to form disperse of carbon, to Ovshinsky
Body crystal boundary plays fixation, hinders the migration of austenite grain boundary, effectively prevents AUSTENITE GRAIN COARSENING, and in drop
Titanium is separated out in austenite with nitrogen, carbon compound to before ferritic transformation during temperature, becomes ferritic shape
Nuclear particle, makes ferritic crystal grain refinement, significantly improves stainless intensity；And the content of titanium elements exists
When between 0.05%～0.15%, the impact to γ crystallite dimensions is the most notable, therefore Ti content is preferably
0.05%～0.15%.
Silicon：Silicon can significantly improve the elastic limit of steel, yield point and tensile strength, used as the formation of chromium equivalent
Element, and molybdenum, chromium etc. combines, can improve the corrosion resistance and non-oxidizability of steel, therefore by silicone content control
It is 0.75～1.0% in the upper limit.
Add the effect of Cu：1st, weathering steel is used, and improves atmospheric corrosion resistance ability；2nd, the deep-draw of steel is improved
Performance, can make various anti-corrosion rivets.3rd, as intensified element, precipitation-hardening is played a part of.By
There is graphitizing in copper, so it is added in mild steel, and mass percent is not more than the master of 1.5% bronze medal
Acting on is：Improve anti-corrosion capability；Heavy alloyed tensile strength is put forward by precipitation-hardening；Copper is not sent out at those
Raising yield strength that can be slight in the steel of raw precipitation-hardening；It improves quenching degree and reduces extending in carbon steel
Property.
Sulfur, phosphorus：Impurity element during alloy smelting.
The acid-resistant stainless steel of the present invention will can improve C, Si, Mn, Mo, Cr element of stainless hardness of steel
Content, is adjusted to standard and is required the upper limit of content, can effectively improve stainless intensity, increases a small amount of
Ti elements, by Ti and N, the interaction of C element, form TiN, TiC, can effectively prevent Austria
Family name's body grain coarsening, fining ferrite grains significantly improve stainless steel machinery performance.
A kind of method of the production workpiece of above-mentioned acid-resistant stainless steel, comprises the steps：
A. first by above-mentioned corresponding proportioning by vacuum drying oven melting acquisition sample steel ingot；
B. by the strand Heating Steel Ingots smelted to 1250-1280 DEG C, many fire time rough forges are carried out, is incubated 1.5-2.5
Come out of the stove after hour and forge, final forging temperature is not less than 1100 DEG C；Repeatedly forging can improve workpiece with crystal grain thinning
Performance；
C. the workpiece that rough forge is obtained is annealed in time, temperature 1100-1150 DEG C, and protected according to thickness setting
The warm time；
D. finish forge is carried out to the workpiece after annealing, is processed using warm forging, obtain finish-forging finished product；
E. finish-forging finished product is carried out into solution heat treatment, is heated to 1150-1190 DEG C, Forced water cooling after insulation.
Further, in step B, 1100～1250 DEG C of final forging temperature scope, total forging ratio >=4, per fire
Secondary deflection >=30%.
Further, in step D, the temperature range of warm forging processing is 850～900 DEG C, can effectively refine crystalline substance
Grain.
The acid-resistant stainless steel production method operation of the present invention is simple, it is easy to control, through multiple forge hot and warm forging phase
With reference to, can effective crystal grain thinning, significantly improve workpiece performance.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
The present embodiment produces the acid-resistant stainless steel of 3 batches, and each element composition is added into vacuum metling according to proportioning
Stove, and 50kg vacuum drying ovens are passed through by corresponding proportioning suitably with addition of graphite according to decarburization situation in smelting process
Melting obtains sample steel ingot；By the strand smelted, rising head is cut, be heated to 1250 DEG C, be incubated 2 hours
After come out of the stove and forge, final forging temperature is not less than 1100 DEG C and is repeatedly forged, total forging ratio >=4, per fire time deformation
Amount >=30%；After the completion of rough forge, workpiece is annealed in time, temperature 1100-1150 DEG C；After annealing
Workpiece carries out finish forge, is processed using warm forging, obtains finish-forging finished product；Finish-forging finished product is carried out into solution heat treatment, plus
Heat to 1150-1190 DEG C, Forced water cooling after insulation.
With the formula body stainless steel forgings difficult to understand that same processing technique is prepared for SUS316L, for being contrasted.
The embodiment of table 1 and to comparative example standard analysis (%)
The embodiment of table 2 and comparative example mechanical property
The stainless steel forgings for obtaining sampling is analyzed, the chemical composition for obtaining is carried out referring to table 1 to sample
Measuring mechanical property, by the content of the elements such as C, Si, Mn, Mo, Cr in raising composition, and adds few
The Ti elements of amount, can effectively prevent AUSTENITE GRAIN COARSENING, combine through multiple forge hot and warm forging, can
With effective crystal grain thinning, workpiece mechanical performance is significantly improved, concrete outcome is referring to table 2.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not to this
The restriction of bright embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, on the basis of the above description
Can also make other changes in different forms.There is no need to give all of embodiment
It is exhaustive.And these belong to the obvious change extended out of spirit or variation of the present invention still in the present invention
Protection domain in.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of acid-resistant stainless steel, it is characterised in that chemical composition and its mass percent are：
C： 0.01%~0.03%；
Si ： 0.75%~1.0%；
Mn：1.5%~2.0%；
P≤0.020%；
S≤0.010%；
Ni：12.00~15.10%；
Cr ：17.00~19.00%；
Mo ：2.50~3.00%；
N：0.15~0.22%；
Ti：0.05~0.15%；
Cu：0. 55~1.5%；
Balance of ferrum.
2. acid-resistant stainless steel according to claim 1 production workpiece method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
A. first by above-mentioned corresponding proportioning by vacuum drying oven melting acquisition sample steel ingot；
B. many fire time rough forges are carried out, by the strand Heating Steel Ingots to 1250-1280 DEG C smelted, is come out of the stove after insulation 1.5-2.5 hours and forge, final forging temperature is not less than 1100 DEG C；Repeatedly forging can improve workpiece performance with crystal grain thinning；
C. the workpiece that rough forge is obtained is annealed in time, temperature 1100-1150 DEG C, and temperature retention time is set according to thickness；
D. finish forge is carried out to the workpiece after annealing, is processed using warm forging, obtain finish-forging finished product；
E. finish-forging finished product is carried out into solution heat treatment, is heated to 1150-1190 DEG C, Forced water cooling after insulation.
3. production method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in step B, 1100～1250 DEG C of final forging temperature scope, total forging ratio >=4, per fire time deflection >=30%.
4. production method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in step D, the temperature range of warm forging processing is 850～900 DEG C.
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| CN201510700615.XA CN106609336A (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2015-10-26 | Acid-resistant stainless steel and production method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109986006A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-07-09 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of stainless steel hard disk shell precision forging forming method |
| CN110541130A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-06 | 长沙凯泽工程设计有限公司 | Stainless steel for medical instruments and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109986006A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-07-09 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of stainless steel hard disk shell precision forging forming method |
| CN110541130A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-06 | 长沙凯泽工程设计有限公司 | Stainless steel for medical instruments and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170503 |