CN106567010A - Corrosion-resistant stainless steel and production method thereof - Google Patents
Corrosion-resistant stainless steel and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106567010A CN106567010A CN201510655557.3A CN201510655557A CN106567010A CN 106567010 A CN106567010 A CN 106567010A CN 201510655557 A CN201510655557 A CN 201510655557A CN 106567010 A CN106567010 A CN 106567010A
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Abstract
The invention relates to corrosion-resistant stainless steel and a production method thereof. The corrosion-resistant stainless steel is improved on the basis of SUS316L, the contents of elements C, Si, Mn, Mo and Cr capable of improving the strength of the stainless steel are controlled and adjusted to the upper limits of standard required contents, and a small amount of element Ti capable of improving the strength of the stainless steel is added. The corrosion-resistant stainless steel comprises the following main components, by weight percentage, 0.02-0.03% of C, 0.75-1.0% of Si, 1.5-2.0% of Mn, not greater than 0.020% of P, not greater than 0.010% of S, 12.00-15.10% of Ni, 17.00-19.00% of Cr, 2.50-3.00% of Mo, 0.15-0.22% of N and 0.05-0.15% of Ti. The strength of the stainless steel can be effectively improved through a forging process combining hot forging, warm forging and solid solution heat treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stainless steel forgings technical field, particularly a kind of corrosion-resistant stainless steel and its producer
Method.
Background technology
Austenitic stainless steel under high temperature and extremely low temperature due to all having good plasticity and toughness, cold and hot working performance
It is widely used in the fields such as oil, chemical industry, aerospace and the energy with resistance to local corrosion performance, especially in nuclear power
Field, austenitic stainless steel is the main material of critical component in all kinds of presurized water reactor nuclear islands, due to forging processing energy
Ensure the continuity of metal fibrous tissue, the fibr tissue and forging profile for making forging is consistent, metal stream
Line is complete, it is ensured that part has good mechanical property and long service life, therefore all kinds of austenite stainless
Steel forgings play vital effect in the construction of nuclear power station.
The material for adopting at present is mainly austenitic stainless steel (SUS304L, SUS316L etc.), such material tool
The characteristics of having high intensity, good corrosion resistance.When forging process is carried out, needs are repeatedly forged such material
And heat treatment, certain impact is produced on the performance of forging, often there is the machinery for not carrying out forging the front material of processing in Jing
Performance fully meets standard requirement, but after being forged and being heat-treated, mechanical performance provides easy access to standard requirement
Lower limit, especially tensile strength, often low even exceeded, causes forging to be heat-treated again or even scrap,
How to solve the problems, such as that the close lower limit of tensile strength is those skilled in the art after Austenitic stainless steel forging processing
The technical issues that need to address.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of corrosion-resistant stainless steel and its production method, the stainless steel forgings manufacture
Low cost, mechanical performance are excellent, and especially tensile strength is high.
The technical scheme is that, be improved on the basis of SUS316L, control can improve stainless
The content of C, Si, Mn, Mo, Cr element of hardness of steel, is adjusted to standard and is required the upper limit of content,
Increase can improve on a small quantity the Ti elements of stainless hardness of steel, a kind of composition by weight percent of corrosion-resistant stainless steel
For：
C 0.02%～0.03%；
Si 0.75%～1.0%；
Mn 1.5%～2.0%；
P≤0.020%；
S≤0.010%；
Ni 12.00～15.10%；
Cr 17.00～19.00%；
Mo 2.50～3.00%；
N 0.15～0.22%；
Ti 0.05～0.15%；
Balance of iron.
The reasons why determining above-mentioned chemical composition is as follows：
Carbon：Carbon can increase the low temperature intensity of alloy by solution strengthening, play invigoration effect；Carbon content
Control range, below the solubility in carbon in ferrite or close to the solubility of carbon in ferrite, therefore
Carbon content is preferably controlled in into the upper limit, is 0.02%～0.03%.
Nickel：Nickel is strong austenite former, increases the stability that nickel content is favorably improved austenite structure,
The intensity of steel can be improved, and keeps good plasticity and toughness；Nickel has higher corrosion resistance to soda acid,
But nickel is precious metal raw material, too high levels can cause material price high, and in addition high nickel content is unfavorable for material
The raising of low temperature intensity, therefore preferably 13%～15%.
Chromium：Chromium is ferrite former, can significantly improve intensity, corrosion resistance, but while reduce plasticity and
Toughness；But chromium content is too high, ferrite content in austenite can be caused to increase, therefore the content of chromium is preferred
Control, in the upper limit, is 17.00～19.00%.
Molybdenum：Molybdenum is ferrite former, and molybdenum is added in austenitic stainless steel can improve austenitic stainless steel
Pitting resistance, by solution strengthening its intensity can be improved, and molybdenum content is preferably controlled in into the upper limit, be
2.50%～3.00%.
Nitrogen：On the one hand nitrogen can significantly improve austenite not as strong austenite former by solution strengthening
The elevated temperature strength of rust steel, another aspect nitrogen interacts with titanium, can more obviously improve material at high temperature intensity；
But nitrogen content is too high, substantial amounts of nitride can be caused to separate out, the Toughness and corrosion resistance of material can be reduced again
Can, therefore preferably 0.15%～0.22%.
Manganese：Increasing manganese content can improve the intensity of steel, increase the solid solubility of nitrogen in austenitic stainless steel,
But manganese content is too high, can cause to produce martensite in austenitic stainless steel, therefore manganese content is preferably controlled in
It is limited to 1.5%～2.0%.
Titanium：In the temperature-rise period of steel rolling, titanium and nitrogen, the little particle for combining to form disperse of carbon, to Ovshinsky
Body crystal boundary plays fixation, hinders the migration of austenite grain boundary, effectively prevents AUSTENITE GRAIN COARSENING, and in drop
Titanium is separated out in austenite with nitrogen, carbon compound to before ferritic transformation during temperature, becomes ferritic shape
Nuclear particle, makes ferritic crystal grain refinement, significantly improves stainless intensity；And the content of titanium elements exists
When between 0.05%～0.15%, the impact to γ crystallite dimensions is the most notable, therefore Ti content is preferably
0.05%～0.15%.
Silicon：Silicon can significantly improve the elastic limit of steel, yield point and tensile strength, used as the formation of chromium equivalent
Element, and molybdenum, chromium etc. combines, can improve the corrosion resistance and non-oxidizability of steel, therefore by silicone content control
It is 0.75～1.0% in the upper limit.
Sulphur, phosphorus：Impurity element during alloy smelting.
The corrosion-resistant stainless steel of the present invention will can improve C, Si, Mn, Mo, Cr element of stainless hardness of steel
Content, adjusted to standard and required the upper limit of content, can effectively improve stainless intensity, increase few
The Ti elements of amount, by Ti and N, the interaction of C element, form TiN, TiC, can effectively prevent
AUSTENITE GRAIN COARSENING, fining ferrite grains significantly improve stainless steel machinery performance.
A kind of method of the production workpiece of above-mentioned corrosion-resistant stainless steel, comprises the steps：
A. first by above-mentioned corresponding proportioning by vacuum drying oven melting acquisition sample steel ingot；
B. by the strand Heating Steel Ingots smelted to 1250-1280 DEG C, many fire time rough forges are carried out, is incubated 1.5-2.5
Come out of the stove after hour and forge, final forging temperature is not less than 1100 DEG C；Repeatedly forging can improve workpiece with crystal grain thinning
Performance；
C. the workpiece that rough forge is obtained is annealed in time, temperature 1100-1150 DEG C, and protected according to thickness setting
The warm time；
D. finish forge is carried out to the workpiece after annealing, is processed using warm forging, obtain finish-forging finished product；
E. finish-forging finished product is carried out into solution heat treatment, is heated to 1150-1190 DEG C, Forced water cooling after insulation.
Further, in step B, 1100～1250 DEG C of final forging temperature scope, total forging ratio >=4, per fire
Secondary deflection >=30%.
Further, in step D, the temperature range of warm forging processing is 850～900 DEG C, can effectively refine crystalline substance
Grain.
The corrosion-resistant stainless steel production method operation of the present invention is simple, it is easy to control, through multiple forge hot and warm forging
Combine, can effective crystal grain thinning, significantly improve workpiece performance.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
The present embodiment produces the corrosion-resistant stainless steel of 3 batches, and each element composition is added into vacuum smelting according to proportioning
Furnace, and 50kg vacuum is passed through by corresponding proportioning suitably with addition of graphite according to decarburization situation in smelting process
Stove melting obtains sample steel ingot；By the strand smelted, rising head is cut, be heated to 1250 DEG C, insulation 2 is little
When after come out of the stove and forge, final forging temperature is not less than 1100 DEG C and is repeatedly forged, total forging ratio >=4, becomes per fire time
Shape amount >=30%；After the completion of rough forge, workpiece is annealed in time, temperature 1100-1150 DEG C；After annealing
Workpiece carry out finish forge, using warm forging process, obtain finish-forging finished product；Finish-forging finished product is carried out into solution heat treatment,
1150-1190 DEG C is heated to, Forced water cooling after insulation.
With the formula body stainless steel forgings difficult to understand that same processing technology is prepared for SUS316L, for being contrasted.
The embodiment of table 1 and to comparative example standard analysis (%)
The embodiment of table 2 and comparative example mechanical property
| Project | Tensile strength/MPa | Yield strength/MPa | Elongation/% | Hardness/HRB |
| Embodiment one | 525 | 210 | 46 | 186 |
| Embodiment two | 515 | 205 | 44 | 185 |
| Embodiment three | 520 | 208 | 45 | 185 |
| SUS 316L desired values | ≥480 | ≥177 | ≥40 | ≤187 |
| Comparative example | 485 | 190 | 46 | 183 |
The stainless steel forgings for obtaining sampling is analyzed, the chemical composition for obtaining is carried out referring to table 1 to sample
Measuring mechanical property, by the content of C, Si, Mn, Mo, Cr element in raising composition, and adds a small amount of
Ti elements, can effectively prevent AUSTENITE GRAIN COARSENING, combine through multiple forge hot and warm forging, can be with
Effectively crystal grain thinning, significantly improves workpiece mechanical performance, and concrete outcome is referring to table 2.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not to this
The restriction of bright embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, on the basis of the above description
Can also make other changes in different forms.There is no need to give all of embodiment
It is exhaustive.And these belong to the obvious change extended out of spirit or variation of the present invention still in the present invention
Protection domain in.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of corrosion-resistant stainless steel, it is characterised in that chemical composition and its mass percent are：
C 0.02%~0.03%；
Si 0.75%~1.0%；
Mn 1.5%~2.0%；
P≤0.020%；
S≤0.010%；
Ni 12.00~15.10%；
Cr 17.00~19.00%；
Mo 2.50~3.00%；
N 0.15~0.22%；
Ti0.05~0.15%；
Balance of iron.
2. corrosion-resistant stainless steel according to claim 1 production workpiece method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
A. first by above-mentioned corresponding proportioning by vacuum drying oven melting acquisition sample steel ingot；
B. many fire time rough forges are carried out, by the strand Heating Steel Ingots to 1250-1280 DEG C smelted, is come out of the stove after insulation 1.5-2.5 hours and forge, final forging temperature is not less than 1100 DEG C；Repeatedly forging can improve workpiece performance with crystal grain thinning；
C. the workpiece that rough forge is obtained is annealed in time, temperature 1100-1150 DEG C, and temperature retention time is set according to thickness；
D. finish forge is carried out to the workpiece after annealing, is processed using warm forging, obtain finish-forging finished product；
E. finish-forging finished product is carried out into solution heat treatment, is heated to 1150-1190 DEG C, Forced water cooling after insulation.
3. production method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in step B, 1100～1250 DEG C of final forging temperature scope, total forging ratio >=4, per fire time deflection >=30%.
4. production method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in step D, the temperature range of warm forging processing is 850～900 DEG C.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112442633A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-03-05 | 河钢股份有限公司 | High-nitrogen 316LN stainless steel welding wire and production method thereof |
| CN112760566A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-07 | 上海航空材料结构检测股份有限公司 | Novel high-strength corrosion-resistant 316L alloy |
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| JPS558433A (en) * | 1978-06-30 | 1980-01-22 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Corrosion resistant, high strength austenitic stainless steel |
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| JP2010202966A (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2010-09-16 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | Highly corrosion-resistant stainless steel having excellent tensile property |
| CN102601282A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2012-07-25 | 无锡市法兰锻造有限公司 | Z2CND18-12N control nitrogen stainless steel forging technology |
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2015
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Patent Citations (6)
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| JPS558433A (en) * | 1978-06-30 | 1980-01-22 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Corrosion resistant, high strength austenitic stainless steel |
| JPH01230752A (en) * | 1988-03-09 | 1989-09-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Stainless steel casting |
| CN101205595A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-06-25 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Tough ultra-strength stainless steel and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN101323901A (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-12-17 | 上海重型机器锻件厂 | Austenitic stainless steel as-forged solid solution treatment process after forging |
| JP2010202966A (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2010-09-16 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | Highly corrosion-resistant stainless steel having excellent tensile property |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112442633A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-03-05 | 河钢股份有限公司 | High-nitrogen 316LN stainless steel welding wire and production method thereof |
| CN112760566A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-07 | 上海航空材料结构检测股份有限公司 | Novel high-strength corrosion-resistant 316L alloy |
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Application publication date: 20170419 |