CN106599340A - Method for optimizing parameters of contact line and pantograph based on sensitivity analysis - Google Patents

Method for optimizing parameters of contact line and pantograph based on sensitivity analysis Download PDF

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CN106599340A
CN106599340A CN201610912875.8A CN201610912875A CN106599340A CN 106599340 A CN106599340 A CN 106599340A CN 201610912875 A CN201610912875 A CN 201610912875A CN 106599340 A CN106599340 A CN 106599340A
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contact pressure
contact
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CN106599340B (en
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张坚
刘文正
于美丽
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Beijing Jiaotong University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for optimizing parameters of a contact line and a pantograph based on sensitivity analysis. According to bow-net contact pressure during running of a high speed train, the existing problem is analyzed, level value design of the parameters is carried out through central composite design, and multi-factor and five-level parameters are obtained; an Spearman rank correlation coefficient method is adopted to compute correlation coefficients between the parameters of the contact line and the pantograph and the contact pressure to judge the correlation; and an Sobol method is adopted to compute sensitivity coefficients of the parameters of the contact line and the pantograph about the contact pressure, judge the impact of the parameters on the contact pressure and determine an optimization order of the parameters when the bow-net parameter optimization is carried out, after each index meets relevant standard requirements, optimization is ended and all bow-net parameter values are output. The method has reasonable optimization, and the parameters of the contact line and the pantograph can be adjusted quickly and reasonably, so that the contact pressure of the parameters of the contact line and the pantograph can be controlled reasonably.

Description

A kind of optimization method of the contact net and pantograph parameters based on sensitivity analysis
Technical field
The present invention relates to high ferro pantograph-catenary current collection technical field, specifically a kind of contact net based on sensitivity analysis and by electricity The optimization method of bow parameter.
Background technology
When train runs at a relatively high speed, under the influence of wheel track and pneumatic excitation, pantograph vibration and contact net fluctuate Seriously, pantograph is affected continually and steadily to take stream.In the case where the pantograph speed of service, outside excitation condition are certain, between bow net Current carrying quality mainly affected by contact net and pantograph parameters.That is, can be by adjustment contact net and pantograph Parameter value, improve pantograph-catenary current collection quality.Then it is determined that the influence degree of the change direction of parameter and each parameter to contact pressure, Become the key of optimization pantograph-catenary current collection quality.
But in technology previously, be mostly according to engineering experience, or using test of many times adjust catenary's parameterses and Changing the mode of pantograph model improves pantograph-catenary current collection quality, and quantities is than larger.This method is from contact net and pantograph Parameter is launched with contact pressure dependency and determination parameter to two angles of contact pressure sensitivity, proposes quantitative optimization bow net The method of parameter, realizes well being flowed between bow net.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of rational optimization method for the design of high-speed railway bow net.And by contact net and The judgement of pantograph parameters and contact pressure dependency and the sensitivity of bow net parameter, and then by quick rational adjustment contact Net and pantograph parameters are realizing.
When carrying out contact net structure optimization, typically with contact pressure and its statistic, that is, with contact pressure standard deviation Difference, meansigma methodss, maximum and minima are by stream index, by adjusting contact net and pantograph parameters value by contact pressure control System is in rational scope.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of optimization method of the contact net and pantograph parameters based on sensitivity analysis, comprises the following steps:
Step 1:For design or initial bow net model, bow net contact pressure when being run according to bullet train, calculate Go out contact pressure meansigma methodss, standard deviation, maximum and minima, analyze produced problem;
Contact pressure meansigma methodss:
Contact pressure standard deviation:
Contact pressure maximum:
Fmax=Max (Fi) (3)
Contact pressure minima:
Fmin=Min (Fi) (4)
In formula (1)-(4), FiRepresent the contact pressure value (N) of each sample point;N is sampling number;
Step 2:With current contact net-pantograph structure as initial model, by it is central composite design enter line parameter Level value is designed, and draws the parameter combination of multifactor five level, and each parameter level value set;Represent respectively after standardization Contact net and pantograph design parameter Zi, i=1,2 ... n, n are bow net number of parameters;
Step 3:Draw according to more than parameter level combination, using Spearman rank correlation coefficients method calculate contact net and Phase between the correlation coefficient between pantograph parameters and contact pressure, and the sign determination parameter according to correlation coefficient and contact pressure Guan Xing,
ρ represents rank correlation coefficient, and -1≤ρ≤1;N is the number of times of l-G simulation test;aj、bjRespectively represent catenary's parameterses and The order of the set level value of contact pressure index, 1≤j≤n;
Step 4:Using Sobol methods, the sensitivity coefficient of contact net and pantograph parameters to contact pressure is calculated, judging should Influence degree of the parameter to contact pressure, so that it is determined that the optimization order of parameter when carrying out bow net parameter optimization,
Each rank sensitivity coefficient is satisfied byRelation;
Wherein, partial variance Di=∫ fi 2(xi)dxI, Population varianceSi is single order sensitivity coefficient, represents single contact net and pantograph parameters Influence degree to contact pressure;SijFor second order sensitivity coefficient, the pairwise interaction of contact net and pantograph parameters is represented Influence degree to contact pressure;
Step 5:For produced problem in step 1, with reference to step 3 and 4, change bow net parameter value;
Step 6:According to the contact net and pantograph parameters that adjust in step 5, in simulation software, calculated, and Go out bow net contact pressure;
Step 7:According to contact pressure value, statistics contact pressure standard deviation value, meansigma methodss, maximum, minima and from Line rate, and contrasted with the regulation in respective standard, when value of calculation is in the range of standard regulation, then stop optimization, and it is defeated Go out the parameter value of contact net and pantograph;Otherwise carry out step 8;
Step 8:Continue the parameter value for changing contact net or pantograph, if now still in the scope of its maximum pull-off force It is interior, then repeat step 6 and 7;Otherwise, then step 9 is carried out;
Step 9:The whether altered all of parameter value of parameter is first determined whether, if it is not, continuing to adjust next Parameter value, then proceeds by step 8;Otherwise carry out step 10;
Step 10:Under conditions of all parameters are adjusted, if each index is still unsatisfactory for the requirement of standard, last On the basis of parameter value is obtained, other parameters are added again, re-start EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, and repeat step 2-9;
Step 11:Repeat all of above step, each index is met after relevant criterion requirement, terminates optimization, and is exported All of bow net parameter value.
As further scheme of the invention:In the step (3), as rank correlation coefficient ρ > 0, bow net parameter with connect Touch pressure positive correlation;As rank correlation coefficient ρ < 0, contact pressure is changing into negative correlation with bow net parameter.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention provides a kind of rational optimization method for the design of high-speed railway bow net, and is joined by contact net and pantograph The judgement with contact pressure dependency and the sensitivity of bow net parameter is counted, and then by quick rational adjustment contact net and by electricity Bend parameter to realize.When carrying out contact net structure optimization, with contact pressure and its statistic, by adjusting contact net and pantograph Parameter value controls contact pressure in rational scope.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation with reference to contact net.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation with reference to pantograph.(numbering of different parts wherein, is 1. 2. 3. 4. represented, k represents bullet The coefficient of elasticity of spring)
Fig. 3 is contact net structure optimization flow chart.
Composite design schematic diagram centered on Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 is instance parameter sensitivity coefficient.
Fig. 6 is the actual effect oscillogram of example.
Fig. 7 a, 7b, 7c, 7d are the actual effect figure of example.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment
Based on the optimization method of the catenary's parameterses of sensitivity analysis, comprise the following steps:
Step 1:For initial design or initial bow net model, bow net contact when being run according to bullet train Pressure, calculates contact pressure standard deviation, meansigma methodss, maximum and ratio of contact loss, analyzes produced problem;
Initial bow net model:Structural parameters in figure with reference to respectively Beijing-Tianjin inter-city passenger rail contact net and Faville Lay CX Series pantograph, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2;
Contact pressure meansigma methodss, standard deviation value and maximum analyze the change of contact pressure as evaluation index, respectively refer to Mark can be according to Fig. 5 contact pressure calculate draw, it is specific as follows:
Contact pressure meansigma methodss:
Contact pressure standard deviation:
Contact pressure maximum:
Fmax=Max (Fi) (3)
Contact pressure minima:
Fmin=Min (Fi) (4)
In formula (1)-(4), FiRepresent the contact pressure value (N) of each sample point;N is sampling number;
3. in train travelling process, by pantograph and contact line sliding contact, bow net contact pressure is to evaluate bow net to receive The leading indicator of current mass, typically with contact pressure statistics such as contact pressure meansigma methodss, standard deviation and maximums as weighing apparatus The index of amount contact pressure change;Specified according to related standard, when contact pressure within the specific limits when just can guarantee that bow net Between current carrying quality;
So, herein, problem is exactly the requirement that each index of contact pressure does not meet relevant criterion;Such as, standard deviation value Too big, ratio of contact loss is excessively high;
Step 2:(be given) as initial model with current contact net-pantograph structure, by it is central composite design enter The level value design of line parameter, draws the parameter combination of multifactor five level, and each parameter level value set;Mark is represented respectively Contact net and pantograph design parameter Z after standardizationi, i=1,2 ... n, n are bow net number of parameters;
Wherein, it is central composite design:
Firstly the need of each catenary's parameterses and contact pressure index level value set is obtained, using central complex design method, The parameter level value combination of design and simulation test;In order to discuss during centenary design Parameters variation to the impact of contact pressure;Fig. 1 In centenary design parameter be initial value, be set to zero level, and with 0.1 times of initial value changes, obtain each parameter Level value value table, as shown in table 1;
The catenary's parameterses value table of table 1
Centenary design parameter zero level value is standardized as (1,1,1,1), then normalizing parameter others water successively Level values, as shown in table 2;
The catenary's parameterses level code table of table 2
Wherein, Zi(i=1,2,3,4) represent respectively each design parameter of contact net after standardization;
Central composite design flow process and principle according to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the combination for carrying out each parameter level value sets Meter, and the parameter combination of the level of four factor five is realized using Design-Expert softwares, obtain 30 kinds of compound modes;Namely Needs carry out 30 simulation calculations in MSC.Marc softwares, and obtain corresponding contact pressure meansigma methodss, standard deviation and most Big value;
Step 3:The parameter level combination drawn according to more than, calculates initially with Spearman rank correlation coefficients method and contacts Correlation coefficient between line tension and contact pressure, and the sign determination parameter according to correlation coefficient to it is related between contact pressure Property,
In formula, ρ represents rank correlation coefficient, and -1≤ρ≤1;N for l-G simulation test number of times, n=30;aj, bj(1≤j≤ 30) sequence of j-th contact thread tension value and standard deviation value in contact line tension and standard deviation set is represented respectively, Referred to as order.With { TcjContact line tension level value set is represented, use { SjStandard deviation set is represented, wherein, Tcj、SjDifference table Show the element in two set.Ascending order arrangement is carried out respectively to the element in two set, the set { a of two ordered series of numbers orders is obtainedj}、{bj, The element of two row variables uses respectively aj, bjRepresent;
The size of | ρ | represents the degree of correlation of contact line tension and standard deviation, and | ρ | illustrates to contact line tension closer to 1 It is stronger with the degree of correlation of standard deviation;| ρ | illustrates that the degree of correlation contacted between line tension and standard deviation is weaker closer to 0. Work as ρ>When 0, contact line tension and increase with the increase of contact line tension with standard deviation positive correlation, i.e. standard deviation;Work as ρ<0 When, contact line tension is negatively correlated with contact pressure standard deviation, i.e., standard deviation is reduced with the increase of contact line tension;
It is more than the calculating process for contacting line tension and contact pressure standard deviation.With same method, can calculate and connect Correlation coefficient between tactile line tension and contact pressure meansigma methodss and maximum.And then calculating load rope tensility, contact line line density And carrier cable line density respectively with contact pressure standard deviation, the correlation coefficient between meansigma methodss and maximum.
Step 4:Using Sobol methods, sensitivity coefficient of the catenary's parameterses to contact pressure is calculated, and according to sensitivity system Several sizes judges influence degree of the parameter to contact pressure, so that it is determined that carrying out the excellent of parameter when catenary's parameterses optimize Change order;
The functional relationship between each design parameter of contact net and contact pressure based on Sobol methods, is represented with formula (6);
F (X)=f (x1, x2..., xn), i=1,2 ..., n (6)
In formula, xiRepresent each design parameter of contact net, n=4;F (X) represents contact pressure meansigma methodss, standard deviation or most Big value.There is obvious linear relationship between each design parameter of contact net and each index of contact pressure;Under the influence of two two parameters, respectively Degree of correlation between parameter and each index of contact pressure is different;So, with first order recursive form represent single catenary's parameterses with Linear relationship between contact pressure, with the relation between the product representation two parameter reciprocal action and contact pressure of two two parameters, by f (X) it is predicted as the form that the second order as shown in formula (6) interacts nonlinear model;
F (x)=F0+a1x1+a2x2+a3x3+a4x4+b1x1x2+b2x1x3+b3x1x4+c1x2x3+c2x2x4+d1x3x4(7)
Wherein, f (x) represents meansigma methodss, standard deviation or maximum;x1Represent load rope tensility, x2Represent contact line Power, x3Represent carrier cable line density, x4Represent contact line line density;F0Represent the intercept of equation;a1、a2、a3…c2、d1Expression side The regression coefficient of journey;The intercept and regression coefficient of regression equation, can be with the parameter level value of table 2, in Design-Expert softwares In be calculated;
The computing formula of Sobol sensitivity coefficients, it is as follows:
S1,2…n=D1,2…s/D(8)
Each rank sensitivity coefficient is satisfied byRelation, partial variance Di=∫ fi 2(xi) dxi,Population varianceSiIt is Single order sensitivity coefficient, represents influence degree of the single catenary's parameterses to contact pressure;Sensitivity coefficient is bigger, represents the ginseng Several influence degrees to contact pressure are bigger;SijFor second order sensitivity coefficient, the pairwise interaction pair of catenary's parameterses is represented The influence degree of contact pressure;
fi(xi) and fij(xi, xj) etc. be f (x1, x2..., xn) subitem, each subitem is satisfied by
Each subitem can be calculated by the following method;
f0=∫ f (x1,x2,…xn)dx1dx2…dxn (10)
fi(xi)=∫ f (x1,x2,…xn)dx1…dxi-1dxi+1-f0 (11)
fij(xi,xj)=∫ f (x1,x2,…xn)dx1…dxi-1dxi+1…dxj-1dxj+1-f0-fi(xi)-fj(xj) (12)
Step 5:For produced problem in step 1, with reference to step 3 and 4, change bow net parameter value;
Step 6:According to the contact net adjusted in step 5, in simulation software MSC.Marc, calculated, and drawn bow Net contact pressure;
Step 7:According to contact pressure value, contact pressure standard deviation value, meansigma methodss, maximum and ratio of contact loss are counted, and Contrasted with the regulation in respective standard, when value of calculation is in the range of standard regulation, then stopped optimization, and exported contact net With the parameter value of pantograph;Otherwise carry out step 8;
Standard specifies:
Tb10621-2014
The dynamic touch pressure standard of table 3
Design speed per hour (km/h) 250 300 350
Mean exposure power Fm(N) ≤130 ≤150 ≤180
Maximum unilateral force Fmax(N) ≤250 ≤250 ≤350
Minimal-contact power Fmin(N) >0 >0 >0
Ratio of contact loss ≤ 1% ≤ 1% ≤ 1%
EN50318 standards
The prescribed limit of the bow net simulation result statistical data of table 4 and EN50318 standards
Due to when and the stage still without speed be more than 400km/h when relevant criterion, when high speed pantograph-catenary current collection quality meet When low speed is required, you can to stop optimization;
Namely standard TB10621-2014, under the service condition of 350km/h, contact pressure meansigma methodss are not more than 180N, maximum is not more than 350N, and ratio of contact loss is not more than 1%;Specify in European standard EN50318, run speed per hour 300km/h bar Contact pressure standard deviation is less than 40N under part;
Step 8:Continue the parameter value for changing contact net or pantograph, if now still in the scope of its maximum pull-off force It is interior, then repeat step 6 and 7;Otherwise, then step 9 is carried out;
Step 9:The whether altered all of parameter value of parameter is first determined whether, if it is not, continuing to adjust next Parameter value, then proceeds by step 8;Otherwise carry out step 10;
Step 10:Under conditions of all parameters are adjusted, if each index is still unsatisfactory for the requirement of standard, last On the basis of parameter value is obtained, other parameters are added again, re-start EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, and repeat step 2-9;
Step 11:Repeat all of above step, each index is met after relevant criterion requirement, terminates optimization, and is exported All of bow net parameter value.
Test example
In the embodiment of the present invention, with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, test is optimized to contact net and pantograph parameters.
In order to reduce the speed of service for 500km/h when contact pressure standard deviation value, maximum and ratio of contact loss, adopt first Judge the optimization direction of catenary's parameterses with the Spearman rank correlation coefficients method in step 3, as shown in table 5 and table 6;
The example factor level table of table 5
The correlation coefficient of the example of table 6
Then, using the Sobol methods in step 4, the optimization order for standard deviation and each parameter of maximum is judged,
Such as accompanying drawing 5.As can be observed from the foregoing, for standard deviation, need increase contact line tension, reduce contact line line density With load rope tensility, increase carrier cable line density;For maximum, need increase contact line tension, reduce load rope tensility and Contact line line density, increase carrier cable line density, and propose the prioritization scheme such as subordinate list 7;
The policy scheme of the example of table 7
Optimization step sequence number Change parameter Parameter designing
0 Nothing Tc=21kN, Tj=27kN, mc=1.08kg/m, mj=1.08kg/m.
1 Tj Tc=21kN, Tj=34kN, mc=1.08kg/m, mj=1.08kg/m.
2 Tj、mj Tc=21kN, Tj=34kN, mc=1.08kg/m, mj=0.758kg/m.
3 Tj、mj、Tc Tc=14kN, Tj=34kN, mc=1.08kg/m, mj=0.758kg/m.
As can be drawn from Table 7 such as the actual effect figure in Fig. 6 and 7, it can be seen that by the way that catenary's parameterses are altered in steps Afterwards, the standard deviation of contact pressure is reduced to 40N or so;The meansigma methodss of contact pressure are in the range of 70~110N;Contact pressure Maximum is reduced to below 250N;Ratio of contact loss is reduced to less than 1%.As can be seen that the later contact pressure of optimization respectively refers to Mark, in the prescribed limit of EN50318 standards and TB10621-2014 standards.
From example as can be seen that on the basis of Optimizing Flow of the present invention, can connect so that optimization current carrying quality is good Net-fault structure.The explanation of above example is only intended to help and understands the method for the present invention and its core concept;Simultaneously for ability The those skilled in the art in domain, according to the thought of the present invention, will change in specific embodiments and applications.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, Er Qie In the case of spirit or essential attributes without departing substantially from the present invention, the present invention can be in other specific forms realized.Therefore, no matter From the point of view of which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power Profit is required rather than described above is limited, it is intended that all in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim by falling Change is included in the present invention.Any reference in claim should not be considered as and limit involved claim.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of optimization method of the contact net and pantograph parameters based on sensitivity analysis, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly:
Step 1:For design or initial bow net model, bow net contact pressure when being run according to bullet train, calculate and connect Touch pressure meansigma methodss, standard deviation, maximum and minima, analyze produced problem;
Contact pressure meansigma methodss:
F &OverBar; = 1 n &Sigma; i = 1 n F i - - - ( 1 )
Contact pressure standard deviation:
F s t d = 1 n &Sigma; i = 1 n ( F i - F &OverBar; ) 2 - - - ( 2 )
Contact pressure maximum:
Fmax=Max (Fi) (3)
Contact pressure minima:
Fmin=Min (Fi) (4)
In formula (1)-(4), FiRepresent the contact pressure value (N) of each sample point;N is sampling number;
Step 2:With current contact net-pantograph structure as initial model, by it is central composite design enter line parameter level Value design, draws the parameter combination of multifactor five level, and each parameter level value set;The contact after standardization is represented respectively Net and pantograph design parameter Zi, i=1,2 ... n, n are bow net number of parameters;
Step 3:The parameter level combination drawn according to more than, contact net is calculated and by electricity using Spearman rank correlation coefficients method Bow parameter and contact pressure between correlation coefficient, and the sign determination parameter according to correlation coefficient to it is related between contact pressure Property,
&rho; = 1 - 6 &Sigma; ( b j - a j ) 2 n ( n 2 - 1 ) - - - ( 5 )
ρ represents rank correlation coefficient, and -1≤ρ≤1;N is the number of times of l-G simulation test;aj、bjBow net parameter and contact pressure are represented respectively The order of the set level value of power index, 1≤j≤n;
Step 4:Using Sobol methods, the sensitivity coefficient of contact net and pantograph parameters to contact pressure is calculated, judge the parameter Influence degree to contact pressure, so that it is determined that the optimization order of parameter when carrying out bow net parameter optimization,
S 12... n = D i 1 i 2 ... i s / D - - - ( 6 )
Each rank sensitivity coefficient is satisfied byRelation;
Wherein, partial variancePopulation varianceSi is single order sensitivity coefficient, represents single contact net and pantograph parameters Influence degree to contact pressure;SijFor second order sensitivity coefficient, the pairwise interaction of contact net and pantograph parameters is represented Influence degree to contact pressure;
Step 5:For produced problem in step 1, with reference to step 3 and 4, change bow net parameter value;
Step 6:According to the contact net and pantograph parameters that adjust in step 5, in simulation software, calculated, and drawn bow Net contact pressure;
Step 7:According to contact pressure value, contact pressure standard deviation value, meansigma methodss, maximum, minima and ratio of contact loss are counted, And contrasted with the regulation in respective standard, when value of calculation is in the range of standard regulation, then stop optimization, and export contact The parameter value of net and pantograph;Otherwise carry out step 8;
Step 8:Continue the parameter value for changing contact net or pantograph, if now still in the range of its maximum pull-off force, Then repeat step 6 and 7;Otherwise, then step 9 is carried out;
Step 9:The whether altered all of parameter value of parameter is first determined whether, if it is not, continuing to adjust next parameter Value, then proceeds by step 8;Otherwise carry out step 10;
Step 10:Under conditions of all parameters are adjusted, if each index is still unsatisfactory for the requirement of standard, in final parameter On the basis of being worth, other parameters are added again, re-start EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, and repeat step 2-9;
Step 11:Repeat all of above step, each index is met after relevant criterion requirement, terminate optimization, and export all Bow net parameter value.
2. the optimization method of the contact net and pantograph parameters based on sensitivity analysis according to claim 1, its feature It is, in the step (3), as rank correlation coefficient ρ > 0, bow net parameter and contact pressure positive correlation;As rank correlation coefficient ρ During < 0, contact pressure is changing into negative correlation with bow net parameter.
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WO2019091442A1 (en) * 2017-11-09 2019-05-16 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 Pantograph head balancing structure of pantograph having small rotation angle, pantograph head and design method thereof
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CN108229045B (en) * 2018-01-16 2021-05-04 西南交通大学 High-speed pantograph key parameter identification method based on sensitivity analysis
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