CN106597242B - High-tension line insulation detection device - Google Patents
High-tension line insulation detection device Download PDFInfo
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
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Abstract
The application proposes high-tension line insulation detection device.It include: before the not upper high pressure of high-tension line, square-wave generator generates the square-wave signal that the period is 2T, and square-wave signal is input to RC oscillating circuit, so that capacitor C is charged during the high level of square wave continues, and so that capacitor C is discharged during the low level of square wave continues；The voltage V of K point of the voltage acquisition module between the first setting moment acquisition resistance R and capacitor C during square wave high level continuesk_high, and the voltage V of the second setting moment acquisition K point during square wave low level continuesk_low, by collected Vk_high、Vk_lowIt is sent to processor module；Processor module calculates Vk_highAnd Vk_lowDifference, the insulating resistance value for calculating insulating point to be detected according to the difference of the two and being grounded between platform reports high-voltage isulation failure to alarm modules if insulating resistance value is less than default secure threshold.The application is simple, efficient, at low cost, and can easily be transplanted to any insulating point to be detected, realizes efficient multipoint measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of insulation performance detection, in particular to an insulation detection device for a high-voltage line.
Background
In recent years, the power storage battery of the electric automobile develops from a low-end 90V to a high-end 350V and even higher power supply voltage platform, so the high-voltage safety must be considered first, and simultaneously, higher requirements on vehicle insulation detection are put forward. Generally, the working environment of the vehicle is complex and variable, and the influence of the external environment or the improper use of the vehicle can cause the reduction of the insulation performance of the high-voltage line of the vehicle and even the leakage of electricity, which can cause serious threats to the personal and property safety, so that the insulation condition of the electric vehicle must be monitored, and a reminding indication is given to a user.
A resistance voltage division calculation method is mostly adopted in the insulation detection method of the electric automobile at the present stage, and the method belongs to the field of passive insulation detection. The combination of voltage dividing circuits of a high-voltage system with different positive and negative buses to ground is generally designed, resistors with known sizes are incorporated into the circuits, and the size of the insulation resistor is calculated through the voltage attenuation characteristics of the high-voltage buses and a vehicle body platform.
The other method is a signal injection mode, and belongs to the field of active insulation detection methods. In the method, a controller is used as a signal source, and voltage signals are injected into an electrical system among the signal source, a high-voltage line and a vehicle body platform to complete the related calculation work of the insulation resistance. The electrical systems are typically R-R circuits and R-C circuits. The R-R circuit is a voltage division loop formed by a vehicle high-voltage line, a signal source and a vehicle body platform, and the size of the insulation resistance is solved according to the characteristics of the voltage division circuit by respectively injecting positive and negative voltages with known sizes.
The passive insulation test method is stable and widely applied, but the whole measurement process firstly requires the battery to output high voltage to a line, the insulation condition before the high voltage is not obtained, and the insulation fault of the system cannot be positioned; on the other hand, when the positive and negative insulation performance of the battery is reduced, the alarm cannot be given in time.
The active insulation R-R detection mode needs to build a positive signal source and a negative signal source, has higher requirements on a constructed circuit, and has huge and complex circuit during multipoint measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-voltage line insulation detection device, which is used for realizing simple and efficient high-voltage line insulation detection.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a high voltage line insulation detection apparatus, the apparatus comprising: RC oscillating circuit, square wave generator, voltage acquisition module and processor module of constituteing by resistance R and electric capacity C series connection, wherein:
the utility model discloses a detection and insulation point A that waits that RC oscillation circuit's electric capacity C's one end is connected and is located between high-voltage line and the ground connection platform, and electric capacity C's the other end is connected with resistance R, and resistance R's the other end is connected with square wave generator, and voltage acquisition module is connected to any point K between resistance R and the electric capacity C, and the other end of voltage acquisition module is connected with the processor module, and the other end and the alarm module of processor module are connected, wherein:
before the high-voltage line is not connected with high voltage, the square wave generator generates a square wave signal with the period of 2T, the square wave signal comprises a high-level signal with the length of T and a low-level signal with the length of T, and the square wave signal is input into the RC oscillating circuit, so that: charging the capacitor C in the high level duration of the square wave, and discharging the capacitor C in the low level duration of the square wave;
the voltage acquisition module acquires voltage V of a point K at a first set moment in a square wave high level durationk_highAnd collecting the voltage V of the point K at a second set moment in the duration of the low level of the square wavek_lowV to be collectedk_high、Vk_lowSending to the processor module;
processor module calculates Vk_highAnd Vk_lowAnd calculating the insulation resistance value between the insulation point to be detected and the grounding platform according to the difference value of the insulation point to be detected and the grounding platform, and reporting the high-voltage insulation fault to an alarm module if the insulation resistance value is smaller than a preset safety threshold value.
The voltage acquisition module acquires voltage Vk_highThe first set time of (a) is: the middle time of the high level duration;
the voltage acquisition module acquires voltage Vk_lowThe second set time of (2) is: the middle time of the low duration.
And the amplification module is used for amplifying the square wave signal output by the square wave generator and then outputting the amplified square wave signal to the RC oscillation circuit.
The processor module calculates the insulation resistance value between the insulation point to be detected and the grounding platform, and comprises the following steps:
calculating the insulation resistance value R between the insulation point to be detected and the grounding platform according to the following formulains：
Wherein E is the voltage applied to the RC oscillating circuit by the high level signal of the square wave signal, R is the resistance value of the resistor R, C is the capacitance value of the capacitor C, thighFor the first set time, tlowAnd setting the second set time.
The processor module is further configured to pre-compute and store the difference (V)k_high-Vk_low) Is taken to correspond to RinsThe values of, and,
the calculation of the insulation resistance value between the insulation point to be detected and the grounding platform is as follows:
according to the calculated V sent by the voltage acquisition modulek_highAnd Vk_lowTo directly find the R corresponding to the differenceinsThe value is obtained.
The period 2T of the square wave generator for generating the square wave signal is 20ms, the resistance value of the resistor R is 100K omega, and the capacitance value of the capacitor C is 0.2 muF.
And when the insulating points to be detected are multiple and the insulating resistance values between the insulating points to be detected and the grounding platform are not less than a preset safety threshold value, selecting the minimum insulating resistance value from the insulating resistance values of the insulating points to be detected to display the minimum insulating resistance value to a manager.
The device is located on an electric vehicle, the high-voltage line is a high-voltage line on the electric vehicle, and the grounding platform is a vehicle body platform.
The invention adopts the R-C circuit injection mode to detect the insulation performance of the high-voltage line, is simple, efficient and low in cost, and can be conveniently transplanted to any insulation point to be detected, thereby realizing efficient multipoint measurement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic composition diagram of a high-voltage line insulation detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the square wave signal output by the square wave generator and the variation of the voltage at the point K;
FIG. 3 is a drawing showing (V) provided in the present applicationk_high-Vk_low) AndRinsan example diagram of the corresponding relationship of (a);
fig. 4 is an application example of the high-voltage line insulation detection device provided by the present application in relay insulation diagnosis and battery pack insulation diagnosis.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic composition diagram of a high-voltage line insulation detection device provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the device mainly includes: RC oscillation circuit 11, square wave generator 12, voltage acquisition module 13, processor module 14 and alarm module 15, wherein:
the RC oscillating circuit 11 is formed by connecting a resistor R and a capacitor C in series. Wherein,
one end of a capacitor C is connected with an insulation point to be detected (point A in figure 1) between the high-voltage line and the grounding platform, and the other end of the capacitor C is connected with a resistor R;
one end of the resistor R is connected with the capacitor C, and the other end of the resistor R is connected with the square wave generator 12.
One end of the voltage acquisition module 13 is connected to any point (K point in fig. 1) between the resistor R and the capacitor C, and the other end of the voltage acquisition module 13 is connected to the processor module 14.
One end of the processor module 14 is connected with the voltage acquisition module 13, and the other end of the processor module 14 is connected with the alarm module 15.
Before the high voltage line is not applied with high voltage, the square wave generator 12 generates a square wave signal with a period of 2T, which includes: a high level signal having a length T and a low level signal having a length T, which are input to the RC oscillation circuit 11, so that: charging the capacitor C during the high level duration of the square wave, and discharging the capacitor C during the low level duration of the square wave;
voltage acquisition module13 at a first set time t during the high level duration of the square wavehighVoltage V of collecting K pointk_highAt a second set time t during the low level duration of the square wavelowVoltage V of collecting K pointk_lowAnd collecting Vk_high、Vk_lowSent to the processor module 14 in real time;
first set time thighFor example: intermediate time of high voltage duration, second set time tlowFor example: the middle of the low voltage duration.
The processor module 14 receives the V acquired by the voltage acquisition module 13k_high、Vk_lowAccording to Vk_high、Vk_lowCalculating the insulation resistance value R between the insulation point to be detected and the grounding platforminsIf R isinsIf the voltage is less than the preset safety threshold, reporting the high-voltage insulation fault to the alarm module 15;
the alarm module 15 sends out a high voltage insulation alarm when receiving the high voltage insulation fault sent by the processor module 14.
Specifically, the processor module 14 calculates the insulation resistance value R between the insulation point to be detected and the vehicle body platform according to the following formulains：
Wherein E is the voltage applied to the RC oscillating circuit 11 by the square-wave high-level signal, E is the square-wave high-level voltage in fig. 1, R is the resistance value of the resistor R, C is the capacitance value of the capacitor C, thighT is more than or equal to 0 at the moment of collecting the voltage of the K point during the high level duration of the square wavehigh<T，tlowT is less than or equal to T when the voltage of K point is acquired during the low level duration of the square wavelow<2T，Vk_highVoltage, V, at point K acquired for duration of high level of square wavek_lowThe voltage of the K point collected during the low level duration of the square wave.
The principle of the above formula (1) is as follows:
taking the circuit shown in fig. 1 as an example, when I represents the current passing through the resistor R during the period of generating the square wave with the period of 2T by the square wave generator 12, then:
before the square wave generator 12 generates the square wave signal, an initial voltage V exists at point A0Wherein V is applied when the high voltage line is not high voltage0When the voltage is 0, the following relation is obtained according to kirchhoff's voltage law:
the laplace transform of equation (2) yields the current i (t) as follows:
when the square wave signal is at high level, the capacitor C is charged, and at any time t in the duration of the high levelhigh(0≤thigh<T), voltage V at point Kk_highThe following were used:
when t ishighWhen the voltage is equal to the square wave high level period T, the capacitor C obtains the maximum charge amount, and the voltage at the two ends of the capacitor C reaches the maximum valueVc _max：
During the low level duration of the square wave, the capacitor C is referenced by the reference voltageVc _maxIs discharged to the outside at any time t during the low level duration of the square wavelow(T≤tlow<2T), voltage V at point Kk_lowThe following were used:
to this end, formula (4) and formula (6) can be combined to obtain formula (1):
it can be seen that any time t is acquired as long as the square wave high level durationhigh(0≤thigh<Voltage V at point K) at T)k_highAnd collects any time t during the low level duration of the square wavelow(T≤tlow<Voltage V at point K at 2T)k_lowR can be calculatedins。
In practical applications, t may be taken to simplify the calculationhigh＝T/2，tlow＝3T/2。
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the square wave signal output by the square wave generator 12 and the voltage at the point K, where the square wave signal output by the square wave generator 12 is shown at the upper part and the voltage at the point K is shown at the lower part.
In practical applications, different values (V) can be calculated in advance to increase the calculation speedk_high-Vk_low) Corresponding RinsAnd stores the corresponding relationship in the processor module 14, so that the processor module 14 receives the voltage V at the point K in the high level duration of the square wave acquired by the voltage acquisition module 13k_highAnd a voltage V at point K during the low level duration of the square wavek_lowThen, it can be based on (V)k_high-Vk_low) Directly finding out corresponding R in stored corresponding relationins。
FIG. 3 is a drawing showing (V) provided in the present applicationk_high-Vk_low) And RinsWherein the abscissa is (V)k_high-Vk_low) In v (volts) and the ordinate RinsIn m Ω (mega ohms).
In addition, when the voltage output by the square wave generator 12 is not enough to drive the RC oscillating circuit 11, an amplifying module may be connected in series between the square wave generator 12 and the RC oscillating circuit 11 to amplify the square wave signal output by the square wave generator 12 and output the amplified signal to the RC oscillating circuit 11.
In the application, values of the resistor R and the capacitor C are generally considered comprehensively according to the insulation precision requirement interval of the vehicle system and the insulation reporting time. In one embodiment, the square wave period 2T is selected to be 20ms, the resistor R is selected to be 100k Ω (kilo ohms), the value of the capacitor C considers the influence of parasitic capacitance existing between vehicle bodies, and the value of the capacitor C is usually about 0.1uF greater than the design value, such as: the capacitance C was chosen to be 0.2 μ F (microfarads).
The application provides a high-voltage line insulation detection device light weight is reliable, can transplant to any very conveniently and wait to detect the insulating point, realizes high-efficient multiple spot and measures, can accomplish the detection of the different insulating condition of a plurality of check points simultaneously, fixes a position electric leakage fault interval according to detecting the result.
Fig. 4 is an application example of the high-voltage line insulation detection device provided by the present application in relay insulation diagnosis and battery pack insulation diagnosis. The insulation points 1-n (n is an integer greater than 1) to be detected correspond to the point a in fig. 1, which is equivalent to injecting high-frequency signals at different line segments of the high-voltage line, so that the high-voltage line detects the insulation resistance condition of the high-voltage line of the electric vehicle to the ground in a segmented manner, and the segmented accurate positioning is realized. Whether the working state of the relay is abnormal or not can be analyzed by comparing the insulation resistance characteristics of the insulation points 1 and 2 to be detected; when the method is applied to the battery pack, the insulation conditions of two observation points, namely an insulation point n-1 to be detected and a point n can be compared, and the insulation fault of the battery monomer can be quickly positioned.
The application provides an on high voltage transmission lines insulation detection device can be applied to electric vehicle, at this moment, high voltage transmission lines are the last high voltage transmission lines of electric vehicle, and ground platform is the automobile body platform.
In practical application, when insulation detection is performed on a plurality of points at the same time, that is, when a plurality of insulation points to be detected are detected, the processor module 14 selects the minimum insulation resistance value from the insulation resistance values of the insulation points to be detected to the ground platform to display the minimum insulation resistance value to an administrator when it is determined that the insulation resistance values from the insulation points to be detected to the ground platform are not less than the preset safety threshold value.
The beneficial technical effects of this application are as follows:
the insulation performance of the high-voltage line is detected by adopting an R-C circuit injection mode, the method is simple to realize, high-efficiency and low in cost, the insulation condition of the high-voltage line can be obtained before high voltage is applied, and the leakage prevention capability is further improved; and can be conveniently transplanted to any insulating point to be detected, thereby realizing high-efficiency multipoint measurement.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A high-voltage line insulation detection device, characterized in that, the device includes: RC oscillating circuit (11) that comprises resistance R and electric capacity C series connection, square wave generator (12), voltage acquisition module (13), processor module (14) and alarm module (15), wherein:
the utility model provides a detection that RC oscillation circuit (11) in electric capacity C's one end is connected and is located between high tension line and the ground connection platform insulating point (A) wait, electric capacity C's the other end is connected with resistance R, resistance R's the other end is connected with square wave generator (12), arbitrary point K between resistance R and the electric capacity C connects voltage acquisition module (13), other end connection processor module (14) of voltage acquisition module (13), the other end and alarm module (15) of processor module (14) are connected, wherein:
before the high-voltage line is not connected with high voltage, a square wave generator (12) generates a square wave signal with the period of 2T, the square wave signal comprises a high-level signal with the length of T and a low-level signal with the length of T, and the square wave signal is input to an RC oscillating circuit (11), so that: charging the capacitor C in the high level duration of the square wave, and discharging the capacitor C in the low level duration of the square wave;
the voltage acquisition module (13) acquires the voltage V of the point K at a first set moment in the duration of the square wave high levelk_highAnd collecting the voltage V of the point K at a second set moment in the duration of the low level of the square wavek_lowV to be collectedk_high、Vk_lowTo a processor module (14);
the processor module (14) calculates Vk_highAnd Vk_lowAnd calculating the insulation resistance value between the insulation point to be detected and the grounding platform according to the difference value of the two, and reporting the high-voltage insulation fault to an alarm module (15) if the insulation resistance value is smaller than a preset safety threshold value.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the voltage acquisition module (13) acquires a voltage Vk_highThe first set time of (a) is: the middle time of the high level duration;
the voltage acquisition module (13) acquires a voltage Vk_lowThe second set time of (2) is: the middle time of the low duration.
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein an amplifying module is connected in series between the square wave generator (12) and the RC oscillating circuit (11), and the amplifying module is used for amplifying the square wave signal output by the square wave generator (12) and outputting the amplified square wave signal to the RC oscillating circuit (11).
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processor module (14) calculates the value of the insulation resistance between the insulation point to be detected and the ground platform comprises:
calculating the insulation resistance value R between the insulation point to be detected and the grounding platform according to the following formulains：
Wherein E is the voltage applied to the RC oscillating circuit (11) by the high level signal of the square wave signal, R is the resistance value of the resistor R, C is the capacitance value of the capacitor C, thighFor the first set time, tlowAnd setting the second set time.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the processor module (14) is further configured to pre-compute and store the different (V)k_high-Vk_low) Is taken to correspond to RinsThe values of, and,
the calculation of the insulation resistance value between the insulation point to be detected and the grounding platform is as follows:
according to the calculated V sent by the voltage acquisition module (13)k_highAnd Vk_lowTo directly find the R corresponding to the differenceinsThe value is obtained.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the square wave generator (12) generates a square wave signal with a period 2T of 20ms, the resistance of the resistor R is 100K Ω, and the capacitance of the capacitor C is 0.2 μ F.
7. The device according to claim 1, wherein when the number of the insulation points to be detected is plural and the insulation resistance values between the plurality of insulation points to be detected and the grounding platform are not less than a preset safety threshold, a minimum insulation resistance value is selected from the insulation resistance values of the plurality of insulation points to be detected and displayed to an administrator.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is located on an electric vehicle, the high voltage line is a high voltage line on the electric vehicle, and the ground platform is a vehicle body platform.
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| CN107037291B (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2024-03-19 | 华北电力大学（保定） | System and method for detecting and positioning 20kHz square wave signal |
| CN108445397B (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2020-08-18 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Parameter selection method and device for insulation detection circuit and storage medium |
| CN110221126B (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2021-07-16 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Insulation impedance detection system and detection method |
| CN109470925B (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2021-11-02 | 上海科梁信息科技股份有限公司 | Insulation resistance measuring circuit and system |
| CN110187180B (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2022-01-07 | 杭州神驹科技有限公司 | Method for detecting vehicle resistance value |
| CN110703048B (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2022-04-12 | 力高(山东)新能源技术有限公司 | Self-adaptive method for insulation monitoring time of electric automobile |
| CN111060812B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-09 | 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 | Detection circuit and detection method |
| WO2021248501A1 (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-12-16 | 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 | Electrostatic discharge protection circuit and chip provided with electrostatic discharge protection circuit |
| CN113075878B (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2024-06-04 | 北京航天自动控制研究所 | Redundancy control system based on fault prediction |
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| JP2009085830A (en) * | 2007-10-01 | 2009-04-23 | Toyota Industries Corp | Insulation resistance deterioration detector for industrial vehicle |
| CN102539917A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2012-07-04 | 河北深海电器有限公司 | Measurer for insulation resistance of direct-current high-voltage system for vehicle and method |
| CN103499744A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-01-08 | 郑州日产汽车有限公司 | Electric automobile insulation resistance on-line monitoring method based on frequency response |
| CN204269734U (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-15 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | One is high-voltage insulation monitoring device independently |
| CN104569720A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 安徽天健环保车辆部件有限公司 | Measurement circuit and method for insulation monitoring instrument fault circuit |
| CN104865506B (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2017-11-14 | 王运国 | A kind of insulation detection device of DC electrical system |
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