CN106591528A - Iron-containing material treating system and application thereof to treatment of iron-containing materials - Google Patents
Iron-containing material treating system and application thereof to treatment of iron-containing materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN106591528A CN106591528A CN201610964760.3A CN201610964760A CN106591528A CN 106591528 A CN106591528 A CN 106591528A CN 201610964760 A CN201610964760 A CN 201610964760A CN 106591528 A CN106591528 A CN 106591528A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses an iron-containing material treating system and an application thereof to treatment of iron-containing materials. The system comprises a mixing system, a forming system, a drying system, a roasting system and a heating and smelting furnace system, wherein a discharging hole of the mixing system communicates with a feeding hole of the forming system, a discharging hole of the forming system communicates with a feeding hole of the drying system, a discharging hole of the drying system communicates with a feeding hole of the roasting system, and a discharging hole of the roasting system communicates with a feeding hole of the heating and smelting furnace system. The system disclosed by the invention is suitable for treating iron-containing materials such as iron ores, laterite nickel ores, vanadium titano-magnetites, metallurgical dust and non-ferrous smelting slag and has the advantages of low smelting cost, environment friendliness, high product quality, wide raw material applicability, high recovery rate and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the system for processing ferrous material, further to application of the system in ferrous material is processed,
Belong to the process field of ferrous material.
Background technology
Generally the slag sluicing system of ferrous material is realized using blast furnace and electric furnace etc. at present.Blast furnace is a kind of upright type of furnace, is fitted
For processing acid pellet or sintering deposit, and also when being smelted iron using it, Technological Economy need to be there is using coke as raw material
Index is good, process is simple, and volume of production is big, and labor productivity is high, low power consumption and other advantages, but blast furnace there is also to entering stove thing
That what is expected has high demands, coking coal, energy consumption need to be used higher and the low shortcoming of efficiency of energy utilization；Electric furnace is that the electric energy in stove is converted into
Heating furnace of the heat to workpiece heat, its advantage has furnace atmosphere to be easily controlled, and material heating is fast, and heating-up temperature is high, produces
Journey is easier to realize mechanization and automatization that labour health condition is good, and the thermal efficiency is high, good product quality, and more environmentally-friendly, but electric furnace
Obvious shortcoming is similarly there is, such as controller switching equipment is costly, power cost is high and should be noted the problems such as insulating.
The Chinese invention patent of Patent No. ZL200810079930.5 provide a kind of method of smelting iron in arc furnace and
Device, smelting furnace part includes body of heater 2, bell 10, charging (feeding) equipment and discharging equipment, and molten iron outflow port 9 is arranged at the bottom of body of heater 2.Stove
There are three electrode jacks 12 on lid 10, electrode 1 is inserted respectively, each of three electrodes jack is in triangular distribution.Outer a pair of the heating of body of heater 2
Stove 5a, 5b and a pair of thermophores 6a, 6b, both sides of two heating furnace relative positions outside body of heater 2.Heating furnace is by connection
Mouth 4 is connected with the body of heater 2 of electric arc furnace, and gas can flow back and forth in connector.One end of thermophore 6a, 6b and heating furnace connect
Connect, the other end is connected respectively with aerator 8 and exhaust system.Heating furnace is provided with burner, and combustion air pipeline and fuel conduit connect
It is connected to burner.Four tunnels of the outlet of aerator 8 point, are connected respectively with two heating furnaces and two thermophores, and valve is housed per road.
The fuel conduit being connected with heating furnace and it is also equipped with valve on the waste gas discharge pipeline being connected with thermophore.Two heating furnaces replace
Burning fuel and bubbing, two thermophores replace accumulation of heat and heat release.Bubbing is in metal iron oxides reduction process
The gas of generation, wherein containing substantial amounts of CO, H2.The heat storage 7 of the thermophore is ceramic ball body.The body of heater and stove of electric arc furnace
Cover as steel construction.The body of heater 2 and bell 10, are tightly connected between electrode 1 and bell 10 for water collar.Electric arc furnace is equipped with pressure
Antiaircraft valve 11 is used as explosion-protection equipment；Major defect existing for the electric arc furnace is as follows：
(1) in melting burner hearth, on the one hand because thermal current in heating furnace or even flame are entered in smelting furnace burner hearth directly
Graphite electrode is blown, it will wash away electrode material and cause consumption of electrode to accelerate；Another aspect thermal current is in smelting furnace row
The stop of electrode is run on inbound path, it will cause the disorder of air-flow.
(2) a large amount of gases will be produced in the metal-oxide reduction process, it is unavoidable to produce a large amount of foamed slags,
These foamed slags Jing heating furnaces after floating enter the thermal current of smelting furnace burner hearth and drive and will make with Airflow obstruction ventilation shaft
It is not smooth into producing.
(3) in heating furnace mainly by the bubbing in smelting furnace as combustion gas, its growing amount with material and coal,
The change of the proportionings such as coke has very great fluctuation process, causes the unstability burnt, and affects the control of in-furnace temperature.Due to combustible gas
Body is uncontrollable in amount, is likely to result in explosion accident.
(4) fuel gas is burnt with combustion air in heating furnace, rather than is directly carried out in smelting furnace burner hearth
Burning, unavoidably causes thermal loss, and heat utilization ratio is not high.
The Chinese invention patent of Patent No. ZL201020682060.3 discloses a kind of gas heat accumulating type melting furnace, including
Calciner 1, holding furnace 10.The burner hearth bottom of calciner 1 is higher than the burner hearth bottom of holding furnace 10, and the burner hearth bottom of calciner 1 leads to
Cross skewed slot 11 to connect with the burner hearth bottom of holding furnace 10.A set of burner is respectively equipped with calciner 1 and holding furnace 10；Molten
Aluminium liquid in solution stove 1 is concentrated after thawing, and Jing skewed slots 11 flow into the inside holding of holding furnace 10, are all fired using combustion gas in two burner hearths
Burn heating.Major defect existing for the gas heat accumulating type melting furnace is as follows：
(1) have the shortcomings that combustion gas smelting furnace is intrinsic, using radiant heat transfer, the thermal efficiency is low, it is difficult to realize higher molten bath,
Bed utilization rate is low, it is difficult to realize large-scale.
(2) it is mainly for the melting of aluminium ingot, and adaptability to raw materials is narrower, when the larger material of dregginess is processed, due to molten
Slag will float over metal liquid phase top, and slag heat conductivity itself is very poor, it will greatly stop heat from burner hearth to metal phase
Conduction, causes thermal state metal to be deteriorated with slag contacts surface mass-and heat-transfer, it is most likely that to cause thermal state metal to separate with slag tired
Difficulty, and produce the situation that metal recovery rate is reduced so that productivity effect is not good.
The Chinese invention patent of Application No. 200910075372.X discloses a kind of heat storage type electric arc furnace deoxy iron-smelting
Device, including electric arc furnace body (4), electrode (2), bell (1) and the equipment for matching, charging (feeding) equipment and discharging equipment, 2～8
Platform combustor (11a, 11b) and 2～8 thermophores (12a, 12b), are equipped with heat storage (13) in thermophore；The thermophore
One end is connected with combustor, and the other end is connected respectively with exhaust system and aerator (14), and described device is additionally provided with 2～8 coals
Gasification case (9a, 9b), between electric arc furnace body and combustor, is provided with 1～10 layer of coal grid (10), coal in coal gasification case
Built with coal dust or lump coal or honeycomb briquette, the top of coal gasification case is provided with the socket of coal grid to grid；The coal gasification case is provided with
Bypass (5), the outlet of coal gasification case, entrance and bypass are provided with valve (6).The device of the heat storage type electric arc furnace deoxy iron-smelting is deposited
Major defect it is as follows：
(1) still with electrode as heating element heater, therefore its energy consumption is still higher；
(2) fail to realize that using different fusing separate modes, therefore the utilization ratio of the energy is not in different fusing sections
It is high.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of system of process ferrous material, and the system is suitable for iron ore, laterite
The ferrous materials such as nickel minerals, vanadium titano-magnetite, metallurgical dust, nonferrous smelting slag, with melting low cost, environmental friendliness, product matter
The advantages of amount is high, adaptability to raw materials is wide, the response rate is high.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for being used to process ferrous material by the system.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of system for processing ferrous material, including：Hybrid system, formation system, drying system, roasting system, heating
Melting furnace system；Wherein, hybrid system discharging opening is communicated with formation system feeding mouth, and formation system discharging opening enters with drying system
Material mouth is communicated, and drying system discharging opening is communicated with roasting system feeding mouth, and roasting system discharging opening enters with melting furnace system
Material mouth is communicated；
The melting furnace system includes furnace foundation, the refractory-lined ovens bottom being located on furnace foundation and body of heater, the body of heater
Including side wall, partition wall and furnace roof；The burner hearth of body of heater is divided into fusion zone and decanting zone, partition wall by the partition wall extended downwardly from furnace roof
Lower end is at regular intervals with refractory-lined ovens bottom, it is allowed to which the fluid melted in fusion zone flows to decanting zone；Wherein, decanting zone furnace bottom is less than
Fusion zone furnace bottom, fusion zone furnace bottom using tilting design, and one end adjacent with decanting zone it is downward-sloping and with decanting zone phase
It is logical；Charging aperture is provided with fusion zone away from the furnace roof of decanting zone one end；Burner is provided with fusion zone in relative both walls；
The graphite electrode through furnace roof is provided with decanting zone, the outlet and heat supply discharged for slag is respectively equipped with the bottom of decanting zone
The outlet that state metal is discharged.
Used as a kind of preferred structure of the present invention, in described decanting zone, relative both sides are arranged symmetrically two fusings
Area；The furnace bottom angle of inclination of fusion zone is between 3-5 °, it is ensured that the material after fusing can flow to partition wall direction, so as to finally enter
Enter to decanting zone.Decanting zone is run through on furnace roof graphite electrode and graphite electrode is inserted in molten bath, is protected using electric arc heated
Temperature simultaneously completes drastic reduction, it is ensured that the final separation of slag and thermal state metal.
Used as the preferred structure of another kind of the present invention, partition wall is highly 500～800mm with the distance at refractory-lined ovens bottom,
In this distance is interval, not only can ensure that melt smoothly flows into decanting zone from fusion zone, fusion zone and decanting zone can also be realized
The isolation of atmosphere and heat, it is ensured that the independence in two regions.If apart from too low, the flowing of melt can be hindered；If away from
From too high, the atmosphere of fusion zone and decanting zone mutually flows, and can cause the conduction of two region heats, it is impossible to which two regions are entered
The control respectively of trip temperature and atmosphere.
As the preferred structure of another kind of the present invention, export positioned at the middle and upper part of decanting zone, heat supply for what slag was discharged
The outlet that state metal is discharged is respectively positioned under the furnace bottom least significant end of fusion zone positioned at the bottom of decanting zone, and two outlets.
As the preferred structure of another kind of the present invention, heat storage type combustion is provided with relative both walls in fusion zone
Device, heat-storage type burner alternate blowing flame combustion, using material in high temperature conduction heating fusion zone, material start soften and most
End form is into flowable melt.Fusion zone furnace bottom is designed using tilting, it is ensured that flowable melt is between fusion zone and decanting zone
Partition wall side flowing.Partition wall has certain gap with refractory-lined ovens bottom, it is ensured that melt is entered in decanting zone.The fusion zone
Melting materialss are heated using combustion gas and the mixed combustion of high temperature combustion air, decanting zone adds heat fusing to separate metal using graphite electrode
With slag, it is further preferred that the combustion gas be fuel gas with low heat value.
Described heat-storage type burner includes burner, regenerator, aerator, flue, gas pipeline, flue gas and air
Common conduit, four-way change-over valve and air-introduced machine；Multiple burners are relative respectively to be located on the wall of described fusion zone opposite sides,
Burner is provided with gas pipeline, and burner is connected with the top of regenerator.
Preferably, the side wall of the body of heater, furnace roof and furnace foundation are built into using refractory material and refractory brick.
Preferably, cooling Copper Water Jacket is set inside the refractory material of side wall and furnace roof.
Invention further provides a kind of method for processing ferrous material using the system, including：
(1) ferrous material, reducing agent, additive are mixed in hybrid system；
(2) material of mix homogeneously is made into aqueous pelletizing in formation system；
(3) aqueous pelletizing is dried in drying system and obtains drying pelletizing；
(4) drying pelletizing is carried out into reduction roasting in roasting system, obtains metallized pellet；
(5) metallized pellet and additive are put into into fusion zone from the charging aperture of melting furnace, is arranged on fusion zone
The heat-storage type burner alternate blowing flame combustion of interior opposite sides makes material soften to form flowable melt and by partition wall
Opening enters into decanting zone；
Melt forms molten bath in decanting zone, using insertion molten bath graphite electrode heated, while with melt in
There is reduction reaction in metal-oxide, and slag and thermal state metal are finally recovered；Thermal state metal sinks down into bottom, by setting
Put the outlet in decanting zone bottom to discharge；Top is floated on slag, is discharged by being arranged on the outlet of middle and upper part of decanting zone.
By controlling heat-storage type burner in the fusion zone, it is ensured that the atmosphere in fusion zone is reducing atmosphere, so as to
Avoid metal to aoxidize in fusion process, affect recovering effect.
The temperature of control fusion zone is preferably 1300～1500 DEG C in step (3)；
The temperature in control settlement area is preferably 1500～1800 DEG C in step (4), and the time of staying of the material in decanting zone is controlled
It is made as 30～80min.
The main beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention
(1) the invention provides a kind of system for processing ferrous material and its application in ferrous material is processed, described
System includes：Hybrid system, formation system, drying system, roasting system and melting furnace system；Using the system of the present invention
And method processes iron ore, lateritic nickel ore, vanadium titano-magnetite, metallurgical dust, the ferrous material such as nonferrous smelting slag, with being smelted into
The advantages of this low, environmental friendliness, product quality are high, adaptability to raw materials is wide, the response rate is high.
(2) smelting furnace of described plus hot smelting system is arranged using body of heater subregion, be respectively equipped with interconnect still have every
Two fusion zones of wall and a decanting zone, are capable of achieving the precise control of fusion zone and decanting zone melting condition and atmosphere.Molten
Change area's melting materialss, complete that drastic reduction reacts and so that thermal state metal is separated with slag in decanting zone insulation molten bath.First by
Generally need to consume more than the 80% of fusing gross energy in the fusing of solid material, so adopting heat-storage type burner in fusion zone
Combustion gas provide heat, greatly reduce melting cost, it is to avoid using the expensive power energy (electric arc) as main heating
Source.And furnace bottom is designed using tilting in the area, it flow in decanting zone after material melting, the less height of bed of material holding (<
500mm), it is to avoid fuel gas buring heats the defect of poor thermal conduction.Secondly in decanting zone because institute's calorific requirement is less, using electric arc plus
Heat, it is ensured that higher melt pool height, improves smelting furnace monomer yield, it is to avoid fuel gas buring heated molten bath is highly difficult to carry
High defect.
(3) hot smelting system is added to adopt regenerative combustion technology in fusion zone, initially with temperature more than 1000 DEG C
High-temperature air combustion promoter, greatly reduce gas consumption, smoke discharge amount substantially reduce, improve melting in-furnace temperature (>1500
DEG C), exhaust gas temperature be reduced to less than 250 DEG C, the thermal efficiency it is high.Using low heat value (<3000Kcal/m3) coal gas, coal gas, especially
It can by the use of coal resources such as cheap, industrial brown coal jet coals without value as coal gas raw material, its into
Originally it is the 50% even lower of electricity price lattice.
(4) add hot smelting system to avoid in fusion zone using the fuel combustions such as coke heating, final products will not be made
Into the pollution of objectionable impurities elements.Follow-up refining cost is greatly reduced, value-added content of product is improved.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of process ferrous material and its application in ferrous material, its system bag
Include：Hybrid system, formation system, drying system, roasting system and melting furnace system；The melting furnace system is combined
The advantage of fuel gas buring melting furnace and electric arc heated smelting furnace, it is to avoid the shortcoming of both smelting furnaces.Using melting
Be divided into the fusion zone and decanting zone for interconnecting in stove, fusion zone furnace bottom adopts inclined design, furnace bottom angle of inclination 3-5 ° it
Between, and higher than decanting zone furnace bottom.The relatively thin bed of material is adopted in fusion zone, it is ensured that fuel gas buring heat transfer efficiency, in decanting zone, mining height melts
Pond operates, and improves smelting furnace monomer yield.Aided in using electric arc heated in decanting zone as fuel using combustion gas in fusion zone
Drastic reduction is incubated and is completed, production cost is greatly reduced, and it is higher that the lower slag of tenor, metal content is obtained
Thermal state metal product, melting cost is reduced, and smelting efficiency is improved, and good product quality, environmental friendliness has very high practical value.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 present invention processes the technological process of ferrous material.
Fig. 2 present invention processes the schematic diagram of the system of ferrous material.
Fig. 3 melting furnace schematic diagrams provided by the present invention；
Contained heat-storage type burner schematic diagram in Fig. 4 melting furnaces of the present invention；
Heat-storage type burner fundamental diagram after Fig. 5 commutations.
Description of reference numerals：1- furnace foundations, 2- refractory material furnace bottoms, 3- body of heater side walls, 4- partition walls, 5- furnace roofs, 6- chargings
Mouthful, 7- slag exits, 8- thermal state metals outlet, 9- heat-storage type burner burners, 10- regenerator, 10a, 10b- heat-storing material stores
Hot body, 11- aerators, 12- flues, 13a, 13b- gas pipeline, 14- graphite electrodes, 15- fusion zones, 16- decanting zones,
17- solid materials, 18- molten baths, 19a, 19b- flue gas and air common conduit, 20- four-way change-over valves, 21- flue gas processing devices,
22- air-introduced machines.
Specific embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, the invention provides a kind of system for processing ferrous material, including：Hybrid system S100, molding
System S200, drying system S300, roasting system S400 and melting furnace system S500；Wherein, hybrid system S100 goes out
Material mouth is communicated with the feeding mouth of formation system S200, the discharging opening of formation system S200 and the feeding mouth phase of drying system S300
Logical, the discharging opening of drying system S300 is communicated with the feeding mouth of roasting system S400, discharging opening and the heating of roasting system S400
The feeding mouth of melting furnace system S500 is communicated；
With reference to Fig. 3, melting furnace system S500 includes furnace foundation 1, refractory material furnace bottom 2, built-in cooling copper water
The body of heater side wall 3 being built into by refractory brick and refractory material of set, the partition wall 4 between fusion zone 15 and decanting zone 16 is located at
Furnace roof 5 above burner hearth, located at the charging aperture 6 of the top of 15 furnace roof of fusion zone 5, positioned at the lower section of decanting zone 16 slag exit 7 with
Thermal state metal outlet 8, the heat-storage type burner burner 9, the accumulation of heat inside regenerator 10 on the opposite sides wall of fusion zone 15
Body 10a, 10b, aerator 11, flue 12, gas pipeline 13a, 13b are placed in the graphite electrode 14 of the furnace roof 5 of decanting zone 16；
Smelting furnace is divided into fusion zone 15, decanting zone 16, and fusion zone 15 is arranged symmetrically in the both sides of decanting zone 16, and the furnace bottom of fusion zone 15 will height
In the furnace bottom of decanting zone 16.The furnace bottom of fusion zone 15 adopts tilting furnace bottom, furnace bottom angle of inclination between 3-5 ° to ensure fusing after
Material can flow to the direction of partition wall 4, so as to enter eventually into decanting zone 16.Solid material 17 puts into fusing by charging aperture 6
In area 15, the heat-storage type burner alternate blowing flame combustion of opposite sides in fusion zone 15 is molten using high temperature conduction heating
Change material in area 15, material starts to soften and ultimately form flowable melt.The furnace bottom of fusion zone 15 is designed using tilting, it is ensured that
Flow flowable melt to the side of partition wall 4 between fusion zone 15 and decanting zone 16.Have one with refractory-lined ovens bottom below partition wall 4
Set a distance, it is ensured that melt is entered in decanting zone 16.In decanting zone 16, by the melt composition liquid for constantly entering from fusion zone 15
The molten bath 18 of state, in decanting zone 16, through there is graphite electrode 14, graphite electrode 14 is inserted in molten bath 18, using electric arc furnace roof 5
Heating and thermal insulation simultaneously completes drastic reduction, it is ensured that the final separation of slag and thermal state metal, the slag after separation is by the row of slag exit 7
Go out, thermal state metal is discharged by thermal state metal outlet 8.
The operation principle of regenerative combustion technology is that the combustion gas that low cost is relied primarily in fusion zone is burnt, according to
By regenerative combustion technology, in-furnace temperature can be up to more than 1500 DEG C in the state of amount of consumed gas is relatively fewer.Store
Hot type burner primary structure as shown in figure 4, including being arranged in burner 9, regenerator 10 on the relative side wall in fusion zone, in accumulation of heat room
Heat storage 10a, 10b, gas pipeline 13a, 13b, flue gas and air common conduit 19a, 19b, four-way change-over valve 20, fume pipe
Road 12, flue gas processing device 21, aerator 11, air-introduced machine 22.
Fig. 4 shows the operation principle of heat-storage type burner, and when right side burner combustion, arrow represents that air-flow is walked in way
To.Cold conditions air is entered with air common conduit 19a by flue gas into after four-way change-over valve 20 via aerator 11 and is provided with storage
The regenerator of hot body 10a, now in the condition of high temperature, up to more than 1000 DEG C, main material can be honeybee to temperature to heat storage 10a
The high refractory material of the heat exchange efficiency such as nest body and Ceramic Balls.Cold conditions air is exchanged heat when heat storage 10a with it, cold conditions
Air is heated to form the high temperature air that temperature is up to 1000 DEG C, and heat storage 10a temperature is then gradually lowered.Now gas pipeline
13a is in open mode, and 13b is closed.Pass through after the combustion gas entered by gas pipeline 13a and high temperature air premixing
Burner is injected in fusion zone 15 and is burnt, and ignition temperature can reach more than 1500 DEG C.Due to the effect of air-introduced machine 22, melt
Change the high-temperature flue gas in area's internal furnace by drain into being provided with the regenerator of heat storage 10b, now heat storage 10b is in temperature
Compared with low state, temperature is below 500 DEG C, and its material is identical with front addressed heat storage 10a.Enter from the burner hearth of fusion zone
The heat storage 10b that high-temperature flue gas pass through low temperature, carries out the heat exchange of high-temperature flue gas and heat storage, and heat storage 10b is gradually heated to
More than 1000 DEG C, and high-temperature flue gas are cooled to less than 250 DEG C, by flue gas and air common conduit 19b and four-way change-over valve
Flue 12 is entered after 20, Jing after flue gas processing device 21 air is entered.After certain hour, gas pipeline 13a first
Close, afterwards four-way change-over valve 20 commutates, operation principle is as shown in figure 5, the cold conditions air blasted by aerator 11 passes through four-way
Enter to be entered into after flue gas and air common conduit 19b after reversal valve 20 and be provided with the regenerator of heat storage 10b, due to four-way
The front heat storage 10b that commutates of reversal valve 20 has been heated to more than 1000 DEG C, and cold conditions air occurs through after heat storage 10b with it
Heat exchange, cold conditions air is heated to 1000 DEG C or so becomes high temperature air, and heat storage 10b is then gradually cooled down.Now Gas Pipe
Road 13b is opened, and combustion gas starts burning after mixing with high temperature air, and combustion flame temperature can be up to more than 1500 DEG C.Due to drawing
The effect of blower fan 22, the high-temperature flue gas in the burner hearth of fusion zone 15 are entered into and are provided with the accumulation of heat room of heat storage 10a, temperature noted earlier
The heat storage 10a that degree is reduced is exchanged heat with high-temperature flue gas, and heat storage is gradually heated to more than 1000 DEG C, and high-temperature flue gas are then
Be gradually cooled as it passes through the cooler to less than 250 DEG C, by after four-way change-over valve 20 Jing after by flue 12, it is net in flue gas processing device 21
Discharge after change.As described above, the two regenerator burner alternations in left and right, four-way change-over valve 20, gas pipeline 13 etc. are adopted
Use Automated condtrol.Arrangement of the regenerator burner on the side wall of fusion zone 15 is also adopted by being in tilted layout, the gradient and fusion zone 15
Furnace bottom is consistent, it is ensured that burner 9 keeps optimum distance with material, improves heat conduction efficiency.
Specific embodiment one
It is a kind of process iron mine system, by iron mine and reduction coal in hybrid system S100 mix homogeneously, in formation system
S200 makes after pelletizing dries in drying system S300, the pelletizing after drying in roasting system S400 after reduction roasting,
Melting is carried out in input melting furnace system S500.Melting furnace system S500 structure as shown in figure 3, including furnace foundation 1,
Refractory material furnace bottom 2, the body of heater side wall 3 being built into by refractory brick and refractory material of built-in cooling Copper Water Jacket, positioned at fusion zone 15
With the partition wall 4 between decanting zone 16, the furnace roof 5 above burner hearth, located at the charging aperture 6 of the top of 15 furnace roof of fusion zone 5, it is located at
The slag exit 7 of decanting zone 16 and thermal state metal outlet 8,5 groups of heat-storage type burners on the opposite sides wall of fusion zone 15
Heat storage 10a, 10b inside burner 9, regenerator 10, aerator 11, flue 12, gas pipeline 13a, 13b, it is heavy to be placed in
The graphite electrode 14 of the drop furnace roof 5 of area 16.
Smelting furnace is divided into fusion zone 15, decanting zone 16, and fusion zone 15 is arranged symmetrically in the both sides of decanting zone 16, fusion zone 15
Furnace bottom is higher than the furnace bottom of decanting zone 16.Solid material 17 is put in fusion zone 15 by charging aperture 6, relative two in fusion zone 15
The heat-storage type burner alternate blowing flame combustion of side, using material in high temperature conduction heating fusion zone, material starts to soften simultaneously
Ultimately form flowable melt.
The furnace bottom of fusion zone 15 using tilting design, its angle design be 3 °, it is ensured that flowable melt to fusion zone 15 with
The side of partition wall 4 flowing between decanting zone 16, partition wall 4 is 500mm with the distance at refractory-lined ovens bottom 2, it is ensured that melt enters into sedimentation
In area 16.
In decanting zone 16, by the molten bath 18 of the melt composition liquid for constantly entering from fusion zone 15, in the stove of decanting zone 16
Through there is graphite electrode 14, graphite electrode 14 is inserted in molten bath 18, and drastic reduction is incubated and completed using electric arc heated on top 5,
Ensure the final separation of slag and thermal state metal, the slag after separation is discharged by slag exit 7, and thermal state metal is gone out by thermal state metal
Mouth 8 is discharged, and obtains the higher thermal state metal product of the lower slag of tenor, metal content.
Specific embodiment two
A kind of system for processing copper ashes, by copper ashes, reduction coal and limestone according to a certain percentage in hybrid system S100
Mix homogeneously, dries after formation system S200 makes pelletizing in drying system S300, and the pelletizing after drying is in roasting system
S400 is melted reduzate with addition of a certain amount of quick lime input melting furnace system S500 after reduction roasting
Refining.Melting furnace system S500 structure is as shown in Figure 3：Including furnace foundation 1, refractory material furnace bottom 2, built-in cooling Copper Water Jacket
The body of heater side wall 3 being built into by refractory brick and refractory material, the partition wall 4 between fusion zone 15 and decanting zone 16, positioned at burner hearth
The furnace roof 5 of top, located at the charging aperture 6 of the top of 15 furnace roof of fusion zone 5, positioned at the lower section of decanting zone 16 slag exit 7 with it is hot
Metal outlet 8, the 3 groups of heat-storage type burner burners 9, the heat storage inside regenerator 10 on the opposite sides wall of fusion zone 15
10a, 10b, aerator 11, flue 12, gas pipeline 13a, 13b are placed in the graphite electrode 14 of decanting zone furnace roof.
Smelting furnace is divided into fusion zone 15, decanting zone 16, and fusion zone 15 is arranged symmetrically in the both sides of decanting zone 16, fusion zone 15
Furnace bottom is higher than the furnace bottom of decanting zone 16.Solid material 17 is put in fusion zone 15 by charging aperture 6, relative two in fusion zone 15
The heat-storage type burner alternate blowing flame combustion of side, using material in high temperature conduction heating fusion zone, material starts to soften simultaneously
Ultimately form flowable melt.
The furnace bottom of fusion zone 15 using tilting design, its angle design be 4 °, it is ensured that flowable melt to fusion zone 15 with
The side of partition wall 4 flowing between decanting zone 16, partition wall 4 is 650mm with the distance at refractory-lined ovens bottom 2, it is ensured that melt enters into sedimentation
In area 16.
In decanting zone 16, by the molten bath 18 of the melt composition liquid for constantly entering from fusion zone 15, in the stove of decanting zone 16
Through there is graphite electrode 14, graphite electrode 14 is inserted in molten bath 18, and drastic reduction is incubated and completed using electric arc heated on top 5,
Ensure the final separation of slag and thermal state metal, the slag after separation is discharged by slag exit 7, and thermal state metal is gone out by thermal state metal
Mouth 8 is discharged, and obtains the higher thermal state metal product of the lower slag of tenor, metal content.
Specific embodiment three
A kind of system for processing nickel slag, nickel slag, semi-coke and soda is equal in the mixing of hybrid system S100 according to a certain percentage
It is even, to dry in drying system S300 after making pelletizing in formation system S200, the pelletizing after drying is in roasting system S400
After reduction roasting, reduzate is carried out into melting with addition of a certain amount of fluorite input melting furnace system S500.Heating
Melting furnace system S500 structures are as shown in Figure 3：Including furnace foundation 1, refractory material furnace bottom 2, built-in cooling Copper Water Jacket by fire resisting
The body of heater side wall 3 that brick and refractory material are built into, the partition wall 4 between fusion zone 15 and decanting zone 16, above burner hearth
Furnace roof 5, located at the charging aperture 6 of the top of 15 furnace roof of fusion zone 5, the slag exit 7 positioned at the lower section of decanting zone 16 goes out with thermal state metal
Mouthfuls 8,4 groups of heat-storage type burner burners 9, the heat storage 10a inside regenerator 10 on the opposite sides wall of fusion zone 15,
10b, aerator 11, flue 12, gas pipeline 13a, 13b are placed in the graphite electrode 14 of decanting zone furnace roof.
Smelting furnace can be divided into fusion zone 15, decanting zone 16, and fusion zone 15 is arranged symmetrically in the both sides of decanting zone 16, fusing
The furnace bottom of area 15 is higher than the furnace bottom of decanting zone 16.Solid material 17 is put in fusion zone 15 by charging aperture 6, the phase in fusion zone 15
Heat-storage type burner alternate blowing flame combustion to both sides, using material in high temperature conduction heating fusion zone, material starts soft
Change and ultimately form flowable melt.
The furnace bottom of fusion zone 15 using tilting design, its angle design be 5 °, it is ensured that flowable melt to fusion zone 15 with
The side of partition wall 4 flowing between decanting zone 16, partition wall 4 is 800mm with the distance at refractory-lined ovens bottom 2, it is ensured that melt enters into sedimentation
In area 16.
In decanting zone 16, by the molten bath 18 of the melt composition liquid for constantly entering from fusion zone 15, in the stove of decanting zone 16
Through there is graphite electrode 14, graphite electrode 14 is inserted in molten bath 18, and drastic reduction is incubated and completed using electric arc heated on top 5,
Ensure the final separation of slag and thermal state metal, the slag after separation is discharged by slag exit 7, and thermal state metal is gone out by thermal state metal
Mouth 8 is discharged, and obtains the higher thermal state metal product of the lower slag of tenor, metal content.
With reference to embodiments the fuel gas buring and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace are used to process fusion point of material by 1-3
Method be described further：
Embodiment 1
Certain iron mine, Iron grade 55%；Reducing agent adopts reduction coal, and its fixed carbon is 73%, and amount of allocating is the 25% of iron mine.
Pelletizing being made after iron mine, reduction coal mix homogeneously and being dried, the roasting under reducing atmosphere of the pelletizing after drying is metallized
Pelletizing, its degree of metalization is 87%.Metallized pellet is added into molten point of stove, 1300 DEG C of fusion zone temperature, sedimentation by charging aperture
1500 DEG C of area's temperature, temperature retention time 80min.The Iron grade 97.72% of final molten point of ferrum, the iron content of slag is 2.94%.
Embodiment 2
Certain copper ashes, its Iron grade 40%；Certain reduction coal, fixed carbon content 76%；Certain limestone, CaO content 50%.By copper
Slag：Reduction coal：Limestone=100:22:10 proportioning mix homogeneously is made pelletizing and is dried, and the pelletizing after drying is reduced
Roasting, obtains metallized pellet, degree of metalization 80%.
The quick lime of metallized pellet and its quality 10% is put into into fusion zone, fusion zone temperature 1400 by charging aperture
DEG C, 1600 DEG C of decanting zone temperature, temperature retention time 50min.Final to melt the Iron grade 96.72% for dividing ferrum, the iron content of slag is
2.11%.
Embodiment 3
Certain nickel slag, its Iron grade 36%；Certain semi-coke, fixed carbon content 82%；Certain soda, Na2CO3Content 95%.By nickel
Slag：Semi-coke：Soda=100:18:2 proportioning mix homogeneously is made pelletizing and is dried, and the pelletizing after drying carries out reduction roasting,
Obtain metallized pellet, degree of metalization 83%.
The fluorite of metallized pellet and its quality 2% is put into into rotary hearth furnace by charging aperture, 1500 DEG C of fusion zone temperature is sunk
1800 DEG C of area's temperature of drop, temperature retention time 30min.The Iron grade 96.91% of final molten point of ferrum, the iron content of slag is 1.53%.
The above is one embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.Also may be used
To be realized by following several ways.
1. double heat storage type combustion technology can be adopted in heat-storage type burner, both using high temperature air, high temperature is also adopted by
Combustion gas, heat both is from the high-temperature flue gas in smelting furnace fusion zone.
2. high temperature fume dust removal device can be set before high-temperature flue gas in smelting furnace enter heat storage, for protecting accumulation of heat
Body, is not etched or blocks.
3. can be burnt by heat-storage type burner as combustion-supporting gas using oxygen-enriched, can further reduce combustion gas use
Amount, and improve melting in-furnace temperature.
4. melted using multigroup heat storage in fusion zone.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of process ferrous material system, it is characterised in that include：Melting furnace system (S500)；Wherein, it is described to add
Smelting furnace system (S500) includes furnace foundation (1), the refractory material furnace bottom (2) being located on furnace foundation (1) and body of heater, should
Body of heater includes side wall (3), partition wall (4) and furnace roof (5)；The partition wall (4) extended downwardly from furnace roof (5) is divided in the burner hearth of body of heater
Fusion zone (15) and the part of decanting zone (16) two；Wherein, decanting zone (16) furnace bottom is less than fusion zone (15) furnace bottom, fusion zone
(15) furnace bottom is designed using tilting, and the furnace bottom near decanting zone (16) is relatively low；In fusion zone (15) away from decanting zone (16)
The furnace roof of one end is provided with charging aperture (6)；Heat-storage type burner is provided with fusion zone (15) in relative both walls；In decanting zone
(16) graphite electrode (14) through furnace roof (5) is provided with, in decanting zone (16) slag exit (7) for slag discharge is respectively equipped with
And the thermal state metal discharged for thermal state metal exports (8).
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that partition wall (4) lower end is at regular intervals with refractory-lined ovens bottom,
For making material flow into decanting zone (16) from fusion zone (15).
3. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the furnace bottom angle of inclination of the fusion zone (15) 3-5 ° it
Between.
4. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that for slag discharge slag exit (7) positioned at decanting zone
(16) middle and upper part, (8) are exported positioned at the bottom of decanting zone (16) for the thermal state metal that thermal state metal is discharged, and two outlets are equal
Under fusion zone (15) furnace bottom least significant end.
5. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in side wall (3) and the built-in cooling Copper Water Jacket of furnace roof (5).
6. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the relative both sides in described decanting zone (16) be in symmetrical cloth
Put two fusion zones (15).
7. the method that the system any one of a kind of utilization claim 1-6 processes ferrous material, it is characterised in that bag
Include：Pretreated metallized pellet and additive are added in melting furnace system (S500), melting are carried out, from charging
Mouth (6) puts into fusion zone (15), is arranged on the heat-storage type burner alternate blowing flame combustion of the interior opposite sides in fusion zone (15)
Burning makes to enter into decanting zone (16)；Melt forms molten bath (18) in decanting zone (16), using the graphite electricity of insertion molten bath (18)
Pole (14) is heated, while there is reduction reaction with the metal-oxide in melt, and causes slag and thermal state metal final
Separate；Thermal state metal sinks down into bottom, and by being arranged on the thermal state metal of decanting zone (16) furnace bottom bottom (8) discharge is exported；It is molten
Top is floated on slag, is discharged by being arranged on the slag exit (7) of furnace bottom middle and upper part of decanting zone (16).
8. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that by controlling heat-storage type burner so that the fusion zone
(15) reducing atmosphere is presented in.
9. in accordance with the method for claim 7, it is characterised in that：In step (5) temperature of fusion zone (15) be 1300～
1500℃。
10. in accordance with the method for claim 7, it is characterised in that：In step (5) temperature of decanting zone (16) be 1500～
1800℃。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107354365A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-17 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Ferroalloy smelting auxiliary agent and its application process |
| CN109355507A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-02-19 | 英德市鸿星有色金属再生资源利用有限公司 | A kind of efficient smelting furnace energy conserving system and energy saving smelting technology |
-
2016
- 2016-10-28 CN CN201610964760.3A patent/CN106591528A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107354365A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-17 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Ferroalloy smelting auxiliary agent and its application process |
| CN109355507A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-02-19 | 英德市鸿星有色金属再生资源利用有限公司 | A kind of efficient smelting furnace energy conserving system and energy saving smelting technology |
| CN109355507B (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2023-08-22 | 广东鸿星环保科技有限公司 | Energy-saving system of high-efficiency smelting furnace and energy-saving smelting process |
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