CN106590677A - Multifunctional soil improvement agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional soil improvement agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106590677A CN106590677A CN201611097506.4A CN201611097506A CN106590677A CN 106590677 A CN106590677 A CN 106590677A CN 201611097506 A CN201611097506 A CN 201611097506A CN 106590677 A CN106590677 A CN 106590677A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N37/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof containing the group; Thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, and discloses a multifunctional soil improvement agent and a preparation method thereof. The soil improvement agent comprises a quick-release layer and a slow-release layer. The quick-release layer consists of the following substances: earthworm soil 10-20wt%, a soil anti-hardening agent 5-10wt%, insecticidal constituents 5-10wt%, weeding particles 20-30wt%, a plural gel carrier 35-45wt%, modified oxidized calcium 3-5wt% and an adhesive 0.5-1.5wt%; and the slow-release layer consists of the following substances: earthworm soil 10-20wt%, a soil anti-hardening agent 5-10wt%, insecticidal constituents 5-10wt%, weeding particles 20-30wt% and cyclodextrin 40-50wt%. The multifunctional soil improvement agent can improve water-retaining property and breathability of soil, and has effects of killing insects, weeding and improving soil fertility, further has long-acting slow-release effect, and can continuously and stably release active ingredients.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation, more particularly to a kind of multifunction soil improver and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Soil after excessive fertilization, can cause soil compaction, hardening, acid-base value is unbalance, poor air permeability, water holding capacity decline
Deng so as to be difficult to meet the plantation of plant.Soil conditioner is mainly used in physics, chemistry and the biological property of improved soil, makes
It is more suitable for plant growth.
Notification number discloses a kind of Biochar base soil modifier for the Chinese invention patent of CN103788954A, the invention
The soil conditioner includes biomass carbon, and the biomass carbon carries out thermal cracking charcoal by biomass carbon raw material under limited oxygen condition
It is obtained after change, by the biomass carbon by ploughing deeply administration, improves bad Baijiang soil soil property.
In above-mentioned patent, rely primarily on the adsorptivity of biomass carbon to improve the water-retaining property and gas permeability of soil.Therefore
The function of above-mentioned soil conditioner is more single, and for some second-rate soil, its soil property cannot effectively be changed
It is kind, cannot still be suitable to plant life.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of multifunction soil improver.The soil conditioner of the present invention can not only be carried
High water retention, gas permeability, also have functions that desinsection, weeding, strengthen soil fertility.And the soil conditioner of the present invention
With long-acting slow-release effect, can continue, stably discharge active component.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of multifunction soil improver.Soil improvement of the present invention
The preparation method of agent is simple, reasonable, and the soil conditioner stay in grade of preparation is suitable to large-scale production.
The present invention concrete technical scheme be：A kind of multifunction soil improver, from the inside to the outside successively include release layer and
Slow release layer；
The release layer is by following material composition：Earthworm soil 10-20wt%, soil anti hardening agent 5-10wt%, desinsection into
Point 5-10wt%, except grass particle 20-30wt%, plural gel carrier 35-45wt%, modified oxidized calcium 3-5wt%, adhesive
0.5-1.5wt%.
The slow release layer is by following material composition：Earthworm soil 10-20wt%, soil anti hardening agent 5-10wt%, desinsection into
Point 5-10wt%, except grass particle 20-30wt%, cyclodextrin 40-50wt%.
Contain earthworm soil, soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, weeding in the release layer of the soil conditioner of the present invention
Grain, plural gel carrier, modified oxidized calcium.Slow release layer contains earthworm soil, soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, except grass particle, ring
Dextrin.Wherein, soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, keep soil from packing together except grass particle has respectively, the work(of desinsection and weeding
Energy.On the one hand earthworm soil, plural gel carrier, cyclodextrin itself are respectively provided with outstanding water-retaining property and gas permeability, can improve soil
The water holding capacity and structure of earth, and earthworm soil itself also has preferable fertility, can lift soil fertility.On the other hand,
Earthworm soil, plural gel carrier, cyclodextrin also rise also as carrier framework to soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, except grass particle
The effect of cladding sustained release is arrived, has been achieved many things at one stroke.And compared with traditional slow-released carrier skeleton, slow release effect is more for the carrier framework
It is stable, permanent.
Traditional sustained-release matrix material easily causes after absorbing water that early stage is prominent to be released, soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, weeding
Composition is consumed release, causes persistence degradation.On the other hand, soil anti hardening agent positioned at core part, kill
Worm composition, herbicidal constituents, but because the speed that moisture penetration enters core is slower, and soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, remove
Careless composition needs the part for penetrating through carrier outer layer, soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, herbicidal constituents release to be short of power,
The effect for causing the later stage is much worse than early stage.
The soil conditioner of the present invention has double-layer structure.Wherein, the main carriers of slow release layer are cyclodextrin.In cyclodextrin
Portion has hydrophobic cavity, can play certain retarding action to the infiltration of moisture.The slow releasing function of cyclodextrin so that soil is prevented
Hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, herbicidal constituents will not be released rapidly after early stage meets water, and sustained release rate is more stable, and sustained release is lasting
Property is higher.The main carriers of release layer are plural gel carrier, and plural gel carrier has been also loaded modified oxidized calcium.It is modified
Heat can be discharged after calcium oxide water suction, these heats can accelerate soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, herbicidal constituents molten in water
Solution, so as to provide power for the release of soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, herbicidal constituents, overcomes later stage releasing effect poor
Defect.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the release layer and slow release layer is 1:3-5.
Preferably, the preparation method of the earthworm soil is：Fallen leaves, melon and fruit shell, rotten vegetable leaf are crushed into respectively latter same and garden
Soil is well mixed, and obtains mixed soil；Plus water management mixed soil moisture content is in 60-70%；Earthworm is inoculated with mixed soil,
Earthworm is set to decompose the material in mixed soil；Period chooses the earthworm soil of the earthworm discharge in mixed soil and is done
Dry, crushing；Wherein, the mass ratio of fallen leaves, melon and fruit shell, rotten vegetable leaf and garden mould is 0.5-1.5:0.5-1.5:0.5-1.5:20；Institute
The initial inoculum for stating earthworm is 6-12 bars/kg.
After earthworm soil obtained in said method, with other component compoundings, good permeability, water retention is high, and fertilizer efficiency is good.
Preferably, the soil anti hardening agent is sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate；The insecticidal constituent is MTI-446, clothianidin, thiophene
At least one in worm quinoline, imidacloprid；The cyclodextrin is alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-schardinger dextrin or gamma-cyclodextrin；Described adhesive is
PVP.
General adhesive is dissolved in water and uses.Due to the present invention in preparation process soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent,
Herbicidal constituents should not meet water, and PVP is dissolved in ethanol, therefore be more suitably to select as adhesive.
Preferably, the preparation method except grass particle is：By sepiolite at 250-350 DEG C roasting 2-3h, Ran Housheng
Temperature to 450-550 DEG C is continued roasting 1-2h；Herbicidal constituents are configured to into the weeding liquid that concentration is 8-12wt%, by sepiolite vacuum
Impregnated in immediately after process and adsorbed in excessive weeding liquid, Jing centrifugations, dry, grinding, obtain weeding after saturation absorption
Grain.
The present invention selects sepiolite as the first vector of herbicidal constituents.Sepiolite inside configuration has nanometer, micron order
Duct, its absorption property is outstanding.First substep roasting is carried out to sepiolite, improve its adsorption capacity, it is then full to weeding liquid
After absorption, Jing centrifugations, dry, grinding are obtained except grass particle.Herbicidal constituents have sepiolite first vector, there is cyclodextrin again
Or plural gel carrier, used as Second support, slow release effect is more preferably.
Preferably, the herbicidal constituents are at least one in benazolin, paraquat, alachlor, Acetochlor.
Preferably, the granularity except grass particle is 600-800 mesh.
The dispersiveness except grass particle in the carrier under above-mentioned granularity is preferable.
Preferably, the preparation method of the plural gel carrier is：Take marine alga chopping and put into 50-100 times of quality
Water in, heat 20-30min at 95-105 DEG C；The concentration that marine alga is transferred to its 5-15 times of quality after filtration is 3-5wt%
Sodium pyrophosphate solution in, soak 0.5-1.5h at 50-60 DEG C, obtain viscous liquid；Viscous liquid is concentrated into solid
Content is 45-55wt%, the polyvinyl alcohol of its 0.5-1 times of quality is added in viscous liquid and is stirred；Then in 40-
It is incubated at 50 DEG C, the sodium acid carbonate of adding liquid gross mass 1-3%, stirring reaction 10-20min adjusts liquid pH value after reaction
To neutral, plural gel carrier is finally dried to obtain.
The plural gel carrier of the present invention, can be obtained, mainly with marine algae extract and polyvinyl alcohol using said method
For main carriers.Seaweed extracted liquor after polyvinyl alcohol, adds sodium acid carbonate in thick, sodium acid carbonate just with sea
Acidic materials in algae extract react, and generate carbon dioxide, and gas is obtained substantial amounts of pore in coagulant liquid
Road, can not only improve the load capacity of carrier, and to be discharged into after soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, herbicidal constituents dissolving
Express passway is provided in soil, the resistance of infiltration is reduced.And plural gel carrier has very strong hygroscopicity, in the later stage
Can speed up the rate of dissolution of soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, herbicidal constituents, further overcome later stage soil anti hardening agent,
The poor defect of insecticidal constituent, herbicidal constituents releasing effect.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified oxidized calcium is：By calcium oxide and potassium hydroxide in mass ratio 100:0.1-
0.2 adds and is well mixed into reaction vessel, by quality for calcium oxide 4-8wt% oxirane it is pressurized liquefied after be passed through reaction
In container, reaction vessel is heated to into 140-160 DEG C under inert gas pressurization protection, stirring reaction 2-3h；After reaction terminates
Room temperature is cooled to, modified oxidized calcium is obtained.
In the preparation process of modified oxidized calcium, using potassium hydroxide and calcium oxide as common catalyst, epoxy second is made
Alkane is polymerized on calcium oxide surface, generates PEO layer, and the effect of the PEO layer is：Because calcium oxide meets water
Reaction more acutely, may result in temperature too high and cause potential safety hazard.After PEO is coated on calcium oxide surface,
Because PEO has preferable water imbibition, moisture needs to first pass through and could slowly penetrate into calcium oxide table after its absorption
Face, serves cushioning effect.
A kind of preparation method of multifunction soil improver, step is：
Step 1：Adhesive is dissolved with absolute ethyl alcohol；Simultaneously by earthworm soil, soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, weeding
Particle, plural gel carrier, modified oxidized calcium mixing and stirring, then use adhesive bonding；Sequentially pass through after bonding granulation,
It is dried and screens, release layer is obtained.
Step 2：Cyclodextrin is mixed with the water of its 0.4-0.8 times of quality, stirring in the pasty state after, successively add earthworm soil,
Soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, except grass particle and it is uniformly dispersed, drying immediately after is not more than 5wt% to moisture content, obtains
Pastel；Bond after pastel is well mixed with release layer, granulation is sequentially passed through after bonding, is dried and is screened, many work(are obtained
Can soil conditioner.
Preparation method of the present invention avoid as far as possible in preparation process soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, herbicidal constituents with
The contact of water, obtained soil conditioner quality is high, stable.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：The soil conditioner of the present invention can not only improve water retention, gas permeability, also
There is desinsection, weeding, strengthen soil fertility.And the soil conditioner of the present invention has long-acting slow-release effect, can
Continue, stably discharge active component.The preparation method of soil conditioner of the present invention is simple, reasonable, the soil conditioner of preparation
Stay in grade, is suitable to large-scale production.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of multifunction soil improver, includes successively from the inside to the outside release layer and slow release layer.
The release layer is by following material composition：Earthworm soil 15wt%, soil anti hardening agent (sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate)
7.5wt%, insecticidal constituent (MTI-446) 7.5wt%, except grass particle (being loaded with the sepiolite of benazolin) 25wt%, plural gel
Carrier 40wt%, modified oxidized calcium 4wt%, PVP 1wt%.
The slow release layer is by following material composition：Earthworm soil 15wt%, soil anti hardening agent (sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate)
7.5wt%, insecticidal constituent (MTI-446) 7.5wt%, except grass particle (being loaded with the sepiolite of benazolin) 25wt%, alpha-cyclodextrin
45wt%.
The mass ratio of the release layer and slow release layer is 1:4.
Embodiment 2
A kind of multifunction soil improver, includes successively from the inside to the outside release layer and slow release layer.
The release layer is by following material composition：Earthworm soil 10wt%, soil anti hardening agent (sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate)
10wt%, insecticidal constituent (clothianidin) 10wt%, except grass particle (being loaded with the sepiolite of paraquat) 30wt%, plural gel carry
Body 36.5wt%, modified oxidized calcium 3wt%, PVP 0.5wt%.
The slow release layer is by following material composition：Earthworm soil 10wt%, soil anti hardening agent (sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate)
10wt%, insecticidal constituent (clothianidin) 10wt%, except grass particle (being loaded with the sepiolite of paraquat) 30wt%, beta-schardinger dextrin
40wt%.
The mass ratio of the release layer and slow release layer is 1:3.
Embodiment 3
A kind of multifunction soil improver, includes successively from the inside to the outside release layer and slow release layer.
The release layer is by following material composition：Earthworm soil 20wt%, soil anti hardening agent (sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate)
5wt%, insecticidal constituent (thiacloprid, imidacloprid) 5wt%, except grass particle (being loaded with the sepiolite of alachlor, Acetochlor)
20wt%, plural gel carrier 43.5wt%, modified oxidized calcium 5wt%, PVP 1.5wt%.
The slow release layer is by following material composition：Earthworm soil 20wt%, soil anti hardening agent (sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate)
5wt%, insecticidal constituent (thiacloprid, imidacloprid) 5wt%, except grass particle (being loaded with the sepiolite of alachlor, Acetochlor)
20wt%, gamma-cyclodextrin 50wt%.
The mass ratio of the release layer and slow release layer is 1:5.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of the multifunction soil improver of embodiment 1 is：
It is prefabricated standby：
The preparation of earthworm soil：Fallen leaves, melon and fruit shell, rotten vegetable leaf are crushed into respectively latter with being well mixed with garden mould, is mixed
Close soil；Plus water management mixed soil moisture content is 65%；Earthworm is inoculated with mixed soil, earthworm is made in mixed soil
Material is decomposed；Period chooses the earthworm soil of the earthworm discharge in mixed soil and is dried, crushes；Wherein, fallen leaves, melon
The mass ratio of shell, rotten vegetable leaf and garden mould is 1:1:1:20；The initial inoculum of the earthworm is 9/kg.
Except the preparation of grass particle：By sepiolite at 300 DEG C roasting 2.5h, then heat to 500 DEG C continuation roasting 1.5h；
Herbicidal constituents are configured to into the weeding liquid that concentration is 10wt%, excessive weeding liquid will be immediately impregnated in after sepiolite application of vacuum
In adsorbed, saturation absorption after Jing centrifugation, be dried, grinding, obtain granularity for 600-800 purposes remove grass particle.
The preparation method of the plural gel carrier is：Take marine alga chopping and put in the water of 75 times of quality, 100
25min is heated at DEG C；Marine alga is transferred in the sodium pyrophosphate solution that the concentration of its 10 times of quality is 4wt%, 55 after filtration
1h is soaked at DEG C, viscous liquid is obtained；Viscous liquid is concentrated into into solid content for 50wt%, the addition in viscous liquid
The polyvinyl alcohol of its 0.75 times of quality simultaneously stirs；Then it is incubated at 45 DEG C, the bicarbonate of adding liquid gross mass 2%
Sodium, stirring reaction 15min adjusts liquid pH value to neutrality after reaction, be finally dried to obtain plural gel carrier.
The preparation method of the modified oxidized calcium is：By calcium oxide and potassium hydroxide in mass ratio 100:0.15 adds to anti-
Answer in container and be well mixed, by quality for calcium oxide 6wt% oxirane it is pressurized liquefied after be passed through in reaction vessel, in inertia
Reaction vessel is heated to into 150 DEG C under gas pressurized protection, stirring reaction 2.5h；Reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating, and is changed
Property calcium oxide.
Step 1：Adhesive is dissolved with absolute ethyl alcohol；Simultaneously by earthworm soil, soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, weeding
Particle, plural gel carrier, modified oxidized calcium mixing and stirring, then use adhesive bonding；Sequentially pass through after bonding granulation,
It is dried and screens, release layer is obtained.
Step 2：Cyclodextrin is mixed with the water of its 0.6 times of quality, after stirring in the pasty state, earthworm soil, soil is added successively
Anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, except grass particle and it is uniformly dispersed, drying immediately after is not more than 5wt% to moisture content, obtains pasty state
Thing；Bond after pastel is well mixed with release layer, granulation is sequentially passed through after bonding, is dried and is screened, multifunctional soil is obtained
Earth modifying agent.
Embodiment 5
The preparation method of the multifunction soil improver of embodiment 2 is：
It is prefabricated standby：
The preparation of earthworm soil：Fallen leaves, melon and fruit shell, rotten vegetable leaf are crushed into respectively latter with being well mixed with garden mould, is mixed
Close soil；Plus water management mixed soil moisture content is 60%；Earthworm is inoculated with mixed soil, earthworm is made in mixed soil
Material is decomposed；Period chooses the earthworm soil of the earthworm discharge in mixed soil and is dried, crushes；Wherein, fallen leaves, melon
The mass ratio of shell, rotten vegetable leaf and garden mould is 0.5:0.5:0.5:20；The initial inoculum of the earthworm is 6/kg.
Except the preparation of grass particle：By sepiolite at 250 DEG C roasting 3h, then heat to 450 DEG C continuation roasting 1h；To remove
Careless composition is configured to the weeding liquid that concentration is 8wt%, enters impregnated in immediately after sepiolite application of vacuum in excessive weeding liquid
Row absorption, Jing centrifugations, dry, grinding, obtain granularity for 600-800 purposes and remove grass particle after saturation absorption.
The preparation method of the plural gel carrier is：Take marine alga chopping and put in the water of 50 times of quality, 95
30min is heated at DEG C；Marine alga is transferred in the sodium pyrophosphate solution that the concentration of its 5 times of quality is 3wt%, at 50 DEG C after filtration
Lower immersion 1.5h, obtains viscous liquid；Viscous liquid is concentrated into into solid content for 45wt%, the addition in viscous liquid
The polyvinyl alcohol of its 0.5 times of quality simultaneously stirs；Then it is incubated at 40 DEG C, the sodium acid carbonate of adding liquid gross mass 1%,
Stirring reaction 10min, adjusts liquid pH value to neutrality after reaction, be finally dried to obtain plural gel carrier.
The preparation method of the modified oxidized calcium is：By calcium oxide and potassium hydroxide in mass ratio 100:0.1 adds to anti-
Answer in container and be well mixed, by quality for calcium oxide 4wt% oxirane it is pressurized liquefied after be passed through in reaction vessel, in inertia
Reaction vessel is heated to into 1400 DEG C under gas pressurized protection, stirring reaction 3h；Reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating, and is modified
Calcium oxide.
Step 1：Adhesive is dissolved with absolute ethyl alcohol；Simultaneously by earthworm soil, soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, weeding
Particle, plural gel carrier, modified oxidized calcium mixing and stirring, then use adhesive bonding；Sequentially pass through after bonding granulation,
It is dried and screens, release layer is obtained.
Step 2：Cyclodextrin is mixed with the water of its 0.4 times of quality, after stirring in the pasty state, earthworm soil, soil is added successively
Anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, except grass particle and it is uniformly dispersed, drying immediately after is not more than 5wt% to moisture content, obtains pasty state
Thing；Bond after pastel is well mixed with release layer, granulation is sequentially passed through after bonding, is dried and is screened, multifunctional soil is obtained
Earth modifying agent.
Embodiment 6
The preparation method of the multifunction soil improver of embodiment 3 is：
It is prefabricated standby：
The preparation of earthworm soil：Fallen leaves, melon and fruit shell, rotten vegetable leaf are crushed into respectively latter with being well mixed with garden mould, is mixed
Close soil；Plus water management mixed soil moisture content is 70%；Earthworm is inoculated with mixed soil, earthworm is made in mixed soil
Material is decomposed；Period chooses the earthworm soil of the earthworm discharge in mixed soil and is dried, crushes；Wherein, fallen leaves, melon
The mass ratio of shell, rotten vegetable leaf and garden mould is 1.5:1.5:1.5:20；The initial inoculum of the earthworm is 6-12 bars/kg.
Except the preparation of grass particle：By sepiolite at 350 DEG C roasting 2h, then heat to 550 DEG C continuation roasting 1h；To remove
Careless composition is configured to the weeding liquid that concentration is 12wt%, enters impregnated in immediately after sepiolite application of vacuum in excessive weeding liquid
Row absorption, Jing centrifugations, dry, grinding, obtain granularity for 600-800 purposes and remove grass particle after saturation absorption.
The preparation method of the plural gel carrier is：Take marine alga chopping and put in the water of 100 times of quality,
20min is heated at 105 DEG C；Marine alga is transferred in the sodium pyrophosphate solution that the concentration of its 15 times of quality is 5wt% after filtration,
0.5h is soaked at 60 DEG C, viscous liquid is obtained；It is 55wt% that viscous liquid is concentrated into into solid content, in viscous liquid
Add the polyvinyl alcohol of its 1 times of quality and stir；Then it is incubated at 50 DEG C, the bicarbonate of adding liquid gross mass 3%
Sodium, stirring reaction 20min adjusts liquid pH value to neutrality after reaction, be finally dried to obtain plural gel carrier.
The preparation method of the modified oxidized calcium is：By calcium oxide and potassium hydroxide in mass ratio 100:0.2 adds to anti-
Answer in container and be well mixed, by quality for calcium oxide 8wt% oxirane it is pressurized liquefied after be passed through in reaction vessel, in inertia
Reaction vessel is heated to into 160 DEG C under gas pressurized protection, stirring reaction 2h；Reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating, and is modified
Calcium oxide.
Step 1：Adhesive is dissolved with absolute ethyl alcohol；Simultaneously by earthworm soil, soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, weeding
Particle, plural gel carrier, modified oxidized calcium mixing and stirring, then use adhesive bonding；Sequentially pass through after bonding granulation,
It is dried and screens, release layer is obtained.
Step 2：Cyclodextrin is mixed with the water of its 0.8 times of quality, after stirring in the pasty state, earthworm soil, soil is added successively
Anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, except grass particle and it is uniformly dispersed, drying immediately after is not more than 5wt% to moisture content, obtains pasty state
Thing；Bond after pastel is well mixed with release layer, granulation is sequentially passed through after bonding, is dried and is screened, multifunctional soil is obtained
Earth modifying agent.
Comparative example 1
A kind of soil conditioner, by following material composition：Soil anti hardening agent (sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate) 7.5wt%, desinsection
Composition (MTI-446) 7.5wt%, herbicidal constituents (benazolin) 7.5wt%, zeolite 77.5wt%.
The soil conditioner with comparative example 1 of 0.1g embodiments 1 is weighed respectively and is respectively placed in the pure water of 1L, every
Soil anti hardening agent (sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate), insecticidal constituent (MTI-446), herbicidal constituents (benazolin) in a period of time detection water
Content being released rate.Concrete outcome is as follows：
As seen from the above table, the release power after the 150h of comparative example 1 is substantially not enough, the active component release speed of embodiment 1
Degree is more stable, and faster, and the release rate after 350h is higher for the rate of release especially after 150h.
It is raw materials used in the present invention, unless otherwise noted, it is the conventional raw material of this area；Method therefor in the present invention,
Unless otherwise noted, it is the conventional method of this area.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multifunction soil improver, is characterized in that：Include release layer and slow release layer successively from the inside to the outside；
The release layer is by following material composition：Earthworm soil 10-20wt%, soil anti hardening agent 5-10wt%, insecticidal constituent 5-
10wt%, except grass particle 20-30wt%, plural gel carrier 35-45wt%, modified oxidized calcium 3-5wt%, adhesive 0.5-
1.5wt%；
The slow release layer is by following material composition：Earthworm soil 10-20wt%, soil anti hardening agent 5-10wt%, insecticidal constituent 5-
10wt%, except grass particle 20-30wt%, cyclodextrin 40-50wt%.
2. a kind of multifunction soil improver according to claim 1, is characterized in that：The matter of the release layer and slow release layer
Amount is than being 1:3-5.
3. a kind of multifunction soil improver according to claim 1, is characterized in that：The preparation method of the earthworm soil
For：Fallen leaves, melon and fruit shell, rotten vegetable leaf are crushed into respectively latter with being well mixed with garden mould, mixed soil is obtained；Plus water management mixing
Soil moisture content is in 60-70%；Earthworm is inoculated with mixed soil, makes earthworm decompose the material in mixed soil；Phase
Between choose mixed soil in earthworm discharge earthworm soil and be dried, crush；Wherein, fallen leaves, melon and fruit shell, rotten vegetable leaf and garden
The mass ratio of soil is 0.5-1.5:0.5-1.5:0.5-1.5:20；The initial inoculum of the earthworm is 6-12 bars/kg.
4. a kind of multifunction soil improver according to claim 1, is characterized in that：The soil anti hardening agent is alkyl
Benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt；The insecticidal constituent is at least one in MTI-446, clothianidin, thiacloprid, imidacloprid；The cyclodextrin be α-
Cyclodextrin, beta-schardinger dextrin or gamma-cyclodextrin；Described adhesive is PVP.
5. a kind of multifunction soil improver according to claim 1, is characterized in that：It is described except the preparation method of grass particle
For：By sepiolite at 250-350 DEG C roasting 2-3h, then heat to 450-550 DEG C continuation roasting 1-2h；Herbicidal constituents are matched somebody with somebody
The weeding liquid that concentration is 8-12wt% being made, being inhaled impregnated in immediately after sepiolite application of vacuum in excessive weeding liquid
Attached, Jing centrifugations, dry, grinding, obtain except grass particle after saturation absorption.
6. a kind of multifunction soil improver according to claim 5, is characterized in that：The herbicidal constituents be benazolin,
At least one in paraquat, alachlor, Acetochlor.
7. a kind of multifunction soil improver according to claim 5, is characterized in that：The granularity except grass particle is
600-800 mesh.
8. a kind of multifunction soil improver according to claim 1, is characterized in that：The preparation of the plural gel carrier
Method is：Take marine alga chopping and put in the water of 50-100 times of quality, at 95-105 DEG C 20-30min is heated；After filtration
Marine alga is transferred in the sodium pyrophosphate solution that the concentration of its 5-15 times of quality is 3-5wt%, at 50-60 DEG C 0.5- is soaked
1.5h, obtains viscous liquid；It is 45-55wt% that viscous liquid is concentrated into into solid content, and in viscous liquid it is added
The polyvinyl alcohol of 0.5-1 times of quality simultaneously stirs；Then it is incubated at 40-50 DEG C, the carbonic acid of adding liquid gross mass 1-3%
Hydrogen sodium, stirring reaction 10-20min adjusts liquid pH value to neutrality after reaction, be finally dried to obtain plural gel carrier.
9. a kind of multifunction soil improver according to claim 1, is characterized in that：The preparation side of the modified oxidized calcium
Method is：By calcium oxide and potassium hydroxide in mass ratio 100:0.1-0.2 adds and is well mixed into reaction vessel, is oxygen by quality
It is passed through in reaction vessel after the oxirane of change calcium 4-8wt% is pressurized liquefied, by reaction vessel under inert gas pressurization protection
140-160 DEG C is heated to, stirring reaction 2-3h；Reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating, and obtains modified oxidized calcium.
10. a kind of preparation method of the multifunction soil improver according to one of claim 1-9, is characterized in that step
For：
Step 1：Adhesive is dissolved with absolute ethyl alcohol；Simultaneously by earthworm soil, soil anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, except grass particle,
Plural gel carrier, modified oxidized calcium mixing and stirring, then use adhesive bonding；Granulation is sequentially passed through after bonding, is dried
And screening, release layer is obtained；
Step 2：Cyclodextrin is mixed with the water of its 0.4-0.8 times of quality, after stirring in the pasty state, earthworm soil, soil is added successively
Anti hardening agent, insecticidal constituent, except grass particle and it is uniformly dispersed, drying immediately after is not more than 5wt% to moisture content, obtains pasty state
Thing；Bond after pastel is well mixed with release layer, granulation is sequentially passed through after bonding, is dried and is screened, multifunctional soil is obtained
Earth modifying agent.
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| CN107347916A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-17 | 安徽省圣丹生物化工有限公司 | A kind of weeding composite for avoiding soil hardening |
| CN107410359A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-12-01 | 安徽省圣丹生物化工有限公司 | A kind of weeding composite that can adjust soil |
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| CN108752100A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-06 | 南昌工程学院 | A kind of matrix type of suitable acid red soil of south China delays controlled release modifying agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN112080264A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Scale inhibition particle and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112080264B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2022-12-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Scale inhibition particle and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112358012A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-12 | 北京伦至环境科技有限公司 | Preparation method of efficient slow-release filling material for underground water permeable reactive barrier |
| CN114195600A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-18 | 青岛苏贝尔作物营养有限公司 | Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer granulation binder and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114195600B (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2023-08-25 | 青岛苏贝尔作物营养有限公司 | Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer granulating binder and preparation method and application thereof |
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