CN106588226A - Cultivation medium for straw mushrooms and cultivation method for straw mushrooms - Google Patents

Cultivation medium for straw mushrooms and cultivation method for straw mushrooms Download PDF

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CN106588226A
CN106588226A CN201510667616.9A CN201510667616A CN106588226A CN 106588226 A CN106588226 A CN 106588226A CN 201510667616 A CN201510667616 A CN 201510667616A CN 106588226 A CN106588226 A CN 106588226A
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parts
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mushroom
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吴明金
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Abstract

The invention relates to a cultivation method for straw mushrooms. A cultivation medium for the straw mushrooms is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight: 60-65 parts of wood dust, 10-15 parts of walnut shells, 1-4 parts of vinegar residues, 10-13 parts of wheat bran, 5-8 parts of bean dregs, 1-2 parts of gypsum powder, 2-3 parts of cicada slough powder, 0.2-0.3 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of citric acid residues, 1-2 parts of Japanese metaplexis pericarp powder, 0.7-1.0 part of crataegus pinnatifida powder, 2-3 parts of trifoliate orange leaf meal and 3-4 parts of modified zeolite powder. The method comprises the steps of proportionally mixing all the ingredients, carrying out water adding, carrying out uniform mixing, then, carrying out bagging, carrying out sterilization, carrying out inoculation, carrying out fungus growing in a fungus growing room, carrying out mushroom producing management, and carrying out harvesting. According to the cultivation medium disclosed by the invention, the formula is scientific, the cultivated straw mushrooms are rich in nutrition and high in content of trace elements, vitamins and calcium and further have a blood pressure lowering health-care function; the infection resistance of the straw mushrooms in a mushroom producing period is high, and the yield of the straw mushrooms is high; and meanwhile, the wastes are changed into an edible substance, so that the effect of changing wastes into valuables is exerted, and a contribution to conservation-minded society is made.

Description

A kind of Straw mushroom cultivation medium and its cultural method
Technical field
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique, and in particular to a kind of Straw mushroom cultivation medium and its cultural method.
Background technology
Straw mushroom originates from the Nanhua Temple in Guangdong Shaoguan, 300 Nian Qian China have started to artificial cultivation, in the about thirties in this century by the incoming countries in the world of overseas Chinese, it is a kind of important tropical and subtropical zone mushroom class, it is the third-largest culturing edible fungus in the world, China's straw mushroom yield is occupied first of the world, is distributed mainly on South China.Straw mushroom is nutritious, delicious flavour.Per 100g fresh mushroom vitamin Cs containing 207.7mg, 2.6g sugars, 2.68g crude protein, 2.24g is fatty, 0.91g ash contents.Straw mushroom protein contains 18 kinds of amino acid, and wherein essential amino acid accounts for 40.47-44.47%.Additionally, also containing various mineral elements such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium.
Straw mushroom is a kind of S fungi.Fresh mushroom meat fertilizer is tender, and local flavor is delicious, is the delicious food that feast is foretold.Fresh grass mushroom is nutritious, particularly containing substantial amounts of vitamin C, analyzes according to Guangdong Microbes Inst, 158 1 206 milligrams is up to per 100 grams of fresh mushroom contents, considerably beyond the vitamin content of general vegetables.Also containing polysaccharide and isomerism protein, Jing often to eat use can strengthen the immunocompetence of human body to straw mushroom, reduce cholesterol and hypertension, and can pre- anti-cancer.Therefore, straw mushroom is very popular as a kind of health food and high-grade vegetables.Its product both can be sold with fresh, it is also possible to tank processed, quick-frozen and drying, be a kind of edible fungi of great development prospect, be also the key farm products that China's export is earned foreign exchange.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of cultural method of straw mushroom.The straw mushroom that the inventive method is cultivated contains outside the original whole nutrition of straw mushroom, and lipid-loweringing composition is increased again, and long-term consumption can play effect of reduction blood fat blood pressure.
For achieving the above object the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of Straw mushroom cultivation medium, including the component raw material of following weight portion:
Wood chip 60-65, walnut shell 10-15, vinegar grain 1-4, wheat bran 10- 13, dregs of beans 6-7, land plaster 1-2, cicada shedding 2-3, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3-0.5, citric acid waste 1-2, Japanese Metaplexis Pericarp powder 1-2, hawthorn powder 0.7-1.0, trifoliate-orange leaf powder 2-3, modified zeolite powder 3-4;
The preparation method of modified zeolite powder:
Zeolite is calcined into 3-4 hours in 600-800, powder is then ground to, then zeolite is put into into immersion 1-2 hours in nutrient solution, filtration drying obtains modified zeolite powder.
Comprise the following steps:
(1) following component raw material is weighed by weight:
Wood chip 60-65, walnut shell 10-15, vinegar grain 1-4, wheat bran 10- 13, dregs of beans 6-7, land plaster 1-2, cicada shedding 2-3, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3-0.5, citric acid waste 1-2, Japanese Metaplexis Pericarp powder 1-2, hawthorn powder 0.7-1.0, trifoliate-orange leaf powder 2-3, modified zeolite powder 3-4;
The preparation method of modified zeolite powder:
Zeolite is calcined into 3-4 hours in 600-800, powder is then ground to, then zeolite is put into into immersion 1-2 hours in nutrient solution, filtration drying obtains modified zeolite powder;
The preparation of described nutrient solution:
By weight, by 40-50 parts of folium panacis japonici cum caule, 11-18 parts of leaves of Hawthorn, 15 parts of lotus leaf 10-, 3-4 parts of RADIX POLYGONI MULTIFLORI PREPARATA, rhubarb 5-7 parts, Chinese yam 5-6 parts, adhesive rehmannia flower 8-10 parts, sponge gourd flower 10-15 part, after being soaked 1 hour with running water, adding mealy potato 5-10 parts, Kelp Powder 2-4 parts, the water for adding solid material gross weight 2-3 times again is boiled altogether, micro-boiling 40-50 minute, filter and remove residue obtains digestion liquid, filter residue is added in planting material, the 1-2% of digestion liquid weight sucrose is added in digestion liquid, the urea of 0.2-0. 4%, the ammonium molybdate of 0.3-0. 5%, the ferrous sulfate of 0.08-0.12%, the 01-0. 02% of vitamin A 0., dissolving is fully obtained nutrient solution;
(2) by wood chip, walnut shell, the particle of 4-5mm is cut into, immersion 18-20 hours in the limewash of 5-6% are then put it into, is then pulled out and is rinsed 2-3 time with clear water, drain, phosphoric acid the second light industry bureau potassium is dissolved in water, wheat bran is added and is fully mixed thoroughly, finally mix all raw materials, and add appropriate water, stir, obtain compost, the water content of compost is 68-72%;
(3) pack:After spice, by stockpile slightly vexed 20-30 minutes in heaps, it is sufficiently humidified so as to material, load low-pressure polyethylene polybag of the specification for 15 × 55cm, per packed wet feed 0. 5-0. 7kg, before charging first by sack one tied with cotton rope, material is compacted during charging, up and down elasticity is consistent, and sack will be wiped clean, to avoid miscellaneous bacteria from invading from sack, after filling material, again another mouth is tightened with cotton rope, be put into sterilizing in autoclave;
(4) sterilize:After the normal pressure at a temperature of 100 DEG C -105 DEG C, sterilizing -15 hours 12 hours, stop heating, vexed 3-4 hours, then take out pocket in autoclave, allow its natural cooling;
(5) inoculation, culture:When planting material temperature is reduced to less than 29 DEG C, routinely aseptic inoculation method is inoculated with rapidly, postvaccinal bacterium bag is sent to the culturing room sterilized carries out lucifuge culture, the humid control of culturing room is between 60-65%, culture room temperature is maintained at 22-24 DEG C, the temperature of the 1st week culturing room should be controlled between 24-23 DEG C, the 2nd week culturing room
Temperature should be controlled between 21-22 DEG C, the temperature of the 3rd Zhou Shi culturing room should be controlled between 18-20 DEG C, 27-28 days or so, and mycelia can cover with pocket, and culturing room requires lucifuge, ventilation;
(6) flower bud:After mycelia can cover with pocket, continue to cultivate 7-8 days for 15-20 DEG C of culturing room in temperature, then the temperature of culturing room is down to into 12-15 DEG C, humidity increases to 80-85%, and with scattering light irradiation, strengthens air circulation, kept for 4-5 days, mushroom flower bud is formed, opened mouth is solved, then pocket mushroom room fruiting is moved to into;
(7) management of producing mushroom
After the full pocket of filament length, condition change process should be carried out, increase the temperature difference, give scattering light irradiation, and carry out stand fruiting,
Strict to control mushroom room temperature for 12 DEG C -15 DEG C, humidity is 90% or so, keeps mushroom house flash illumination bright with scattered light, daily windowing ventilation sooner or later 2-3 time, every time ventilation about half an hour;
(8) harvest
Straw mushroom head growth 7-10 days, as straw mushroom head bacteria thorn about 0.5cm, will produce before spore and harvest in time, with pocket knife fructification is removed from sack during harvesting, handle stays less than 1-2 centimetre, once harvests after straw mushroom head, clears up bacterium bag mushroom root and old mycoderma, sack is tightened, even continue to cultivate forming second batch mushroom in 10 days or so.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Nutrition according to required for straw mushroom growth, cultivation base is prepared using the raw material proportioning of science, with wood chip, walnut shell, vinegar grain as major ingredient, while with the addition of health-care Chinese herbal medicinal powder, modified zeolite powder as auxiliary material, to improve the nutrient content of straw mushroom, the health care of straw mushroom is further increased;The modified zeolite powder increased in dispensing, has not only acted as the effect for absorbing heavy metal ion, also acts as the modified of slow release nutrition, and the straw mushroom for cultivating is more healthy;Increased the trace element of straw mushroom and the content of vitamin;Add appropriate land plaster in raw material, improve the disease-resistant and anti-miscellaneous bacteria infection ability of straw mushroom;During the cultural method of straw mushroom of the present invention is prepared, more than ten hour normal-pressure sterilization is continued using 100 degrees Celsius of steam to the cultural method of straw mushroom, effectively killing rate miscellaneous bacteria and virus, it is ensured that straw mushroom healthy growth.
In a word:The straw mushroom that the inventive method is cultivated is nutritious, and trace element and vitamin, the content of calcium are high, the health care also with reducing blood lipid, step-down.And anti-infection ability is strong during straw mushroom fruiting, straw mushroom yield is high, while discarded object is become into edible material, plays the effect for turning waste into wealth, and is that conservation-minded society is made that contribution.
Specific embodiment
L, a kind of Straw mushroom cultivation medium, including the component raw material of following weight (kg):
Wood chip 68, walnut shell 15, goldenrod 5, vinegar grain 2, wheat bran 13, dregs of beans 6, land plaster 1, cicada shedding 1, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2, citric acid waste 1, Japanese Metaplexis Pericarp powder 1, hawthorn powder 0.6, trifoliate-orange leaf powder 2, modified zeolite powder 4;
2nd, with the method for above-mentioned cultivation base cultivating straw mushroom:
(1) cultivation base is prepared
A, nutrient solution is prepared first:By weight (g), by folium panacis japonici cum caule 48, leaves of Hawthorn 15, lotus leaf 14, RADIX POLYGONI MULTIFLORI PREPARATA 3, rhubarb 6, Chinese yam 5, adhesive rehmannia flower 9, sponge gourd flower 13, with running water soak 1 hour after, adding mealy potato 8, Kelp Powder 3, the water for adding 3 times of solid material weight again is boiled altogether, micro-boiling 40-50 minute, filter and remove residue obtains digestion liquid, filter residue is added in planting material, the 2% of digestion liquid weight sucrose, 0.4% urea are added in digestion liquid, 0.4% ammonium molybdate, 0. 06% ferrous sulfate, vitamin A 0.01%, dissolving is fully obtained nutrient solution;
The preparation method of B, modified zeolite powder:
Zeolite is calcined 4 hours at 700 DEG C, powder is then ground to, then zeolite powder is put into into immersion in the above-mentioned nutrient solution for preparing of 1.5 times of zeolite powder weight, blot liquid, filtration drying obtains modified zeolite powder;
C, by weight (kg) weigh following component raw material:
Wood chip 65-70, walnut shell 12-17, goldenrod 5-6, vinegar grain 1-2, wheat bran 12-15, dregs of beans 6-7, land plaster 1-2, cicada shedding 2-3, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3-0.5, citric acid waste 1-2, gynostemma pentaphyllum powder 1-2, Japanese Metaplexis Pericarp powder 1-2, hawthorn powder 0.7-1.0, trifoliate-orange leaf powder 2-3, modified zeolite powder 3-4
(2) by wood chip, walnut shell, the particle of 4-5mm is cut into, is then put it in 6% limewash and is soaked 22 hours, then pulled out and rinsed 2 times with clear water, drain, phosphoric acid the second light industry bureau potassium is dissolved in water, wheat bran is added and is fully mixed thoroughly, finally mix all raw materials, and add appropriate water, stir, obtain compost, the water content of compost is 69%:
(3) pack:It is after spice, stockpile is in heaps slightly vexed 25 minutes, it is sufficiently humidified so as to material, load low-pressure polyethylene polybag of the specification for 15 × 55cm, per packed wet feed 0. 7kg, before charging first by sack one tied with cotton rope, by material compacting during charging, upper and lower elasticity is consistent, and sack will be wiped clean, to avoid miscellaneous bacteria from invading from sack, after filling material, ventilation inoculation hole is stamped from central authorities, per bag is made a call to 5 holes, again another mouth is tightened with cotton rope, be put into sterilizing in autoclave;
(4) sterilize:After the normal pressure at a temperature of 100 DEG C, sterilizing 13 hours, stop heating, vexed 4 hours in autoclave, then take out pocket, allow its natural cooling;
(5) inoculation, culture:When planting material temperature is reduced to less than 29 DEG C, routinely aseptic inoculation method is inoculated with rapidly, postvaccinal bacterium bag is sent to the culturing room sterilized carries out lucifuge culture, the humid control of culturing room is between 60-65%, culture room temperature is maintained at 22-24 DEG C, the temperature of the 1st week culturing room should be controlled between 24-23 DEG C, the temperature of the 2nd week culturing room should be controlled between 21-22 DEG C, the temperature of the 3rd Zhou Shi culturing room should be controlled between 18-20 DEG C, 28 days or so, mycelia can cover with pocket, and culturing room requires lucifuge, ventilation;
(6) flower bud:After mycelia can cover with pocket, continue to cultivate 78 days in the culturing room that temperature is 18 22 DEG C, then the temperature of culturing room is down to into 15 DEG C, humidity increases to 85%, and with scattering light irradiation, strengthen air circulation, kept for 4-5 days, mushroom flower bud is formed, opened mouth is solved, then pocket mushroom room fruiting is moved to into;
(7) management of producing mushroom
After the full pocket of filament length, condition change process should be carried out, increase the temperature difference, scattering light irradiation is given, and carries out stand fruiting, strictly control mushroom room temperature for 16 DEG C, humidity is 9090 or so, keep mushroom house flash illumination bright with scattered light, daily windowing ventilation sooner or later 23 times, every time ventilation about half an hour;
(8) harvest
Straw mushroom head growth 8 days, as straw mushroom head bacteria thorn about 0.5cm, is removed fructification from sack with pocket knife, and handle stays less than 1-2 centimetre, is once harvested after straw mushroom head, clears up bacterium bag mushroom root and old mycoderma, tightens sack, even continue to cultivate forming second batch mushrooms in 10 days or so.3-4 can typically be harvested damp.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of Straw mushroom cultivation medium, it is characterised in that including the component raw material of following weight portion:
Wood chip 60-65, walnut shell 10-15, vinegar grain 1-4, wheat bran 10- 13, dregs of beans 6-7, land plaster 1-2, cicada shedding 2-3, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3-0.5, citric acid waste 1-2, Japanese Metaplexis Pericarp powder 1-2, hawthorn powder 0.7-1.0, trifoliate-orange leaf powder 2-3, modified zeolite powder 3-4;
The preparation method of modified zeolite powder:
Zeolite is calcined into 3-4 hours in 600-800, powder is then ground to, then zeolite is put into into immersion 1-2 hours in nutrient solution, filtration drying obtains modified zeolite powder.
2. the method for Straw mushroom cultivation medium cultivating straw mushroom as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) following component raw material is weighed by weight:
Wood chip 60-65, walnut shell 10-15, vinegar grain 1-4, wheat bran 10- 13, dregs of beans 6-7, land plaster 1-2, cicada shedding 2-3, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3-0.5, citric acid waste 1-2, Japanese Metaplexis Pericarp powder 1-2, hawthorn powder 0.7-1.0, trifoliate-orange leaf powder 2-3, modified zeolite powder 3-4;
The preparation method of modified zeolite powder:
Zeolite is calcined into 3-4 hours in 600-800, powder is then ground to, then zeolite is put into into immersion 1-2 hours in nutrient solution, filtration drying obtains modified zeolite powder;
The preparation of described nutrient solution:
By weight, by 40-50 parts of folium panacis japonici cum caule, 11-18 parts of leaves of Hawthorn, 15 parts of lotus leaf 10-, 3-4 parts of RADIX POLYGONI MULTIFLORI PREPARATA, rhubarb 5-7 parts, Chinese yam 5-6 parts, adhesive rehmannia flower 8-10 parts, sponge gourd flower 10-15 part, with running water soak 1 hour after, adding mealy potato 5-10 parts, Kelp Powder 2-4 parts, the water for adding solid material gross weight 2-3 times again is boiled altogether, micro-boiling 40-50 minute, filter and remove residue obtains digestion liquid, and filter residue is added in planting material, and the 1 of digestion liquid weight is added in digestion liquid - 2% sucrose, the urea of 0.2-0. 4%, the ammonium molybdate of 0.3-0. 5%, the ferrous sulfate of 0.08-0.12%, the 01-0. 02% of vitamin A 0., dissolving is fully obtained nutrient solution;
(2) by wood chip, walnut shell, the particle of 4-5mm is cut into, immersion 18-20 hours in the limewash of 5-6% are then put it into, is then pulled out and is rinsed 2-3 time with clear water, drain, phosphoric acid the second light industry bureau potassium is dissolved in water, wheat bran is added and is fully mixed thoroughly, finally mix all raw materials, and add appropriate water, stir, obtain compost, the water content of compost is 68-72%;
(3) pack:After spice, by stockpile slightly vexed 20-30 minutes in heaps, it is sufficiently humidified so as to material, load low-pressure polyethylene polybag of the specification for 15 × 55cm, per packed wet feed 0. 5-0. 7kg, before charging first by sack one tied with cotton rope, material is compacted during charging, up and down elasticity is consistent, and sack will be wiped clean, to avoid miscellaneous bacteria from invading from sack, after filling material, again another mouth is tightened with cotton rope, be put into sterilizing in autoclave;
(4) sterilize:After the normal pressure at a temperature of 100 DEG C -105 DEG C, sterilizing -15 hours 12 hours, stop heating, vexed 3-4 hours, then take out pocket in autoclave, allow its natural cooling;
(5) inoculation, culture:When planting material temperature is reduced to less than 29 DEG C, routinely aseptic inoculation method is inoculated with rapidly, and postvaccinal bacterium bag is sent to the culturing room sterilized carries out lucifuge culture, and between 60-65%, culture room temperature is maintained at 22 to the humid control of culturing room - 24 DEG C, the temperature of the 1st week culturing room should be controlled between 24-23 DEG C, the 2nd week culturing room
Temperature should be controlled between 21-22 DEG C, the temperature of the 3rd Zhou Shi culturing room should be controlled between 18-20 DEG C, 27-28 days or so, and mycelia can cover with pocket, and culturing room requires lucifuge, ventilation;
(6) flower bud:After mycelia can cover with pocket, continue to cultivate 7-8 days for 15-20 DEG C of culturing room in temperature, then the temperature of culturing room is down to into 12-15 DEG C, humidity increases to 80-85%, and with scattering light irradiation, strengthens air circulation, kept for 4-5 days, mushroom flower bud is formed, opened mouth is solved, then pocket mushroom room fruiting is moved to into;
(7) management of producing mushroom
After the full pocket of filament length, condition change process should be carried out, increase the temperature difference, give scattering light irradiation, and carry out stand fruiting,
Strict to control mushroom room temperature for 12 DEG C -15 DEG C, humidity is 90% or so, keeps mushroom house flash illumination bright with scattered light, daily windowing ventilation sooner or later 2-3 time, every time ventilation about half an hour;
(8) harvest
Straw mushroom head growth 7-10 days, as straw mushroom head bacteria thorn about 0.5cm, will produce before spore and harvest in time, with pocket knife fructification is removed from sack during harvesting, handle stays less than 1-2 centimetre, once harvests after straw mushroom head, clears up bacterium bag mushroom root and old mycoderma, sack is tightened, even continue to cultivate forming second batch mushroom in 10 days or so.
CN201510667616.9A 2015-10-16 2015-10-16 Cultivation medium for straw mushrooms and cultivation method for straw mushrooms Pending CN106588226A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107360857A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-11-21 徐州龙兴农牧科技发展有限公司 A kind of cultural method of straw mushroom
CN107787764A (en) * 2017-10-23 2018-03-13 太湖县金江源农业发展有限公司 High-quality eats the cultural method of pleurotus eryngii
CN108476865A (en) * 2018-05-11 2018-09-04 重庆市农业科学院 A kind of material culture of agaricus bisporus and preparation method thereof
CN108522143A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-09-14 贵州永成利生态农业有限公司 A kind of big foot mushroom cultivation base and its cultural method
CN108713446A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-10-30 天津农学院 A kind of double-colored true pleurotus cornucopiae cultural method

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107360857A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-11-21 徐州龙兴农牧科技发展有限公司 A kind of cultural method of straw mushroom
CN107787764A (en) * 2017-10-23 2018-03-13 太湖县金江源农业发展有限公司 High-quality eats the cultural method of pleurotus eryngii
CN108476865A (en) * 2018-05-11 2018-09-04 重庆市农业科学院 A kind of material culture of agaricus bisporus and preparation method thereof
CN108476865B (en) * 2018-05-11 2020-09-18 重庆市农业科学院 Agaricus bisporus culture material and preparation method thereof
CN108522143A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-09-14 贵州永成利生态农业有限公司 A kind of big foot mushroom cultivation base and its cultural method
CN108713446A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-10-30 天津农学院 A kind of double-colored true pleurotus cornucopiae cultural method

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Application publication date: 20170426