CN105481523A - Straw mushroom cultivation medium and cultivation method - Google Patents
Straw mushroom cultivation medium and cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105481523A CN105481523A CN201410477006.8A CN201410477006A CN105481523A CN 105481523 A CN105481523 A CN 105481523A CN 201410477006 A CN201410477006 A CN 201410477006A CN 105481523 A CN105481523 A CN 105481523A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a straw mushroom cultivation method. An adopted cultivation medium is prepared from the following components, by weight: 60-65 parts of sawdust, 10-15 parts of walnut shell, 1-4 parts of vinegar residue, 10-13 parts of wheat bran, 5-8 parts of soybean meal, 1-2 parts of gypsum powder, 2-3 parts of cicada slough powder, 0.2-0.3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of citric acid residue, 1-2 parts of Japamese metaplexis pericarp powder, 0.7-1.0 parts of hawthorn powder, 2-3 parts of trifoliate orange leaf powder, and 3-4 parts of modified zeolite powder. According to the invention, the components are mixed according to the certain ratio, and the mixture is well mixed with water; the mixture is bagged, sterilized, and inoculated; spawn running is carried out in a spawn running room; fruiting is carried out, and harvesting is carried out. The cultivation medium provided by the invention has a scientific formula. With the medium, the obtained straw mushrooms are rich in nutrients, and have high contents of trace elements, vitamins and calcium. The straw mushrooms also have an antihypertensive healthcare function. During the straw mushroom fruiting period, the infection resistance is high, and straw mushroom yield is high. Also, waste is turned into edible substances, such that the waste can be utilized, and a contribution is made to a conservation-minded society.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique, be specifically related to a kind of Straw mushroom cultivation medium and cultivating method thereof.
Background technology
Straw mushroom originates from the Nanhua Temple in Shaoguan, Guangdong, 300 Nian Qian China start artificial culture, be about in this century and import countries in the world into by overseas Chinese the thirties, it is a kind of important tropical and subtropical zone mushroom class, it is the third-largest culturing edible fungus in the world, China's straw mushroom output occupies first of the world, is mainly distributed in South China.Straw mushroom is nutritious, delicious flavour.The fresh mushroom of every 100g is containing 207.7mg vitamins C, and 2.6g sugar, 2.68g crude protein, 2.24g is fatty, 0.91g ash content.Straw mushroom protein is containing 18 seed amino acids, and wherein indispensable amino acid accounts for 40.47-44.47%.In addition, also containing multiple mineral elements such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium.
Straw mushroom is a kind of S fungi.Fresh mushroom meat fertilizer is tender, and local flavor is delicious, is the delicious food that feast is foretold.Fresh straw mushroom is nutritious, particularly containing a large amount of vitamins C, analyzes according to Guangdong Microbes Inst, every 100 grams of fresh mushroom content up to 158 1 206 milligrams, considerably beyond the vitamin contents of general vegetables.Straw mushroom is also containing polysaccharide and isomerism protein, and often the edible immunological competence that can strengthen human body, reduces cholesterol and hypertension, and can preventing cancer.Therefore, straw mushroom is as a kind of protective foods and high-grade vegetables, very popular.Its product both can freshly be sold, also can tank processed, quick-frozen and drying, being a kind of edible fungi having development prospect, is also the key farm products that China's export is earned foreign exchange.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the cultivating method of a kind of straw mushroom.The straw mushroom that the inventive method cultivates contains outside the original whole nutrition of straw mushroom, increases lipopenicillinase composition again, long-term edible effect that can play reduction blood fat and blood pressure.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows for achieving the above object:
A kind of Straw mushroom cultivation medium, comprises the component raw material of following weight part:
Wood chip 60-65, nut-shell 10-15, vinegar grain 1-4, wheat bran 10-13, dregs of beans 6-7, terra alba 1-2, cicada shedding 2-3, potassium primary phosphate 0.3-0.5, citric acid waste 1-2, Shell of Japanese Metaplexis powder 1-2, hawthorn powder 0.7-1.0, Leaf of Trifoliate-orange powder 2-3, modified zeolite powder 3-4;
The preparation method of modified zeolite powder:
Zeolite is calcined 3-4 hour, then grind into powder at 600-800, then zeolite is put into nutritive medium soaks 1-2 hour, filtration drying, namely obtain modified zeolite powder.
Comprise the following steps:
(1) following component raw material is taken by weight:
Wood chip 60-65, nut-shell 10-15, vinegar grain 1-4, wheat bran 10-13, dregs of beans 6-7, terra alba 1-2, cicada shedding 2-3, potassium primary phosphate 0.3-0.5, citric acid waste 1-2, Shell of Japanese Metaplexis powder 1-2, hawthorn powder 0.7-1.0, Leaf of Trifoliate-orange powder 2-3, modified zeolite powder 3-4;
The preparation method of modified zeolite powder:
Zeolite is calcined 3-4 hour, then grind into powder at 600-800, then zeolite is put into nutritive medium soaks 1-2 hour, filtration drying, namely obtain modified zeolite powder;
The preparation of described nutritive medium:
By weight, by Ginseng Leaf 40-50 part, Howthorn Leaf 11-18 part, lotus leaf 10-15 part, Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata 3-4 part, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (processed) 5-7 part, Chinese yam 5-6 part, Fols Rehmanniae 8-10 part, Flower of Luffa 10-15 part, after soaking 1 hour with tap water, adding mealy potato 5-10 part, Kelp Powder 2-4 part, add solid materials gross weight 2-3 water doubly again to boil altogether, micro-40-50 minute that boils, filter and remove residue obtains digestion liquid, filter residue joins in planting material, the sucrose of the 1-2% of digestion liquid weight is added again in digestion liquid, 0.2-0.4% urea, the ammonium molybdate of 0.3-0.5%, the ferrous sulfate of 0.08-0.12%, vitamin A 0.01-0.02%, dissolve and fully can obtain nutritive medium,
(2) by wood chip, nut-shell, be cut into the particle of 4-5mm, then put it in the liming of 5-6% and soak 18-20 hour, then pull out and rinse 2-3 time with clear water, drain, phosphoric acid the second light industry bureau potassium is dissolved in water, then adds wheat bran and fully mix thoroughly, finally all raw materials are mixed, and add appropriate water, stir, obtain culture material, the water content of culture material is 68-72%;
(3) pack: after spice, by slightly vexed 20-30 minute in heaps for stockpile, make material fully moistening, load the low pressure polyethylene plastics bag that specification is 15 × 55cm, every packed wet feed 0.5-0.7kg, first tied with cotton rope by sack one before charging, when filling with substance will expect compacting, upper and lower elasticity wants consistent, and sack will be wiped clean, to avoid miscellaneous bacteria to invade from sack, after filling material, with cotton rope, another mouth is tightened again, put into Autoclave sterilizing;
(4) sterilizing: normal pressure at the temperature of 100 DEG C-105 DEG C, sterilizing is after 12 hours-15 hours, stops heating, vexed 3-4 hour in Autoclave, then taken out by pocket, allows its naturally cooling;
(5) inoculate, cultivate: when planting material temperature is reduced to less than 29 DEG C, aseptic inoculation method is inoculated rapidly routinely, postvaccinal bacterium bag is sent to the culturing room of having sterilized and carries out lucifuge cultivation, the humid control of culturing room is between 60-65%, culturing room's temperature remains on 22-24 DEG C, the temperature of the 1st week culturing room should control between 24-23 DEG C, the 2nd week culturing room
Temperature should control between 21-22 DEG C, the temperature of the 3rd Zhou Shi culturing room should control between 18-20 DEG C, and about 27-28 days, mycelia can cover with pocket, and culturing room requires lucifuge, ventilation;
(6) flower bud is urged: after mycelia can cover with pocket, continue to cultivate 7-8 days in the culturing room that temperature is 15-20 DEG C, then the temperature of culturing room is down to 12-15 DEG C, humidity is increased to 80-85%, and irradiates with scattered light, strengthens air circulation, keep 4-5 days, form mushroom flower bud, separate opened mouth, then pocket is moved to mushroom room fruiting;
(7) management of producing mushroom
After the full pocket of filament length, condition of should carrying out changes process, strengthens the temperature difference, gives scattered light and irradiates, and carry out stand fruiting,
Strict control mushroom room temperature is 12 DEG C-15 DEG C, and humidity is about 90%, keeps the flash illumination of mushroom room bright with scattered light, and ventilation 2-3 time of sooner or later windowing every day, ventilates about half an hour at every turn;
(8) gather
Straw mushroom head growth 7-10 days, when straw mushroom head bacterium stings about 0.5cm, gather in time before being about to produce spore, sporophore is taken off from sack with pocket knife when gathering, handle stays less than 1-2 centimetre, after straw mushroom head of once gathering, and cleaning bacterium bag mushroom root and old mycoderma, tighten sack, even continue cultivation about 10 days to form second batch mushroom.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
According to the nutrition required for straw mushroom growth, the proportioning raw materials preparation cultivation base of employing science, with wood chip, nut-shell, vinegar grain for major ingredient, with the addition of health-care Chinese herbal medicinal powder, modified zeolite powder as auxiliary material simultaneously, to improve the nutritive ingredient of straw mushroom, further increase the nourishing function of straw mushroom; The modified zeolite powder increased in batching, not only serve the effect absorbing heavy metal ion, also play the modification of slow releasing nutrition, the straw mushroom cultivated is more healthy; Add the trace element of straw mushroom and the content of VITAMIN; Add appropriate terra alba in raw material, improve the disease-resistant of straw mushroom and anti-miscellaneous bacteria infection ability; In the process of the cultivating method of preparation straw mushroom of the present invention, adopt 100 degrees Celsius of steam to continue tens hours normal-pressure sterilizations, effectively killing rate miscellaneous bacteria and virus to the cultivating method of straw mushroom, ensure that straw mushroom healthy growth.
In a word: the straw mushroom that the inventive method cultivates is nutritious, trace element and VITAMIN, calcium content high, also there is the nourishing function of reducing blood-fat, step-down.And anti-infection ability is strong during straw mushroom fruiting, straw mushroom output is high, waste is become edible material simultaneously, plays the effect turned waste into wealth, for conservation-minded society has made contribution.
Embodiment
L, a kind of Straw mushroom cultivation medium, comprise the component raw material of following weight (kg):
Wood chip 68, nut-shell 15, Herba Solidaginis 5, vinegar grain 2, wheat bran 13, dregs of beans 6, terra alba 1, cicada shedding 1, potassium primary phosphate 0.2, citric acid waste 1, Shell of Japanese Metaplexis powder 1, hawthorn powder 0.6, Leaf of Trifoliate-orange powder 2, modified zeolite powder 4;
2, by the method for above-mentioned cultivation base cultivating straw mushroom:
(1) cultivation base is prepared
A, first nutritive medium is prepared: by weight (g), by Ginseng Leaf 48, Howthorn Leaf 15, lotus leaf 14, Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata 3, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (processed) 6, Chinese yam 5, Fols Rehmanniae 9, Flower of Luffa 13, after soaking 1 hour with tap water, adding mealy potato 8, Kelp Powder 3, the water adding solid materials weight 3 times again boils altogether, micro-40-50 minute that boils, filter and remove residue obtains digestion liquid, filter residue joins in planting material, the sucrose of 2% of digestion liquid weight is added again in digestion liquid, 0.4% urea, the ammonium molybdate of 0.4%, the ferrous sulfate of 0.06%, vitamin A 0.01%, dissolve and fully can obtain nutritive medium,
The preparation method of B, modified zeolite powder:
Zeolite is calcined 4 hours at 700 DEG C, then grind into powder, then zeolite powder is put into the above-mentioned nutritive medium prepared of zeolite powder weight 1.5 times and soak, blot liquid, filtration drying, namely obtain modified zeolite powder;
C, by weight (kg) take following component raw material:
Wood chip 65-70, nut-shell 12-17, Herba Solidaginis 5-6, vinegar grain 1-2, wheat bran 12-15, dregs of beans 6-7, terra alba 1-2, cicada shedding 2-3, potassium primary phosphate 0.3-0.5, citric acid waste 1-2, gynostemma pentaphyllum powder 1-2, Shell of Japanese Metaplexis powder 1-2, hawthorn powder 0.7-1.0, Leaf of Trifoliate-orange powder 2-3, modified zeolite powder 3-4
(2) by wood chip, nut-shell, be cut into the particle of 4-5mm, then put it in the liming of 6% and soak 22 hours, then pull out and rinse 2 times with clear water, drain, phosphoric acid the second light industry bureau potassium is dissolved in water, then adds wheat bran and fully mix thoroughly, finally all raw materials are mixed, and add appropriate water, stir, obtain culture material, the water content of culture material is 69%:
(3) pack: after spice, by slightly vexed 25 minutes in heaps for stockpile, make material fully moistening, load the low pressure polyethylene plastics bag that specification is 15 × 55cm, every packed wet feed 0.7kg, first ties sack one with cotton rope before charging, when filling with substance will expect compacting, and upper and lower elasticity wants consistent, and sack will be wiped clean, invade from sack to avoid miscellaneous bacteria, after filling material, stamp ventilation inoculation hole from central authorities, make a call to 5 holes for every bag, with cotton rope, another mouth is tightened again, put into Autoclave sterilizing;
(4) sterilizing: normal pressure at the temperature of 100 DEG C, sterilizing is after 13 hours, stops heating, in Autoclave vexed 4 hours, then taken out by pocket, allows its naturally cooling;
(5) inoculate, cultivate: when planting material temperature is reduced to less than 29 DEG C, aseptic inoculation method is inoculated rapidly routinely, postvaccinal bacterium bag is sent to the culturing room of having sterilized and carries out lucifuge cultivation, the humid control of culturing room is between 60-65%, culturing room's temperature remains on 22-24 DEG C, the temperature of the 1st week culturing room should control between 24-23 DEG C, the temperature of the 2nd week culturing room should control between 21-22 DEG C, the temperature of the 3rd Zhou Shi culturing room should control between 18-20 DEG C, about 28 days, mycelia can cover with pocket, and culturing room requires lucifuge, ventilation;
(6) flower bud is urged: after mycelia can cover with pocket, the culturing room being 1822 DEG C in temperature continues cultivation 78 days, then the temperature of culturing room is down to 15 DEG C, humidity is increased to 85%, and irradiates with scattered light, strengthens air circulation, keep 4-5 days, form mushroom flower bud, separate opened mouth, then pocket is moved to mushroom room fruiting;
(7) management of producing mushroom
After the full pocket of filament length, condition of should carrying out changes process, strengthen the temperature difference, give scattered light to irradiate, and carry out stand fruiting, strict control mushroom room temperature is 16 DEG C, humidity is about 9090, keep the flash illumination of mushroom room bright with scattered light, ventilation 23 times of sooner or later windowing every day, ventilates about half an hour at every turn;
(8) gather
Straw mushroom head growth 8 days, when straw mushroom head bacterium stings about 0.5cm, sporophore taken off from sack with pocket knife, handle stays less than 1-2 centimetre, and after straw mushroom head of once gathering, cleaning bacterium bag mushroom root and old mycoderma, tighten sack, even continue cultivation about 10 days to form second batch mushroom.Generally can to gather 3-4 tide.
Claims (2)
1. a Straw mushroom cultivation medium, is characterized in that, comprises the component raw material of following weight part:
Wood chip 60-65, nut-shell 10-15, vinegar grain 1-4, wheat bran 10-13, dregs of beans 6-7, terra alba 1-2, cicada shedding 2-3, potassium primary phosphate 0.3-0.5, citric acid waste 1-2, Shell of Japanese Metaplexis powder 1-2, hawthorn powder 0.7-1.0, Leaf of Trifoliate-orange powder 2-3, modified zeolite powder 3-4;
The preparation method of modified zeolite powder:
Zeolite is calcined 3-4 hour, then grind into powder at 600-800, then zeolite is put into nutritive medium soaks 1-2 hour, filtration drying, namely obtain modified zeolite powder.
2. the method for Straw mushroom cultivation medium cultivating straw mushroom as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) following component raw material is taken by weight:
Wood chip 60-65, nut-shell 10-15, vinegar grain 1-4, wheat bran 10-13, dregs of beans 6-7, terra alba 1-2, cicada shedding 2-3, potassium primary phosphate 0.3-0.5, citric acid waste 1-2, Shell of Japanese Metaplexis powder 1-2, hawthorn powder 0.7-1.0, Leaf of Trifoliate-orange powder 2-3, modified zeolite powder 3-4;
The preparation method of modified zeolite powder:
Zeolite is calcined 3-4 hour, then grind into powder at 600-800, then zeolite is put into nutritive medium soaks 1-2 hour, filtration drying, namely obtain modified zeolite powder;
The preparation of described nutritive medium:
By weight, by Ginseng Leaf 40-50 part, Howthorn Leaf 11-18 part, lotus leaf 10-15 part, Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata 3-4 part, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (processed) 5-7 part, Chinese yam 5-6 part, Fols Rehmanniae 8-10 part, Flower of Luffa 10-15 part, after soaking 1 hour with tap water, adding mealy potato 5-10 part, Kelp Powder 2-4 part, add solid materials gross weight 2-3 water doubly again to boil altogether, micro-40-50 minute that boils, filter and remove residue obtains digestion liquid, filter residue joins in planting material, the sucrose of the 1-2% of digestion liquid weight is added again in digestion liquid, 0.2-0.4% urea, the ammonium molybdate of 0.3-0.5%, the ferrous sulfate of 0.08-0.12%, vitamin A 0.01-0.02%, dissolve and fully can obtain nutritive medium,
(2) by wood chip, nut-shell, be cut into the particle of 4-5mm, then put it in the liming of 5-6% and soak 18-20 hour, then pull out and rinse 2-3 time with clear water, drain, phosphoric acid the second light industry bureau potassium is dissolved in water, then adds wheat bran and fully mix thoroughly, finally all raw materials are mixed, and add appropriate water, stir, obtain culture material, the water content of culture material is 68-72%;
(3) pack: after spice, by slightly vexed 20-30 minute in heaps for stockpile, make material fully moistening, load the low pressure polyethylene plastics bag that specification is 15 × 55cm, every packed wet feed 0.5-0.7kg, first tied with cotton rope by sack one before charging, when filling with substance will expect compacting, upper and lower elasticity wants consistent, and sack will be wiped clean, to avoid miscellaneous bacteria to invade from sack, after filling material, with cotton rope, another mouth is tightened again, put into Autoclave sterilizing;
(4) sterilizing: normal pressure at the temperature of 100 DEG C-105 DEG C, sterilizing is after 12 hours-15 hours, stops heating, vexed 3-4 hour in Autoclave, then taken out by pocket, allows its naturally cooling;
(5) inoculate, cultivate: when planting material temperature is reduced to less than 29 DEG C, aseptic inoculation method is inoculated rapidly routinely, postvaccinal bacterium bag is sent to the culturing room of having sterilized and carries out lucifuge cultivation, the humid control of culturing room is between 60-65%, culturing room's temperature remains on 22-24 DEG C, the temperature of the 1st week culturing room should control between 24-23 DEG C, the 2nd week culturing room
Temperature should control between 21-22 DEG C, the temperature of the 3rd Zhou Shi culturing room should control between 18-20 DEG C, and about 27-28 days, mycelia can cover with pocket, and culturing room requires lucifuge, ventilation;
(6) flower bud is urged: after mycelia can cover with pocket, continue to cultivate 7-8 days in the culturing room that temperature is 15-20 DEG C, then the temperature of culturing room is down to 12-15 DEG C, humidity is increased to 80-85%, and irradiates with scattered light, strengthens air circulation, keep 4-5 days, form mushroom flower bud, separate opened mouth, then pocket is moved to mushroom room fruiting;
(7) management of producing mushroom
After the full pocket of filament length, condition of should carrying out changes process, strengthens the temperature difference, gives scattered light and irradiates, and carry out stand fruiting,
Strict control mushroom room temperature is 12 DEG C-15 DEG C, and humidity is about 90%, keeps the flash illumination of mushroom room bright with scattered light, and ventilation 2-3 time of sooner or later windowing every day, ventilates about half an hour at every turn;
(8) gather
Straw mushroom head growth 7-10 days, when straw mushroom head bacterium stings about 0.5cm, gather in time before being about to produce spore, sporophore is taken off from sack with pocket knife when gathering, handle stays less than 1-2 centimetre, after straw mushroom head of once gathering, and cleaning bacterium bag mushroom root and old mycoderma, tighten sack, even continue cultivation about 10 days to form second batch mushroom.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106386166A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 江西省鲜禾生态农业发展有限公司 | Cultivation technology for straw mushrooms |
| CN106613667A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-10 | 广西金神农生态农业科技开发有限公司 | Hawthorn, straw mushroom and agaric interplanting method |
| CN106818915A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-06-13 | 河池市农业科学研究所 | A kind of black fungus growth regulator |
| CN107079708A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-08-22 | 广西职业技术学院 | A kind of pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran cured material bag-cultured straw mushroom volume production pattern |
| CN107114116A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-09-01 | 广西职业技术学院 | A kind of pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran cured material bag-cultured straw mushroom moisturizing yield-increasing technology |
| CN107173049A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2017-09-19 | 农立艳 | A kind of pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran cured material bag-cultured straw mushroom volume production pattern |
| CN107711283A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-23 | 广西浙缘农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of coprinus comatus |
| CN108522143A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-09-14 | 贵州永成利生态农业有限公司 | A kind of big foot mushroom cultivation base and its cultural method |
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2014
- 2014-09-18 CN CN201410477006.8A patent/CN105481523A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106386166A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 江西省鲜禾生态农业发展有限公司 | Cultivation technology for straw mushrooms |
| CN107173049A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2017-09-19 | 农立艳 | A kind of pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran cured material bag-cultured straw mushroom volume production pattern |
| CN107079708A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-08-22 | 广西职业技术学院 | A kind of pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran cured material bag-cultured straw mushroom volume production pattern |
| CN107114116A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-09-01 | 广西职业技术学院 | A kind of pleurotus eryngii mushroom bran cured material bag-cultured straw mushroom moisturizing yield-increasing technology |
| CN106818915A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-06-13 | 河池市农业科学研究所 | A kind of black fungus growth regulator |
| CN106613667A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-10 | 广西金神农生态农业科技开发有限公司 | Hawthorn, straw mushroom and agaric interplanting method |
| CN107711283A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-23 | 广西浙缘农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of coprinus comatus |
| CN108522143A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-09-14 | 贵州永成利生态农业有限公司 | A kind of big foot mushroom cultivation base and its cultural method |
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