CN106586009A - Unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents

Unmanned aerial vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106586009A
CN106586009A CN201610959728.6A CN201610959728A CN106586009A CN 106586009 A CN106586009 A CN 106586009A CN 201610959728 A CN201610959728 A CN 201610959728A CN 106586009 A CN106586009 A CN 106586009A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
head
unmanned plane
protective cover
linking arm
cradle head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201610959728.6A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘东方
朱思豪
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jiangsu Cloud Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Jiangsu Cloud Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jiangsu Cloud Intelligent Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Jiangsu Cloud Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN201610959728.6A priority Critical patent/CN106586009A/en
Publication of CN106586009A publication Critical patent/CN106586009A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D47/00Equipment not otherwise provided for
    • B64D47/08Arrangements of cameras
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C1/00Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C25/00Alighting gear
    • B64C25/02Undercarriages
    • B64C25/08Undercarriages non-fixed, e.g. jettisonable
    • B64C25/10Undercarriages non-fixed, e.g. jettisonable retractable, foldable, or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C27/00Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
    • B64C27/04Helicopters
    • B64C27/08Helicopters with two or more rotors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/04Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/04Control of altitude or depth
    • G05D1/042Control of altitude or depth specially adapted for aircraft
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/08Control of attitude, i.e. control of roll, pitch, or yaw
    • G05D1/0808Control of attitude, i.e. control of roll, pitch, or yaw specially adapted for aircraft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C1/00Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
    • B64C2001/0054Fuselage structures substantially made from particular materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2101/00UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
    • B64U2101/30UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for imaging, photography or videography
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2201/00UAVs characterised by their flight controls
    • B64U2201/10UAVs characterised by their flight controls autonomous, i.e. by navigating independently from ground or air stations, e.g. by using inertial navigation systems [INS]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, a cradle head and a shooting device, wherein the shooting device is installed at the lower part of the cradle head, the cradle head comprises an upper cradle head plate, a cradle head damping ball and a lower cradle head plate, the cradle head damping ball is connected with the upper cradle head plate and the lower cradle head plate respectively, and the lower cradle head plate is connected with a rotary motor. The used unmanned aerial vehicle can better meet requirements of power line inspection and is compatible with multi-functional devices to meet requirements of long-line power line inspection, self-stabilizing multi-angle zooming shot and self protection.

Description

A kind of unmanned plane
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of unmanned plane field, more particularly to a kind of unmanned plane wireless remote control of power-line patrolling, control and Machine Design.
Background technology
UAV referred to as " unmanned plane ", is manipulated using radio robot and the presetting apparatus provided for oneself Not manned aircraft.Unmanned plane have small volume, low lightweight, expense, flexible operation, it is safe the characteristics of, extensively application In taking photo by plane, detect, search and rescue, the field such as resource exploration.Had been provided with using unmanned plane inspection power circuit technical feasible Property, propulsion unmanned plane boat is patrolled Research Work of Power Transmission Line and is provided with actual realistic meaning.Unmanned plane power-line patrolling is by speed faster The various equipment situations of the comprehensive inspection circuit of degree and electric tower, while the precision instrument for carrying can detect profound circuit event Barrier and hidden fault, data are returned in time, and problem real-time processing, the safety and Effec-tive Function for electrical network provides important leverage.Mesh Before, the unmanned plane course of work has problems with:
1), due to using driven by power, the material for using mostly is plastics glass-fiber-plate etc. for current most four axles, six axle aircraft, Cause that unmanned aerial vehicle body volume is excessive, fuselage is overweight;
2) most unmanned planes carry head with airframe structure complexity, it is impossible to be fully achieved 360 ° and shoot without dead angle, or even Partial angle is blocked by fixed landing gear, and camera protection device when lacking urgent landing;
3) unmanned plane itself awing has that shake is big, it is strong to shake, and is that quality is taken photo by plane in guarantee and protection is taken photo by plane Equipment, need using from steady head using cooperatively the equipment of taking photo by plane;
4) most UAV flight's cameras cannot artificially manipulate focusing, and shooting image can not be entered fully according to our requirement Row zoom, it is impossible to which satisfied monitoring image is provided;
5) unmanned plane during flying height is more on market determines according to atmospheric pressure, and inside even from weather is larger, error easily occurs, And obstacle avoidance apparatus are seldom carried, security has much room for improvement.
Existing market exist unmanned plane mostly be take photo by plane, plant protection, mapping it is involved, it is impossible to meet application demand well.Lead When cause is used every time, cruising ability is not enough, cumbersome, cost increases, and is not easy to long transmission line power-line patrolling, not readily portable.
For this purpose, we research and develop and devise this kind of power-line patrolling unmanned plane.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the invention is intended to provide a kind of unmanned plane, power-line patrolling demand is more preferably met, while compatible Multi-functional equipment, to meet long transmission line power-line patrolling requirement, requires, self-protection is required from steady multi-angle zoom shot.Tool Body technique scheme is:
Capture apparatus are installed in a kind of unmanned plane, including unmanned plane during flying device, head and capture apparatus, the head bottom, The head includes head upper plate, head shock-absorbing ball and head lower plate, and the head shock-absorbing ball connects respectively the head upper plate With head lower plate, the head lower plate connection electric rotating machine.
Further, the head is, from steady head, to be controlled using three axles.
Further, the head also includes the first head linking arm and the second head linking arm, and first head connects Connect arm one end to be connected with the electric rotating machine, the other end with from steady motor connection, it is described to pass through second head from steady motor Linking arm is connected with pitching motor.
Further, the pitching motor is screwed with the second head linking arm and is connected.
Further, the capture apparatus include spherical camera protective cover, and the pitching motor passes through protective cover connecting plate It is installed on the spherical camera protective cover.
Further, the pitching motor is connected by bearing and axostylus axostyle with the protective cover connecting plate.
Further, the unmanned plane main stand adopts carbon plate and carbon pipe as raw material;And/or the unmanned plane is utilized Bolt column replaces metallic monolith contiguous block;And/or the unmanned motor spindle installs sonar sensor, for highly controlling;With/ Or the unmanned plane also includes collapsible undercarriage.
Further, the unmanned plane also includes infrared distance measuring obstacle avoidance system;And/or the unmanned plane also includes avoidance Ultrasonic sensor.
Further, the infrared distance measuring obstacle avoidance system includes infrared camera, and the infrared camera is arranged in institute State in the spherical camera protective cover of capture apparatus, in the spherical camera protective cover Visible Light Camera is there also is provided;And/or it is described Avoidance ultrasonic sensor is installed on the aircraft front side.
Further, the capture apparatus include Visible Light Camera, can manually adjust zoom magnification by remote control;With/ Or the aircraft, equipped with single remote control, the head is furnished with single remote control.
Using the unmanned plane of the present invention, following technique effect can be reached:
1) can be very good the high frequency of absorption aircraft, low frequency using the head of the shock-absorbing ball with connection upper and lower plates to shake It is dynamic, it is ensured that the stability of the definition of shooting and whole unmanned plane;
2) using the control of three axles from steady head, during unmanned plane during flying, head has from steady function, when unmanned plane is rocked, Incline, can also keep camera to shoot during acceleration stable.Head is controlled using three axles, and 360 ° without dead angle rotation, any translation-angle.
3) using spherical camera protective cover, head linking arm is coordinated, it is rational in infrastructure and elegant in appearance, and can reach to camera The effect protected.
4) design and produce unmanned plane main stand as raw material using carbon plate and carbon pipe.In equivalent specifications unmanned plane, Fuselage deadweight is relatively light, and intensity is higher.In the case where ensureing fuselage intensity itself, meeting Principle of Mechanical Designing, remove many Remaining weight, to reach aesthetic rational in infrastructure, using bolt column metallic monolith contiguous block is replaced.
5) unmanned plane height controller, sonar control.Great majority are that unmanned plane height is controlled by air pressure above market Degree, we dispose a sonar sensor, send sound wave by sonar sensor and returned to connect again by ground return in unmanned motor spindle Receive this signal.This device control high accuracy is of a relatively high.Unmanned plane adopts collapsible undercarriage, can be packed up with manual manipulation and be put down Undercarriage, so as to camera shooting angle will not be blocked.
6) unmanned plane infrared distance measuring obstacle avoidance system is increased.Unmanned plane during flying can not be depended merely on and visually observed, and error is larger, be had Visual angle blind zone, easily encounters barrier.This device can unmanned plane and obstacle spacing from reach range line when, in time hovering, keeps away Exempt from collision.
7) by camera zoom program, by operator remote control, zoom can be manually adjusted in wide-long shot Multiple, the photo required for so as to obtain line walking reduces idle work, lifts operating efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 unmanned plane overall structure diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 2 cradle head part structural representations of the present invention;
Fig. 3 head unmanned plane motors of the present invention and capture apparatus connection diagram.
In figure, reference show:1st, aircraft;2nd, head;3rd, capture apparatus;4th, battery carrier column;5th, electric rotating Machine;6th, from steady motor;7th, pitching motor;8th, spherical camera protective cover;9th, protective cover connecting plate;10th, ultrasonic sensor;11、 Infrared camera;12nd, Visible Light Camera;13rd, screw;2-1, head upper plate;2-2, head lower plate;2-3, head shock-absorbing ball;2- 4th, the first head linking arm;2-5, the second head linking arm.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description the present invention is described in detail.But this should not be interpreted as the present invention The scope of above-mentioned theme is only limitted to below example, and all technologies realized based on present invention belong to the model of the present invention Enclose.
Shooting is installed and is set in a kind of unmanned plane, including unmanned plane during flying device 1, head 2 and capture apparatus 3, the head bottom Standby 3, the head includes head upper plate 2-1, head shock-absorbing ball 2-3 and head lower plate 2-2, the head shock-absorbing ball 2-3 difference Connect the head upper plate 2-1 and head lower plate 2-2, head lower plate 2-2 connects electric rotating machine 5.The electric rotating machine is 360 ° of rotations
Further, the shock-absorbing ball 2-3 is for multiple, such as:6 or 8, uniform annular spread simultaneously connects with head upper and lower plates Connect, the shock-absorbing ball is using elastomeric material or elastic-plastic material.The head upper plate 2-1 can also be used as unmanned plane battery carrier bottom Plate, 4 battery carrier columns 4 are fixed on battery carrier base plate, on four angles of base plate.
Further, the head is, from steady head, to be controlled using three axles.
Further, the head also include the first head linking arm 2-4 and the second head linking arm 2-5, described first Head linking arm 2-4 one end is connected with the electric rotating machine 5, the other end be connected from steady motor 6, it is described to pass through from steady motor 6 The second head linking arm 2-5 is connected with pitching motor 7.
Further, the pitching motor 7 is fixedly connected with the second head linking arm 2-5 by screw 13.
Further, the capture apparatus include spherical camera protective cover 8, and the pitching motor 7 is connected by protective cover Plate 9 is installed on the spherical camera protective cover 8.
Further, the pitching motor 7 is connected by bearing and axostylus axostyle with the protective cover connecting plate 9.
Further, the unmanned plane main stand adopts carbon plate and carbon pipe as raw material;The unmanned plane utilizes bolt Column replaces metallic monolith contiguous block;The unmanned motor spindle installs sonar sensor, for highly controlling;The unmanned plane is also Including collapsible undercarriage.Undercarriage can be packed up and drop with manual manipulation, so as to block camera shooting angle.
Further, the unmanned plane also includes infrared distance measuring obstacle avoidance system;The unmanned plane also includes avoidance ultrasound Wave sensor 10.
Further, the infrared distance measuring obstacle avoidance system includes infrared camera 11, and the infrared camera 11 is arranged In the spherical camera protective cover of the capture apparatus, in the spherical camera protective cover Visible Light Camera 12 is there also is provided;Institute State avoidance ultrasonic sensor 10 and be installed on the aircraft front side.
Further, the capture apparatus include Visible Light Camera 12, can manually adjust zoom magnification by remote control;Institute Aircraft is stated equipped with single remote control, the head is furnished with single remote control.
By test, the unmanned plane various aspects of performance is tested:
1. endurance:
The unmanned plane of common equivalent specifications, under 15~25 DEG C of environment, using equal model lithium polymer battery, equal Under the conditions of, this unmanned plane substantially increases endurance because simple and reasonable, and reduces battery input cost, drop It is low because repeatedly charging and the caused life-span is lost.
2. unmanned plane intensity:
Via test, compared with equivalent specifications unmanned plane, this unmanned plane can be declined with stall at 10m and be fallen at ground, be protected Demonstrate,prove this unmanned plane safe falling and not damaged.
3. shooting effect:
Via test, in different distance, different angles shoot to same facility, the varifocal rear bat of this unmanned plane To the photo of best in quality, it is ensured that operating efficiency, for power-line patrolling work the monitoring result that can be trusted is provided.
4. obstacle avoidance system:
Via test, in close barrier, reaching setting range line can hover in time this unmanned plane, be disturbed fluctuation Less, reliability is high, can really reduce the loss risk come with barrier collision belt.
5. control system:
In order to improve the operating efficiency of power-line patrolling, power-line patrolling machine is by two winged hand cooperation manipulations, a winged hand manipulation Six axle aircraft, are responsible for the safe flight of aircraft, and a head manipulates hand, is responsible for taking pictures for camera.(wherein six axle aircraft Equipped with single remote control, head is manipulated respectively equipped with single remote control by two winged hand cooperations.Can also be by one Winged hand manipulates whole line walking machine, and six axle aircraft and head are manipulated by a remote manipulator system, and such operating efficiency is compared with substrate amount It is poor, so it is not recommended that using.)
The invention is not limited in aforesaid specific embodiment.The present invention is expanded to and any in this manual disclosed New feature or any new combination, and the arbitrary new method that discloses or the step of process or any new combination.

Claims (10)

1. capture apparatus are installed in a kind of unmanned plane, including unmanned plane during flying device, head and capture apparatus, the head bottom, its It is characterised by:The head includes head upper plate, head shock-absorbing ball and head lower plate, and the head shock-absorbing ball connects respectively described Head upper plate and head lower plate, the head lower plate connects electric rotating machine.
2. unmanned plane as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The head is, from steady head, to be controlled using three axles.
3. unmanned plane as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:The head also includes the first head linking arm and the second cloud Platform linking arm, described first head linking arm one end is connected with the electric rotating machine, the other end with from steady motor connection, it is described from Steady motor is connected by the second head linking arm with pitching motor.
4. unmanned plane as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:The pitching motor passes through with the second head linking arm Screw is fixedly connected.
5. unmanned plane as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:The capture apparatus include spherical camera protective cover, described Pitching motor is installed on the spherical camera protective cover by protective cover connecting plate.
6. unmanned plane as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that:The pitching motor is by bearing and axostylus axostyle and the protection Cover connecting plate connects.
7. unmanned plane as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The unmanned plane main stand is using carbon plate and carbon pipe conduct Raw material;And/or the unmanned plane replaces metallic monolith contiguous block using bolt column;And/or the unmanned motor spindle installation sound Sensor is received, for highly controlling;And/or the unmanned plane also includes collapsible undercarriage.
8. unmanned plane as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The unmanned plane also includes infrared distance measuring obstacle avoidance system; And/or the unmanned plane also includes avoidance ultrasonic sensor.
9. unmanned plane as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that:The infrared distance measuring obstacle avoidance system includes infrared ray phase Machine, the infrared camera is arranged in the spherical camera protective cover of the capture apparatus, in the spherical camera protective cover also It is disposed with Visible Light Camera;And/or the avoidance ultrasonic sensor is installed on the aircraft front side.
10. unmanned plane as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The capture apparatus include Visible Light Camera, can pass through distant Control device adjusts manually zoom magnification;And/or the aircraft, equipped with single remote control, the head is furnished with single remote control Device.
CN201610959728.6A 2016-10-27 2016-10-27 Unmanned aerial vehicle Pending CN106586009A (en)

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Cited By (11)

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CN107176305A (en) * 2017-06-16 2017-09-19 上海未来伙伴机器人有限公司 A kind of aircraft head damping unit and flying robot
CN108045577A (en) * 2017-12-05 2018-05-18 长沙展朔轩兴信息科技有限公司 High-altitude is removed obstacles unmanned plane
CN108438244A (en) * 2018-04-27 2018-08-24 南京拓威航空科技有限公司 A kind of airborne aerial device and the unmanned plane containing it
CN108521801A (en) * 2017-05-23 2018-09-11 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 A kind of control method, device, equipment and aircraft
CN108698703A (en) * 2017-11-13 2018-10-23 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 Motion-sensing device assembly and unmanned plane
CN109094803A (en) * 2018-09-14 2018-12-28 南京禾谱航空科技有限公司 A kind of multi-load kenel conversion holder
WO2019227347A1 (en) * 2018-05-30 2019-12-05 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 Gimbal control method, gimbal, photography device, and readable storage medium
CN112001277A (en) * 2020-08-11 2020-11-27 中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所 Unmanned aerial vehicle map filling method, map filling device and map filling system
CN113867377A (en) * 2021-09-29 2021-12-31 重庆大学 ROS-based vision quad-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle and development system thereof
WO2022032942A1 (en) * 2020-08-11 2022-02-17 中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所 Unmanned aerial vehicle mapping method, apparatus and system
CN115585790A (en) * 2022-12-05 2023-01-10 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Surveying and mapping device, surveying and mapping method and computer equipment

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CN108521801B (en) * 2017-05-23 2021-01-05 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 Control method, device, equipment and aircraft
CN108521801A (en) * 2017-05-23 2018-09-11 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 A kind of control method, device, equipment and aircraft
WO2018214031A1 (en) * 2017-05-23 2018-11-29 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 Control method, device and apparatus, and aerial vehicle
CN107176305A (en) * 2017-06-16 2017-09-19 上海未来伙伴机器人有限公司 A kind of aircraft head damping unit and flying robot
CN108698703A (en) * 2017-11-13 2018-10-23 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 Motion-sensing device assembly and unmanned plane
CN108045577A (en) * 2017-12-05 2018-05-18 长沙展朔轩兴信息科技有限公司 High-altitude is removed obstacles unmanned plane
CN108438244A (en) * 2018-04-27 2018-08-24 南京拓威航空科技有限公司 A kind of airborne aerial device and the unmanned plane containing it
WO2019227347A1 (en) * 2018-05-30 2019-12-05 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 Gimbal control method, gimbal, photography device, and readable storage medium
CN109094803A (en) * 2018-09-14 2018-12-28 南京禾谱航空科技有限公司 A kind of multi-load kenel conversion holder
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CN113867377A (en) * 2021-09-29 2021-12-31 重庆大学 ROS-based vision quad-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle and development system thereof
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