CN106585830A - 一种倒三轮车的前悬架偏摆机构 - Google Patents

一种倒三轮车的前悬架偏摆机构 Download PDF

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CN106585830A
CN106585830A CN201611070083.7A CN201611070083A CN106585830A CN 106585830 A CN106585830 A CN 106585830A CN 201611070083 A CN201611070083 A CN 201611070083A CN 106585830 A CN106585830 A CN 106585830A
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arm
steering
hinged
front suspension
deflection mechanism
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汪小平
钟学良
徐廷茂
袁旭
汪小强
余川
何智源
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Chongqing Li Xing Motorcycle Manufacturing Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K25/00—Axle suspensions
    • B62K25/04—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork
    • B62K25/12—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with rocking arm pivoted on each fork leg
    • B62K25/22—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with rocking arm pivoted on each fork leg with more than one arm on each fork leg
    • B62K25/24—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with rocking arm pivoted on each fork leg with more than one arm on each fork leg for front wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G21/00—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces
    • B60G21/02—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected
    • B60G21/04—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically
    • B60G21/05—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically between wheels on the same axle but on different sides of the vehicle, i.e. the left and right wheel suspensions being interconnected
    • B60G21/055—Stabiliser bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
    • B60G3/18—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram
    • B60G3/20—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram all arms being rigid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/16—Arrangement of linkage connections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/10—Independent suspensions
    • B60G2200/14—Independent suspensions with lateral arms
    • B60G2200/144—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with two lateral arms forming a parallelogram
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/30—Rigid axle suspensions
    • B60G2200/34—Stabilising mechanisms, e.g. for lateral stability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/40—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
    • B60G2200/462—Toe-in/out
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/40—Type of actuator
    • B60G2202/43—Mechanical actuator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/62—Adjustable continuously, e.g. during driving
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/011—Modular constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60G2300/12—Cycles; Motorcycles
    • B60G2300/122—Trikes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2500/00—Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
    • B60G2500/40—Steering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2800/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of movement or to the condition of the vehicle and to the end result to be achieved by the control action
    • B60G2800/20—Stationary vehicle

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及车辆悬架技术领域，特别涉及一种倒三轮车的前悬架偏摆机构。本发明转向拉杆采用不同轴布置，且转向拉杆与悬架上、下臂之间形成平行四边形结构，有效降低了转向过程中左右轮转角误差及悬臂摆动过程中车辆前束变化，提高了车辆行驶操稳性，降低了左右车轮磨损率，使用可靠性得到较大提高。

Description

一种倒三轮车的前悬架偏摆机构
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆悬架技术领域，特别涉及一种倒三轮车的前悬架偏摆机构。
背景技术
两轮车因结构的限制，在行驶中由于前轮的接地点在转弯时与车架的立面不在同一个平面上，在速度较高和湿滑路面上容易滑倒。而传统的三轮、四轮车行驶在弯道上时因结构限制，车辆不能实现自由偏摆，在转弯过程中不能轻松实现压弯动作，让习惯骑双轮车的人感觉不适。最近几年出现了多种可倾式倒三轮车辆，克服了车身易摔倒、不稳定的缺点，又能给用户带来两轮车一样的骑行感受，占用空间与两轮车相当，成本低廉、节能环保，正逐步得到用户认可。
目前国内的倒三轮电动车前悬架结构多采用左右转向拉杆同轴安装的形式，此类型的机构在在转向中不能有效控制左右车轮的转角及悬臂摆动过程中的车轮前束变化。
发明内容
为了克服现有的两轮车在转弯时或湿滑路面上容易摔倒及乘骑不够稳定的问题，本发明提出一种倒三轮车的前悬架偏摆机构。
一种倒三轮车的前悬架偏摆机构，其右上臂和左上臂内端设有滚动轴承，通过上摇架轴安装在连接架的上端，右下臂和左下臂内端设有滚动轴承，分别通过前摇架轴和后摇架轴安装在连接架的下端；右上臂和右下臂外端设有滚动轴承，分别通过连接轴安装至右上铰接和右下铰接，右上铰接和右下铰接分别通过轴承安装在右转向节上；左上臂和左下臂外端设有滚动轴承，分别通过连接轴安装至左上铰接和左下铰接，左上铰接和左下铰接分别通过轴承安装在左转向节上；右转向节上下两端安装有轴心相同的滚动轴承，轴承的轴心线为右转向节的转向主销轴线；左转向节上下两端安装有轴心相同的滚动轴承，轴承的轴心线为左转向节的转向主销轴线，右上臂、左上臂、右下臂和左下臂均呈“Y”字形。
右上臂、右下臂、左上臂、左下臂、右上铰接、右下铰接、左上铰接、左下铰接及连接架行成两个封闭的平行四边形机构；车辆在转弯过程中，由于人体及车身向心力的作用，带动悬架偏摆机构，使上、下臂产生错动，自动调节车身倾斜角度，实现两轮车似的自由骑行，保持良好的操控性和灵活性；此外在车辆左、右轮通过不平路面时，由于左、右悬架相互独立，使车身能较好地保持直立，保持了车辆行驶的安全性和舒适性。
转向柱通过万向节连接至固定管，固定管焊接在连接架上，万向节的下端安装有转向臂，转向臂上设有两个不同轴的安装孔，转向臂右侧安装孔通过右转向拉杆与右转向臂连接，转向臂左侧安装孔通过左转向拉杆与左转向臂连接。右转向拉杆、右转向臂、右上臂、左转向拉杆、左转向臂、左上臂及转向臂在正视图和俯视图两个方向分别形成两个封闭的平行四边形机构；在转向和悬架偏摆过程中，左右车轮始终保持平行，车辆行驶稳定性高。
右转向节和左转向节分别通过右轮轴和左轮轴连接至右轮胎和左轮胎上，右转向节和左转向节的主销轴线分别在右轮胎和左轮胎的中性面上，在转向过程中由于悬架主销轴心在车轮中性面上，转向阻力小，提高了转向灵活性。
在右下臂和左下臂上还通过三角板安装有减震器，吸收来做路面的冲击，使车辆行驶更平顺。
与现有技术相比本发明转向拉杆采用不同轴布置，且转向拉杆与悬架上、下臂之间形成平行四边形结构，有效降低了转向过程中左右轮转角误差及悬臂摆动过程中车辆前束变化，提高了车辆行驶操稳性，降低了左右车轮磨损率，使用可靠性得到较大提高。
附图说明：
附图1为本发明一种倒三轮车的前悬架偏摆机构的结构示意图；
附图2为本发明一种倒三轮车的前悬架偏摆机构的正视图；
附图3为本发明的右上臂、左上臂、右下臂、左下臂和减震器的组装图；
图中标记：1.右上臂，2.左上臂，3.右下臂，4.左下臂，5.右转向节，6.左转向节，7.右上铰接，8.左上铰接，9.右下铰接，10.左下铰接，11.右转向拉杆，12.左转向拉杆，13.右转向臂，14.左转向臂，15.转向臂，16.减震器，17.转向柱，18.转向立柱，19.连接架，20.上摇架轴，21.前摇架轴，22.后摇架轴，23.右轮胎，24.左轮胎，25.右轮轴，26.左轮轴，27.万向节，28.三角板。
具体实施方式
下面结合试验例及具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细描述。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实施例，凡基于本发明内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
在图1-图3中，右上臂1和左上臂2内端设有滚动轴承，通过上摇架轴20安装在连接架19的上端，右下臂3和左下臂4内端设有滚动轴承，分别通过前摇架轴21和后摇架轴22安装在连接架19的下端；右上臂1和右下臂3外端设有滚动轴承，分别通过连接轴安装至右上铰接7和右下铰接9，右上铰接7和右下铰接9分别通过轴承安装在右转向节5上；左上臂2和左下臂4外端设有滚动轴承，分别通过连接轴安装至左上铰接8和左下铰接10，左上铰接8和左下铰接10分别通过轴承安装在左转向节6上；右转向节5上下两端安装有轴心相同的滚动轴承，轴承的轴心线为右转向节5的旋转轴线；左转向节6上下两端安装有轴心相同的滚动轴承，轴承的轴心线为左转向节6的旋转轴线；
右上臂1、右下臂3、左上臂2、左下臂4、右上铰接7、右下铰接9、左上铰接8、左下铰接10及连接架19行成两个封闭的平行四边形机构；车辆在转弯过程中，由于人体及车身向心力的作用，带动悬架偏摆机构，使上、下臂产生错动，自动调节车身倾斜角度，实现两轮车似的自由骑行，保持良好的操控性和灵活性；此外在车辆左、右轮通过不平路面时，由于左、右悬架相互独立，使车身能较好地保持直立，保持了车辆行驶的安全性和舒适性。
从图1和图3中可以看出右上臂1、左上臂2、右下臂3和左下臂4均呈“Y”字形。转向柱17通过万向节27连接至固定管18，固定管18焊接在连接架19上，万向节27的下端安装有转向臂15，转向臂15上设有两个不同轴的安装孔，转向臂15右侧安装孔通过右转向拉杆11与右转向臂13连接，转向臂15左侧安装孔通过左转向拉杆12与左转向臂14连接。右转向拉杆11、右转向臂13、右上臂1、左转向拉杆12、左转向臂14、左上臂2及转向臂15在正视图和俯视图两个方向分别形成两个封闭的平行四边形机构；在车轮转向和悬架偏摆过程中，左右车轮始终保持平行，车辆行驶稳定性高。
右转向节5和左转向节6分别通过右轮轴25和左轮轴26连接至右轮胎23和左轮胎24上，右转向节5和左转向节6的主销轴线分别在右轮胎23和左轮胎24的中性面上，在转向过程中由于转向主销轴心在车轮中性面上，转向阻力小，提高了转向灵活性。最后在右下臂3和左下臂4上还通过三角板28安装有减震器，吸收来做路面的冲击，使车辆行驶更平顺。

Claims (10)

1.一种倒三轮车的前悬架偏摆机构，其特征在于，右上臂(1)和左上臂(2)内端设有滚动轴承，通过上摇架轴(20)同轴连接，右下臂(3)和左下臂(4)内端设有滚动轴承，分别通过前摇架轴(21)和后摇架轴(22)同轴连接；右上臂(1)和右下臂(3)外端设有滚动轴承，分别安装至右上铰接(7)和右下铰接(9)，右上铰接(7)和右下铰接(9)分别安装在右转向节(5)上；左上臂(2)和左下臂(4)外端设有滚动轴承，分别安装至左上铰接(8)和左下铰接(10)，左上铰接(8)和左下铰接(10)分别安装在左转向节(6)上,右上臂(1)、左上臂(2)、右下臂(3)和左下臂(4)均呈“Y”字形。
2.根据权利要求1的倒三轮车前悬架偏摆机构，其特征在于，右上臂(1)和左上臂(2)通过上摇架轴(20)安装在连接架(19)的上端，右下臂(3)和左下臂(4)分别通过前摇架轴(21)和后摇架轴(22)同轴安装在连接架(19)的下端。
3.根据权利要求2的倒三轮车前悬架偏摆机构，其特征在于，右上臂(1)、右下臂(3)、右上铰接(7)、右下铰接(9)、及连接架(19)形成平行四边形机构；左上臂(2)、左下臂(4)、左上铰接(8)、左下铰接(10)及连接架(19)形成平行四边形机构。
4.根据权利要求3的倒三轮车前悬架偏摆机构，其特征在于，右转向节(5)上下两端安装有轴心相同的滚动轴承，左转向节(6)上下两端安装有轴心相同的滚动轴承。
5.根据权利要求4的倒三轮车前悬架偏摆机构，其特征在于，右转向节(5)和左转向节(6)分别通过右轮轴(25)和左轮轴(26)与右轮胎(23)和左轮胎(24)连接。
6.根据权利要求5的倒三轮车前悬架偏摆机构，其特征在于，右转向节(5)和左转向节(6)的转向主销轴线分别在右轮胎(23)和左轮胎(24)的中性面上。
7.根据权利要求6的倒三轮车前悬架偏摆机构，其特征在于，转向柱(17)通过万向节(27)及轴承连接至固定管(18)，固定管(18)焊接在连接架(19)上，固定管(18)下端安装有转向臂(15)，转向臂(15)上设有两个不同轴的安装孔，转向臂(15)右侧安装孔通过右转向拉杆(11)与右转向臂(13)连接，转向臂(15)左侧安装孔通过左转向拉杆(12)与左转向臂(14)连接，右转向拉杆(11)和左转向拉杆(12)两端分别安装有转向球销。
8.根据权利要求7的倒三轮车前悬架偏摆机构，其特征在于，右转向拉杆(11)、右转向臂(13)、右上臂(1)及转向臂(15)形成平行四边形机构、左转向拉杆(12)、左转向臂(14)、左上臂(2)及转向臂(15)形成平行四边形机构。
9.根据权利要求8的倒三轮车前悬架偏摆机构，其特征在于，减震器(16)左右两端的接口分别连接至右下臂(3)和左下臂(4)上。
10.根据权利要求9的倒三轮车前悬架偏摆机构，其特征在于，减震器(16)通过三角板(28)与右下臂(3)和左下臂(4)连接。
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