CN106583202A - 钛合金零件表面石棉石墨封严涂层的涂覆方法 - Google Patents

钛合金零件表面石棉石墨封严涂层的涂覆方法 Download PDF

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CN106583202A
CN106583202A CN201611097391.9A CN201611097391A CN106583202A CN 106583202 A CN106583202 A CN 106583202A CN 201611097391 A CN201611097391 A CN 201611097391A CN 106583202 A CN106583202 A CN 106583202A
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coating
asbestos
titanium alloy
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graphite
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宋丙红
王忠明
周锴
师玉英
杨旭
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AVIC Harbin Dongan Engine Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种钛合金零件表面石棉石墨封严涂层的涂覆方法，通过保护、涂覆、加温固化等步骤，实现了钛合金零件表面石棉石墨的封严喷涂，其中涂料具有耐高低温交变性能和良好的耐热性，同时还使得涂层更为松软。本发明可使封严涂层结合强度不低于1MPa；钛合金封气环表面制备该涂层后在后续的加工中未出现涂层剥落现象。

Description

钛合金零件表面石棉石墨封严涂层的涂覆方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种石棉石墨封严涂层的涂覆方法，尤其是钛合金零件表面石棉石墨封严涂层的涂覆方法。
背景技术
在发动机的设计过程中，采用了可磨耗封严涂层，以提高发动机功率，降低能耗，简化气路密封结构设计，延长使用寿命。可磨耗封严涂层多采用热喷涂的制备技术，但由于个别零件的结构及工况限制，无法采用热喷涂技术制备封严涂层，只能采用手工涂覆法制备封严涂层。以往钛合金零件表面采用的手工涂覆石棉石墨封严层制备工艺如下：
(1)涂层配方
底层配方：
80目～120目的人造石墨2克，固体含量为45％的苏化802胶液100克；
面层配方：
80目～120目的人造石墨80克，32目～40目的针状石棉20克，固体含量45％的苏化802胶液300克；
(2)固化条件
70～80℃3小时，140～150℃1.5小时，220～230℃1.5小时，260～270℃5小时；
(3)最终检验
封严层涂覆后，外观应致密，不应有裂纹、隆起、脱落，允许有细小的针孔。封严涂层车加工后表面允许有小孔穴，其直径不大于1mm。允许有直径不大于3mm，且相互间距不小于10mm单独的孔，数量不多于五个。
然而这种工艺方法在钛合金封气环表面制备的石棉石墨封严涂层，与钛合金表面的结合强度较低，在后续的机械加工中经常出现涂层剥落需重新涂覆的现象，严重的影响了产品交付周期。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种钛合金零件表面石棉石墨封严涂层的涂覆方法，涂层耐温达400℃，并可使石棉石墨封严涂层与钛合金的结合强度控制在1MPa以上，涂覆在钛合金零件表面后，涂层在加工中不会出现剥落问题。本发明的技术实施方案为：
(1)涂层配方
(2)配制
将石墨混合物和针状石棉放入干净的容器中，充分混合均匀；将W61-55环氧有机硅耐热烘干清漆、H61-1环氧有机硅聚酰胺耐热漆和二甲苯放入另一容器中，搅拌均匀，然后缓慢倒入石墨混合物和针状石棉的干混合料中，用刮刀充分混合均匀制成涂料，然后在密闭的容器内，停放4小时以上；
(3)涂覆
1)用工装或胶带将零件的非涂覆封严层表面进行保护；
2)待涂封严层的表面应用丙酮、甲苯等溶剂仔细刷洗，然后用清洁、干燥的压缩空气吹干或在空气中停放30分钟以上，使溶剂自然挥发；
3)用涂料零件沟槽，用力压紧并不得存有气泡，然后在室温环境下静置20～30分钟；然后进行涂覆，涂层的厚度不应超出设计图样规定涂层厚度的一倍，当涂层厚度不小于1.5mm时应采取多层涂覆，每层厚度不大于1.5mm；涂覆时须用力均匀,避免涂层中产生气泡；每层涂覆后均须在室温环境下静置20～30分钟；最终涂层涂覆后在室温环境下至少静置24小时；
4)拆卸保护工装，并将非涂层表面的涂料清理干净；
5)涂覆后的零件，按下列温度进行梯度加温固化：
然后零件随炉冷却，待温度降为40℃以下时方可取出零件；
(3)最终检验：
封严层涂覆后，外观应致密，涂层不应有裂纹、隆起、脱落，封严涂层车削加工后表面的小孔穴的直径应不大于1mm，允许有直径不大于3mm，且相互间距不小于10mm单独的孔，但数量不多于五个。
所述的用刮刀充分混合过程中，可以加入二甲苯调节混合料的稀稠度，加入二甲苯后机械搅拌应不小于15分钟。
所述的混合料存放有效期为4天，超过4天予以报废。
在所述的加温固化后，随炉冷却过程中，可以在90℃以下打开炉门冷却。
本封严涂层的制备中，涂料配方中的H61-1铝粉环氧有机硅耐热漆具有较好的力学性能，耐高低温交变性能和良好的耐热性；W61-55铝粉有机硅烘干耐热漆，可耐500℃高温，除了提高涂层耐热性，同时还使得涂层更为松软。鳞片状结构的铝粉末能与有机硅树脂生成聚有机硅铝醚，可在涂层中提高耐热性，同时也增大涂层的热膨胀系数，减小涂层与金属基体材料之间的热膨胀系数差距，可避免带涂层零部件在较高的工作温度下由于热膨胀系数差较大产生内应力导致涂层脱落。采用本工艺方法制备的封严涂层经400℃，24h的耐热后，涂层无任何粉化、裂纹和剥落；涂层的结合强度不低于1MPa；钛合金封气环表面制备该涂层后在后续的加工中未出现涂层剥落现象。可以满足航空发动机钛合金零件的使用工况，并在产品上进行应用，达到了预期的效果。
具体实施方式
钛合金零件表面石棉石墨封严涂层的涂覆方法包括以下步骤：
(1)涂层配方
(2)配制
将石墨混合物和针状石棉放入干净的容器中，充分混合均匀；将W61-55环氧有机硅耐热烘干清漆、H61-1环氧有机硅聚酰胺耐热漆和二甲苯放入另一容器中，搅拌均匀，然后缓慢倒入石墨混合物和针状石棉的干混合料中，用刮刀充分混合均匀制成涂料，然后在密闭的容器内，停放4小时以上；
(3)涂覆
1)用工装或胶带将零件的非涂覆封严层表面进行保护；
2)待涂封严层的表面应用丙酮、甲苯等溶剂仔细刷洗，然后用清洁、干燥的压缩空气吹干或在空气中停放30分钟以上，使溶剂自然挥发；
3)用涂料零件沟槽，用力压紧并不得存有气泡，然后在室温环境下静置20～30分钟；然后进行涂覆，涂层的厚度不应超出设计图样规定涂层厚度的一倍，当涂层厚度不小于1.5mm时应采取多层涂覆，每层厚度不大于1.5mm；涂覆时须用力均匀,避免涂层中产生气泡；每层涂覆后均须在室温环境下静置20～30分钟；最终涂层涂覆后在室温环境下至少静置24小时；
4)拆卸保护工装，并将非涂层表面的涂料清理干净；
5)涂覆后的零件，按下列温度进行梯度加温固化：
然后零件随炉冷却，待温度降为40℃以下时方可取出零件；
(3)最终检验：
封严层涂覆后，外观应致密，涂层不应有裂纹、隆起、脱落，封严涂层车削加工后表面的小孔穴的直径应不大于1mm，允许有直径不大于3mm，且相互间距不小于10mm单独的孔，但数量不多于五个。
所述的用刮刀充分混合过程中，可以加入二甲苯调节混合料的稀稠度，加入二甲苯后机械搅拌应不小于15分钟；
所述的混合料存放有效期为4天，超过4天予以报废。
在所述的加温固化后，随炉冷却过程中，可以在90℃以下打开炉门冷却。
实施例
某航空发动机钛合金封气环表面，采用手涂石墨涂层进行封严。图纸要求涂层厚度为1.1mm，并要求石棉石墨封严涂层的结合强度在1MPa以上，与钛合金表面结合良好。
实施过程
(1)涂层配方
(2)配制
将石墨混合物和针状石棉放入干净的容器中，充分混合均匀；将W61-55环氧有机硅耐热烘干清漆、H61-1环氧有机硅聚酰胺耐热漆和二甲苯放入另一容器中，搅拌均匀，然后缓慢倒入石墨混合物和针状石棉的干混合料中，用刮刀充分混合均匀制成涂料，混合过程中加入二甲苯稀释至合适的稠度，然后机械搅拌15分钟然后，在密闭的容器内，停放4小时以上；
(3)涂覆
1)用工装或胶带将零件的非涂覆封严层表面进行保护；
2)待涂封严层的表面应用丙酮、甲苯等溶剂仔细刷洗，然后用清洁、干燥的压缩空气吹干或在空气中停放30分钟，使溶剂自然挥发；
3)用涂料填平零件沟槽，用力压紧，仔细赶去涂层中的气泡，在室温环境下静置20分钟。然后继续涂覆，每涂覆约1mm涂层，在室温环境下静置20分钟，共涂覆两层，最终涂层厚度2mm；涂层最终涂覆后在室温环境下静置24小时；
4)拆卸保护工装，并将非涂层表面的涂料清理干净；
5)涂覆后的钛合金封气环，按下列温度进行梯度加温固化：
当保温结束后随炉冷却至室温后取出钛合金封气环；
(3)最终检验：
钛合金封气环封严层涂覆后，外观致密，涂层没有裂纹、隆起、脱落，涂层与基体的结合强度为1.3MPa；封严涂层车削加工后表面有小孔穴，其直径最大为0.8mm；有直径为2.6mm，且相互间距最小为12mm单独的孔，数量为3个；涂层车削后没有出现剥落现象。
最终结论：合格。

Claims (4)

1.一种钛合金零件表面石棉石墨封严涂层的涂覆方法，其特征在于，所述的方法包括以下步骤：
(1)涂层配方
(2)配制
将石墨混合物和针状石棉放入干净的容器中，充分混合均匀；将W61-55环氧有机硅耐热烘干清漆、H61-1环氧有机硅聚酰胺耐热漆和二甲苯放入另一容器中，搅拌均匀，然后缓慢倒入石墨混合物和针状石棉的干混合料中，用刮刀充分混合均匀制成涂料，然后在密闭的容器内，停放4小时以上；
(3)涂覆
1)用工装或胶带将零件的非涂覆封严层表面进行保护；
2)待涂封严层的表面应用丙酮、甲苯等溶剂仔细刷洗，然后用清洁、干燥的压缩空气吹干或在空气中停放30分钟以上，使溶剂自然挥发；
3)用涂料零件沟槽，用力压紧并不得存有气泡，然后在室温环境下静置20～30分钟；然后进行涂覆，涂层的厚度不应超出设计图样规定涂层厚度的一倍，当涂层厚度不小于1.5mm时应采取多层涂覆，每层厚度不大于1.5mm；涂覆时须用力均匀,避免涂层中产生气泡；每层涂覆后均须在室温环境下静置20～30分钟；最终涂层涂覆后在室温环境下至少静置24小时；
4)拆卸保护工装，并将非涂层表面的涂料清理干净；
5)涂覆后的零件，按下列温度进行梯度加温固化：
然后零件随炉冷却，待温度降为40℃以下时方可取出零件；
(3)最终检验
封严层涂覆后，外观应致密，涂层不应有裂纹、隆起、脱落，封严涂层车削加工后表面的小孔穴的直径应不大于1mm，允许有直径不大于3mm，且相互间距不小于10mm单独的孔，但数量不多于五个。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种钛合金零件表面石棉石墨封严涂层的涂覆方法，其特征在于，所述的用刮刀充分混合过程中，可以加入二甲苯调节混合料的稀稠度，加入二甲苯后机械搅拌应不小于15分钟。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种钛合金零件表面石棉石墨封严涂层的涂覆方法，其特征在于，所述的混合料存放有效期为4天，超过4天予以报废。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种钛合金零件表面石棉石墨封严涂层的涂覆方法，其特征在于，在所述的加温固化后，随炉冷却过程中，可以在90℃以下打开炉门冷却。
CN201611097391.9A 2016-12-02 2016-12-02 钛合金零件表面石棉石墨封严涂层的涂覆方法 Pending CN106583202A (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN115975502A (zh) * 2023-01-17 2023-04-18 国营川西机器厂 航空发动机调节环石墨涂层涂料及其制备和使用方法
CN115975502B (zh) * 2023-01-17 2024-05-17 国营川西机器厂 航空发动机调节环石墨涂层涂料及其制备和使用方法

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WO1992001742A1 (en) * 1990-07-20 1992-02-06 Davlin Paint Company, Inc. Flame-retardant dome producing occludant coatings
CN102559041A (zh) * 2011-12-30 2012-07-11 株洲南方燃气轮机成套制造安装有限公司 涂料、其制备方法以及涂层的成型方法

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WO1992001742A1 (en) * 1990-07-20 1992-02-06 Davlin Paint Company, Inc. Flame-retardant dome producing occludant coatings
CN102559041A (zh) * 2011-12-30 2012-07-11 株洲南方燃气轮机成套制造安装有限公司 涂料、其制备方法以及涂层的成型方法

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CN115975502A (zh) * 2023-01-17 2023-04-18 国营川西机器厂 航空发动机调节环石墨涂层涂料及其制备和使用方法
CN115975502B (zh) * 2023-01-17 2024-05-17 国营川西机器厂 航空发动机调节环石墨涂层涂料及其制备和使用方法

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