CN106580415A - 低切迹双向锁定的大角度万向椎弓根螺钉 - Google Patents

低切迹双向锁定的大角度万向椎弓根螺钉 Download PDF

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CN106580415A
CN106580415A CN201710043848.6A CN201710043848A CN106580415A CN 106580415 A CN106580415 A CN 106580415A CN 201710043848 A CN201710043848 A CN 201710043848A CN 106580415 A CN106580415 A CN 106580415A
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张衣北
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7032Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
    • A61B17/7034Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass characterised by a lateral opening
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7035Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other
    • A61B17/704Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other the longitudinal element passing through a ball-joint in the screw head
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7062Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral processes, vertebral facets or ribs ; Tools for such devices
    • A61B17/7064Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral facets; Tools therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7074Tools specially adapted for spinal fixation operations other than for bone removal or filler handling

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
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Abstract

低切迹双向锁定的大角度万向椎弓根螺钉,涉及用于脊柱后路手术的椎弓根螺钉。提供一种在脊柱后路固定矫形手术时通过椎弓根置钉用于固定和矫形的低切迹双向锁定的大角度万向椎弓根螺钉设有钉帽和钉体,钉体的球状钉头侧边设有U形槽,钉体为中空钉体,钉体的近端设有近端螺纹,钉体的远端设有远端螺纹,近端螺纹的深度小于远端螺纹的深度,远端螺纹上设有通孔,远端螺纹用于注入骨水泥,钉体的末端设有孔隙,孔隙用于注入骨水泥,钉帽与钉体之间设有钉帽与钉体双向锁定装置,U形槽上设有锁定螺母,锁定螺母用于U形槽与连接棒的锁定。

Description

低切迹双向锁定的大角度万向椎弓根螺钉
技术领域
本发明涉及用于脊柱后路手术的椎弓根螺钉,尤其是涉及低切迹双向锁定的大角度万向椎弓根螺钉。
背景技术
脊柱后路手术是常用的手术方式,当涉及到需要固定或矫形时,钉棒内固定系统是必不可少的。这种钉棒系统通常由椎弓根螺钉及其紧固件和连接棒组成,目前椎弓根螺钉基本上可分为两种,即单轴固定椎弓根螺钉和多轴万向椎弓根螺钉。使用单轴椎弓根螺钉固定时的置钉技术要求非常高,若2钉的U形槽不平行时,则连接棒与U形槽由面接触变为点接触,形成应力集中,容易断钉或者断棒;若要进行2个以上椎体的固定时,常因一侧椎弓根螺钉植入后钉帽方向固定,钉帽U形槽不在同一直线而使放置连接棒显得十分困难,也面临应力集中的风险,且强力将U形槽并成一条直线后容易引起不在直线上的螺钉松动或断裂。这样不仅使手术操作困难,且出现内固定系统不良反应的几率大增。万向椎弓根螺钉克服了以上弊端,由于其万向特征,即钉体与钉帽U形槽间可作一定角度的三维旋转,使钉-棒的联合十分容易。但是,现在使用的万向椎弓根螺钉的万向活动度小,不易于装连接棒,且锁定机制是靠单个卡栓的机械加压来实现,因此无法象单轴椎弓根螺钉那样实现平行的撑开和压缩,更别说去旋转矫形了,因此只能用来固定脊柱。即便如此,这些螺钉固定后的钉帽切迹都比较高,且螺钉置入的椎弓根位置上面是肌肉最发达的位置,经常导致术后固定部位的肌肉组织因高切迹钉帽的长期摩擦损伤而出现慢性腰痛。
由此可见,如果有一种全新低切迹双向锁定的大角度万向椎弓根螺钉,不仅螺钉切迹比较低,万向活动范围大,还有多重紧固锁定装置及抗拔能力,不仅可简化手术操作、缩短手术时间,而且可以提高手术疗效,减少远期的不良反应,这将会是医生和患者共同的福音。
中国专利CN101816587A公开一种脊柱内固定万向椎弓根螺钉。其由有球型帽的椎弓根钉穿过万向头套筒,万向头套筒一端设置为“U”形,另一端设置为有通孔的球型窝,“U”形内壁一端设置万向头套筒螺纹,在另一端设置螺纹,在螺纹与球型部位之间的通孔内壁上设置有凹槽;椎弓根钉的球形帽卡在万向头套筒有通孔的球型窝部位。一端设置为半球形凹面,其外壁一端设置螺纹,另一端设置为光滑面的压紧垫圈旋过万向套筒内壁的螺纹旋入凹槽内,在压紧垫圈的上方放置矫正杠,在矫正杠的上方旋入螺纹压钉构成;该锁定结构设计巧妙,既安装方便,又能避免垫圈脱落或过紧现象的发生临床使用安全可靠。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种在脊柱后路固定矫形手术时通过椎弓根置钉用于固定和矫形的低切迹双向锁定的大角度万向椎弓根螺钉。
本发明设有钉帽和钉体,钉体的球状钉头侧边设有U形槽,钉体为中空钉体,钉体的近端设有近端螺纹,钉体的远端设有远端螺纹,近端螺纹的深度小于远端螺纹的深度,远端螺纹上设有通孔,远端螺纹用于注入骨水泥,钉体的末端设有孔隙,孔隙用于注入骨水泥,钉帽与钉体之间设有钉帽与钉体双向锁定装置,U形槽上设有锁定螺母,锁定螺母用于U形槽与连接棒的锁定。
所述钉帽可采用低切迹钉帽。
本发明为了满足万向椎弓根螺钉在一定度数范围内的三维活动,U形槽与钉体是分开的,U形槽置于钉体的球状钉头侧边,U形槽的底部可以达到球状钉头的底面,这样钉帽的切迹就非常低,且钉帽与钉头间的活动度明显加大,单一方向可以达到35°的大角度活动,并且U形槽内移,有利于装连接棒,降低置钉难度。
为了加强锁定固定效果,钉头与钉帽间有双重锁定装置:钉帽与球状钉头有一个带倾斜角度的大尺寸螺母锁定装置,可将万向螺钉锁定成单轴螺钉,倾斜角度明显降低螺钉倾斜侧切迹;U形槽安装连接棒后,用锁定螺母紧固锁定,双重锁定使锁定效果更可靠。
为了增加螺钉的抗拔能力,钉体是中空结构,近端是浅螺纹,远端是深螺纹,深螺纹中还有通孔与中空结构相贯通,可通过中空结构注入骨水泥,增加螺钉抗拔能力。
本发明的钉帽的切迹非常低,钉体万向活动度非常大,万向锁定是双重锁定,锁定牢固可靠,钉体中空,钉体螺纹由浅入深,抗拔能力强,置钉难度低,固定效果非常好,不良并发症低。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例1的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下实施例将结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1
参见图1,本发明实施例1设有钉帽1和钉体3,钉体3的球状钉头31侧边设有U形槽9,钉体3为中空钉体,钉体3的近端设有近端螺纹4,钉体3的远端设有远端螺纹5,近端螺纹4的深度小于远端螺纹5的深度,远端螺纹5上设有通孔6,远端螺纹5用于注入骨水泥,钉体3的末端设有孔隙7,孔隙7用于注入骨水泥,钉帽1与钉体3之间设有钉帽与钉体双向锁定装置2,U形槽9上设有锁定螺母8,锁定螺母8用于U形槽9与连接棒的锁定。
所述钉帽1采用低切迹钉帽。
U形槽9设于钉体3的球状钉头31侧边,便于安装连接棒,由于U形槽9的底部可以低至球状钉头31的底面,因此钉帽的切迹很低。
球状钉头31与钉帽1的锁定由带倾斜角度的大尺寸螺母锁定,倾斜角度可以减少倾斜侧的螺帽切迹,锁定螺母尺寸较大,锁定效果更好。同时,U形槽9与连接棒通过锁定螺母8来锁定紧固。
钉体是中空结构,近端螺纹4是浅螺纹,远端螺纹5是深螺纹,深螺纹中还有通孔6与中空结构相贯通,可通过中空结构注入骨水泥,增加螺钉抗拔能力。
本发明所用材料是与人体组织相容性最好的医用钛合金材料。
实施例2
参见图2,与实施例1类似,其区别在于钉体3的球状钉头31与钉帽1的锁定由大尺寸螺母锁定,锁定螺母尺寸较大,锁定效果更好。同时,U形槽9与连接棒通过锁定螺母8锁定紧固。

Claims (2)

1.低切迹双向锁定的大角度万向椎弓根螺钉,其特征在于设有钉帽和钉体,钉体的球状钉头侧边设有U形槽,钉体为中空钉体,钉体的近端设有近端螺纹,钉体的远端设有远端螺纹,近端螺纹的深度小于远端螺纹的深度,远端螺纹上设有通孔,远端螺纹用于注入骨水泥,钉体的末端设有孔隙,孔隙用于注入骨水泥,钉帽与钉体之间设有钉帽与钉体双向锁定装置,U形槽上设有锁定螺母,锁定螺母用于U形槽与连接棒的锁定。
2.如权利要求1所述低切迹双向锁定的大角度万向椎弓根螺钉,其特征在于所述钉帽采用低切迹钉帽。
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Cited By (9)

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CN107753095A (zh) * 2017-11-17 2018-03-06 常州集硕医疗器械有限公司 一种可与棒结合式脊柱板
CN108186092A (zh) * 2018-01-28 2018-06-22 武汉光谷北宸医疗器械有限公司 低切迹易锁定的万向椎弓根螺钉
CN108498155A (zh) * 2018-04-26 2018-09-07 重庆医科大学附属永川医院 一种自锁防旋椎弓根螺钉及其使用方法
CN110141344A (zh) * 2019-06-08 2019-08-20 何静 一种防爆丝的柔性约束式椎弓根钉
CN110141346A (zh) * 2019-06-08 2019-08-20 何静 一种防爆丝的动态固定式椎弓根钉
CN110141342A (zh) * 2019-06-08 2019-08-20 何静 一种防爆丝的刚性固定式椎弓根钉
CN112312852A (zh) * 2018-06-20 2021-02-02 乐福骨科有限公司 用于骶髂关节融合的骨螺钉植入物
CN114886618A (zh) * 2022-04-26 2022-08-12 吉林大学 基于3d打印的髂骨内板骨整合仿生髋臼重建假体
CN117796890A (zh) * 2023-08-03 2024-04-02 上海长征医院 椎弓根固定装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107753095A (zh) * 2017-11-17 2018-03-06 常州集硕医疗器械有限公司 一种可与棒结合式脊柱板
CN108186092A (zh) * 2018-01-28 2018-06-22 武汉光谷北宸医疗器械有限公司 低切迹易锁定的万向椎弓根螺钉
CN108498155A (zh) * 2018-04-26 2018-09-07 重庆医科大学附属永川医院 一种自锁防旋椎弓根螺钉及其使用方法
CN112312852A (zh) * 2018-06-20 2021-02-02 乐福骨科有限公司 用于骶髂关节融合的骨螺钉植入物
CN110141344A (zh) * 2019-06-08 2019-08-20 何静 一种防爆丝的柔性约束式椎弓根钉
CN110141346A (zh) * 2019-06-08 2019-08-20 何静 一种防爆丝的动态固定式椎弓根钉
CN110141342A (zh) * 2019-06-08 2019-08-20 何静 一种防爆丝的刚性固定式椎弓根钉
CN114886618A (zh) * 2022-04-26 2022-08-12 吉林大学 基于3d打印的髂骨内板骨整合仿生髋臼重建假体
CN117796890A (zh) * 2023-08-03 2024-04-02 上海长征医院 椎弓根固定装置
CN117796890B (zh) * 2023-08-03 2024-05-28 上海长征医院 椎弓根固定装置

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