CN106571534A - Active frequency selection surface structure - Google Patents
Active frequency selection surface structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106571534A CN106571534A CN201611004828.XA CN201611004828A CN106571534A CN 106571534 A CN106571534 A CN 106571534A CN 201611004828 A CN201611004828 A CN 201611004828A CN 106571534 A CN106571534 A CN 106571534A
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- surface texture
- meander line
- pin
- active frequencies
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/002—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices being reconfigurable or tunable, e.g. using switches or diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/0026—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices having a stacked geometry or having multiple layers
Landscapes
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a polarized stable active frequency selection surface structure. The structure comprises a dielectric substrate, a first zigzag line structure, a second zigzag line structure, PIN diodes which are loaded in cycle units, and feed lines which provide bias on the edge around the surface for PIN tubes. A number of metal lines are etched on upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate to form the zigzag line structures. The zigzag lines of the same surface are parallel to each other and are spaced by the length of the translation of one unit. The zigzag lines of upper and lower surfaces are orthogonal. The middle parts of the metal lines close to each other in each unit are connected by welding PIN tubes. Positive and negative voltage bias are added into corresponding edge feed lines of upper and lower surfaces, and the working status of the PIN tubes is controlled. According to the invention, the structure can be applied to a radome; the frequency selection characteristic of manually adjustable surface frequency selection is realized; the polarization of different incident waves is stable; and the simple structure has the advantage of simple feeding mode, and is suitable for a complex electromagnetic environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radome design field, be related to a kind of stable polarization has switching function to special frequency channel
Frequency-selective surfaces structural antenna cover.
Background technology
In recent years, FSS（Frequency-selective surfaces）Antenna house, as a kind of more emerging antenna house working mechanism, is subject to
The extensive concern of research worker.Compared with traditional antenna house, frequency-selective surfaces antenna house can not only improve radar work
Wave transmission rate in frequency band, it is ensured that radar normal work, and the reflection of electromagnetic wave rate outside working band can also be reduced, obtain good
Stealth effect.
At present, common frequency-selective surfaces antenna house great majority are prepared from using passive FSS structures material, passive
The periodic structure that FSS is made up of a large amount of passive resonance units, can typically pass through the gap of fabrication cycle on a metal plate
Or periodic metal patch is arranged on dielectric-slab to realize.As the electric property of passive FSS cannot change, therefore its
The change of external electromagnetic environment can not be rapidly adapted to, and then reduces the application flexibility of passive FSS antenna houses.Active frequencies are selected
It is on the basis of traditional frequency-selective surfaces to have installed active device additional to select surface, overcomes
The defect of its performance, has great application potential in complex electromagnetic environment application.
Active frequencies select surface be British Kent university T.K.Chang, R.J.Langley and E.A.Parker in
Put forward within 1993, from after proposing, two developed during the last ten years, but most of active frequencies select surface
Be merely able to particular characteristic be realized for single polarization electromagnetic wave, that is, there is the unstable defect of polarization；Some scholars, such as Ghaffer
There is feeding network by using gap surrounding asymmetrical load PIN pipes and the mode of through hole and back of the body feedback, this mode in I.Kiani
It is complicated, the problems such as processing and manufacturing difficulty is big, and should not adopt.With the development of technology, increasing occasion Structure of need compared with
Surface is selected for the stable active frequencies of simple polarization characteristic.
University of Electronic Science and Technology is patent " double frequency bandwidth frequency selects surface "（Publication number：CN105244619A）In, propose
A kind of double frequency bandwidth frequency selects surface texture, and to realize more stable frequency-selective surfaces by ripple side's annular distance can answer
Reduce the RCS of antenna for antenna house, it is also possible to reduce the mutual coupling between aerial array, can be also used for increasing the spoke of antenna
Penetrate gain effect.The invention uses the passive frequencies of fixed structure to select surface texture, it is impossible to enough adapt to external electrical magnet ring
The change in border.
In patent, " active frequencies select the design side on surface for Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS
Method "（Publication number：CN 105244570A）In, it is proposed that active frequencies select the method for designing on surface, solve in prior art
Active frequencies select expansibility, the wide angle not having on surface treatment（0°~50°）Have under irradiation and spurious resonance easily occur
The technical problem of phenomenon.The method for designing has in fields such as antenna house, absorbing material, omnidirectional scanning antenna and phased-array radars
Be widely used background.The invention does not consider the technical problem of stable polarization.
Beijing environmental characteristics institute is at patent " a kind of active high wave transparent metamaterial structure and antenna house "（Publication number：CN
105856676A）In, it is proposed that a kind of active high wave transparent metamaterial structure, surface is selected including the first frequency of lamination successively
Layer, dielectric-slab, second frequency select surface layer.The structure can effectively be reduced with interior Insertion Loss, be improved with interior wave transmission rate, while real
Now stealthy with outer multiband, the invention also discloses a kind of antenna house for realizing the structure, although selected using active frequencies
The frequency of surface texture selects characteristic to realize the stealthy of antenna house, but does not consider the technical problem stable to polarization of ele.
The content of the invention
The problem different to different polarization modes response effect of surface presence is selected for existing active frequencies, this
Bright to propose a kind of active frequencies selection surface texture, its frequency response characteristic can be in horizontally-polarized electromagnetic wave and vertical polarization
It is consistent under electromagnetic wave incident, while feeding classification is simple, handling ease, thickness are little, raising frequency selection table can be reached
The purpose of surface antenna split-pole stability.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that a kind of active frequencies of offer select surface texture, its bag
Contain：
Medium substrate；
Ground floor meandering line structure, which is provided with the first meander line of multiple metals of layout in the first direction, positioned at medium substrate
A surface among upper and lower surface；
Second layer meandering line structure, which is provided with the second meander line of multiple metals of layout in a second direction, positioned at medium substrate
Another surface among upper and lower surface；The ground floor meandering line structure and second layer meandering line structure are orthogonal pass
It is and intercouples；
PIN pipes are connected between two neighboring first meander line, two neighboring first meander line is respectively the PIN pipes being connected
Positive voltage and negative voltage are provided；
PIN pipes are connected between two neighboring second meander line；Two neighboring second meander line is respectively the PIN pipes being connected
Positive voltage and negative voltage are provided.
Preferably, each meander line is provided with periodically raised and depression, and the depth and length phase of raised and depression
Together；Multiple meander lines on same surface are parallel to each other, and the projection of two neighboring meander line is in opposite direction with depression；In phase
Adjacent two closest positions of meander line are connected by PIN pipes.
Preferably, will be one of any one meander line on medium substrate same surface complete raised and its both sides each half
Depression, and one closest with complete projection on an adjacent meander line be completely recessed and its both sides it is each half it is convex
Rise, referred to as one unit；
The ground floor meandering line structure and second layer meandering line structure are each provided with multiple units；The length of side of each unit is P,
It is consistent with the Cycle Length of meandering line structure；The live width of each meander line is W；Complete raised and complete depression in each unit
At intervals of G；Each is complete raised and is completely recessed respective length for L；Wherein, P=2*L-2*W.
Preferably, the corresponding PIN pipes of each unit are connected between the complete raised and complete depression in the middle part of the unit, institute
The length for stating PIN pipes is equal to interval G.
Preferably, on the ground floor meandering line structure and second layer meandering line structure, respectively PIN pipes provide positive voltage
Meander line, first feeder line at surface texture edge is selected by connecting the active frequencies, is connected with the positive pole of external power source
Connect；Respectively PIN pipes provide the meander line of negative voltage, by the second feeder line of adjoining edge, connect with the negative pole of external power source
Connect.
Preferably, when the bias voltage of external power source is 0, each PIN pipe ends, and is closed；
When the bias voltage of external power source is 3.3V, each PIN pipe is turned on, in open mode.
Preferably, between two neighboring first meander line PIN pipes closure, it is and described two neighboring second bent
The closure of PIN pipes, orthogonal relationship between broken line.
Preferably, microwave frequency band of the operating frequency of the PIN pipes comprising 0.5GHz ~ 4.5GHz.
Preferably, the medium substrate can be F4B-2 substrates, and dielectric constant is 2.65.
Preferably, the active frequencies select surface texture to be used for antenna house.
Compared with above-mentioned representative Patents, the present invention proposes a kind of active frequencies for possessing stable polarization
Surface texture is selected, stable polarization characteristic while rapidly adapting to the change of external electromagnetic environment, can be kept.
The active frequencies select surface texture to include medium base, ground floor meandering line structure, second layer complications knot
Structure, the PIN pipes loaded on each periodic unit, the edge feeder line being biased to PIN pipes.The upper surface of the medium substrate and
The metal meander line that lower surface is etched respectively in the horizontal direction and is extends in the vertical direction, upper and lower two-layer meandering line structure are presented
Orthogonality relation, and can intercouple, form the resonance frequency of bandpass-type.
The present invention is realized to not like-polarized incidence by adjusting the switch working state of the PIN pipes of upper and lower surface
Electromagnetic wave by with not by control, it is so as to realize the manual adjustment to electromagnetic wave, simple to operate, it is practical.Work as needs
When the electromagnetic wave of characteristic frequency passes through, bias voltage is not provided, when the electromagnetic wave for not needing the characteristic frequency passes through, there is provided
The bias voltage of 3.3V.The active frequencies of stable polarization of the present invention select surface, and simple structure, thickness are less, have
Good application prospect, can be used in intelligent Stealthy reflector Antenna cover design.
Description of the drawings
A kind of frequency-selective surfaces structural representation of stable polarization that Fig. 1 is provided for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of active frequencies selection surface texture in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of any one unit in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the ground floor meandering line structure schematic diagram of active frequencies selection surface texture in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the second layer meandering line structure schematic diagram of active frequencies selection surface texture in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is vertical polarization（TE）And horizontal polarization（TM）Electromagnetic wave is perpendicular to during surface texture incidence, active described in embodiment
Wave transparent coefficient figure of the frequency-selective surfaces structure when switch element is closed；
Fig. 7 is vertical polarization（TE）And horizontal polarization（TM）Electromagnetic wave is perpendicular to during surface texture incidence, active described in embodiment
Wave transparent coefficient figure of the frequency-selective surfaces structure when switch element is opened.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 5, a kind of active frequencies of stable polarization that the present invention is provided select surface texture, comprising：It is situated between
Matter substrate 1, which is provided with the surface of layer of metal meandering line structure layout in the horizontal direction, and layer of metal meandering line structure is along hanging down
Surface of the Nogata to layout.
The medium substrate 1 can be F4B-2 substrates, and dielectric constant is 2.65.
The medium substrate 1 has certain thickness in z directions；In the upper surface 11 and lower surface 12 of the medium substrate 1
Metal meander line 21 and 22 is etched respectively, forms upper strata meandering line structure and lower floor's meandering line structure, both meander line rows
Cloth direction is presented orthogonality relation.
In preferred example, each layer of meandering line structure is constituted by the meander line 2 of more than 8 metals（Per layer of Fig. 1 examples
Containing 8；Per layer of the example of Fig. 2 contains 6）.Every meander line 2 periodically has and raises up and two kinds to lower recess tortuous
Mode, and it is raised identical with length with the depth of depression.
Each Rotating fields（I.e. same surface）On multiple meander lines 2 be parallel to each other.Adjacent 2 phase of meander line of any two
Mutually symmetrical, which is raised in opposite direction with depression.Any one meander line（I-th）With the meander line of spaced apart（I-th
± 2）Projection with depression direction it is identical, and be spaced translation one unit length.Any two adjacent meander line 2 is connect the most
Near position is connected by a corresponding PIN pipe 3.
Fig. 3 illustrates the structure of wherein any one unit, each comprising one section at certain meander line complete raised and its both sides
Half section of depression, and half and half section of one section of complete depression and its both sides are raised at an adjacent meander line.The length of side of unit is P, with song
The Cycle Length of meander line structure is consistent；Meander line itself width everywhere is W；Metal wire sections length close to each other in the middle part of unit
（The length of the complete raised or groove of one section of correspondence）For L, at intervals of G, wherein, P=2*L-2*W.G is also equal to used PIN
The length of pipe, value is in the range of 1 ~ 1.5mm.The geometric parameter of example is respectively：P=30mm, L=17.6mm, G=1.5mm, W=
2.6mm。
One PIN pipe of correspondence certain unit, positioned at the middle part of the unit, is welded on metal wire close to each other in the unit
Between section（Between the complete raised and complete depression of the two neighboring meander line of correspondence）.One of meander line is connected
PIN pipes provide positive voltage, and another meander line provides negative voltage.
The active frequencies select four side edges of surface texture, are respectively equipped with the feeder line being biased for PIN pipes.Upper table
The meander line edge of all odd-numbered lines in face is connected by feeder line 4, and the meander line edge of all even number lines of upper surface is connected by feeder line 7
Connect, the meander line edge of all odd-numbered lines of lower surface is connected by feeder line 5, and the meander line edge of all even number lines of lower surface passes through
Feeder line 6 connects；Feeder line 4 and 5 is connected with positive source, and feeder line 6 and 7 is connected with power cathode.So all of PIN pipes,
The meander line and its feeder line being electrically connected with therewith is may pass through, its working condition is controlled by external power source：Work as source bias
It is closed mode for 0, PIN pipes；When source bias voltage is 3.3V, PIN pipes are open mode.
When feeder line 4 and 5 is high level, 6 and 7 when being low level, and each PIN pipe is turned on, and PIN pipes are in open state, correspondence
Frequency choosing surface be in band logical state；When all of feeder line is low level, each PIN pipe ends, and PIN pipes are in pass shape
State, corresponding frequency choosing surface are in masked state.
Any electromagnetic wave of free space can be decomposed into horizontal polarization（TM polarizes）And vertical polarization（TE polarizes）Two
Polarization components.The meander line orthogonal relationship of two-layer up and down of frequency-selective surfaces, intercouples, is formed in the 2.6GHz of S-band
Band logical frequency range.Upper strata meandering line structure and lower floor's meandering line structure are loaded with PIN pipes respectively；The welding side of upper surface PIN pipes
Also orthogonality relation is presented to the welding direction with lower surface PIN pipes.
When the polarization of ele direction for inciding surface（That is direction of an electric field）When consistent with the welding direction of PIN pipes, PIN pipes
On-off action can be played, and when polarised direction is vertical with the welding direction of PIN pipes, the effect of PIN pipes is negligible.
For the ground floor meandering line structure shown in Fig. 4, the welding direction of PIN pipes is left and right, therefore can control horizontal polarization（TM）
Electromagnetic wave by with shielding；For the second layer meandering line structure shown in Fig. 5, the welding direction of PIN pipes be it is upper and lower, thus
Vertical polarization can be controlled（TE）Electromagnetic wave by with shielding.Tied by the coupled characteristic by the meandering line structure of levels
Merge the single polarization characteristic using PIN pipes, finally realize stable polarization performance and the frequency-selective surfaces with switching function.
The operating frequency of the PIN pipes can cover 0.5 ~ 4.5GHz frequency ranges.Thus, the present invention can be in microwave frequency band
0.5GHz ~ 4.5GHz produces response, and realizes the Frequency Response consistent with vertically polarized wave to horizontal polarization in the frequency range.Pass through
The break-make of PIN pipes is adjusted, bandpass characteristics and shielding character in S-band antenna house is realized, PIN pipes are closed special corresponding to band logical
Property, PIN pipes are opened corresponding to shielding character.
The active frequencies of stable polarization of the present invention select surface, its amplitude-frequency characteristic simulation result as shown in Figure 6, Figure 7,
Fig. 6 is that TE polarizes and TM polarized electromagnetic waves are perpendicular to during surface texture incidence, and active frequencies described in embodiment select surface texture
Wave transparent coefficient figure when switch element is closed, in the figure, TE polarization, the curve of TM polarization are essentially coincided；Fig. 7 be TE polarization and
Perpendicular to during surface texture incidence, active frequencies described in embodiment select surface texture to open in switch element to TM polarized electromagnetic waves
When wave transparent coefficient figure.When PIN pipes are closed, the structure is less than 1dB in the insertion loss of microwave frequency 2.6GHz.
The active frequencies of the stable polarization that the present invention is provided select surface texture, can realize that artificial scalable frequency is selected
The frequency on surface selects characteristic, and to different incidence wave stable polarizations, simple structure, feeding classification are simple, it is adaptable to complicated electromagnetism ring
In border.
Although present disclosure has been made to be discussed in detail by above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that above-mentioned
Description is not considered as limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read the above, for the present invention's
Various modifications and substitutions all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of active frequencies select surface texture, it is characterised in that include：
Medium substrate；
Ground floor meandering line structure, which is provided with the first meander line of multiple metals of layout in the first direction, positioned at medium substrate
A surface among upper and lower surface；
Second layer meandering line structure, which is provided with the second meander line of multiple metals of layout in a second direction, positioned at medium substrate
Another surface among upper and lower surface；The ground floor meandering line structure and second layer meandering line structure are orthogonal pass
It is and intercouples；
PIN pipes are connected between two neighboring first meander line, two neighboring first meander line is respectively the PIN pipes being connected
Positive voltage and negative voltage are provided；
PIN pipes are connected between two neighboring second meander line；Two neighboring second meander line is respectively the PIN pipes being connected
Positive voltage and negative voltage are provided.
2. active frequencies as claimed in claim 1 select surface texture, it is characterised in that
Each meander line is provided with periodically raised and depression, and raised identical with length with the depth of depression；Same surface
On multiple meander lines be parallel to each other, and the projection of two neighboring meander line and depression it is in opposite direction；In two neighboring complications
The closest position of line is connected by PIN pipes.
3. active frequencies as claimed in claim 2 select surface texture, it is characterised in that
One of any one meander line on medium substrate same surface complete raised and its both sides are recessed for each half, Yi Jixiang
One closest with the complete projection complete depression and its each half projection in both sides on an adjacent meander line, referred to as one
Unit；
The ground floor meandering line structure and second layer meandering line structure are each provided with multiple units；The length of side of each unit is P,
It is consistent with the Cycle Length of meandering line structure；The live width of each meander line is W；Complete raised and complete depression in each unit
At intervals of G；Each is complete raised and is completely recessed respective length for L；Wherein, P=2*L-2*W.
4. active frequencies as claimed in claim 3 select surface texture, it is characterised in that
The corresponding PIN pipes of each unit are connected between the complete raised and complete depression in the middle part of the unit, the length of the PIN pipes
Degree is equal to interval G.
5. as described in claim 1 or 3, active frequencies select surface texture, it is characterised in that
On the ground floor meandering line structure and second layer meandering line structure, respectively PIN pipes provide the meander line of positive voltage, lead to
The first feeder line for connecting that the active frequencies select surface texture edge is crossed, is connected with the positive pole of external power source；Respectively PIN
Pipe provides the meander line of negative voltage, by the second feeder line of adjoining edge, is connected with the negative pole of external power source.
6. active frequencies as claimed in claim 5 select surface texture, it is characterised in that
When the bias voltage of external power source is 0, each PIN pipe ends, and is closed；
When the bias voltage of external power source is 3.3V, each PIN pipe is turned on, in open mode.
7. active frequencies as claimed in claim 5 select surface texture, it is characterised in that
PIN between the closure of PIN pipes, and two neighboring second meander line between two neighboring first meander line
The closure of pipe, orthogonal relationship.
8. active frequencies as claimed in claim 1 select surface texture, it is characterised in that
Microwave frequency band of the operating frequency of the PIN pipes comprising 0.5GHz ~ 4.5GHz.
9. active frequencies as claimed in claim 1 select surface texture, it is characterised in that
The medium substrate can be F4B-2 substrates, and dielectric constant is 2.65.
10. active frequencies as claimed in claim 1 select surface texture, it is characterised in that
The active frequencies select surface texture to be used for antenna house.
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| CN107611622A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-19 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Double-side-frequency broadband wave absorber with controllable pass band |
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| CN112290224A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-29 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Angle response adjustable frequency selective surface |
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