CN108963464A - Meander line metamaterial unit and the super surface of focusing designed using the unit - Google Patents
Meander line metamaterial unit and the super surface of focusing designed using the unit Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of meander line metamaterial unit and utilize the super surface of focusing of unit design, meander line metamaterial unit is arranged on dielectric-slab, reference wave uses coaxial feed, form slab guide, to form cylindrical wave in dielectric-slab, model is established by Hankel function in magnetic field of the incident wave radiation on super surface；Based on holographic thought, needs to obtain reference wave and virtual focal point propagates back to the field distribution of super the interfered formation of surface holographic plate, therefore, for virtual focal pointPropagate back to the field distribution on super surface；In order to generate hologram on super surface, so that back-propagating field will be generated from reference wave guide mode, can be realized by the COMPLEX AMPLITUDE on the super surface with meander line metamaterial unit that is defined by the formula.Real-time, tunable control may be implemented in the present invention, can change in real time its control methods according to the movement of focus position object, enables the movement of focus point real-time tracking object.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to communication technique fields, and in particular to a kind of meander line metamaterial unit and utilize unit design
Focus super surface.
Background technique
The super surface of current electromagnetism is essentially all to change the size of resonant element to realize controllable state, but one
After the kind super surface cell of electromagnetism completes, specific function can only be completed for a certain special frequency channel；It can not be for practical
The variation of application scenarios changes its corresponding function in real time, and its inconvenient, not flexible.
The novel artificial electromagnetism Meta Materials design stage in beginning is normally based on the arrangement rule for simulating most of nature materials
Then, that is, simple periodic arrangement sequence.It studies therewith extensively and profoundly, it is this kind of heavy that sight has been turned to macroscopical sequence by researchers
Freedom degree is wanted, arrangement design provides the special medium of gradient of gradual sequence, and there have been the optic camouflages just mentioned, optics
The nascent technologies such as mirage phantom.In recent years, Meta Materials had been gone in the application of market from learning concept level, the practical cognition of let us
To the power of Meta Materials.However, today that intelligent demand increasingly increases, market proposes higher want to Meta Materials
It asks, is exactly that it will also accomplish the flexibility and property easy to remove of operation while guaranteeing excellent electromagnetism performance of control.Therefore,
The super surface of the planarization-of Meta Materials comes out.Super surface is the electromagnet specificity dielectric surface with complicated macroscopical sequence, it
The planarization tissue being made of many small scatterers or aperture, in many research at present, super surface can reach with
The same function of Meta Materials.However, physical space occupied by super surface is far smaller than Meta Materials space accounting, and due to it
It is two-dimensional to be configured to realize low energy consumption, it can be seen that, super surface perfectly realize people for Meta Materials flexibility with it is easy
Handling expectation.
The super surface of electromagnetism is a kind of emerging knot for regulating and controlling electromagnetic wave by modes such as control Wave-front phase, amplitude and polarizations
Structure, it is based on broad sense Snell's law, and the emerging knot of electromagnetic wave regulation is carried out by control Wave-front phase, amplitude and polarization
Structure, be have occupy little space, be lost it is low, preparation be easy the features such as metamaterial structure, can be widely applied to antenna works,
The electromagnetic waves such as smart machine manufacture, medical treatment regulate and control industry, and development prospect is wide.
All electromagnetic wave phase regulations may be implemented on the super superficial theory of electromagnetism, it is important that as manipulator it is to be understood that
Which kind of phase distribution the electromagnetic wave adjusting function that the super surface is realized corresponds to.Realize that the electromagnetic wave of desired point is focused or adjusted
Control, researcher will do a large amount of mathematical computations in leading portion, and design feedback circnit NOT and realized that this often makes the electricity on super surface
Magnetic wave regulation complexity is got up.Does so super surface only exist a kind of this control method? this problem obtains in holographic imaging thought
Answer has been arrived, super surface controllableization is realized according to holographic imaging wavefront record and the thought of wave-front reconstruction.
The super surface of electromagnetism is developed so far, although the amplitude and phase regulation to various situations, existing side may be implemented
Super surface one kind of method design can only correspond to a kind of control methods, if to change control methods, it is super to need to redesign electromagnetism
Surface.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to the super surfaces of existing electromagnetism cannot achieve real-time, tunable control, above-mentioned to solve
Problem, the present invention provide a kind of meander line metamaterial unit and the super surface of focusing using unit design.
The object of the present invention is achieved in the following manner:
Meander line metamaterial unit, including the first vertical line segment, the second vertical line segment, the vertical line segment of third, first level line segment
With the second horizontal line section, according to the first vertical line segment, first level line segment, the second vertical line segment, the second horizontal line section and third
Being sequentially connected with for vertical line segment, is loaded with first diode on the first vertical line segment, the is loaded on the second horizontal line section
Two diodes, the second vertical line segment and the vertical line segment of third are connected to by third diode, and first diode and the second diode are led
When logical, the cut-off of third diode；When third diode current flow, first diode and the cut-off of the second diode；First vertical line segment,
The equivalent resistance that the vertical line segment of second vertical line segment and third is constituted is identical, what first level line segment and the second horizontal line section were constituted
Equivalent resistance is identical；First vertical line segment, the second vertical line segment, the vertical line segment of third, first level line segment and the second horizontal line
Section is made of electrically conductive material.
The equal length of the first vertical line segment, the second vertical line segment and the vertical line segment of third, is L；First is vertical
Line segment, the second vertical line segment, the vertical line segment of third, the width of first level line segment and the second horizontal line section are equal, are τ, and
The equal length of one horizontal line section and the second horizontal line section.
The equal length of the first level line segment and the second horizontal line section is 4 τ.
The L is 450 μm, τ=25 μm, and the resonance frequency of meander line metamaterial unit is 92.5GHz.
The super surface of focusing designed using above-mentioned meander line metamaterial unit, the meander line metamaterial unit are arranged in
On dielectric-slab, reference wave uses coaxial feed, slab guide is formed, so that cylindrical wave is formed in dielectric-slab, by incident amplitude
It is as follows that model by Hankel function is established in the magnetic field penetrated on super surface:
Wherein, k indicates the wave number of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in vacuum,λ is expressed as the wavelength of electromagnetic wave；εrTable
Show the dielectric constant of medium substrate；φ indicates meander line long axis in the angle on surface, if meander line long axis is somebody's turn to do along x-axis
Meander line will be coupled with the x-axis component of reference wave, thus will multiplied by cos φ, this when φ=0 °, if along y-axis,
Multiplied by sin φ, φ=90 °, value range is exactly 0-90 degree, indicates meander line long axis inclination angle；It is discrete point on super surface
Position；
Based on holographic thought, needs to obtain reference wave and propagate back to super surface holographic plate with virtual focal point and interfere to be formed
Field distribution, therefore, for virtual focal pointThe field distribution for propagating back to super surface, is defined as follows:
Wherein, k indicates the wave number of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in vacuum,
In order to generate hologram on super surface, so that the back-propagating field of formula (2) will be generated from the reference wave guide mode of formula (1),
It can be realized by the COMPLEX AMPLITUDE on the super surface with meander line metamaterial unit that is defined by the formula:
Wherein,Indicate the complex conjugate in guidance magnetic field.
The Hankel function be derived by Bessel function, specific formula is as follows:
The meander line metamaterial unit is in matrix arrangement on dielectric-slab.
The meander line metamaterial unit is 60 rows, and every row 60, the size for focusing super surface is the μ of 27mm × 18mm × 10
m。
The dielectric-slab is silicon substrate.
It is exactly the adjustable design of dynamic of meander line metamaterial unit where core of the invention and innovation.To metamaterial unit
Dynamic regulation thought it is long-standing, in recent years, with the development of cognitive radio and computer software technology, can dynamically weigh
Structure technology (RRT) has become the new hot spot of research of domestic and international research team.The appearance of the technology allows for for a long time hard
Some are fuzzy for the boundary of part and software, pass through the processing of software implementation, hardware system more software implementation.The essence of dynamic reconfigurable refers to
Be do not generate big variation to original system hardware, and realize it is more multi-functional.Pass through load microwave electronic device or use
Mechanical method changes the resonance characteristic of metamaterial unit, i.e., under same physical structure body, the frequency of metamaterial unit is special
Property, resonance characteristic and polarization characteristic can all carry out flexible modulation according to external demand, therefore have diversity and dynamic controllable
Property.Dynamically controllable technology influences the regulation of Meta Materials electromagnetic wave huge, makes electromagnetic wave control technique towards efficient adjustable prosecutor
To development.Meta Materials have excellent performance in terms of regulating and controlling electromagnetic wave.If wanting to realize and carrying out complicated son to Electromagnetic Wave Propagation
Thin control theoretically requires the dielectric constant to metamaterial unit, magnetic conductivity to carry out certain rule arrangement on dielectric-slab and becomes
Change, that is, selects certain special numerical value.For theoretically, each periodic unit of Meta Materials medium can be by artificial
Control its resonance frequency.
The electromagnetic property of metamaterial unit is generally determined by its structure feature, according to any structure of theory of transmission line
Metamaterial unit can turn to the equivalent circuit being made of capacitor, inductance and resistance.In its model, equivalent capacity and inductance
It determines the resonance frequency of metamaterial unit, therefore, can be realized by changing inductance and capacitance to the real-time of resonance frequency
It adjusts.Based on the above thought, researcher, which has proposed a variety of effective ways, realizes the real-time dynamically controllable of metamaterial unit, main
Stream regulative mode has structure to adjust (mechanical to adjust), matrix adjusts (adjusting of controllable material formula) and load lamped element (is opened
Pass formula adjust) etc. real-time, tunables control technology.
Structure is adjusted, that is, mechanical adjusting, this regulative mode can generally be realized using applied mechanical structure, than
Such as MEMS.On the whole, although being easier to realize in the controllable Meta Materials element structure of mechanical conditioning type,
It is that the structure needs accurate and complicated control system, such case results in attachment device volume excessively huge, and there are nothings
A series of problems, such as response device time is long when method frequently moves, regulates and controls, therefore the method is not to realize the controllable Meta Materials of dynamic
The ideal method of device.Based on the above drawback, mechanical regulation is not appropriate for the dynamic regulation of the Meta Materials device of the paper.
Matrix is adjusted, and theoretical research is pointed out to change dielectric constant, magnetic conductivity and the thickness of Meta Materials dielectric layer, so that it may adjust
Save the electromagnetic parameter and resonance frequency of Meta Materials.If the dielectric layer of Meta Materials is set as controllable dielectric material, as long as then
Regulation dynamic excitation signal can change the dielectric constant of dielectric layer, to realize the dynamic controllably tuning of resonance frequency.
This kind of material mainly has magnetic responsiveness medium and electric field response medium two major classes.Theoretical research is pointed out to change Meta Materials dielectric layer
Dielectric constant and thickness, the electromagnetic parameter and resonance frequency of adjustable material.Above-mentioned material mainly has magnetic responsiveness medium
And electric field response medium this two major classes.The controllable metamaterial unit of matrix adjustable type based on the controllable dielectric material of dynamic can
Realize that the continuous uniform to Meta Materials electricity and magnetic characteristic regulates and controls, and regulating mechanism is simple, it may be said that be a kind of up-and-coming
The controllable metamaterial unit design of dynamic in real time.But this controllable Meta Materials of dynamic for being based only on material property are also by material sheet
The electromagnetic parameter variation range of the limitation of body performance, nature material is limited, this will lead to frequency-tuning range with regard to very little, medium material
Material needs fraction of time to a provisioning response is made from receiving pumping signal, this but also the controllable Meta Materials of dynamic response time
It is too long.That is, the controllable Meta Materials of this matrix adjustable type dynamic also need further to develop and perfect, it is delayed too long,
Just the dynamic regulation for the Meander Line Meta Materials element in this paper and it is not suitable for.
Load is adjusted, and is inserted into regulating switch in the equivalent circuit of Meta Materials, the conducting by controlling regulating switch it is logical or
Person disconnects to realize the real-time control to resonance frequency, magnetic conductivity and dielectric constant.Diode is the most common regulation device,
It is loaded into metamaterial modular construction, by regulating and controlling the bias voltage of each metamaterial unit, the equivalent capacity of diode
Value will occur continuously to change, and thus obtain the Meta Materials medium of continuously adjustable control formula.Here it is load adjustable types can
Control the controllable principle of Meta Materials element.
To sum up, mechanical adjustment mode and matrix regulative mode can theoretically be completed to the super material of Meander Line of the present invention
The dynamic of material controllably designs, however in view of the operability under actual conditions, load adjustable type is only the emphasis of the design, because
This loaded type adjusts the breach that controllable Meta Materials are controllable Meta Materials designs of the invention.
Compared with the existing technology, the invention proposes a kind of new super surface of electromagnetism and its controllable methods.Based on holography
Thought proposes a kind of controllable method of super surface dynamic of completely new electromagnetism.This method passes through in Meander Line Meta Materials resonance list
It is controllable to the dynamic of super surface cell that multiple PIN diodes realizations are loaded in member, so as to the controllable unit module
It carries out regularly arranged to form controllable holographic interference plate.The layout and their SPA sudden phase anomalies shape of Meander Line metamaterial unit
State is determined that the radiation field of i.e. reference wave radiation field and virtual focus point backpropagation interferes the phase to be formed by holographic designs principle
Distribution determines the alignment placement and resonant state of metamaterial unit.
Real-time, tunable control may be implemented in the present invention, can change in real time its regulation according to the movement of focus position object
Mode, enables the movement of focus point real-time tracking object.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the amplitude and phase accordingly result that L different length makes the resonant element under the frequency.
Fig. 2 is the controllable Meander Line Meta Materials element effect figure of dynamic.
Fig. 3 is PIN diode biasing characteristic.
Fig. 4 is forward bias metamaterial unit equivalent model.
Fig. 5 is reverse bias metamaterial unit equivalent model.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram for focusing super surface.
Fig. 7 is with reference to Electromagnetic Wave Propagation to super surface phase distribution.
Fig. 8 is the phase distribution that focus point propagates back to super surface.
Fig. 9 is reference wave and focus point backpropagation electromagnetic wave interference figure phase distribution.
Figure 10 is Meander Line metamaterial unit bias conditions figure.
Figure 11 is focusing effect figure.
Specific embodiment
Meander line metamaterial unit, including the first vertical line segment 1, the second vertical line segment 2, the vertical line segment 3 of third, the first water
Horizontal line section 4 and the second horizontal line section 5, it is horizontal according to the first vertical line segment 1, first level line segment 4, the second vertical line segment 2, second
Line segment 5 and the vertical line segment 3 of third are sequentially connected with, and first diode 6 is loaded on the first vertical line segment 1, and second is horizontal
The second diode 7 is loaded on line segment 5, the second vertical line segment 2 is connected to the vertical line segment 3 of third by third diode 8, and the one or two
When pole pipe 6 and the second diode 7 are connected, third diode 8 ends；When third diode 8 is connected, first diode 6 and second
Diode 7 ends；The equivalent resistance that first vertical line segment 1, the second vertical line segment 2 and the vertical line segment 3 of third are constituted is identical, and first
Horizontal line section 4 is identical with the equivalent resistance that the second horizontal line section 5 is constituted；First vertical line segment 1, the second vertical line segment 2, third are perpendicular
Straightway 3, first level line segment 4 and the second horizontal line section 5 are made of electrically conductive material.
The equal length of first vertical line segment 1, the second vertical line segment 2 and the vertical line segment 3 of third, is L；First vertical line
The 1, second vertical line segment 2 of section, the vertical line segment 3 of third, the width of first level line segment 4 and the second horizontal line section 5 are equal, are τ,
The equal length of first level line segment 4 and the second horizontal line section 5.
L different length makes amplitude and phase accordingly result of the resonant element under the frequency as shown in Figure 1.
As shown in Fig. 2 (1), each Meander Line Meta Materials element includes 3 PIN diodes arranged according to certain rules,
For each PIN diode, it is assumed that Fig. 3 show the circuit equivalent model of PIN diode.For single PIN diode, PIN
Diode is modeled as insignificant forward resistance and the concatenated RL circuit of inductor, as shown in Figure 3.When reverse biased, PIN
Diode can be modeled as lc circuit, show high inverse resistive (i.e. effectively open circuit).
As shown in Fig. 2 (1), when first diode 6,7 forward bias of the second diode, 8 reverse bias of third diode
When, first diode 6, the conducting of the second diode 7, third diode 8 end, so that entire coupling unit is Fig. 2 (2), this
Shi Changdu is L.And when first diode 6,7 reverse bias third 8 forward bias of diode of the second diode, first
Diode 6, the cut-off of the second diode 7, third diode 8 are connected, so that entire coupling unit is Fig. 2 (3), length is L/ at this time
2。
Length by changing L, which can achieve, changes the amplitude and phase relationship that resonant element changes signal.
The equal length of first level line segment 4 and the second horizontal line section 5 is 4 τ.
The resonance frequency of meander line metamaterial unit is determined that L is 450 μm, τ=25 μm, the super material of meander line by length parameter L
The resonance frequency of material unit is 92.5GHz.
Meander line metamaterial unit passes through the length parameter L of load diode dynamic regulation Meander Line hyperelement, flexibly
Realize the consecutive variations of phase on super surface, the characteristic reversely ended using diode forward current lead-through is dynamic to carry out microwave
State regulation, the present invention design the controllable Meander Line Meta Materials element of dynamic as shown in Figure 2.
The size of the on-off control Meander Line Meta Materials length parameter L of PIN diode indirectly controls resonance frequency, in turn
Coupling response of the control element to reference wave.Each metamaterial unit loads 3 PIN diodes.
When forward bias, as shown in figure 4, first diode 6, the second diode 7 are connected, third diode 8 ends, at this time
L=450 μm of meander line hyperelement is, it can be achieved that 45 ° of SPA sudden phase anomalies of 92.5GHz frequency range.
When reverse biased, as shown in figure 5, first diode 6, the cut-off of the second diode 7, third diode 8 are connected, this
When participate in resonance meander line hyperelement L be 350 μm, it can be achieved that 90 ° of SPA sudden phase anomalies of 92.5GHz frequency range.That is, the dynamic
Adjustable Meander Line Meta Materials element can realize 0 to 180 ° of SPA sudden phase anomalies.
Before designing hologram, it is thus necessary to determine that reference wave.
The super surface of focusing designed using above-mentioned meander line metamaterial unit, the meander line metamaterial unit are arranged in
On dielectric-slab, as shown in fig. 6, reference wave uses coaxial feed, slab guide is formed, so that cylindrical wave is formed in dielectric-slab,
It is as follows that model by Hankel function is established into magnetic field of the incident wave radiation on super surface:
Wherein, k indicates the wave number of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in vacuum,λ is expressed as the wavelength of electromagnetic wave；εrTable
Show the dielectric constant of medium substrate；φ indicates meander line long axis in the angle on surface, if meander line long axis is somebody's turn to do along x-axis
Meander line will be coupled with the x-axis component of reference wave, thus will multiplied by cos φ, this when φ=0 °, if along y-axis,
Multiplied by sin φ, φ=90 °, value range is exactly 0-90 degree, indicates meander line long axis inclination angle；It is discrete point on super surface
Position；
After the definition of reference wave bootmode, based on holographic thought, needs to obtain reference wave and reversely passed with virtual focal point
The field distribution for casting to super the interfered formation of surface holographic plate, therefore, for virtual focal pointPropagate back to the field on super surface
Distribution, is defined as follows:
Wherein, k indicates the wave number of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in vacuum,
In order to generate hologram on super surface, so that the back-propagating field of formula (2) will be generated from the reference wave guide mode of formula (1),
It can be realized by the COMPLEX AMPLITUDE on the super surface with meander line metamaterial unit that is defined by the formula:
Wherein,Indicate the complex conjugate in guidance magnetic field.
The phase distribution indicated in formula (3) is interfered by reference wave and virtual focal point backpropagation field, according to complete
The principle of breath, we next work need to only construct phase distribution represented by formula (3), can complete to desired focus point
It focuses.Therefore, this stage dominates the formation of later period focus point, so rebuilding formula (3) phase distribution for being implied to closing weight
It wants.
It should be noted that the realization of super surface holographic plate needs DC biasing circuit to drive PIN diode.From current ratio
From the point of view of effective solution scheme, a kind of method be etched on dielectric-slab sub-wavelength width line it is (sufficiently narrow to prevent from referring to
Wave distortion) adapt to biasing circuit.Alternatively, the metal throuth hole progress PIN that thin layer dielectric laminate can be added to diode is inclined
The design set.One group of shift register can also be driven using Arduino to realize the biasing of diode, or can be using existing
Field programmable gate array (FPGA) realizes switching speed.
The Hankel function be derived by Bessel function, specific formula is as follows:
The meander line metamaterial unit is in matrix arrangement on dielectric-slab, and matrix is M row, N column, and M and N are positive whole
Number.
The meander line metamaterial unit is 60 × 60, i.e. M=N=60, focus the size on super surface for 27mm ×
18mm×10μm。
The dielectric-slab is silicon substrate.
L-G simulation test:
The frequency selection of emulation is 20G,Value be 0, that is to say, that long axis is consistent with the direction x.
The formula of emulation is as follows:
Fun=besselh (0,1, pr)；Hankel function value is calculated in %
This program is exactly to emulate Hankel function formula listed above.
Super surface xy-plane coordinate system x=[- 0.2:step:0.2], y=[- 0.2:step:0.2] are set first, take pumping
Sample interval step=0.01.
We will be modeled as Hankel function with reference to electromagnetic wave, then with reference to Electromagnetic Wave Propagation to super surface phase distribution as schemed
Shown in 6.
In order to illustrate the restructural efficient electromagnetic wave ability of regulation and control in the super surface of holography proposed, we are on the super surface of distance
Focusing surface at 0.5m arbitrarily selects four spatial points: F1 (x=0.1m, y=0.1m, z=0.5m), F2 (x=-0.1m, y=
0.1m, z=0.5m), F3 (x=0.1m, y=-0.1m, z=0.5m) and F2 (x=-0.1m, y=-0.1m, z=0.5m).
The difference certainly of phase distribution representated by super surface is propagated back to for this four points, therefore, focus point propagates back to super
The phase distribution on surface should be the sum of this four virtual focal point phase distributions.It is emulated by MATLAB, focus point is reversed
The phase distribution for propagating to super surface is as shown in Figure 7.
So far, we complete the generation to reference electromagnetic wave and virtual focal point backpropagation electromagnetic wave and phase point
Cloth emulation.Based on holographic thought, we will record the interference pattern of reference wave Yu focus point backpropagation electromagnetic wave, therefore pass through
Cross that reference wave is calculated in MATLAB and focus point backpropagation electromagnetic wave interference figure phase distribution is as shown in Figure 8.
In the super surface control technique analog simulation of this electromagnetism, we are sought to through analog approximation interference pattern phase point
Cloth, and then the hyperelement arrangement on super surface is completed, incidence wave then is served as with original reference wave and irradiates super surface holographic plate, to reality
The regulation purpose of existing electromagnetic wave.By formula (3), interferometric phase distribution is calculated to obtain by MATLAB.One is indicated with a small cube
A phase property corresponds to the super surface of macroscopic view, and a small cube indicates a Meander Line metamaterial unit device, wherein greyish white
Color small cube indicates that the Meander Line metamaterial unit forward bias, black small cube indicate that the Meander Line metamaterial unit is anti-
To biasing, as shown in figure 9, as previously mentioned, the bias state control hyperelement of PIN diode is inclined in Meander Line metamaterial unit
Shake characteristic, and then the super surface of composition phase gradient variation.
Super surface holographic plate preparation is completed.Next, we using former reference wave to serve as incident electromagnetic wave complete to super surface
Breath plate is irradiated, and to realize four focal points, as shown in Figure 10, which realizes desired four focal point.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art,
Without depart from that overall concept of the invention, several changes and improvements can also be made, these also should be considered as of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (9)
1. meander line metamaterial unit, it is characterised in that: perpendicular including the first vertical line segment (1), the second vertical line segment (2), third
Straightway (3), first level line segment (4) and the second horizontal line section (5), according to the first vertical line segment (1), first level line segment
(4), the second vertical line segment (2), the second horizontal line section (5) and third vertical line segment (3) are sequentially connected with, the first vertical line
It is loaded with first diode (6), is loaded on the second horizontal line section (5) the second diode (7), the second vertical line segment in section (1)
(2) it is connected to the vertical line segment of third (3) by third diode (8), when first diode (6) and the second diode (7) are connected, the
Three diodes (8) cut-off；When third diode (8) is connected, first diode (6) and the second diode (7) cut-off；First is vertical
Line segment (1), the second vertical line segment (2) are identical with the equivalent resistance that the vertical line segment of third (3) is constituted, first level line segment (4) and
The equivalent resistance that second horizontal line section (5) is constituted is identical；First vertical line segment (1), the second vertical line segment (2), third vertical line
Section (3), first level line segment (4) and the second horizontal line section (5) are made of electrically conductive material.
2. meander line metamaterial unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the first vertical line segment (1), second
The equal length of vertical line segment (2) and the vertical line segment of third (3), is L；First vertical line segment (1), the second vertical line segment (2),
The width of the vertical line segment of third (3), first level line segment (4) and the second horizontal line section (5) is equal, is τ, first level line segment
(4) and the equal length of the second horizontal line section (5).
3. meander line metamaterial unit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the first level line segment (4) and
The equal length of two horizontal line sections (5) is 4 τ.
4. meander line metamaterial unit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the L is 450 μm, and τ=25 μm are bent
The resonance frequency of broken line metamaterial unit is 92.5GHz.
5. utilizing the super surface of focusing of any meander line metamaterial unit design of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that: if
A dry meander line metamaterial unit is arranged on dielectric-slab, and reference wave uses coaxial feed, slab guide is formed, thus in medium
Cylindrical wave is formed in plate, it is as follows that model by Hankel function is established in magnetic field of the incident wave radiation on super surface:
Wherein, k indicates the wave number of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in vacuum,λ is expressed as the wavelength of electromagnetic wave；εrTable
Show the dielectric constant of medium substrate；φ indicates meander line long axis in the angle on surface, if meander line long axis is somebody's turn to do along x-axis
Meander line will be coupled with the x-axis component of reference wave, thus will multiplied by cos φ, this when φ=0 °, if along y-axis,
Multiplied by sin φ, φ=90 °, value range is exactly 0-90 degree, indicates meander line long axis inclination angle；It is discrete point on super surface
Position；
Based on holographic thought, needs to obtain reference wave and propagate back to super surface holographic plate with virtual focal point and interfere to be formed
Field distribution, therefore, for virtual focal pointThe field distribution for propagating back to super surface, is defined as follows:
Wherein, k indicates the wave number of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in vacuum,
In order to generate hologram on super surface, so that the back-propagating field of formula (2) will be generated from the reference wave guide mode of formula (1),
It can be realized by the COMPLEX AMPLITUDE on the super surface with meander line metamaterial unit that is defined by the formula:
Wherein,Indicate the complex conjugate in guidance magnetic field.
6. according to claim 5 focus super surface, it is characterised in that: the Hankel function is pushed away by Bessel function
What export came, specific formula is as follows:
7. according to claim 5 focus super surface, it is characterised in that: the meander line metamaterial unit is on dielectric-slab
In matrix arrangement.
8. according to claim 7 focus super surface, it is characterised in that: the meander line metamaterial unit is 60 rows, often
Row 60, the size for focusing super surface is 27mm × 18mm × 10 μm.
9. according to claim 5 focus super surface, it is characterised in that: the dielectric-slab is silicon substrate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811076342.6A CN108963464A (en) | 2018-09-14 | 2018-09-14 | Meander line metamaterial unit and the super surface of focusing designed using the unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811076342.6A CN108963464A (en) | 2018-09-14 | 2018-09-14 | Meander line metamaterial unit and the super surface of focusing designed using the unit |
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| KR20220120425A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2022-08-30 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | Metamaterial-based elastic wave parallel translator |
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Application publication date: 20181207 |