CN108987935A - A kind of vortex wave Meta Materials reflective array for polarizing controllable and its design method - Google Patents
A kind of vortex wave Meta Materials reflective array for polarizing controllable and its design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108987935A CN108987935A CN201810695054.2A CN201810695054A CN108987935A CN 108987935 A CN108987935 A CN 108987935A CN 201810695054 A CN201810695054 A CN 201810695054A CN 108987935 A CN108987935 A CN 108987935A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/0046—Theoretical analysis and design methods of such selective devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vortex wave Meta Materials reflective array for polarizing controllable and its design methods, are made of the anisotropic cellular construction of electromagnetism, and cellular construction includes upper layer structured metal layer, middle layer dielectric layer and lower metal backsheet layer.Upper layer structured metal layer uses orthogonal I-shape construction, adjust the horizontal brachium of I-shape construction, can effective controlled level polarized wave reflected phase, without being had an impact to vertical polarization wave phase, regulate and control the vertical brachium of I-shape construction, the reflected phase that vertically polarized wave can effectively be controlled, will not have an impact horizontal polarized wave.The Meta Materials reflective array can not only effectively generate vortex wave beam, while realize to the polarized regulation of vortex wave beam, can reduce the cost of traditional vortex wave device, promote the development of multifunction vortex wave device.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to orbital angular momentum, wireless communication and Novel manual electromagnetic material fields, and in particular to one kind can
Vortex wave beam is generated, while regulating and controlling the polarized Meta Materials reflective array of vortex wave beam.
Background technique
With the development of the times, new media, new technology emerge one after another, network direct broadcasting, video calling, unmanned, Internet of Things
Net, to the capacity of communication, response speed, time delay etc., more stringent requirements are proposed.Especially this limited resources of frequency spectrum exist
Under the demand of high speed development, it appears it is more nervous, how to improve frequency spectrum utilization rate become again the communication technology face it is important
Challenge.In recent years, orbital angular momentum electromagnetism vortex (Orbital Angular Momentum, OAM) technology emergence and development, allow
It is seen that new dawn.1992, Allen et al. had found phase factor the exp (- il of light beam under paraxial propagation conditions
φ) there is the characteristic of determining orbital angular momentum lh, wherein l is topological charge number, and h is Planck's constant, and φ is azimuth.OAM
Multiplexing technology can be using the orbital angular momentum mode entrained by carrier wave as modulation parameter, and utilizes in orbital angular momentum mode
Orthogonality, will be on multiplex signal modulates to different orbital angular momentum modes.In this way, people are in same carrier frequency
Upper available multiple mutually independent orbital angular momentum channels.Since orbital angular momentum can theoretically possess Infinite-dimensional rank
Number, therefore theoretically same carrier frequency utilizes the vortex multiplexing of orbital angular momentum electromagnetism to can get infinite transmittability.Track
Angular momentum technology is other than the information capacity that effectively can increase channel, and the application in information coding is but also be encoded
Information privacy it is stronger, the process of transmission is safer.In optical band, OAM light beam is in manipulation spin of photon Hall effect, optics
Also there is novel application in the fields such as imaging, quantum entanglement, information storage and biomedicine.
Due to the novel property of uniqueness of OAM, OAM using more and more extensive, the generation and regulation method of OAM wave beam
Cause the great interest of researchers.The production method of orbital angular momentum mainly has spiral phase plate method, calculates holography method, antenna
The methods of Array Method and spiral reflecting surface method.First two method is originated from optics, is mainly used for higher frequency, and latter two method is used
In lower frequency.When the design philosophy of spiral phase plate method is the phase plate surface that wave beam penetrates different height, add for back wave
Add different phase factors, and then form electromagnetism vortex wave, due to the limitation of spiral gradient production precision, hardly results in high quality
OAM light beam；Calculating holography method can interfere to obtain the phase hologram of vortex wave using computer manufacture, when wave beam impinges upon phase
When on the hologram of position, vortex wave beam is generated by the interference of wave, however the production of hologram is very complicated, is unfavorable for that OAM is practical to be answered
With；It is poor that the different antennae unit of aerial array method can generate 360 ° of Gradient Phases for the identical signal of input, by these units
Carry out fan-shaped distribution along axis, if these units are carried out with the arrangement of some ad hoc fashions, can also obtain to form vortex wave beam
To the orbital angular momentum wave beam of different mode, this method leads to system structure excessively by introducing a large amount of phase shifters, T/R component
Complexity can not large-scale promotion using excessively high with maintenance cost.
With the appearance of electromagnet functional material, Meta Materials have become people's research with its special electromagnetic property
The appearance of hot spot, Meta Materials provides new opportunity for the generation and regulation of OAM wave beam.Meta Materials are by by well-designed knot
Structure unit, which carries out periodical or acyclic arrangement, may be implemented the electromagnetic property that many nature materials cannot achieve,
Such as against Cherenkov, inverse doppler phenomenon, negative index, superlight speed, super-resolution etc..Different from traditional material, Meta Materials
Design tends not to restriction by material system, has high flexibility, can selection by basis material and knot
A variety of function solenoids are realized in the design of structure unit simultaneously in same structure.Here, we are realized using Meta Materials reflective array
OAM wave beam generates and the regulation of OAM wave beam polarized state.This work can reduce the cost of traditional OA M device, promote simultaneously
The development of multifunction OAM device, the Meta Materials will have high application prospect in OAM field of microwave communication.
Summary of the invention
In order to reduce the cost of traditional OA M device, promote the development of multifunction OAM device, proposing a kind of polarization can
The vortex wave Meta Materials reflective array and its design method of control have high application prospect in the communications field OAM.
The invention discloses a kind of vortex wave Meta Materials reflective array for polarizing controllable, including electromagnetism anisotropy unit, institutes
State electromagnetism anisotropy unit successively includes structured metal layer, dielectric layer and metal backing layer, the metal structure from top to bottom
Layer is orthogonal I-shape construction.
The invention also discloses a kind of vortex wave Meta Materials reflective array design methods for polarizing controllable, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: according to the working frequency of vortex wave, emulation meets the structure ruler of the electromagnetism anisotropy unit of working frequency range
It is very little；
Step 2: being based on Antenna Far Field directional diagram principle of stacking, opened up according to incidence wave phase distribution feature, vortex wave beam
Lotus number is flutterred, the phase distribution for generating vortex wave is calculated；
Step 3: according to the polarization direction of incoming electromagnetic, passing through regulation horizontal polarization back wave, vertical polarization back wave
Phase difference can control vortex wave beam polarization direction；
Step 4: according to horizontal, vertically polarized wave phase distribution, determine the structure size of electromagnetism anisotropy unit, and
It arranges by phase distribution situation.
Electromagnetism anisotropy unit phase linearity variation in working frequency range in step 1, reflection wave amplitude tend to 1.
The horizontal brachium for adjusting the structured metal layer of anisotropy unit, can control the reflected phase of horizontal polarized wave, adjust
The vertical brachium for controlling structured metal layer, can control the reflected phase of vertically polarized wave.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, the present invention Meta Materials reflective array of the invention can not only be generated effectively
Vortex wave beam, while realizing that the Meta Materials reflective array can reduce traditional vortex wave device to the polarized regulation of vortex wave beam
Cost, promotes the development of multifunction vortex wave device, and designed Meta Materials will be led in future track angular momentum microwave communication
Domain has high application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is anisotropy Meta Materials individual unit upper layer metal structure front view.
Fig. 2 is anisotropy Meta Materials individual unit structural side view.
Fig. 3 is the I-shaped structure brachium l that the present invention designsyThe polarized reflected phase distribution of the y of corresponding unit.
Fig. 4 is the I-shaped structure brachium l that the present invention designsyThe polarized reflected phase distribution of the x of corresponding unit.
Fig. 5 is the upper layer metal pattern structural schematic diagram of present invention design circular polarisation OAM wave Meta Materials reflective array.
Fig. 6 is the upper layer metal pattern structural schematic diagram of present invention design cross polarization OAM wave Meta Materials reflective array.
Fig. 7 is circular polarisation OAM of the present invention, the near field width phase distribution tests result of cross polarization OAM Meta Materials reflective array.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of vortex wave Meta Materials reflective array for polarizing controllable, is made of electromagnetism anisotropy cellular construction.Anisotropy
Cellular construction includes that the metal pattern layer on upper layer, middle layer medium substrate and bottom are metal backing, at the middle and upper levels metal pattern layer
Structure as shown in Figure 1, by 2 it is orthogonal it is I-shaped constitute, which is located above dielectric matrix, underlying metal backboard
Below dielectric matrix, metal pattern layer and metal backing have the structure compositions such as conductive excellent material such as copper, silver, medium
Substrate can be the materials such as FR-4, F4b, PMI, organic glass, polyimides, PET, PDMS.Metal pattern layer, medium substrate,
Three layers of metal backing direct positional relationship are as shown in Figure 2.
The vortex wave Meta Materials reflective array for polarizing controllable utilizes anisotropy cellular construction, respectively to the horizontal polarized wave (pole x
Change wave), the phase distribution of vertically polarized wave (y polarized wave) carries out independent regulation and design.The horizontal I-shaped brachium l of regulationy,
Not like-polarized back wave phase distribution is as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.As seen from Figure 3, horizontal polarization (y polarization) back wave
Phase can be by changing brachium lyRealize regulation, the reflected phase of unit linear change, phase change in wider frequency band
Range should meet 360 ° as far as possible, and phase change is at 270 ° here.Meanwhile figure 4, it is seen that brachium lyChange almost
It will not influence vertical polarization (x polarization) wave.This shows to change brachium ly, individually horizontal polarization wave phase can be regulated and controled, not
It will affect vertically polarized wave (x polarized wave).Due to the symmetry of cellular construction, by changing brachium lxLength can be to the pole x
Change wave phase regulation.Electromagnetism anisotropy based on cellular construction, it is meant that by controlling brachium ly(lx), it can be respectively to the pole y
Change the regulation of (x polarization) wave phase.
It, should be respectively to x polarized wave, y polarized wave Signal Phase Design in order to realize the polarized regulation of orbital angular momentum wave beam.According to
Far-field pattern principle of stacking can calculate corresponding phase compensation information.In plane wave incidence situation, it is assumed that incidence wave
Polarization is along 45 ° of directions, and the direction v as shown in Figure 1 impinges perpendicularly on Meta Materials reflective array surface, and incident electromagnetic wave can divide
Solution is horizontal polarized wave, vertically polarized wave with same intensity and phase.At this point, being answered to generate orbital angular momentum wave beam
It should be to x polarized wave phase compensation OAM phase.OAM phase is in spiral distribution in the section vertical with the direction of propagation, therefore
OAM wave beam is also referred to as vortex wave beam.The direction that the positive and negative decision OAM of orbital angular momentum topological charge number is vortexed, OAM topological charge number
Size determine the speed that circumferentially changes of phase.When horizontal polarized wave, vertically polarized wave OAM topological charge number having the same
When, it is realized by regulation horizontal polarized wave and vertically polarized wave initial compensation phase and polarizes to OAM.When x polarized wave and the pole y
When to change wave initial phase difference be 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 °, corresponding OAM reflection wave polarization be respectively v polarization, right-handed circular polarization,
The linear polarization intersected with incidence wave, left-hand circular polarization.It is approximate here when 45 ° of polarized point sources are incident on Meta Materials reflective array
Incidence as spherical wave, at this time it is also contemplated that the phase compensation of point source.
For this purpose, when considering point source incidence, with the Meta Materials reflective array that operating center frequency designs for 15GHz, according to phase
Compensation method, it is several by two polarization direction phases and I-shaped brachium respectively to horizontal polarized wave, vertically polarized wave Signal Phase Design
What relationship, available corresponding Meta Materials reflective array top view such as Fig. 5, shown in Fig. 6.The pole wherein Fig. 5, M1 Meta Materials reflective array x
Change wave and y polarized wave initial phase difference is 90 °, according to compensatory theory, M1 can generate circular polarisation OAM when V polarizes point source incidence.
At the same time, for M2 reflective array, x polarized wave and y polarized wave initial phase difference are 180 °, M2 meeting when V polarizes point source incidence
Generate crossed linear polarization OAM.
It is constituted according to the geometry designs of front M1, M2 and material, processing prepares corresponding reflective array M1, M2.And it will obtain
Principle exemplar be put into microwave dark room, carry out near-field test, finally obtain that test results are shown in figure 7.It can from figure
Phase singularity is presented among amplitude out, phase is in spiral distribution around center singular point, shows that reflective array can produce expected OAM
Wave beam.As can be seen from Figure 7 it is mainly circular polarisation that M1, which reflects wave polarization, and M2 back wave is cross polarization.Due to anisotropy
Unit has the good linearity in wide frequency range, shows that the controllable OAM wave beam that polarizes can be generated in wide frequency range.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the period for enabling cellular construction is p, and upper layer is two orthogonal I-shaped metal patterns, I-shaped
Line width is w, and I-shaped galianconism length is a, and the brachium that horizontal direction is I-shaped, vertical direction is I-shaped is respectively lx, ly.It is intermediate
Layer medium substrate with a thickness of h, lower layer is metal backing.Lower metal backboard and upper layer metal pattern thickness are t.According to anti-
The operating frequency range for penetrating battle array optimizes the geometric dimension of anisotropy cellular construction.In the present embodiment, mainly for 14-
16GHz range orbital angular momentum wave beam is generated to be studied with polarizing control, therefore each parameter optimized is specifically provided that p=
6mm, h=2mm, w=0.2mm, a=1.8mm, t=0.018mm.The above-mentioned controllable OAM Meta Materials reflective array of polarization, can be in 14-
OAM wave beam is generated in 16GHz wide frequency range, while realizing and wave beam polarized state is regulated and controled and is designed.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of vortex wave Meta Materials reflective array for polarizing controllable, it is characterised in that: including electromagnetism anisotropy unit, the electricity
Magnetic anisotropy unit successively includes structured metal layer, medium layer and metal backing layer, the metal structure from top to bottom
Layer is orthogonal I-shape construction.
2. a kind of vortex wave Meta Materials reflective array design method for polarizing controllable, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step 1: according to the working frequency of vortex wave, emulation meets the structure size of the electromagnetism anisotropy unit of working frequency range；
Step 2: Antenna Far Field directional diagram principle of stacking is based on, according to incidence wave phase distribution feature, the topological charge of vortex wave beam
Number calculates the phase distribution for generating vortex wave；
Step 3: according to the polarization direction of incoming electromagnetic, passing through the phase of regulation horizontal polarization back wave, vertical polarization back wave
Difference can control vortex wave beam polarization direction；
Step 4: according to horizontal, vertically polarized wave phase distribution, determining the structure size of electromagnetism anisotropy unit, and press phase
Bit distribution situation is arranged, and Meta Materials reflective array is obtained.
3. a kind of vortex wave Meta Materials reflective array design method for polarizing controllable according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Electromagnetism anisotropy unit phase linearity variation in working frequency range in the step 1, reflection wave amplitude tend to 1.
4. a kind of vortex wave Meta Materials reflective array design method for polarizing controllable according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The horizontal brachium for adjusting the structured metal layer of anisotropy unit can control the reflected phase of horizontal polarized wave, regulate and control metal knot
The vertical brachium of structure layer, can control the reflected phase of vertically polarized wave.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109742553A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-10 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | A kind of double frequency-band line-circular polarisation converter based on electromagnetic induced transparency effect |
| CN109888504A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-14 | 东南大学 | A kind of transmission-type basic unit and Meta Materials with programmable characteristics of non-reciprocity |
| CN110380224A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-25 | 东南大学 | A kind of two bit of anisotropic emission formula is difunctional to encode super surface and its design method |
| CN110568624A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-12-13 | 复旦大学 | Polarization conversion device based on angular dispersion principle |
| CN111682320A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Vortex electromagnetic super-surface structure |
| CN111697342A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-22 | 成都信息工程大学 | Transmission type artificial electromagnetic super-surface unit for generating orbital angular momentum-carrying beam |
| CN112382857A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | Broadband reflection super-surface antenna for generating vortex wave based on 1bit phase encoding |
| CN112525095A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-19 | 重庆大学 | Method for realizing super-surface biaxial strain sensing by utilizing polarization-phase-deformation relation |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109742553A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-10 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | A kind of double frequency-band line-circular polarisation converter based on electromagnetic induced transparency effect |
| CN109742553B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-07-31 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Double-frequency-band linear-circular polarization converter based on electromagnetic induction transparent effect |
| CN109888504A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-14 | 东南大学 | A kind of transmission-type basic unit and Meta Materials with programmable characteristics of non-reciprocity |
| CN110380224A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-25 | 东南大学 | A kind of two bit of anisotropic emission formula is difunctional to encode super surface and its design method |
| CN110568624A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-12-13 | 复旦大学 | Polarization conversion device based on angular dispersion principle |
| CN110568624B (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2021-06-04 | 复旦大学 | Polarization conversion device based on angular dispersion principle |
| CN111682320A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Vortex electromagnetic super-surface structure |
| CN111697342A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-22 | 成都信息工程大学 | Transmission type artificial electromagnetic super-surface unit for generating orbital angular momentum-carrying beam |
| CN112382857A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | Broadband reflection super-surface antenna for generating vortex wave based on 1bit phase encoding |
| CN112525095A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-19 | 重庆大学 | Method for realizing super-surface biaxial strain sensing by utilizing polarization-phase-deformation relation |
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