CN106563764B - A kind of 3D printing precoated sand material and preparation, forming method - Google Patents
A kind of 3D printing precoated sand material and preparation, forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106563764B CN106563764B CN201610947104.2A CN201610947104A CN106563764B CN 106563764 B CN106563764 B CN 106563764B CN 201610947104 A CN201610947104 A CN 201610947104A CN 106563764 B CN106563764 B CN 106563764B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of 3D printing precoated sand material and its preparations, forming method, by mass fraction, 3D printing precoated sand material includes that 95~99.5 parts of basis materials, 0.5~5 part of covering material and 1~5 part of binder, covering material equably coat basis material.3D printing of the invention is inorganic environmental protection material with precoated sand material, the problems such as can solving casting industry high pollution, and 3D inkjet printing mode printing shaping body can be used, widen 3D printing application field, and formed body intensity is good, and various performance parameters meet metal casting cast technique requirement, so formed body can substitute casting casting mold, casting industry are promoted to develop to " Green foundry " direction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting fields, more particularly, to a kind of 3D printing precoated sand material and its preparation, molding side
Method.
Background technique
Foundry industry belongs to labor-intensive, high energy consumption, high pollution industry, and casting industry needs primary study and uses, promotes
Advanced foundry engieering and other advanced technologies of introducing, seek to realize with advanced technology binding site to change casting industry status
Casting industry develops to low energy consumption, low pollution, high quality direction.
3D printing is a kind of quick molding method of no mold, casts the known 3D printing side of casting mold currently used for production
Method is varied, but material more unification, and disclosed to have the peaceful method of Crow, the method is laser sintered 3D forming method, real
Showed without mold produce, material therefor be the organic resinoid of heat cure class, casting mold by be coated with organic resin granular materials by
Layer constructs, and single loose granular materials is selectively heated by laser beam and realized organic resin solidification and glue
Knot, covering material is organic resin.It is found in practice, such material is there are low efficiency, first intensity is low, final solidification needs abundance
Heat, it is serious to apply heat after-contraction deformation.
A kind of method for fast mfg for spraying and solidifying molding sand is disclosed in CN104999031A, passes through spray in the method
Head by the molding sand solidification of sprayed resin, is bonded to resin of the molding sand injection through dilution processing for being mixed with curing agent is first passed through in advance
Type, the injection of binder is controlled by print head in this method, requires height to adhesive performance, print procedure need to ensure that foot is added
Enough for amount binder to control intensity, so multiple sets of print heads is needed to work at the same time, printing effect is low, and equipment making is at high cost, beats
Print head easily blocks, and use cost is high, and binder is that organic material environmental pollution is big, and hardening is slow.
In method well known to other or just intensity is low, or without economic benefit or binder is mainly organic material
Expect that environmental pollution is big.
Summary of the invention
For the problems in the relevant technologies, the present invention proposes a kind of 3D printing precoated sand material and its preparation, molding side
Method solves the problems, such as that the environmental pollution in existing method is big, molded part performance is poor.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of 3D printing precoated sand material, by mass fraction, including 95~
99.5 parts of basis materials, 0.5~5 part of covering material and 1~5 part of binder.
In above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material, basis material include quartz sand, forsterite sand, mullite haydite,
One of chromite sand, nice foundry sand, ceramsite sand, zircon sand, refractory clay, bead or multiple combinations.
In above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material, covering material include silicate, fluorine chlorate, anhydrous aluminium sulfate,
One of gypsum or multiple combinations.
In above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material, the partial size of basis material is in the range of 40~300 mesh.
In above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material, the partial size of covering material is in the range of 500~2000 mesh.
In above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material, the binder include ethyl acetate, 4- oxocyclohex Ethyl formate,
One of ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, isobutanol, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or
Multiple combinations.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of liquid formulations type of above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material is additionally provided
Material, by mass fraction, including, 80-99 parts of above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand materials, 0.5-5 parts of distilled water, 0.05-0.5 parts it is molten
Agent, 0.001-0.08 parts of surfactants, 1-8 parts, 0.001-0.05 parts dispersing agents of nanometer grade powder material, 0.001-0.05 parts
PH regulator, 0.001-0.08 viscosity modifier, 0.002-0.08 parts of cosolvents, 0.002-0.08 parts of moisturizer.
According to another aspect of the invention, a kind of method for preparing above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material is additionally provided, is wrapped
It includes: the covering material is uniformly mixed；Described matrix material is added in the uniformly mixed covering material, makes the base
Body material and the covering material are sufficiently mixed uniformly；It is added in the uniformly mixed covering material and described matrix material
Binder forms coating film so that the covering material is adhered on described matrix material, and granular materials is made；It will be described
Grain material carries out ball milling；The granular materials after ball milling is dried, is sieved, obtained 3D printing precoated sand material.
Another aspect according to the present invention additionally provides a kind of forming method of above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material,
Include: step a: spreading one layer of 3D printing precoated sand material in the sanding gear of 3D ink-jet printer；Step b: make described
The 3D printing of the print head of 3D ink-jet printer into the step a is selectively sprayed the 3D with precoated sand material and is beaten
The print liquid formulations profile material of precoated sand material；Step c: step a and step b is repeated at least once；Step d: terminating printing,
After sand core/type hardening, extracts dry sand out, form sand core.
In above-mentioned forming method, the sulfur content in the liquid formulations profile material of 3D printing precoated sand material is less than
0.5wt%.
3D printing of the invention is inorganic environmental protection material with precoated sand material, can solve casting industry high pollution etc. and ask
Topic, and 3D inkjet printing mode printing shaping body can be used, 3D printing application field is widened, and formed body intensity is good, and each
Performance parameter meets metal casting cast technique requirement, so formed body can substitute casting casting mold, promote casting industry to
" Green foundry " direction is developed.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also obtain according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the covering material and basis material in 3D printing precoated sand material according to the preferred embodiment of the invention
Structural schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art's every other embodiment obtained belong to what the present invention protected
Range.
The present invention provides a kind of 3D printing precoated sand materials, by mass fraction, including 95~99.5 parts of basis materials
With 0.5~5 part of covering material, it is as shown in Figure 1 that covering material 01 equably coats basis material 02.
Wherein, basis material include quartz sand, forsterite sand, mullite haydite, chromite sand, nice foundry sand, ceramsite sand,
Range of the partial size of one of zircon sand, refractory clay, bead or multiple combinations and basis material in 40~300 mesh
It is interior, it is preferable that the optional 200-300 mesh of basis material material particle size range, 100-200 mesh, 70-140 mesh, 50-100 mesh, 40-70
Mesh.Covering material includes one or more combinations of silicate, fluorine chlorate, anhydrous aluminium sulfate, gypsum, it is preferable that silicic acid
Salt is the tricalcium silicate (Ca formed for raw material through special processing by lime stone, clay, alumina, fluorite3SiO5), fluorine chlorate
It is fluorine calcium chlorate (11CaO7Al2O3·CaF2), anhydrous aluminium sulfate is calcium sulphoaluminate (3CaO3Al2O3·CaSO4) etc. tool
The partial size of one of active powder body material or multiple combinations and covering material is in the range of 500~2000 mesh.It is excellent
Selection of land, the 3D printing precoated sand material further include 0.1~5 part of binder, this binder is mainly to ensure that covering material covers
On basis material, do not change covering material performance, and binder selects binder commonly used in the art, may include ester
One of class, alcohols, high molecular polymer, starch or multiple combinations, for example, binder includes ethyl acetate, 4- oxo ring
Own Ethyl formate, ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, isobutanol, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)
One of or multiple combinations.
On the one hand 3D printing precoated sand material provided by the invention, the adherency between basis material and covering material rely on
On the other hand binder realizes that mechanochemical reaction is adhered to by partial size gap between particle, the biggish basis material of partial size
Mutual absorption and bonding, the smaller covering material of partial size between the lesser covering material of partial size are attached to the larger matrix material of partial size
Expect surface layer, form coating, is formed after partial size larger basis material surface layer is completely covered in the lesser covering material of partial size uniform
Coating layer.
The preparation method of above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material, includes the following steps:
Step 1: covering material is uniformly mixed.In this step, it can be carried out by high-speed stirred hybrid mode abundant
Mixing.
Step 2: basis material being added in uniformly mixed covering material, be sufficiently mixed basis material with covering material
Uniformly.
Step 3: binder is added in uniformly mixed covering material and basis material, so that covering material is adhered to base
On body material, coating film is formed, granular materials is made.In this step, the ester-based organic compound in binder is sufficiently stirred
It is even, so that covering material is adhered on basis material under the action of solution, form coating film.
Step 4: granular materials is subjected to ball milling.The block that particle is formed under solution effects after ball mill crushing.
Step 5: the granular materials after ball milling being dried, is sieved, D printing is made and uses precoated sand material.Dried
Cheng Zhong is dried using spray drying class mode, has solvent to be cooled back after so that volatile matter is volatilized and is will volatilize
Receive secondary use.
The forming method of above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material, comprising: step a: in the sanding gear of 3D ink-jet printer
Spread one layer of 3D printing precoated sand material；Step b: make 3D printing overlay film of the print head of 3D ink-jet printer into step a
Sand material material selectively sprays the liquid formulations profile material of 3D printing precoated sand material；Step c: step a and step b are repeated extremely
It is few primary；Step d: terminate printing and extract dry sand out after sand core/type hardening, form sand core.In stepb, when inorganic precoated sand
After material and liquid formulations type material, it is attached to the covering material on basis material and the distillation in liquid formulations profile material
Gel and crystallization reaction occur for water, and crystal, colloid are mutually staggered into netted, and crystal plays main load bearing frame, colloid
Cementation, the two syntrophism, combines closely, and is finally filled primarily with as the reduction of free water is formed with basis material
The formed body of firm compact, i.e. sand core.
Wherein, the liquid formulations profile material of 3D printing precoated sand material is by above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material 80-99
Part, is divided 0.5-5 parts of distilled water, 0.05-0.5 parts of solvent, 0.001-0.08 parts of surfactant, 1-8 parts of nanometer grade powder material
0.001-0.05 parts of powder, 0.001-0.05 parts of PH regulator, viscosity modifier 0.001-0.08, cosolvent 0.002-0.08
Part, 0.002-0.08 part of moisturizer etc. form.Preferably, the liquid formulations profile material of 3D printing precoated sand material is by above-mentioned 3D
Printing precoated sand material, polysaccharide, calcium sulfate, isopropyl acetone, Sodium Polyacrylate, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, triethanolamine, nanoscale
Silica, nanoscale aluminum oxide configure in proportion.And the liquid formulations profile material of 3D printing precoated sand material
In sulfur content be less than 0.5wt%.
3D printing of the invention is inorganic environmental protection material with precoated sand material, can solve casting industry high pollution etc. and ask
Topic, and 3D inkjet printing mode printing shaping body can be used, 3D printing application field is widened, and formed body intensity is good, and each
Performance parameter meets metal casting cast technique requirement, so formed body can substitute casting casting mold, promote casting industry to
" Green foundry " direction is developed.
Embodiment 1
0.5 part of the covering material being made of fluorine calcium chlorate and tricalcium silicate is passed through into high-speed stirred hybrid mode, mixing
Uniformly.99.5 parts of the basis material being made of quartz sand and forsterite sand is added in uniformly mixed covering material, is made
Basis material and covering material are sufficiently mixed uniformly.It includes poly- that 1 part is added in uniformly mixed covering material and basis material
Binder made from vinyl alcohol forms coating film so that covering material is adhered on basis material, and granular materials is made.General
Grain material carries out ball milling.Granular materials after ball milling is dried using spray drying class mode, sieves, 3D printing is made and uses
Precoated sand material.
By 99 parts of above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand materials and 5 parts of distilled water, 0.5 part of solvent, 0.08 part of surfactant,
8 parts, 0.05 part dispersing agent of nanometer grade powder material, 0.05 part of PH regulator, 0.08 viscosity modifier, 0.08 part of cosolvent,
0.08 part of moisturizer is made, the liquid formulations profile material of 3D printing precoated sand material.
Embodiment 2
By 5 parts of the covering material being made of fluorine calcium chlorate and calcium sulphoaluminate by high-speed stirred hybrid mode, mixing is equal
It is even.95 parts of the basis material being made of chromite sand is added in uniformly mixed covering material, basis material and overlay film are made
Material is sufficiently mixed uniformly.5 parts are added in uniformly mixed covering material and basis material as made from isopropyl acetone and ethyl alcohol
Binder forms coating film so that covering material is adhered on basis material, and granular materials is made.Granular materials is subjected to ball
Mill.Granular materials after ball milling is dried using spray drying class mode, is sieved, obtained 3D printing precoated sand material.
By 80 parts of above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand materials and 0.5 part of distilled water, 0.05 part of solvent, 0.001 part of surface work
Property agent, 1 part, 0.001 part dispersing agent of nanometer grade powder material, 0.001 part of PH regulator, 0.001 viscosity modifier, 0.002 part
Cosolvent, 0.002 part of moisturizer are made, the liquid formulations profile material of 3D printing precoated sand material.
Embodiment 3
By 3 parts of the covering material including fluorine calcium chlorate by high-speed stirred hybrid mode, it is uniformly mixed.By 99 parts by
The basis material of chromite sand composition is added in uniformly mixed covering material, is sufficiently mixed basis material and covering material
It is even.3 parts of binders as made from isopropyl acetone are added in uniformly mixed covering material and basis material, so that covering material is viscous
It invests on basis material, forms coating film, granular materials is made.Granular materials is subjected to ball milling.By the granular materials after ball milling
It is dried, is sieved using spray drying class mode, 3D printing precoated sand material is made, for use.
By 90 parts of above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand materials and 4 parts of distilled water, 0.4 part of solvent, 0.001 part of surface-active
Agent, 5 parts, 0.03 part dispersing agent of nanometer grade powder material, 0.04 part of PH regulator, 0.001 viscosity modifier, 0.05 part of hydrotropy
Agent, 0.01 part of moisturizer are made, the liquid formulations profile material of 3D printing precoated sand material.
Form 3D printing made from above-described embodiment 1~3 with precoated sand material, comprising: step a: in 3D inkjet printing
The sanding gear of machine spreads one layer of 3D printing precoated sand material；Step b: make the print head of the 3D ink-jet printer to institute
State the liquid formulations that the 3D printing precoated sand material is selectively sprayed in the 3D printing in step a with precoated sand material
Profile material；Step c: step a and step b is repeated at least once；Step d: terminating printing and extract dry sand out after sand core/type hardening,
Form sand core.
The above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of 3D printing precoated sand material, which is characterized in that press mass fraction, including 95~99.5 parts of basis materials and
0.5~5 part of covering material and 1~5 part of binder, wherein the partial size of described matrix material in the range of 40~300 mesh,
The partial size of the covering material is in the range of 500~2000 mesh, wherein the covering material includes tricalcium silicate, fluorine chloric acid
One of calcium, calcium sulphoaluminate or multiple combinations.
2. 3D printing precoated sand material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described matrix material includes quartz
Sand, forsterite sand, mullite haydite, chromite sand, nice foundry sand, ceramsite sand, zircon sand, refractory clay, one in bead
Kind or multiple combinations.
3. 3D printing precoated sand material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the binder includes acetic acid second
Ester, 4- oxocyclohex Ethyl formate, ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, isobutanol, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene pyrrole
One of pyrrolidone (PVP) or multiple combinations.
4. a kind of method for preparing the described in any item 3D printing precoated sand materials of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that packet
It includes:
The covering material is uniformly mixed；
Described matrix material is added in the uniformly mixed covering material, fills described matrix material with the covering material
Divide and is uniformly mixed；
Binder is added in the uniformly mixed covering material and described matrix material, so that the covering material is adhered to
On described matrix material, coating film is formed, granular materials is made；
The granular materials is subjected to ball milling；
The granular materials after ball milling is dried, is sieved, obtained 3D printing precoated sand material.
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| US11173539B2 (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2021-11-16 | Taiheiyo Cement Corporation | Hydraulic composition for additive manufacturing device and method of manufacturing casting mold |
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| CN108296477A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-07-20 | 柳州市柳晶科技股份有限公司 | A kind of 3D printing precoated sand and preparation method thereof |
| CN108296419B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2020-01-10 | 柳州市柳晶科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing 3D printing precoated sand by utilizing recycled glass and prepared precoated sand |
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| FR3083472B1 (en) * | 2018-07-07 | 2021-12-24 | Nantes Ecole Centrale | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING BY AGGLOMERATION OF A GRANULAR MATERIAL |
| EP3821997B1 (en) | 2018-07-09 | 2024-02-21 | Kao Corporation | Inorganic coated sand and a method of manufacturing thereof, a casting mold and a method of manufacturing thereof |
| CN108971425A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-11 | 四川共享铸造有限公司 | A kind of casting method solving the loose class defect of thick-wall nodular iron |
| CN109746382B (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2021-04-02 | 苏州轻金三维科技有限公司 | Precoated sand for three-dimensional printing and preparation method thereof |
| CN110125321A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-16 | 广西慧思通科技有限公司 | A kind of 3D printing precoated sand and preparation method thereof |
| CN113416403A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-21 | 山西中科正泰机械制造有限公司 | Moisturizing material for piezoelectric type spray head of 3D sand mold printer and using method of moisturizing material |
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