CN106563764A - Precoated sand material for 3D printing and preparing method and forming method of precoated sand material - Google Patents
Precoated sand material for 3D printing and preparing method and forming method of precoated sand material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106563764A CN106563764A CN201610947104.2A CN201610947104A CN106563764A CN 106563764 A CN106563764 A CN 106563764A CN 201610947104 A CN201610947104 A CN 201610947104A CN 106563764 A CN106563764 A CN 106563764A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
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Abstract
The invention provides a precoated sand material for 3D printing and a preparing method and a forming method of the precoated sand material. The precoated sand material for 3D printing comprises, by mass, 95-99.5 parts of a base material, 0.5-5 parts of a laminating material and 1-5 parts of a bonding agent. The base material is evenly wrapped by the laminating material. The precoated sand material for 3D printing is an inorganic environment-friendly material, the problems of high pollution and the like in the casting industry can be solved, a formed body can be printed through a 3D ink-jet printing manner, and the 3D printing application field is widened. The strength of the formed body is high, the various performance parameters meet the metal casting mould technology requirement, and therefore the formed body can replace a casting mould, and the casting industry can be developed towards the environment-friendly casting direction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting field, more particularly, to a kind of 3D printing precoated sand material and its preparation, molding side
Method.
Background technology
Foundry industry belongs to labor-intensive, high energy consumption, high pollution industry, and casting industry needs primary study and adopts, promotes
Advanced foundry engieering and other advanced technologies of introducing, seek with advanced technology binding site so as to change casting industry present situation, realize
Casting industry to low energy consumption, low stain, high-quality direction are developed.
3D printing is a kind of quick molding method without mould, currently used for the known 3D printing side of production casting casting mold
Method is varied, but material more unification, and disclosed to have the peaceful method of clo, the method is laser sintered 3D forming methods, real
Showed without mould production, material therefor is the organic resinoid of heat cure class, casting mold by be coated with the granular materialss of organic resin by
The construction of layer is formed, and single loose granular materialss are selectively heated by laser beam and realized organic resin to solidify and glue
Knot, covering material is organic resin.Find in practice, such material has low efficiency, first low intensity, final solidification needs abundance
Heat, apply heat after-contraction deformation serious.
A kind of method for fast mfg of injection solidification molding sand is disclosed in CN104999031A, in the method by spray
Head to the resin for first passing through the molding sand injection Jing dilution process for being mixed with firming agent in advance, the molding sand of injected resin solidify, are bonded to
Type, the in this method injection of binding agent is had high demands by printhead control to adhesive performance, and print procedure need to guarantee to add foot
Binding agent is enough measured so as to control intensity, so need multiple sets of print heads to work simultaneously, printing effect is low, and equipment making high cost is beaten
Print head is easily blocked, and use cost is high, and binding agent is that organic material environmental pollution is big, and hardening is slow.
In other known methods or first low intensity, or without economic benefit, or binding agent is mainly organic material
Material environmental pollution is big.
The content of the invention
For the problem in correlation technique, the present invention proposes a kind of 3D printing precoated sand material and its preparation, molding side
Method, solves the problems, such as that the environmental pollution in existing method is big, profiled member poor performance.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of 3D printing precoated sand material, by mass fraction, including 95～
99.5 parts of matrix materials, 0.5～5 part of covering material and 1～5 part of binding agent.
In above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material, matrix material include quartz sand, forsterite sand, mullite haydite,
One or more combination in chromite sand, nice foundry sand, ceramsite sand, zircon sand, refractory clay, bead.
In above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material, covering material include silicate, fluorine chlorate, anhydrous aluminium sulfate,
One or more combination in Gypsum Fibrosum.
In above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material, the particle diameter of matrix material is in the range of 40～300 purposes.
In above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material, the particle diameter of covering material is in the range of 500～2000 purposes.
In above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material, the binding agent include ethyl acetate, 4- oxocyclohex Ethyl formates,
One kind in ethanol, ethylene glycol, isobutanol, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polrvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or
Multiple combination.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of liquid formulations type of above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material is additionally provided
Material, by mass fraction, including, 3D printing precoated sand material, 0.5-5 part distilled water described in 80-99 part claim 1,
0.05-0.5 part solvents, 0.001-0.08 part surfactants, nanometer grade powder material 1-8 parts, 0.001-0.05 part dispersants,
0.001-0.05 part PH regulators, 0.001-0.08 viscosity modifiers, 0.002-0.08 part cosolvents, 0.002-0.08 part moisturizings
Agent.
According to another aspect of the invention, additionally provide a kind of 3D printing prepared described in any one of claim 1～6 to use
The method of precoated sand material, including：By the covering material mix homogeneously；Described matrix material is added described in mix homogeneously
In covering material, described matrix material is set to be sufficiently mixed uniformly with the covering material；In the covering material of mix homogeneously
Binding agent is added with described matrix material so that the covering material is adhered on described matrix material, form coating film, system
Obtain granular materialss；The granular materialss are carried out into ball milling；The granular materialss after by ball milling are dried, screening, and 3D is obtained
Printing precoated sand material.
Another aspect of the invention, additionally provides a kind of forming method of above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material,
Including：Step a:One layer of 3D printing precoated sand material is spread in the sanding gear of 3D ink-jet printers；Step b:Make described
The printhead of 3D ink-jet printers optionally sprays the 3D and beats to the 3D printing precoated sand material in step a
The liquid formulations section bar material of print precoated sand material；Step c:Repeat step a and step b are at least one times；Step d:Terminate to print,
After core/type hardening, dry sand is extracted out, form core.
In above-mentioned forming method, the sulfur content in the liquid formulations section bar material of the 3D printing precoated sand material is less than
0.5wt%.
The 3D printing precoated sand material of the present invention is inorganic environmental protection material, it is possible to resolve casting industry high pollution etc. is asked
Topic, and 3D inkjet printing mode printing shaping bodies can be used, 3D printing application is widened, and molded body intensity is good, and respectively
Performance parameter meets metal casting cast technique requirement, so molded body can substitute casting casting mold, promote casting industry to
" Green foundry " direction is developed.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to institute in embodiment
The accompanying drawing that needs are used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some enforcements of the present invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be being obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is covering material and matrix material in 3D printing precoated sand material according to the preferred embodiment of the invention
Structural representation.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained belongs to present invention protection
Scope.
The invention provides a kind of 3D printing precoated sand material, by mass fraction, including 95～99.5 parts of matrix materials
With 0.5～5 part of covering material, it is as shown in Figure 1 that covering material (01) equably coats matrix material (02).
Wherein, matrix material include quartz sand, forsterite sand, mullite haydite, chromite sand, nice foundry sand, ceramsite sand,
One or more combination in zircon sand, refractory clay, bead, and the particle diameter of matrix material is in the scope of 40～300 mesh
It is interior, it is preferable that the optional 200-300 mesh of matrix material material particle size scope, 100-200 mesh, 70-140 mesh, 50-100 mesh, 40-70
Mesh.Covering material includes one or more combination of silicate, fluorine chlorate, anhydrous aluminium sulfate, Gypsum Fibrosum, it is preferable that silicic acid
Salt is the tricalcium silicate (Ca formed for the special processing of raw material Jing by limestone, clay, Alumina, fluorite3SiO5), fluorine chlorate
It is fluorine calcium chlorate (11CaO7Al2O3·CaF2), anhydrous aluminium sulfate is calcium sulphoaluminate (3CaO3Al2O3·CaSO4) etc. tool
One or more combination in activated powder body material, and the particle diameter of covering material is in the range of 500～2000 purposes.It is excellent
Selection of land, 3D printing precoated sand material also includes 0.1～5 part of binding agent, and this binding agent is mainly to ensure that covering material covers
On matrix material, do not change covering material performance, and binding agent selects binding agent commonly used in the art, can include ester
One or more combination in class, alcohols, high molecular polymer, starch, for example, binding agent includes ethyl acetate, 4- oxo rings
Own Ethyl formate, ethanol, ethylene glycol, isobutanol, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polrvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)
In one or more combination.
On the one hand the 3D printing precoated sand material that the present invention is provided, the adhesion between matrix material and covering material relies on
Binding agent, on the other hand realizes that mechanochemical reaction is adhered to by particle diameter gap between granule, the larger matrix material of particle diameter
With the mutual absorption between the less covering material of particle diameter and bonding, the less covering material of particle diameter is attached to the larger matrix material of particle diameter
Material top layer, forms coating, forms uniform after the less covering material of particle diameter is completely covered particle diameter larger matrix material top layer
Coating layer.
The preparation method of above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material, comprises the steps：
Step 1：By covering material mix homogeneously.In this step, can be carried out fully by high-speed stirred hybrid mode
Mixing.
Step 2：Matrix material is added in the covering material of mix homogeneously, matrix material is sufficiently mixed with covering material
Uniformly.
Step 3：Binding agent is added in the covering material and matrix material of mix homogeneously so that covering material adheres to base
On body material, coating film is formed, granular materialss are obtained.In this step, the esters Organic substance in binding agent is sufficiently stirred for
It is even so that covering material is adhered on matrix material in the presence of solution, form coating film.
Step 4：Granular materialss are carried out into ball milling.The block that granule is formed after ball mill crushing under solution effects.
Step 5：Granular materialss after ball milling are dried, are sieved, D printing precoated sand materials are obtained.Dried
Cheng Zhong, using be spray-dried class mode be dried, make volatile matter volatilize and by volatilization after the solvent that has cooled back
Receive secondary utilization.
The forming method of above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material, including：Step a:In the sanding gear of 3D ink-jet printers
One layer of 3D printing precoated sand material of paving；Step b:The printhead of 3D ink-jet printers is made to the 3D printing overlay film in step a
Sand material material optionally sprays the liquid formulations section bar material of 3D printing precoated sand material；Step c:Repeat step a and step b are extremely
Less once；Step d:Terminate to print, after core/type hardening, extract dry sand out, form core.In stepb, when inorganic precoated sand
After material and liquid formulations type material, the covering material on matrix material and the distillation in liquid formulations section bar material are attached to
There is gel and crystallization reaction in water, crystal, colloid are mutually staggered into netted, and crystal plays main load bearing frame effect, colloid
Cementation, the two syntrophism, combines closely, and is finally filled primarily with matrix material as the reduction of free water is formed
The molded body of firm compact, i.e. core.
Wherein, the liquid formulations section bar material of 3D printing precoated sand material is by above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand material 80-99
Part, distilled water 0.5-5 parts, solvent 0.05-0.5 parts, surfactant 0.001-0.08 parts, nanometer grade powder material 1-8 parts, point
Powder 0.001-0.05 parts, PH regulator 0.001-0.05 parts, viscosity modifier 0.001-0.08, cosolvent 0.002-0.08
Part, wetting agent 0.002-0.08 parts etc. constitute.Preferably, the liquid formulations section bar material of 3D printing precoated sand material is by above-mentioned 3D
Print and use precoated sand material, polysaccharide, calcium sulfate, isopropyl acetone, sodium polyacrylate, ethylene glycol, Propylene Glycol, triethanolamine, nanoscale
Silicon dioxide, nanoscale aluminium sesquioxide configure form in proportion.And the liquid formulations section bar material of 3D printing precoated sand material
In sulfur content be less than 0.5wt%.
The 3D printing precoated sand material of the present invention is inorganic environmental protection material, it is possible to resolve casting industry high pollution etc. is asked
Topic, and 3D inkjet printing mode printing shaping bodies can be used, 3D printing application is widened, and molded body intensity is good, and respectively
Performance parameter meets metal casting cast technique requirement, so molded body can substitute casting casting mold, promote casting industry to
" Green foundry " direction is developed.
Embodiment 1
0.5 part of the covering material being made up of fluorine calcium chlorate and tricalcium silicate is passed through into high-speed stirred hybrid mode, mixing
Uniformly.99.5 parts of the matrix material being made up of quartz sand and forsterite sand is added in the covering material of mix homogeneously, is made
Matrix material is sufficiently mixed uniformly with covering material.Include gathering for 1 part with addition in matrix material in the covering material of mix homogeneously
Binding agent obtained in vinyl alcohol so that covering material is adhered on matrix material, forms coating film, and granular materialss are obtained.General
Grain material carries out ball milling.Granular materialss after ball milling are dried using class mode is spray-dried, are sieved, 3D printing is obtained and uses
Precoated sand material.
By 99 parts of above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand materials and 5 parts of distilled water, 0.5 part of solvent, 0.08 part of surfactant,
8 parts, 0.05 part dispersant of nanometer grade powder material, 0.05 part of PH regulator, 0.08 viscosity modifier, 0.08 part of cosolvent,
0.08 part of wetting agent is obtained, the liquid formulations section bar material of 3D printing precoated sand material.
Embodiment 2
5 parts of the covering material being made up of fluorine calcium chlorate and calcium sulphoaluminate is passed through into high-speed stirred hybrid mode, mixing is equal
It is even.95 parts of the matrix material being made up of chromite sand is added in the covering material of mix homogeneously, matrix material and overlay film is made
Material is sufficiently mixed uniformly.5 parts of addition is by obtained in isopropyl acetone and ethanol in the covering material and matrix material of mix homogeneously
Binding agent so that covering material is adhered on matrix material, forms coating film, and granular materialss are obtained.Granular materialss are carried out into ball
Mill.Granular materialss after ball milling are dried using class mode is spray-dried, are sieved, prepared 3D printing precoated sand material.
80 parts of above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand materials and 0.5 part of distilled water, 0.05 part of solvent, 0.001 part of surface are lived
Property agent, 1 part, 0.001 part dispersant of nanometer grade powder material, 0.001 part of PH regulator, 0.001 viscosity modifier, 0.002 part
Cosolvent, 0.002 part of wetting agent are obtained, the liquid formulations section bar material of 3D printing precoated sand material.
Embodiment 3
By 3 parts of the covering material including fluorine calcium chlorate by high-speed stirred hybrid mode, mix homogeneously.By 99 parts by
The matrix material of chromite sand composition is added in the covering material of mix homogeneously, matrix material is sufficiently mixed with covering material
It is even.In the covering material and 3 parts of binding agents by obtained in isopropyl acetone of addition in matrix material of mix homogeneously so that covering material glues
Invest on matrix material, form coating film, granular materialss are obtained.Granular materialss are carried out into ball milling.By the granular materialss after ball milling
It is dried using class mode is spray-dried, is sieved, 3D printing precoated sand material is obtained, it is stand-by.
By 90 parts of above-mentioned 3D printing precoated sand materials and 4 parts of distilled water, 0.4 part of solvent, 0.001 part of surface activity
Agent, 5 parts, 0.03 part dispersant of nanometer grade powder material, 0.04 part of PH regulators, 0.001 viscosity modifier, 0.05 part of hydrotropy
Agent, 0.01 part of wetting agent are obtained, the liquid formulations section bar material of 3D printing precoated sand material.
3D printing precoated sand material molding obtained in above-described embodiment 1～3 is made, including：Step a:In 3D inkjet printings
The sanding gear of machine spreads one layer of 3D printing precoated sand material；Step b:The printhead of the 3D ink-jet printers is made to institute
State the liquid formulations that the 3D printing precoated sand material in step a optionally sprays the 3D printing precoated sand material
Section bar material；Step c:Repeat step a and step b are at least one times；Step d:Terminate to print, after core/type hardening, extract dry sand out,
Form core.
These are only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of 3D printing precoated sand material, it is characterised in that by mass fraction, including 95～99.5 parts of matrix materials and
0.5～5 part of covering material and 1～5 part of binding agent.
2. 3D printing precoated sand material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described matrix material includes quartz
In sand, forsterite sand, mullite haydite, chromite sand, nice foundry sand, ceramsite sand, zircon sand, refractory clay, bead one
Plant or multiple combination.
3. 3D printing precoated sand material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the covering material includes silicic acid
One or more combination in salt, fluorine chlorate, anhydrous aluminium sulfate, Gypsum Fibrosum.
4. 3D printing precoated sand material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the particle diameter of described matrix material is 40
In the range of～300 purposes.
5. 3D printing precoated sand material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the particle diameter of the covering material exists
In the range of 500～2000 purposes.
6. 3D printing precoated sand material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the binding agent includes acetic acid second
Ester, 4- oxocyclohex Ethyl formates, ethanol, ethylene glycol, isobutanol, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polrvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene pyrrole
One or more combination in pyrrolidone (PVP).
7. a kind of liquid formulations section bar material of 3D printing precoated sand material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that press
Mass fraction, including 3D printing precoated sand material, 0.5-5 part distilled water described in 80-99 part claim 1,0.05-0.5
Part solvent, 0.001-0.08 part surfactants, nanometer grade powder material 1-8 parts, 0.001-0.05 part dispersants, 0.001-
0.05 part of PH regulator,
0.001-0.08 viscosity modifiers, 0.002-0.08 part cosolvents, 0.002-0.08 part wetting agents.
8. a kind of method of the 3D printing precoated sand material prepared described in any one of claim 1～6, it is characterised in that bag
Include：
By the covering material mix homogeneously；
Described matrix material is added in the covering material of mix homogeneously, described matrix material is filled with the covering material
Divide mix homogeneously；
Binding agent is added in the covering material and described matrix material of mix homogeneously so that the covering material is adhered to
On described matrix material, coating film is formed, granular materialss are obtained；
The granular materialss are carried out into ball milling；
The granular materialss after by ball milling are dried, screening, prepared 3D printing precoated sand material.
9. the forming method of the 3D printing precoated sand material described in a kind of claim 1, it is characterised in that include：
Step a:One layer of 3D printing precoated sand material is spread in the sanding gear of 3D ink-jet printers；
Step b:The printhead for making the 3D ink-jet printers is selected to the 3D printing in step a with precoated sand material
Property the ground injection 3D printing precoated sand material liquid formulations section bar material；
Step c:Repeat step a and step b are at least one times；
Step d:Terminate to print, after core/type hardening, extract dry sand out, form core.
10. a kind of forming method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the liquid of the 3D printing precoated sand material
Sulfur content in body Formula type material is less than 0.5wt%.
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