CN105195667A - Preparation method of 3D printing rapid-prototyping precoated sand - Google Patents
Preparation method of 3D printing rapid-prototyping precoated sand Download PDFInfo
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- CN105195667A CN105195667A CN201510602060.5A CN201510602060A CN105195667A CN 105195667 A CN105195667 A CN 105195667A CN 201510602060 A CN201510602060 A CN 201510602060A CN 105195667 A CN105195667 A CN 105195667A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of 3D printing rapid-prototyping precoated sand. The method is characterized by comprising the steps that 1, fused ceramite is washed with water, soaked in a water solution with hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide mass percentage concentration being 1-2%, filtered, washed with water to be neutral and dried to obtain pretreated fused ceramite; 2, by mass, 89-94% of pretreated fused ceramite, 2-5% of thermoplastic polyimide, 2-5% of phenolic resin, 0.4-1.0% of bisphenol A type dianhydride, 0.4-1.0% of glyceryl monostearate and acetone are added into a stirring machine, a grinding machine is started to rotate by 120 turns per minute, the mixture is ground for 30 min and then dried, and therefore the 3D printing rapid-prototyping precoated sand is obtained. The precoated sand can be directly molded under laser sintering, and has the advantages that the preparation process is simple, the conditions are easy to control, the production cost is low, and industrial production is easy to achieve.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of precoated sand, belong to the Material Field of rapid shaping, particularly
oneplant 3D and print rapid shaping precoated sand preparation method and application.
Background technology
Nice foundry sand has another name called electric smelting haydite, is the senior substitute of quartz sand.The advantage of quartz sand is widely distributed, with low cost; But its shortcoming is also quite obvious: one is that the coefficient of expansion is large, and casting accuracy is low; Two is that scab is serious, sand removal difficulty.Study carefully its because of, be quartz have at different temperature multiple allomorphism generate, Volume Changes is large; By the restriction of refractoriness (refractoriness of quartz sand is between 1400-1700 DEG C), foundry goods local (position that hole, groove and thermal center are concentrated) scab is serious, clears up very difficult.Above-mentioned shortcoming is particularly serious in the production of large-scale steel-casting.Nice foundry sand can overcome these shortcomings, thus substantially increases the quality of foundry goods.Nice foundry sand is with fine aluminum vanadine for raw material, makes through techniques such as calcining, electric smelting, granulation, sub-sieves.
Precoated sand (coatedsand).Namely sand grain surface is covered with molding sand or the core sand of one deck hard resin film before moulding.Have cold process and Re Fa two kinds of coating techniques: cold process ethanol by resin dissolves, and adds methenamine in mulling process, make the two be coated on sand grain surface, ethanol volatilizees, and obtains precoated sand; Hot method is preheating to uniform temperature sand, adds resin and makes its melting, stirs and makes resin-coating at sand grain surface, add the methenamine aqueous solution and lubricant, cooling, broken, sieve to obtain precoated sand.For steel-casting, ironcasting.
Precoated sand is invented during World War II by German clo doctor Ning, and its technical process is by the thermosetting phenolic resin of powdery and nice foundry sand mechanical mixture, solidifies during heating.After develop into and add latent curing agent (methenamine) with novolac resin and lubricant is mixed with precoated sand by certain coating technique, the resin melting of sand grain surface is coated on when precoated sand is heated, under the effect of the methylene decomposited at methenamine, the resin of melting is transformed into rapidly the three-dimensional-structure of not melting by linear structure, thus makes precoated sand curing molding.
The precoated sand technology of China starts from mid-term the 1950's, and the sixties once once stopped using.Enter the eighties, due to the needs with engineering goods outlet that develop rapidly of auto industry, the quality of foundry goods is had higher requirement, thus facilitate the fast development of precoated sand production and application technology.The precoated sand factory of initial stage nineties all parts of the country develops rapidly, new product, new technology continue to bring out, to 21 century, the year volume of production and marketing of China's precoated sand industry has reached more than 900,000 tons, be widely used in motor cylinder block, cylinder cap, inlet manifold, the production of the various intricate castings such as all kinds of pipe fitting, the pump housing.
3D prints (3Dprinting), is a kind of based on mathematical model file, use flow-like, Powdered, silk (rod) shape etc. curable, bond, alloying material, carried out the technology of constructed object by the mode of successively solidifying, bonding, fusing.The field such as Making mold, industrial design of being everlasting is used to modeling, after gradually for the direct manufacture of some products, had the parts using this technology to print.This technology is at jewelry, footwear, industrial design, building, engineering and construction (AEC), automobile, and Aero-Space, dentistry and medical industries, education, GIS-Geographic Information System, civil engineering, gun and other field are applied all to some extent.3D printing technique appears at the mid-90 in 20th century, is actually the up-to-date rapid molding device of technology such as utilizing photocuring and ply of paper to fold.It is substantially identical with common print operation principle, and printer, built with liquid or powder etc. " printed material ", after being connected, is stacked up " printed material " by conputer controlled from level to level with computer, finally the blueprint on computer is become in kind.This printing technique is called 3D three-dimensional printing technology.Traditional manufacture generally needs to cut raw material or hole, and namely subtracts material manufacture, can be mass-produced; It is by material stacking bonding, fusion from level to level that 3D prints, and namely increases material manufacture; Quick individual character manufacturing can be realized, the shape that traditional manufacture cannot complete can be produced.
In existing moulding material field, because SLS (selective laser sintering) rapid shaping technique has the advantages such as raw material sources various and structure time that is part is shorter, therefore have in rapid shaping field and apply more widely.A kind of nylon powder material for laser sintering and moulding goods is disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN1379061A, by the improvement of chemical synthesis and technique, the surface of nylon powder material is processed, obtain sintering character excellent, moulded products intensity is high, the product of good toughness, simplifies the preparation technology of laser sintered nylon material, reduces cost; Disclose a kind of production technology of selective laser sintering rapid forming precoated sand in Chinese invention patent CN103567352A, adopt the method for hot film to prepare by novolac resin, methenamine, calcium stearate and coupling agent KH-550.
The laser sintered a kind of method belonging to increasing material and manufacture.This technique is also take laser instrument as energy source, by laser beam, the powder of plastics, wax, pottery, metal or its compound is sintered equably on processing plane.The powder of uniform spreading last layer very thin (submillimeter level) is as raw material on the table, and laser beam under control of the computer, is scanned by the 2-D data of point aspect with certain speed and energy density by scanner.After laser beam flying, the powder of relevant position just sinters certain thickness entity lamella into, and the place do not scanned still keeps loose Powdered.After this one deck is scanned, need subsequently to scan lower one deck.First cut layer thickness and layering thickness according to object and reduce workbench, powder is paved by paving powder cylinder again, can start the scanning of new one deck.So repeatedly, until scanned structure at all levels.Remove excessive powder, and through post processing, can product be obtained.
Although the domestic research for new pattern laser sintering for quick formation material is at present a lot, but be mostly confined to the moulding process to existing material, part performance studies, and the precision of institute's steps of manufacturing blanks, intensity and durability etc. also far away can not the requirements of content with funtion part, also do not produce special rapid prototyping material manufacturer.This situation not only affects the quality of rapid laser sintering molding material or molded article, but also is unfavorable for the Industry Promotion of laser sintering rapid prototyping technology.Exploitation easily shaping, that intensity is high, pollution-free, cost is low new material has become the problem that laser sintering rapid prototyping technology primarily solves.
The present invention is by carrying out surface modification to nice foundry sand, by high molecular adhesive coating to nice foundry sand surface, be add the energy but also the gas that can absorb in forming process that reducing agent not only can increase precoated sand absorbing laser in coating, obtain a kind of low precoated sand of getting angry of high strength of applicable laser sintering rapid forming.This material can be shaped precision, abnormal shape, complicated parts quickly and easily, does not need to spray bonding agent, greatly simplifies and just do program.In addition, the method that this patent provides is simple, and cost is low.
Summary of the invention
Order of the present invention is to provide
oneplant 3D and print rapid shaping precoated sand preparation method, object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
oneplant 3D and print rapid shaping precoated sand preparation method, it is characterized in that, the method has following processing step:
(1) nice foundry sand pretreatment: after being cleaned by nice foundry sand use water, being immersed in mass percentage concentration is in the aqueous solution of CTAB (CTMAB) of 1 ~ 2%, and room temperature is placed 10 ~ 16 hours, filter, be washed with water to neutrality, dry, obtain pretreatment nice foundry sand;
(2) 3D prints the preparation of rapid shaping precoated sand: in mixer, add by mass percentage, pretreatment nice foundry sand: 89% ~ 94%, TPI: 2% ~ 5%, phenolic resins: 2% ~ 5%, bisphenol A-type dianhydride: 0.4% ~ 1.0%, glycerol monostearate: 0.4% ~ 1.0%, each component sum is absolutely, opens mixer rotating speed at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, the liquid-solid ratio of the amount and nice foundry sand that add acetone is again 1mL:9 ~ 10g, opens grinder rotating speed at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, drying, obtains 3D and prints rapid shaping precoated sand.
The particle diameter of nice foundry sand described is in step (1) within the scope of 180 ~ 200 orders.
Phenolic resins described in step (2) is novolac resin.
Phenolic resins described in step (2) and the mass ratio of TPI are at 1:0.9 ~ 1.1 scope optimum.
Bisphenol A-type dianhydride described in step (2) and the mass ratio of phenolic resins are at 1:4.0 ~ 6.0 scope optimum.
Granularity of the present invention is determined by sieving.
Another object of the present invention is to provide 3D and prints the application shaping on 3D printer of rapid shaping precoated sand, feature is: laser sintered 3D is printed the laser sintered precoated sand of rapid shaping and join in the confession powder cylinder of selective laser sintering and moulding machine, dusty material to be layered on processing plane and to be heated to processing temperature by paving powder roller equably, laser instrument sends laser, the switch of computer controlled laser and the angle of scanner, the two-dimentional sheet-shaped of laser beam according to correspondence on processing plane is scanned, after laser beam is inswept, workbench moves down a thickness, repave powder, laser beam flying, so repeatedly, obtain laser sintered, the mode that wherein laser beam scans on processing plane is subregion scanning, and laser power is 55W, and sweep speed is 1500mm/s, and sweep span is 0.1 ~ 0.15mm, and lift height is 0.10 ~ 0.2mm, preheat temperature: 60 DEG C, and processing temperature is 200 ~ 220 DEG C.
Compared with the prior art, tool has the following advantages and beneficial effect in the present invention:
(1) the present invention obtains 3D and prints rapid shaping precoated sand, and not needing to spray binding agent can straight forming under laser sintered condition.
(2) the present invention obtains 3D and prints rapid shaping precoated sand, stable in properties, and producing product, to have surface gloss high, and intensity is good, precision high.
(3) the present invention obtains 3D and prints rapid shaping precoated sand, has preparation technology simple, and condition is easy to control, and production cost is low, is easy to suitability for industrialized production, has again the advantage such as low-carbon environment-friendly and economize energy.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
(1) nice foundry sand pretreatment: after being cleaned by nice foundry sand use water, being immersed in mass percentage concentration is in the aqueous solution of the CTAB of 1.5%, and room temperature places 13 hours, filters, is washed with water to neutrality, dry, obtains pretreatment nice foundry sand;
(2) 3D prints the preparation of rapid shaping precoated sand: in mixer, add respectively, pretreatment nice foundry sand: 92g, TPI: 2g, phenolic resins 4g, bisphenol A-type dianhydride: 1.0g, glycerol monostearate: 1.0g, open mixer rotating speed at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, then add acetone 10mL, open grinder rotating speed again at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, dry, obtain 3D and print rapid shaping precoated sand.
Embodiment 2
(1) nice foundry sand pretreatment: after being cleaned by nice foundry sand use water, being immersed in mass percentage concentration is in the aqueous solution of the CTAB of 1.0%, and room temperature places 16 hours, filters, is washed with water to neutrality, dry, obtains pretreatment nice foundry sand;
(2) 3D prints the preparation of rapid shaping precoated sand: in mixer, add respectively, pretreatment nice foundry sand: 89g, TPI: 5g, phenolic resins 5g, bisphenol A-type dianhydride: 0.5g, glycerol monostearate: 0.5g, open mixer rotating speed at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, then add acetone 12mL, open grinder rotating speed again at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, dry, obtain 3D and print rapid shaping precoated sand.
Embodiment 3
(1) nice foundry sand pretreatment: after being cleaned by nice foundry sand use water, being immersed in mass percentage concentration is in the aqueous solution of the CTAB of 2.0%, and room temperature places 10 hours, filters, is washed with water to neutrality, dry, obtains pretreatment nice foundry sand;
(2) 3D prints the preparation of rapid shaping precoated sand: in mixer, add respectively, pretreatment nice foundry sand: 95g, TPI: 2g, phenolic resins 2g, bisphenol A-type dianhydride: 0.4g, glycerol monostearate: 0.6g, open mixer rotating speed at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, then add acetone 11mL, open grinder rotating speed again at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, dry, obtain 3D and print rapid shaping precoated sand.
Embodiment 4
(1) nice foundry sand pretreatment: after being cleaned by nice foundry sand use water, being immersed in mass percentage concentration is in the aqueous solution of the CTAB of 1.2%, and room temperature places 14 hours, filters, is washed with water to neutrality, dry, obtains pretreatment nice foundry sand;
(2) 3D prints the preparation of rapid shaping precoated sand: in mixer, add respectively, pretreatment nice foundry sand: 90g, TPI: 4g, phenolic resins 4g, bisphenol A-type dianhydride: 0.6g, glycerol monostearate: 0.6g, open mixer rotating speed at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, then add acetone 10mL, open grinder rotating speed again at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, dry, obtain 3D and print rapid shaping precoated sand.
Embodiment 5
(1) nice foundry sand pretreatment: after being cleaned by nice foundry sand use water, being immersed in mass percentage concentration is in the aqueous solution of the CTAB of 1.7%, and room temperature places 12 hours, filters, is washed with water to neutrality, dry, obtains pretreatment nice foundry sand;
(2) 3D prints the preparation of rapid shaping precoated sand: in mixer, add respectively, pretreatment nice foundry sand: 93g, TPI: 3g, phenolic resins 2.7g, bisphenol A-type dianhydride: 0.5g, glycerol monostearate: 0.8g, open mixer rotating speed at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, then add acetone 12mL, open grinder rotating speed again at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, dry, obtain 3D and print rapid shaping precoated sand.
Embodiment 6
(1) nice foundry sand pretreatment: after being cleaned by nice foundry sand use water, being immersed in mass percentage concentration is in the aqueous solution of the CTAB of 1.5%, and room temperature places 13 hours, filters, is washed with water to neutrality, dry, obtains pretreatment nice foundry sand;
(2) 3D prints the preparation of rapid shaping precoated sand: in mixer, add respectively, pretreatment nice foundry sand: 9000g, TPI: 350g, phenolic resins 350g, bisphenol A-type dianhydride: 70g, glycerol monostearate: 80g, open mixer rotating speed at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, then add acetone 700mL, open grinder rotating speed again at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, dry, obtain 3D and print rapid shaping precoated sand.
Embodiment 7
Using method: laser sintered 3D is printed low precoated sand of getting angry and join in the confession powder cylinder of selective laser sintering and moulding machine, dusty material to be layered on processing plane and to be heated to processing temperature by paving powder roller equably, laser instrument sends laser, the switch of computer controlled laser and the angle of scanner, the two-dimentional sheet-shaped of laser beam according to correspondence on processing plane is scanned, after laser beam is inswept, workbench moves down a thickness, repave powder, laser beam flying, so repeatedly, laser sintered is obtained; The mode that wherein laser beam scans on processing plane is subregion scanning, and laser power is 55W, and sweep speed is 1500mm/s, sweep span is 0.1 ~ 0.15mm, and lift height is 0.10 ~ 0.2mm, preheat temperature: 60 DEG C, processing temperature is 200 ~ 220 DEG C, and shaping precision is high.
Claims (6)
1.
oneplant 3D and print rapid shaping precoated sand preparation method, it is characterized in that, the method has following processing step:
(1) nice foundry sand pretreatment: after being cleaned by nice foundry sand use water, being immersed in mass percentage concentration is in the aqueous solution of the CTAB of 1 ~ 2%, and room temperature is placed 10 ~ 16 hours, filters, is washed with water to neutrality, dry, obtains pretreatment nice foundry sand;
(2) 3D prints the preparation of rapid shaping precoated sand: in mixer, add by mass percentage, pretreatment nice foundry sand: 89% ~ 94%, TPI: 2% ~ 5%, phenolic resins: 2% ~ 5%, bisphenol A-type dianhydride: 0.4% ~ 1.0%, glycerol monostearate: 0.4% ~ 1.0%, each component sum is absolutely, opens mixer rotating speed at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, the liquid-solid ratio of the amount and nice foundry sand that add acetone is again 1mL:9 ~ 10g, opens grinder rotating speed at 120 revs/min, grinding 30min, drying, obtains 3D and prints rapid shaping precoated sand.
2. according to claim 1
oneplant 3D and print rapid shaping precoated sand preparation method, it is characterized in that, the particle diameter of the nice foundry sand described in step (1) is within the scope of 180 ~ 200 orders.
3. according to claim 1
oneplant 3D and print rapid shaping precoated sand preparation method, it is characterized in that, the phenolic resins described in step (2) is novolac resin.
4. according to claim 1
oneplant 3D and print rapid shaping precoated sand preparation method, it is characterized in that, the mass ratio of the phenolic resins described in step (2) and TPI is optimum in 1:0.9 ~ 1.1 scope.
5. according to claim 1
oneplant 3D and print rapid shaping precoated sand preparation method, it is characterized in that, the mass ratio of the bisphenol A-type dianhydride described in step (2) and phenolic resins is optimum in 1:4.0 ~ 6.0 scope.
6. according to claim 1
onethe 3D planted prepared by 3D printing rapid shaping precoated sand preparation method prints rapid shaping precoated sand.
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| CN106424533A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-02-22 | 马鞍山顺发机械制造有限公司 | High-quality molding sand for casting |
| CN106493943A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-15 | 广东奥基德信机电有限公司 | A kind of solidify afterwards 3D printing forming method |
| CN106563764A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-04-19 | 宁夏共享模具有限公司 | Precoated sand material for 3D printing and preparing method and forming method of precoated sand material |
| CN106563763A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-04-19 | 宁夏共享模具有限公司 | Granular material used for 3D printing and casting model for 3D printing |
| CN106926453A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-07-07 | 济南大学 | A kind of method that laser sintered 3D printing precoated sand is prepared for adhesive with sugar |
| CN106964749A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-07-21 | 济南大学 | It is a kind of that laser sintered 3D printing precoated sand is prepared for the hot method of adhesive with sugar |
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| CN108296419A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-07-20 | 柳州市柳晶科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method using recycling glass preparation 3D printing precoated sand and precoated sand obtained |
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| CN112496257A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-16 | 南京琮咀科技发展有限公司 | Preparation method of precoated sand |
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| CN114799037A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-29 | 北京仁创砂业铸造材料有限公司 | Anti-vein precoated sand and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106424533A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-02-22 | 马鞍山顺发机械制造有限公司 | High-quality molding sand for casting |
| CN106563764A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-04-19 | 宁夏共享模具有限公司 | Precoated sand material for 3D printing and preparing method and forming method of precoated sand material |
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| CN106964749A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-07-21 | 济南大学 | It is a kind of that laser sintered 3D printing precoated sand is prepared for the hot method of adhesive with sugar |
| CN106926453B (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2019-04-23 | 济南大学 | A method of laser sintered 3D printing precoated sand is prepared for adhesive with sugar |
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