CN106563507B - 纳米负载金属有机框架钯复合催化剂及制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
纳米负载金属有机框架钯复合催化剂及制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- CSDSSGBPEUDDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-formylpyridine Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=N1 CSDSSGBPEUDDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 101150003085 Pdcl gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002249 LaCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000006069 Suzuki reaction reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 238000007210 heterogeneous catalysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001502 aryl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 8
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N as-o-xylenol Natural products CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 5
- SNHMUERNLJLMHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC=C1 SNHMUERNLJLMHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- OSCBARYHPZZEIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxyboronic acid Chemical class OB(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 OSCBARYHPZZEIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229960004756 ethanol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002666 PdCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003477 Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002815 homogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010813 internal standard method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- PWKNBLFSJAVFAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1F PWKNBLFSJAVFAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOJUJUVQIVIZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde Chemical group NC1=NC(Cl)=C(C=O)C(Cl)=N1 GOJUJUVQIVIZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GNHQSAUHXKRQMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;chlorine Chemical compound [Cl].C1=CC=CC=C1 GNHQSAUHXKRQMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001795 coordination polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-dicarboxybenzene Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
- B01J31/28—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24 of the platinum group metals, iron group metals or copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/1691—Coordination polymers, e.g. metal-organic frameworks [MOF]
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1805—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
- B01J31/181—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine
- B01J31/1815—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine with more than one complexing nitrogen atom, e.g. bipyridyl, 2-aminopyridine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J35/33—Electric or magnetic properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/32—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from compounds containing hetero-atoms other than or in addition to oxygen or halogen
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/40—Substitution reactions at carbon centres, e.g. C-C or C-X, i.e. carbon-hetero atom, cross-coupling, C-H activation or ring-opening reactions
- B01J2231/42—Catalytic cross-coupling, i.e. connection of previously not connected C-atoms or C- and X-atoms without rearrangement
- B01J2231/4205—C-C cross-coupling, e.g. metal catalyzed or Friedel-Crafts type
- B01J2231/4211—Suzuki-type, i.e. RY + R'B(OR)2, in which R, R' are optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, acyl and Y is the leaving group
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- B01J2531/0241—Rigid ligands, e.g. extended sp2-carbon frameworks or geminal di- or trisubstitution
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Abstract
纳米负载金属有机框架钯复合催化剂及制备方法与应用，涉及一种化工功能材料技术领域，本发明为一种磁性纳米粒或棒负载的金属有机框架‑钯复合催化剂Fe3O4@La‑MOF‑Schiff‑Pd，包括以下制备步骤：（1）Fe3O4@La‑MOF的制备；（2）Fe3O4@La‑MOF‑Schiff的制备；（3）Fe3O4@La‑MOF‑Schiff‑Pd的合成。本发明以2‑吡啶甲醛修饰，形成两个N配位点；最后通过配位作用与Pd2+络合，得到具有高活性Pd催化位点，用于催化Suzuki偶联反应，并且可通过外加磁铁吸附进行分离的多相催化剂。该制备方法简单、产率高，催化剂在空气和水中稳定，能高效、多相催化Suzuki偶联反应。催化剂可以通过外加磁铁吸附进行分离，循环利用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种化工功能材料技术领域，特别是涉及一种纳米负载金属有机框架钯复合催化剂及制备方法与应用。
背景技术
碳-碳键的生成是化学变化中最重要的过程之一，利用这类变化可将简单的反应前体转变为结构复杂的分子，在医药、农药以及精细化工产品等多种化合物的合成中有着重要意义。Suzuki偶联反应、Heck偶联反应以及Sonogashira偶联反应是碳-碳键构建中最常用的三种方法。
钯催化的碳-碳键偶联反应具有底物来源广泛、官能团的相容性好且反应条件温和、收率高等优点，是目前最为广泛使用的催化剂。这其中，Pd(OAC)2、PdCl2等均相催化剂具有高活性和高选择性，副反应少等优点，但是由于催化剂难以分离，污染产物且昂贵的钯不易回收和重复使用而造成极大浪费，因而限制了其应用。为克服这些缺点，使用异相催化剂替代均相催化剂催化碳-碳偶联反应已成为一种需要。如今，含钯配位聚合物正逐渐应用于Suzuki偶联反应、Heck偶联反应和Sonogashira偶联反应，因为它作为催化剂具有对底物选择性较广、反应条件温和、副反应少等优点。含其它金属如镍、铜、钌等的金属配合物也能催化多种偶联反应，但由于它们对底物选择具有局限性，因此催化效果均不如钯配合物好。虽然异相催化剂的出现能解决催化剂的分离这一难题，但是繁琐的过滤过程以及催化剂的乳化、堵塞等问题仍然会阻碍催化剂的有效回收利用。
综上所述，亟需开发一种高效、易分离、可循环利用的新型催化剂。
2011年宾夕法尼亚大学的Yun Luo等在Inorganica Chimica Acta上公开发表2-氨基-1,4-苯二甲酸（H2abdc）与La3+构筑的金属有机框架[La(abdc)(Habdc)•2H2O]，其具有制备简单（见说明书附图1）、产率高（>90%）、结构稳定且具有高孔隙度等优点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种纳米负载金属有机框架钯复合催化剂及制备方法与应用，本发明选择 [La(abdc)(Habdc)•2H2O]为框架，在[La(abdc)(Habdc)•2H2O]合成中负载Fe3O4磁性纳米材料；然后以2-吡啶甲醛修饰，形成两个N配位点；最后通过配位作用与Pd2 +络合，得到具有高活性Pd催化位点，用于催化Suzuki偶联反应，并且可通过外加磁铁吸附进行分离的多相催化剂。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
纳米负载金属有机框架钯复合催化剂，所述催化剂以高孔隙度La-MOF----[La(abdc)(Habdc)•2H2O]为框架负载Fe3O4磁性纳米材料得到Fe3O4@La-MOF，再以2-吡啶甲醛修饰，形成含有两个N配位点Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff，最后与Pd2+配位，得到具有高活性Pd催化位点，同时可以通过外加磁铁吸附进行分离的多相催化剂，并用于催化Suzuki偶联反应，其分子式为：Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd，其结构式为：
。
纳米负载金属有机框架钯复合催化剂制备方法，本方法为一种磁性纳米材料负载的金属有机框架--钯复合催化剂Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd的制备方法，包括以下过程：
（1）Fe3O4@La-MOF的制备
取6 mmol的LaCl3•6H2O和12 mmol的2-氨基-1,4-苯二甲酸钠盐分别溶于水，先将LaCl3•6H2O溶液倒入三口烧瓶，在机械搅拌下加入7 mg/mL的Fe3O4乙醇分散液，搅拌后再加入2-氨基-1,4-苯二甲酸钠盐并不断搅拌，将反应混合物用蒸馏水和无水乙醇洗涤并烘干即得到Fe3O4@La-MOF；其分子式为：Fe3O4@La-MOF，其结构式为：
。
（2）Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff的制备
取2.7133g的Fe3O4@La-MOF，8 mmol的2-吡啶甲醛和100 mL的无水乙醇于三口烧瓶中；室温搅拌48～72 h，得到的产物用蒸馏水和无水乙醇洗涤并烘干即得到Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff。其分子式为：Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff，其结构式为：
。
（3）Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd的合成
取1.5709g的Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff，0.3546g的PdCl2，100 mL的无水乙醇于三口烧瓶中；在机械搅拌下搅拌48～72h，得到的混合物用蒸馏水和无水乙醇洗涤并烘干即得到Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd；其分子式为：Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd，其结构式为：
。
纳米负载金属有机框架钯复合催化剂应用，即磁性纳米材料负载的金属有机框架--钯复合催化剂 Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd的催化剂应用；磁性纳材料负载的金属有机框架--钯复合催化剂Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd在Suzuki偶联反应具有催化活性，其芳基卤化物1 mmol 氯苯、溴苯或碘苯、1.2 mmol苯硼酸、2mmol碳酸钾和作为催化剂的 8mg的Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd加入到圆底烧瓶中，6mL无水乙醇作反应溶剂，在温度 60～80 ℃下磁力搅拌 1～6 h，将反应后的溶液用乙酸乙酯萃取，并用无水硫酸钠干燥，再将有机溶剂去除得到最终产物，产率用气相色谱中的内标法测得，产率99%，证明化合物 Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd对Suzuki C-C 偶联反应具有高的催化活性。
所述的纳米负载金属有机框架钯复合催化剂应用，所述磁性纳米材料负载的金属有机框架-钯复合催化剂 Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd，有效催化 Suzuki偶联反应后，通过外加磁铁吸附进行分离，循环利用催化 Suzuki偶联反应12次。
本发明的优点与效果是：
1.本发明与通常的多相催化剂相比，本催化剂具有制备简单、经济，结构稳定且容易回收再利用等优点。实现高效、多相催化碳-碳偶联反应；更为重要的是，这种制备磁性纳米材料负载的金属有机框架-钯复合催化剂的方法，工艺简单、成本低、产率高、催化活性高，催化剂可以通过外加磁铁吸附进行分离，易于分离、循环利用多次催化产率没有明显降低，在空气和水中稳定；具备潜在的工业生产应用价值。
2.本发明方法三步制得磁性纳米材料负载的金属有机框架-钯复合催化剂（Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd），催化剂合成简单，产率高，在空气和水中稳定，能高效、多相催化碳-碳偶联反应，并且可以通过外加磁铁吸附进行分离。
附图说明
图1金属有机框架[La(abdc)(Habdc)•2H2O]结构图；
图2本发明实现技术方案；
图3 磁性纳米材料负载的金属有机框架-钯复合催化剂元素分析能谱（EDS）图；
图4 Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd催化碳-碳偶联反应方程式；
图5 (a-b) Fe3O4纳米粒的透射电镜（TEM）图； (c) Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd的扫描电镜（SEM）图； (d) Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd的扫描透射电镜（STEM）图；(e-f) Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd的透射电镜（TEM）图；
图6外加磁铁吸附Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd催化剂示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
以下通过实例对本发明做进一步阐述，本发明涉及磁性纳米粒或棒负载的金属有机框架-钯复合催化剂（Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd）的制备方法及其在Suzuki偶联反应的催化作用。该制备方法的操作步骤为：以高孔隙度La-MOF 即[La(abdc)(Habdc)•2H2O]为框架负载Fe3O4磁性纳米粒或棒制得Fe3O4@La-MOF，再以2-吡啶甲醛修饰，形成含有两个N配位点Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff，最后与Pd2+配位，得到具有高活性Pd2+催化位点，同时可以通过磁铁吸附进行分离的多相催化剂，并用于催化Suzuki偶联反应。
实施例1：Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd的制备
（1）取6 mmol的LaCl3•6H2O和12 mmol的2-氨基-1,4-苯二甲酸钠盐并分别溶于水。先将LaCl3•6H2O倒入三口烧瓶，在机械搅拌下加入7 mg/mL的Fe3O4乙醇分散液，搅拌一段时间后再加入2-氨基-1,4-苯二甲酸钠盐并不断搅拌。将反应产物用蒸馏水和无水乙醇洗涤并烘干即得到Fe3O4@La-MOF。
（2）取2.7133g的Fe3O4@La-MOF，760μL的2-吡啶甲醛和100 mL的无水乙醇于三口烧瓶中。室温搅拌24h，得到的产物用蒸馏水和无水乙醇洗涤并烘干即得到Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff。
（3）取2.7133g的Fe3O4@La-MOF，760μL的2-吡啶甲醛和100 mL的无水乙醇于三口烧瓶中。室温搅拌48h，得到的产物用蒸馏水和无水乙醇洗涤并烘干即得到Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff。
（4）取2.7133g的Fe3O4@La-MOF，760μL的2-吡啶甲醛和100 mL的无水乙醇于三口烧瓶中。室温搅拌72h，得到的产物用蒸馏水和无水乙醇洗涤并烘干即得到Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff。
（5）取1.5709g的Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff，0.3546g的PdCl2，100 mL的无水乙醇于三口烧瓶中。在机械搅拌下搅拌24h，得到的混合物用蒸馏水和无水乙醇洗涤并烘干即得到Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd。
（6）取1.5709g的Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff，0.3546g的PdCl2，100 mL的无水乙醇于三口烧瓶中。在机械搅拌下搅拌48h，得到的混合物用蒸馏水和无水乙醇洗涤并烘干即得到Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd。
（7）取1.5709g的Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff，0.3546g的PdCl2，100 mL的无水乙醇于三口烧瓶中。在机械搅拌下搅拌72h，得到的混合物用蒸馏水和无水乙醇洗涤并烘干即得到Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd。
所述的磁性纳米材料负载的金属有机框架-钯复合催化剂Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd及其制备方法，其步骤（1）所述的La-MOF前驱物包括LaCl3•6H2O和Ln镧系中的一种或几种混合物；步骤（2）、（3）所述的溶剂包括无水乙醇、甲醇中的一种或几种混合物；步骤（3）所述的Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd的前驱物包括PdCl2。
实施例2：Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd对Suzuki C-C 偶联反应的催化活性
（1）将得到的Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd用于芳基卤化物和苯硼酸的 Suzuki C-C偶联反应中验证其催化活性。具体操作方法是将1 mmol芳基卤化物（氯苯、溴苯或碘苯）、1.2 mmol 苯硼酸、2mmol碳酸钾和作为催化剂的8mg的Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd加入到圆底烧瓶中，6mL乙醇作反应溶剂，在温度 60 ℃下磁力搅拌 1～6 h，将反应后的溶液用乙酸乙酯萃取，并用无水硫酸钠干燥，再将有机溶剂去除得到最终产物，产率用气相色谱中的内标法测得，产率99%，证明化合物 Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd对Suzuki C-C 偶联反应具有高的催化活性。
（2）将得到的Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd用于芳基卤化物和苯硼酸的 Suzuki C-C偶联反应中验证其催化活性。具体操作方法是将1 mmol芳基卤化物（氯苯、溴苯或碘苯）、1.2 mmol 苯硼酸、2mmol碳酸钾和作为催化剂的8mg的Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd加入到圆底烧瓶中，6mL乙醇作反应溶剂，在温度 70 ℃下磁力搅拌 1～6 h，将反应后的溶液用乙酸乙酯萃取，并用无水硫酸钠干燥，再将有机溶剂去除得到最终产物，产率用气相色谱中的内标法测得，产率99%，证明化合物 Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd对Suzuki C-C 偶联反应具有高的催化活性。
（3）将得到的Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd用于芳基卤化物和苯硼酸的 Suzuki C-C偶联反应中验证其催化活性。具体操作方法是将1 mmol芳基卤化物（氯苯、溴苯或碘苯）、1.2 mmol 苯硼酸、2mmol碳酸钾和作为催化剂的8mg的Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd加入到圆底烧瓶中，6mL乙醇作反应溶剂，在温度 80 ℃下磁力搅拌 1～6 h，将反应后的溶液用乙酸乙酯萃取，并用无水硫酸钠干燥，再将有机溶剂去除得到最终产物，产率用气相色谱中的内标法测得，产率99%，证明化合物 Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd对Suzuki C-C 偶联反应具有高的催化活性。
实施例3：Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd在Suzuki C-C 偶联反应中循环利用的催化活性
在实施例2的Suzuki C-C 偶联反应结束后，按照图6所示方法即外加磁铁吸附将上述反应中的催化剂Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd分离，再次投入到芳基卤化物和苯硼酸的Suzuki C-C 偶联反应中验证其循环催化活性。具体操作方法是将1 mmol芳基卤化物（氯苯、溴苯或碘苯）、1.2 mmol 苯硼酸、2mmol碳酸钾，以及依据磁性吸附分离出来的Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd加入到圆底烧瓶中，6mL乙醇作反应溶剂，在温度 60～80 ℃下磁力搅拌 1～6 h，将反应后的溶液用乙酸乙酯萃取，并用无水硫酸钠干燥，再将有机溶剂去除得到最终产物，产率用气相色谱中的内标法测得，产率大于90%。重复上述循环实验12次，产率均大于90%，证明化合物 Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd 在Suzuki C-C 偶联反应中可以循环利用，并且仍然具有高的催化活性。
Claims (1)
1.纳米负载金属有机框架钯复合催化剂制备方法，其特征在于，本方法为一种磁性纳米材料负载的金属有机框架--钯复合催化剂Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd的制备方法，包括以下过程：
（1）Fe3O4@La-MOF的制备
取6 mmol的LaCl3•6H2O和12 mmol的2-氨基-1,4-苯二甲酸钠盐分别溶于水，先将LaCl3•6H2O溶液倒入三口烧瓶，在机械搅拌下加入7 mg/mL的Fe3O4乙醇分散液，搅拌后再加入2-氨基-1,4-苯二甲酸钠盐并不断搅拌，将反应混合物用蒸馏水和无水乙醇洗涤并烘干即得到Fe3O4@La-MOF；其分子式为：Fe3O4@La-MOF，其结构式为：
；
（2）Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff的制备
取2.7133g的Fe3O4@La-MOF，8 mmol的2-吡啶甲醛和100 mL的无水乙醇于三口烧瓶中；室温搅拌48～72 h，得到的产物用蒸馏水和无水乙醇洗涤并烘干即得到Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff；
其分子式为：Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff，其结构式为：
；
（3）Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd的合成
取1.5709g的Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff，0.3546g的PdCl2，100 mL的无水乙醇于三口烧瓶中；在机械搅拌下搅拌48～72h，得到的混合物用蒸馏水和无水乙醇洗涤并烘干即得到Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd；其分子式为：Fe3O4@La-MOF-Schiff-Pd，其结构式为：
。
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