CN106561514A - Method for manually restoring margarya melanioides species - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for manually restoring the margarya melanioides species and relates to the field of ecological restoration and ecological protection. According to the invention, by acquiring and domesticating margarya melanioide species sources, and putting the margarya melanioide species sources into a to-be-restored lake region to restore the natual breeding and growth of the margarya melanioide in the to-be-restored lake region, the objective of manually restoring the margarya melanioides species is achieved. The method is advantageous in that the special endangered mollusk: margarya melanioides in the Yunnan-Guizhou plateau in China can be restored, and the method is characterized in that the method is low in cost, ecologically friendly, and easy to popularize in the restoration process.

Description

A kind of method of Bellamya quadrata population manual reversion

Technical field

The present invention relates to ecological recovery and ecological protection field, are more particularly to the protection of gastropod Bellamya quadrata population and recover Method.

Background technology

Bellamya quadrata (Margarya melanioides), belong to cheek subclass Viviparidae Margarya before Mollusca gastropod, be The distinctive species of China, in being only distributed in the part plateau lake in Yunnan Province, be important economic snail (Liu Yueying, 1979. China's economic zoography, fresh water mollusk).Yunnan captures in a large number the history of the existing centuries of Bellamya quadrata, and its meat flavour is delicious, spiral shell It is yellow nutritious, it is locals institute eating (Chen Deniu, treasure in 1995. water --- Bellamya quadrata).On the other hand, in the last few years with The aggravation of plateau lake eutrophication, the habitat that Bellamya quadrata is depended on for existence is increasingly severe, and the distribution of Bellamya quadrata is substantially shunk back, Biomass It is greatly reduced (Wang Lizhen etc., 2007. Dian Chi Benthic macroinvertebrate community structures and water quality assessment).Last century the eighties Before, the Dian Chi in Yunnan can capture substantial amounts of Bellamya quadrata, but in recent years the Bellamya quadrata day quantity of the catch of Dian Chi pre-season is only original / 10th for coming, by International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources（IUCN）Be classified as endangered species (Di et al., 2011.Margarya melanoides. In IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2009. Version 2011.2. Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org), Dianchi Lake, Yunnan Province, Asia puecon Bi Hu are existed only at present In the extra large Xihai sea, wherein, population aging situation in Dian Chi is serious, in involution form (Song et al., 2013. Population structure of an endemic gastropod in Chinese plateau lakes: evidence for population decline)；According to Ecological concepts, population of the age composition in stable type or growth form could keep population It is stable or expand (dagger-axe peak, 2008. modern ecologies).It is in addition inartificial if gone down according to the development of existing decline rate Adjust and recover, Bellamya quadrata can disappear in the near future (Song et al., 2013. Population structure of an endemic gastropod in Chinese plateau lakes: evidence for population Decline), this for the maintenance in species resource storehouse be a huge loss.Therefore, the recovery of Bellamya quadrata population is carved and is not allowed It is slow.This theoretical and realistic meaning important for the protection of endemic species, the recovery of Dian Chi ecologic structure are respectively provided with.At present, have Close the mass rearing of Bellamya quadrata population and recover also not forming related system.

The content of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is：A kind of method of Bellamya quadrata population manual reversion is provided.The method is adopted by Bellamya quadrata introduces a collection Collection and domestication, and put it into lake region to be restored so that the natural propagation and growth of Bellamya quadrata is recovered in lake region to be restored, reaches Bellamya quadrata The purpose of population manual reversion.It is an advantage of the invention that：The peculiar Mollusca in imminent danger in China Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau can be recovered -- Bellamya quadrata, Have that expense is low, ecological close friend in recovery process, and it is easy to spread the characteristics of.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that.

A kind of method of Bellamya quadrata population manual reversion, the method is comprised the steps of：

A, in the strong region of Bellamya quadrata Population Growth power, using trawlnet interval collection Bellamya quadrata, as the introduces a collection that Bellamya quadrata recovers；

B, by the water body in the Bellamya quadrata for collecting and the region by weight 1：5 are contained in bucket, are inflated using inflator pump so that water body Dissolved oxygen be more than 2 mg/L, transport back in 5 hours and raise and train pond；

C, water depth being raised and train for 0.4 ~ 0.6 meter, putting 1 in a suitable place to breed per 5 liters of water into spiral shell or 2 young spiral shells, the water raised and train in pond adopts spiral shell The mixture of snail locality water, abundant aeration tap water and regional water to be restored, first week ratio to the 5th week these three water Respectively 5:4:1、3:5:2、1:5:4、0:3:7、0:0:10；

D, in the domestication incubation for raising and train pond, the amount that Bellamya quadrata fresh weight 1% was pressed every 4 days throws in sunk type fish food, raises and train pond and adopts With artificial aeration, control ammonia nitrogen is less than 2 mg/L, dissolved oxygen more than 3 mg/L and pH 7 ~ 9.5；

E, selection 1 ~ 5m of the depth of water, water body pH 7 ~ 9.5, water body total phosphorus are less than 2 mg/L, substrate less than 0.2mg/L, water body ammonia nitrogen 200 mg/Kg DW are less than for husky mud or mud, bed mud total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen is less than 60 mg/kg FW and submerged plant cover degree 30- 50% region is used as Bellamya quadrata area to be restored；

F, the Bellamya quadrata raised and train through five weeks is put into into lake region to be restored by the input density of 2 ~ 5/square meter, wherein into spiral shell and young spiral shell Ratio is 1:1~3:1, the sex ration into spiral shell is 1:1；

The level of g, monitoring Bellamya quadrata water body ammonia nitrogen in region to be restored and dissolved oxygen, it is ensured that water body ammonia nitrogen is less than 2 mg/L, dissolved oxygen More than 3 mg/L, if not up to standard, using aerator aeration；

The situation of h, monitoring Bellamya quadrata region submerged plant cover degree to be restored, when submerged plant cover degree is less than 30%, reseeds heavy water and plants Thing；When submerged plant cover degree is more than 50% and dissolved oxygen is less than 3 mg/L, then using interval stripelike manner harvesting submerged plant, Submerged plant cover degree is set to recover to 30% ~ 50%；

I, when Bellamya quadrata population structure is in stable or increase and maintain 3 ~ 6 months, and density is higher than after 7/square meter, you can recover it Natural growth conditions.

Advantages of the present invention and good effect：

1. Bellamya quadrata is used as the peculiar Mollusca in imminent danger of China, and the present invention is recovering the peculiar Mollusca in imminent danger in China Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau For the purpose of, for the meaning that lake ecosystem shift and peculiar living resources conservation are respectively provided with positive important.

2. the present invention puts into region to be restored, in operating process by using high-quality resource storehouse Bellamya quadrata, Jing artificial domestications Expense is low, take up an area less, ecological friendly and easy to spread.

Specific embodiment

The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below, but it must be noted that tool discussed below Body embodiment is merely to illustrate and explains the present invention, is not limited to the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention will with right Ask and be defined.

Embodiment one

A kind of method of Bellamya quadrata population manual reversion, the method is comprised the steps of：

A, in the strong region of Bellamya quadrata Population Growth power, using trawlnet interval collection Bellamya quadrata, as the introduces a collection that Bellamya quadrata recovers；

B, by the water body in the Bellamya quadrata for collecting and the region by weight 1：5 are contained in bucket, are inflated using inflator pump so that water body Dissolved oxygen be more than 2 mg/L, transport back in 5 hours and raise and train pond；

C, water depth being raised and train for 0.4 ~ 0.6 meter, putting 1 in a suitable place to breed per 5 liters of water into spiral shell or 2 young spiral shells, the water raised and train in pond adopts spiral shell The mixture of snail locality water, abundant aeration tap water and regional water to be restored, first week ratio to the 5th week these three water Respectively 5:4:1、3:5:2、1:5:4、0:3:7、0:0:10, make to raise and train Bellamya quadrata and progressively adapt to waters to be restored；

D, in the domestication incubation for raising and train pond, the amount that Bellamya quadrata fresh weight 1% was pressed every 4 days throws in sunk type fish food, raises and train pond and adopts With artificial aeration, control ammonia nitrogen is less than 2 mg/L, dissolved oxygen more than 3 mg/L and pH 7 ~ 9.5；

E, selection 1 ~ 5m of the depth of water, water body pH 7 ~ 9.5, water body total phosphorus are less than 2 mg/L, substrate less than 0.2mg/L, water body ammonia nitrogen 200 mg/Kg DW are less than for husky mud or mud, bed mud total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen is less than 60 mg/kg FW and submerged plant cover degree 30- 50% region is used as Bellamya quadrata area to be restored；

F, the Bellamya quadrata raised and train through five weeks is put into into lake region to be restored by the input density of 2 ~ 5/square meter, wherein into spiral shell and young spiral shell Ratio is 1:1~3:1, the sex ration into spiral shell is 1:1；

The level of g, monitoring Bellamya quadrata water body ammonia nitrogen in region to be restored and dissolved oxygen, it is ensured that water body ammonia nitrogen is less than 2 mg/L, dissolved oxygen More than 3 mg/L, if not up to standard, using aerator aeration；

The situation of h, monitoring Bellamya quadrata region submerged plant cover degree to be restored, when submerged plant cover degree is less than 30%, reseeds heavy water and plants Thing；When submerged plant cover degree is more than 50% and when dissolved oxygen is less than 3 below mg/L, then planted using the heavy water of interval stripelike manner harvesting Thing, makes submerged plant cover degree recover to 30% ~ 50%；

I, when Bellamya quadrata population structure is in stable or increase and maintain 3 ~ 6 months, and density is persistently higher than after 7/square meter, you can make it Recover nature growth conditions.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of method of Bellamya quadrata population manual reversion, it is characterised in that the method is comprised the steps of：

A, in the strong region of Bellamya quadrata Population Growth power, using trawlnet interval collection Bellamya quadrata, as the introduces a collection that Bellamya quadrata recovers；

B, by the water body in the Bellamya quadrata for collecting and the region by weight 1：5 are contained in bucket, are inflated using inflator pump so that water body Dissolved oxygen be more than 2 mg/L, transport back in 5 hours and raise and train pond；

C, water depth being raised and train for 0.4 ~ 0.6 meter, putting 1 in a suitable place to breed per 5 liters of water into spiral shell or 2 young spiral shells, the water raised and train in pond adopts spiral shell The mixture of snail locality water, abundant aeration tap water and regional water to be restored, first week ratio to the 5th week these three water Respectively 5:4:1、3:5:2、1:5:4、0:3:7、0:0:10；

D, in the domestication incubation for raising and train pond, the amount that Bellamya quadrata fresh weight 1% was pressed every 4 days throws in sunk type fish food, raises and train pond and adopts With artificial aeration, control ammonia nitrogen is less than 2 mg/L, dissolved oxygen more than 3 mg/L and pH 7 ~ 9.5；

E, selection 1 ~ 5m of the depth of water, water body pH 7 ~ 9.5, water body total phosphorus are less than 2 mg/L, substrate less than 0.2mg/L, water body ammonia nitrogen 200 mg/Kg DW are less than for husky mud or mud, bed mud total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen is less than 60 mg/kg FW and submerged plant cover degree 30- 50% region is used as Bellamya quadrata area to be restored；

F, the Bellamya quadrata raised and train through five weeks is put into into lake region to be restored by the input density of 2 ~ 5/square meter, wherein into spiral shell and young spiral shell Ratio is 1:1~3:1, the sex ration into spiral shell is 1:1；

The level of g, monitoring Bellamya quadrata water body ammonia nitrogen in region to be restored and dissolved oxygen, it is ensured that water body ammonia nitrogen is less than 2 mg/L, dissolved oxygen More than 3 mg/L, if not up to standard, using aerator aeration；

The situation of h, monitoring Bellamya quadrata region submerged plant cover degree to be restored, when submerged plant cover degree is less than 30%, reseeds heavy water and plants Thing；When submerged plant cover degree is more than 50% and dissolved oxygen is less than 3 mg/L, then using interval stripelike manner harvesting submerged plant, Submerged plant cover degree is set to recover to 30% ~ 50%；

I, when Bellamya quadrata population structure is in stable or increase and maintain 3 ~ 6 months, and density is higher than after 7/square meter, you can recover it Natural growth conditions.