CN106552564A - Ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system and the thermal cracking process using the system - Google Patents
Ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system and the thermal cracking process using the system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106552564A CN106552564A CN201510640761.8A CN201510640761A CN106552564A CN 106552564 A CN106552564 A CN 106552564A CN 201510640761 A CN201510640761 A CN 201510640761A CN 106552564 A CN106552564 A CN 106552564A
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- ultrasonic wave
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system and the thermal cracking process using the system, belong to petrochemical industry cracking technique field.Ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system of the present invention, including cracking reaction boiler tube, the outside of cracking reaction boiler tube is provided with supersonic generator, and supersonic generator is sequentially connected with ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic wave distributor and cracking reaction boiler tube, and ultrasonic transducer is provided with cooler.Ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system of the present invention improves the high attached yield of ethylene unit, and reduces side reaction, improves the selectivity of cracking reaction and the economic benefit of device, simplifies structure design, is easy to manufacture, installs and checking maintenance operation.Simultaneously the invention provides a kind of thermal cracking process of simple application ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system and the thermal cracking process using the system, belong to petrochemical industry cracking
Technical field.
Background technology
Ethylene unit is the faucet device of large petrochemical plant, and energy consumption major part is consumed in pyrolysis furnace, the operation shape of pyrolysis furnace
Condition has very important effect to the benefit of ethylene unit.
Global major part ethylene production adopts tube furnace steam cracking process, hydrocarbon raw material to carry out hot tearing with steam in high temperature furnace pipe
Solution reaction, generates the small molecule target products such as hydrogen, ethene, propylene, butadiene, and a large amount of side reactions of simultaneous are produced
The low value by-product of the macromoleculars such as heavy oil, tar and coke, side reaction bring many harmful effects to ethylene production：Not only
Cause target product yield to reduce, also result in the decline of device disposal ability, energy consumption increase and cycle of operation shortening etc. a series of unfavorable
Affect；There is carburizing creep because of the migration that catalytic coking causes tube wall metal ion in another aspect boiler tube, damage boiler tube former
Some antioxygenic properties, cause mechanical performance to decline, and finally need to change boiler tube, cause production efficiency to decline, directly affect device
Economic benefit.At present sinopec is by target product：The yield sum of hydrogen, ethene, propylene, butadiene and benzene is referred to as high attached
Yield, used as the leading indicator for weighing ethylene unit economic and technique level, high attached yield is higher, the selection of the target product of device
Property is higher, and the economic technology of device is better.
In the case where raw material mix is constant, the existing method for improving the high attached yield of ethene mainly has three classes：(1) using new
Cracking technique and technique；(2) improve the coil outlet cracking temperature (COT) of pyrolysis furnace；(3) improve the dilution of cracking steam
Than (water-oil factor).(1st) method for planting the high attached yield of raising ethene needs to put into a whole set of pyrolysis furnace of flood tide fund replacing, in short-term
Interior to be difficult to reach, Chemical market price movement is fast, and investment return cannot be ensured；(2nd) kind method is conducive to improving second
The high attached yield of alkene, but the raising of cracking outlet of still cracking temperature can cause the side reactions such as the coking of pyrolysis furnace to sharply increase, and cause to split
The cycle of operation of solution stove significantly shortens, and the lifetime of cracking furnace pipe affects production efficiency, and increases extra energy consumption, and having can
Can lose more than gain；(3rd) kind method is conducive to improving the high attached yield of ethene, but effect is limited, and increased dilution steam generation
The disposal ability of device is had a strong impact on, production efficiency is affected, and plant energy consumption is significantly increased, it is possible to lose more than gain.
Ultrasonic wave is the new technology for quickly growing in recent years, using the mechanism of ultrasound, cavitation, fuel factor and change
Effect is learned, ultra-sonic welded, drilling, the crushing of solid, emulsification, degassing, dedusting scale removal, cleaning, sterilizing, promotion can be carried out
Chemical reaction and biological study etc. is carried out, each department is applied widely in industry and mining, agricultural, medical treatment etc..
Utility model patent of the Authorization Notice No. of on December 25th, 1991 for CN91210284.5, invents a kind of strong ultrasound solution solidifying
Generator, claims and can utilize ultrasonic destruction straight chain macromolecular so as to become small molecule, its defect is no embodiment, only
There are 2 data, its validity can not be illustrated, and which cannot process this kind of branched macromolecular of naphtha, with very overall situation
It is sex-limited.
Patent of invention of the Authorization Notice No. for CN01145130, a kind of reverse jet flow mixing heating cracking equipment and production ethene
Method, with hydrogen or methane as fuel, and oxygen is with stoichiometric ratio flowing in combustion chamber so as to which burning completely forms carrier gas, by water
Steam is adjusted reduces gas to temperature required, and carrier gas stream is flowed into after De Laval noz(zle) accelerates to supersonic speed and cracks section, and reverse
Supersonic speed carrier gas stream quickly mixes intensification, starts cracking.After the time required to stopping, mixing logistics is water cooled heat exchanger cooling,
The product that cracking is obtained is freezed to get off.Improve can ethylene yield by the cracking technology that this method optimizes, it is adaptable to the life of ethene
Product process.One of its defect：Reaction condition is very harsh, needs for carrier gas stream to accelerate to supersonic speed；The two of its defect：Dress
Complex structure is put, new device is needed；The three of its defect：Supporting special purpose device is also needed to, extra material consumption energy consumption is increased.
The content of the invention
According to deficiency of the prior art above, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：A kind of ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal cracking is provided
System, which raises the high attached yield of ethylene unit, and reduce side reaction, improve selectivity and the device of cracking reaction
Economic benefit, simplifies structure design, is easy to manufacture, installs and checking maintenance operation；Simultaneously the invention provides a kind of simple
Using the thermal cracking process of ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
Described ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system, including cracking reaction boiler tube, the outside of cracking reaction boiler tube are provided with ultrasonic wave and send out
Raw device, supersonic generator are sequentially connected with ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic wave distributor and cracking reaction boiler tube, ultrasonic wave transducer
Device is provided with cooler.
The cracking reaction boiler tube is at least installed in parallel the combination unit of two groups of ultrasonic wave distributors and ultrasonic transducer, and one surpasses
Acoustic wave transducer correspondence one ultrasonic wave distributor of connection.
The outside of the supersonic generator is provided with explosion proof control case, and supersonic generator passes through power cable with ultrasonic transducer
It is connected, electric energy is converted to supersonic generator the mechanical energy of ultrasonic wave by ultrasonic transducer.
The ultrasonic transducer is connected by flange with cracking reaction boiler tube.
The ultrasonic transducer is connected by flange with ultrasonic wave distributor.
The ultrasonic transducer is cone or cylinder；The end face of ultrasonic transducer is plane or curved surface.
The ultrasonic wave that the ultrasonic wave distributor is produced is 5 °～90 ° with the angle of flow direction of material in cracking furnace pipe.
It is 0.01～0.5W/cm by the ultrasonic wave sound intensity of ultrasonic wave distributor quadratic distribution2, preferably 0.05～0.4W/cm2,
The ultrasonic energy that ultrasonic wave distributor is released to reaction mass is more uniform, prevents local energy from excessively concentrating.
The ul-trasonic irradiation frequency that the supersonic generator sends is 10kHz～200kHz.
The ultrasonic transducer is the conventional transducer type such as magnetostrictive transducer, piezoelectric ceramic transducer.
The cooler is fin structure or other configurations, and which act as the high temperature heat transfer for reducing cracking reaction boiler tube.
Reinforcing reagentia of the present invention by ultrasonic wave, can accelerate the carrying out of main reaction, strengthen heat transfer and the mass transfer of reaction mass,
Suppress the generation of the side reactions such as coking simultaneously, improve yield and the selectivity of target product.Internal structure design of the present invention is simply closed
Reason, is easy to manufacture, is installed and checking maintenance operation, the various occasions of tubular type thermal response, access way can be connected to by fixed mount
Simply, application is flexible.The present invention can be used for the occasion of tubular type thermal response, it is adaptable to the occasion of ethene or chemical plant thermal response, especially
The working process of its suitable heavy charge.
The thermal cracking process of described application ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system is reaction raw materials through delivery pump, into described
Heat scission reaction is carried out in ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system, reaction temperature is 700～1000 DEG C, and product is through refrigerated separation
For gas phase and liquid-phase product.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is had an advantageous effect in that：
(1) there is provided a kind of ultrasonic heat cracking environment that can produce the uniform sound intensity, in the presence of certain ultrasonic wave sound intensity,
The action time of ultrasonic wave can be extended, yield and the selectivity of target product is improved；
(2) internal structure design advantages of simple, is easy to manufacture, installs and checking maintenance operation；
(3) access way is simple, and application is flexible, it is adaptable to various occasions.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation when present invention only installs the combination unit of one group of ultrasonic wave distributor and ultrasonic transducer；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation when present invention is installed in parallel the combination unit of two groups of ultrasonic wave distributors and ultrasonic transducer；
In figure：1st, supersonic generator；2nd, ultrasonic transducer；3rd, cooler；4th, ultrasonic wave distributor；5th, crack anti-
Answer boiler tube.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described further：
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, described ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system, including cracking reaction boiler tube, the outside of cracking reaction boiler tube
Supersonic generator is provided with, supersonic generator is sequentially connected with ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic wave distributor and cracking reaction boiler tube,
Ultrasonic transducer is provided with cooler.
The outside of the supersonic generator is provided with explosion proof control case, and supersonic generator passes through power cable with ultrasonic transducer
It is connected, electric energy is converted to supersonic generator the mechanical energy of ultrasonic wave by ultrasonic transducer.
The ultrasonic transducer is connected by flange with cracking reaction boiler tube.
The ultrasonic transducer is connected by flange with ultrasonic wave distributor.
The ultrasonic transducer is cone；The end face of ultrasonic transducer is curved surface so that ultrasonic wave is by curved surface to cracking
Based on reaction boiler tube internal emission, weaken the outside ineffective radiation of ultrasonic wave.
The ultrasonic wave that the ultrasonic wave distributor is produced is 45 ° with the angle of flow direction of material in cracking furnace pipe.
It is 0.01W/cm by the ultrasonic wave sound intensity of ultrasonic wave distributor quadratic distribution2, ultrasonic wave distributor is released to reaction mass
Ultrasonic energy it is more uniform, prevent local energy from excessively concentrating.
The ul-trasonic irradiation frequency that the supersonic generator sends is 10kHz.
The ultrasonic transducer is magnetostrictive transducer.
The cooler is fin structure, and which act as the high temperature heat transfer for reducing cracking reaction boiler tube.
Described ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system, is conducted ultrasonic wave to cracking reaction boiler tube by ultrasonic wave distributor, aqueous
Entered by the feed end of cracking reaction boiler tube with the reaction mass of hydro carbons, the material of aqueous and pyrolysis product is by cracking reaction boiler tube
The port of export is derived.
The thermal cracking process of described application ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system is reaction raw materials through delivery pump, into described
Heat scission reaction is carried out in ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system, reaction temperature is 700 DEG C, and product is gas through refrigerated separation
Phase and liquid-phase product.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 2 the combination unit of two groups of ultrasonic wave distributors and ultrasonic transducer is installed in parallel, a ultrasonic wave transducer
Device correspondence one ultrasonic wave distributor of connection.
Described ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system, including cracking reaction boiler tube, the outside of cracking reaction boiler tube are provided with ultrasonic wave and send out
Raw device, supersonic generator are sequentially connected with ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic wave distributor and cracking reaction boiler tube, ultrasonic wave transducer
Device is provided with cooler.
The outside of the supersonic generator is provided with explosion proof control case, and supersonic generator passes through power cable with ultrasonic transducer
It is connected, electric energy is converted to supersonic generator the mechanical energy of ultrasonic wave by ultrasonic transducer.
The ultrasonic transducer is connected by flange with cracking reaction boiler tube.
The ultrasonic transducer is connected by flange with ultrasonic wave distributor.
The ultrasonic transducer is cylinder；The end face of ultrasonic transducer is plane.
The ultrasonic wave that the ultrasonic wave distributor is produced is 60 ° with the angle of flow direction of material in cracking furnace pipe.
The ultrasonic transducer is piezoelectric ceramic transducer.
The cooler is fin structure, and which act as the high temperature heat transfer for reducing cracking reaction boiler tube.
The high aromatic hydrocarbons naphtha of certain oil plant, as Ethylene vapor cracking stock, as its arene content is higher, high attached yield is remote
Less than common naphtha, and a large amount of low value tar are produced, the cycle of operation of cracking reaction stove is also greatly affected, cause dress
The running technology index put is not high, deficiency in economic performance.It is the characteristics of for the oil product raw material, using apparatus above, i.e., anti-in cracking
Answer the input energy for accessing two ultrasonic transducers and ultrasonic wave distributor, increasing ultrasonic wave in parallel on boiler tube.
In order to be contrasted, by high aromatic hydrocarbons naphtha respectively on common tubular type thermal cracker and ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system
Experimental evaluation is carried out.Test carry out respectively 8 hours, cracking condition be：860 DEG C of outlet temperature of cracking, thinner ratio 0.5, examination
Process is tested using ultrasonic frequency 20Khz, ultrasonic wave sound intensity 0.2w/cm2。
Experimental result is as follows：Using common tubular type thermal cracker, the high attached yield in the pyrolysis product of high aromatic hydrocarbons naphtha is
50.78%；It is under the conditions of same process, using ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system, high attached in the pyrolysis product of high aromatic hydrocarbons naphtha
Yield is 57.98%, and high attached yield improves 7.2 percentage points, and the technical-economic index of system is lifted substantially.By ultrasonic wave
Process, be capable of achieving the normal process of high aromatic hydrocarbons naphtha, both solved a production difficult problem, and realized obvious economic benefit again.
Embodiment 3
It is all identical with other parts in embodiment 2, four groups of ultrasonic wave distributors are except for the difference that installed in parallel with ultrasonic transducer
Combination unit, ultrasonic transducer correspondence one ultrasonic wave distributor of connection.
The wax oil of certain oil plant production, as Ethylene vapor cracking stock, as its oil is heavier, does higher, reaches 500 DEG C
More than, not only high attached yield is far below naphtha, and produces a large amount of tar, and the cycle of operation of cracking reaction stove significantly shortens, leads
Cause the running technology index of device not high, deficiency in economic performance.The characteristics of for the oil product raw material, in the entrance of cracking reaction boiler tube
Parallel connection accesses two ultrasonic transducers and ultrasonic wave distributor respectively with outlet, increases the input energy of ultrasonic wave.
In order to be contrasted, wax oil reality is carried out into respectively on common tubular type thermal cracker and ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system
Test evaluation.Test carry out respectively 8 hours, cracking condition be：820 DEG C of outlet temperature of cracking, thinner ratio 0.8, process of the test is adopted
Use ultrasonic frequency 200Khz, ultrasonic wave sound intensity 0.5w/cm2。
Experimental result is as follows：Using common tubular type thermal cracker, the high attached yield in the pyrolysis product of wax oil is 49.60%, low
Value tar yield is 10.13%；Under the conditions of same process, using ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system, in the pyrolysis product of wax oil
High attached yield be 55.80%, low value tar yield is 7.35%, and high attached yield improves 6.20 percentage points, low value tar
Yield declines 2.78 percentage points, and the technical-economic index of system is lifted substantially.By the process of ultrasonic wave, heavy is capable of achieving
Normal process, had both solved a production difficult problem, had obvious economic benefit again.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system, including cracking reaction boiler tube, it is characterised in that：The outside of cracking reaction boiler tube
Supersonic generator is provided with, supersonic generator is sequentially connected with ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic wave distributor and cracking reaction boiler tube,
Ultrasonic transducer is provided with cooler.
2. ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Cracking reaction boiler tube is at least in parallel
The combination unit of two groups of ultrasonic wave distributors and ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic transducer correspondence one ultrasonic wave of connection are installed
Distributor.
3. ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：Outside supersonic generator
Portion is provided with explosion proof control case.
4. ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：Ultrasonic transducer with split
Solution reaction boiler tube is connected by flange.
5. ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：Ultrasonic transducer with it is super
Sound wave distributor is connected by flange.
6. ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：Ultrasonic transducer is circle
Taper or cylinder；The end face of ultrasonic transducer is plane or curved surface.
7. ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：Ultrasonic wave distributor is produced
Ultrasonic wave and cracking furnace pipe in the angle of flow direction of material be 5 °～90 °.
8. ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：By ultrasonic wave distributor
The ultrasonic wave sound intensity of quadratic distribution is 0.01～0.5W/cm2。
9. ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：Supersonic generator sends
Ul-trasonic irradiation frequency be 10kHz～200kHz.
10. the thermal cracking process of the application ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system described in a kind of claim 1, it is characterised in that：Instead
Answering raw material through delivery pump, heat scission reaction being carried out in described ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system, reaction temperature is
700～1000 DEG C, product is gas phase and liquid-phase product through refrigerated separation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510640761.8A CN106552564A (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | Ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system and the thermal cracking process using the system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510640761.8A CN106552564A (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | Ultrasonic wave tubular type thermal splitting system and the thermal cracking process using the system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111073679A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-04-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic quenching device and cracking quenching process |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3819740A (en) * | 1970-09-03 | 1974-06-25 | Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd | Process for thermally cracking hydrocarbons |
| CN85104761A (en) * | 1985-06-14 | 1986-12-10 | 陈超宗 | High-efficiency energy resource generator |
| SU1712389A1 (en) * | 1988-02-26 | 1992-02-15 | Самарский Политехнический Институт Им.В.В.Куйбышева | Tubular furnace |
| CN1358222A (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2002-07-10 | 纳夫塔化学股份有限公司 | Method and device for steam cracking of hydrocarbons |
| CN102899066A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Cracking furnace pipe, and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-09-30 CN CN201510640761.8A patent/CN106552564A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3819740A (en) * | 1970-09-03 | 1974-06-25 | Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd | Process for thermally cracking hydrocarbons |
| CN85104761A (en) * | 1985-06-14 | 1986-12-10 | 陈超宗 | High-efficiency energy resource generator |
| SU1712389A1 (en) * | 1988-02-26 | 1992-02-15 | Самарский Политехнический Институт Им.В.В.Куйбышева | Tubular furnace |
| CN1358222A (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2002-07-10 | 纳夫塔化学股份有限公司 | Method and device for steam cracking of hydrocarbons |
| CN102899066A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Cracking furnace pipe, and preparation method and application thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111073679A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-04-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic quenching device and cracking quenching process |
| CN111073679B (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2022-12-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic quenching device and cracking quenching process |
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Application publication date: 20170405 |