CN106549604B - Exhaust system based on thermoacoustic effect and electret acoustic-electrical transducer and method - Google Patents
Exhaust system based on thermoacoustic effect and electret acoustic-electrical transducer and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106549604B CN106549604B CN201610937531.2A CN201610937531A CN106549604B CN 106549604 B CN106549604 B CN 106549604B CN 201610937531 A CN201610937531 A CN 201610937531A CN 106549604 B CN106549604 B CN 106549604B
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- waste heat
- heat
- electrical transducer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
- H02N11/002—Generators
Abstract
Exhaust system based on thermoacoustic effect and electret acoustic-electrical transducer and method, the device include Waste Heat Recovery pipe and heat-acoustic-electric converter；Heat-acoustic-electric converter is made of the converting unit of several numbers, and each converting unit is made of velocity hooster, regenerator and electret acoustic-electrical transducer；Present apparatus waste heat is collected bottom of the tube and is placed at heat source, hot-fluid is by waste heat collecting pipe, and due to the pipe astriction, heat flow density is increased, and then heat heat-acoustic-electric converter internal working medium, the heated movement of working medium, the volume contraction in velocity hooster, speed increase, energy density increases, and Sonic heat changing then occurs at regenerator, sound wave is generated, the sound wave driving electret acoustic-electrical transducer sent out by regenerator produces electricl energy；Apparatus of the present invention are low to waste heat quality requirements, and high conversion efficiency, movement-less part is compact-sized, and performance is stablized, and material therefor economy, difficulty of processing is small, and cost is very low, are suitble to all kinds of Waste Heat Recovery occasions, application easy to spread.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Waste Heat Recovery technical fields based on thermoacoustic effect；It based on thermoacoustic effect and is stayed more particularly to one kind
The exhaust system and method for polar body acoustic-electrical transducer.
Background technology
Global energy supply in, using the burning of the fossil fuels such as oil, natural gas, coal come pushing generator generate electricity or
The traditional energy supply that person pushes directly on internal combustion engine generation power is still major part therein in today；Fossil fuel utilizes
Exemplary situations such as steam power plant, car combustion engine etc., all only some can be converted needed for us the energy that fuel contains
The electric energy or mechanical energy wanted, and sizable part energy be dissipated in the form of heat in transfer process around ring
In border；On the one hand such energy dissipation reduces the utilization rate of fossil fuel, accelerate fossil fuel exhausts speed and combustion
Expect the discharge of pollutant in use, this is undoubtedly pendulum complete increasingly exhausted today being on the rise with environmental problem in fossil energy
Problem in face of the mankind.Solar energy is increasingly valued by people as a kind of novel energy, however current solar energy
In volt power generation, photovoltaic cell fever is still a thorny problem, and photovoltaic cell fever has seriously undermined photoelectric conversion efficiency, dropped
Low capacity usage ratio and energy density.
In above-mentioned occasion, the heat of dissipation is also the energy, but its hot quality is low, it is difficult to be efficiently used.Scientific and technical people
Member has been devoted to the Waste Heat Recovery problem of steam power plant, internal combustion engine etc. for a long time, it is proposed that certain methods such as utilize waste heat
It heats, waste heat turbocharging is carried out using waste heat of internal combustion engine or pushes turbine generation etc. using waste heat.These technologies
Capacity usage ratio is improved to a certain extent, but still faces problems.Such as it can only be played in winter using waste heat heating
Effect, waste heat turbocharging are difficult to realize match with the full working scope of engine, need accumulator auxiliary drive, waste heat turbine generation
Exhaust back pressure may be then improved, is had a negative impact to engine.
Invention content
In order to overcome the disadvantages of the above prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind being based on thermoacoustic effect and electret
The exhaust system and method for body acoustic-electrical transducer, the present apparatus are low to waste heat quality requirements, and the temperature difference is from hundreds of degrees Celsius to low
It can effectively be recycled to 70 degrees Celsius；Heat recovery efficiency is high, and the thermal efficiency can be big by 40% or more；Use scope is wide, can be applied to
Various fields, the waste heat such as steam power plant, automobile engine, dynamic power machine internal combustion engine, photovoltaic array are converted to electric energy, can be supplied to a variety of
Electricity needs；Simple in structure, movement-less part, device stability is good, and service life is long, is suitble to large-scale promotion application.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution that the present invention takes is：
A kind of exhaust system based on thermoacoustic effect and electret acoustic-electrical transducer, including Waste Heat Recovery pipe 1 and set
Heat-acoustic-electric converter 2 in 1 top of Waste Heat Recovery pipe；1 shape of Waste Heat Recovery pipe is that contracting nozzle or Lavalle are sprayed
Pipe；Its bottom is open or closed, and top is semiclosed or closing, and the material of the Waste Heat Recovery pipe 1 is steel, pottery
Porcelain, plastics or glass；Heat-the acoustic-electric converter 2 is that multiple converting units 3 join end to end the serial circuit of composition, often
Next converting unit inlet side is accessed in a converting unit outlet side, and internal working medium is compressed air or compressed nitrogen.
The converting unit 3 is made of sequentially connected velocity hooster 4, regenerator 5 and electret acoustic-electrical transducer 6, is increased
4 bottom of fast pipe is contacted with 1 top of Waste Heat Recovery pipe.
4 shape of velocity hooster is contracting nozzle or Laval nozzle, and material is steel, ceramics, plastics or glass.
The regenerator 5 is Multilayer Structure 5-1, thin Pipe bundle structure 5-2 or multi-layer board and tubule beam integrated structure 5-
3, material is steel, ceramics, plastics or glass.
The electret acoustic-electrical transducer 6 is by hollow terrace with edge electrode 8 and the graphite-based being placed at the top of hollow terrace with edge electrode 8
Electret film 7 is constituted, and 7 shape of graphite-based electret film is ring-band shape, and film carrier is high polymer silk screen or wire
Net；Graphite-based electret film 7 is connected with the outlet of regenerator 5.
The quantity of the converting unit 3 is four.
The electricity-generating method of a kind of exhaust system based on thermoacoustic effect and electret acoustic-electrical transducer, by waste heat
1 bottom of recovery tube is placed at heat source, and hot-fluid is by Waste Heat Recovery pipe 1, and due to the pipe astriction, heat flow density is increased,
And 2 internal working medium of heat-acoustic-electric converter is heated, and the heated movement of working medium, the volume contraction in velocity hooster 4, speed increase, energy
Density increases, and Sonic heat changing then occurs at regenerator 5, generates traveling wave sound wave, and the sound wave driving sent out by regenerator 5 is stayed
Polar body acoustic-electrical transducer 6 produces electricl energy；Heat-acoustic-electric converter 2 is the complete loops that multiple converting units 3 are constituted, internal working medium
Constant wave vibration, the sound wave promotion electret acoustic-electric transducing sent out by 5 cold end of regenerator in each converting unit 3 are generated at work
Enter the velocity hooster 4 of next converting unit being connected with the converting unit after device 6, improve in velocity hooster 4 working medium density with
Energy density；Device jet pipe form Waste Heat Recovery pipe 1, the heat-acoustic-electric converter 2 in serial circuit and being designed with for velocity hooster 4
Effect improves the transfer efficiency of entire waste heat recovery power generation.
Advantages of the present invention：
(1) present apparatus makes full use of the energy density castering action of Waste Heat Recovery pipe 1 and velocity hooster 4, is wanted to waste heat quality
It asks low, can effectively be recycled from hundreds of degrees Celsius to the waste heat down to 70 degrees Celsius with circumstance of temperature difference.
(2) serial circuit heat-acoustic-electric converter 2 of the present apparatus effectively improves heat recovery efficiency, and the thermal efficiency is reachable
40% or more.
(3) present apparatus use scope is wide, can be applied to steam power plant, automobile engine, dynamic power machine internal combustion engine, photovoltaic array
Equal various fields, waste heat are converted to electric energy, can be supplied to a variety of electricity needs.
(4) present apparatus is simple in structure, movement-less part, and device stability is good, and service life is long, and suitable large-scale promotion is answered
With.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is apparatus of the present invention structure schematic top plan view.
Fig. 3 is converting unit schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is regenerator structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is electret acoustic-electrical transducer schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is present apparatus application schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Fig.1, the present apparatus is made of two big components, first, Waste Heat Recovery pipe 1, two are mounted in the top of Waste Heat Recovery pipe 1
Portion's heat-acoustic-electric converter 2.The bottom of Waste Heat Recovery pipe 1 can be the open or closed application scenario to be applicable in different：
When waste heat is mainly convection current form, the waste heat collecting pipe opened using bottom more can effectively collect heat；Waste heat is mainly hot spoke
When penetrating form, using the waste heat collecting pipe of bottom lock, heat more can be effectively collected.At the top of waste heat collecting pipe 1 to be semiclosed or
Person's closing form, to adapt in the form of different application scenarios and bottom.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the heat-acoustic-electric converter 2 for being mounted on 1 top of Waste Heat Recovery pipe is 43 head and the tail of converting unit
The complete loops for the composition that connects.Each converting unit 3 is made of velocity hooster 4, regenerator 5 and electret acoustic-electrical transducer 6.Each
4 bottom of velocity hooster of converting unit 3 is contacted with 1 top of Waste Heat Recovery pipe, and the working medium in velocity hooster 4 is by Waste Heat Recovery pipe 1
Hot-fluid heats, and flows to regenerator 5 by the speed-raising effect of velocity hooster 4, Sonic heat changing, the sound that regenerator 5 generates occur here
Wave pushes electret acoustic-electrical transducer 6 to produce electricl energy.Working medium transmits energy in entire heat-acoustic-electric converter 2 with constant wave vibration.
With reference to Fig. 4, regenerator 5 is that Multilayer Structure 5-1, thin Pipe bundle structure 5-2 or multi-layer board and tubule binding close knot
Structure 5-3.
With reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, acoustic-electrical transducer 6 is made of graphite-based electret film 7 and hollow terrace with edge electrode 8, and acoustic-electric changes
7 side of graphite-based electret film of energy device 6 is connected with the outlet of regenerator 5.Graphite-based electret film 7 is by sound wave effect
Shi Fasheng vibrates, and causes to generate alternating voltage between graphite-based electret film 7 and hollow terrace with edge electrode 8, externally exports electric energy.
With reference to Fig. 6, the basic application mode of the present apparatus is that waste heat heat source drives the present apparatus to generate alternating voltage output, passes through electricity
Source control device carries out electrical management distribution, to drive loaded work piece.
Operation principle of the present invention is：
Operation principle of the present invention is divided into two parts, and first is thermoacoustic effect, and second is acoustic-electric conversion.Thermoacoustic effect principle is
Compressible fluid medium is expanded when heated and displacement, heat effect occurs with the solid wall of heat exchanger, to generate oscillation
Sound wave, it is the direct conversion of thermal energy and orderly acoustic energy, that is, realizes conversion of the thermal energy to mechanical energy.Acoustic-electric, which is converted, in the present invention is
It is vibrated using acoustic energy driving graphite film so that generate alternating voltage between graphite film and corresponding electrode, realize machine
Tool can arrive the conversion of electric energy.The principle of acoustic-electric conversion can be indicated with following formula.
Wherein Q is the fixed amount charge that electret is possessed, and C is the capacitance between electret and another pole plate, and U is electret
Voltage between body and another pole plate.Q is fixed, and when C is converted, U changes.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of exhaust system based on thermoacoustic effect and electret acoustic-electrical transducer, it is characterised in that：It is returned including waste heat
Closed tube (1) and the heat-acoustic-electric converter (2) being placed at the top of Waste Heat Recovery pipe (1)；Described Waste Heat Recovery pipe (1) shape is to receive
Hold back jet pipe or Laval nozzle；Its bottom is open or closed, and top is semiclosed or closing, the Waste Heat Recovery pipe
(1) material is steel, ceramics, plastics or glass；Heat-the acoustic-electric converter (2) is that multiple converting units (3) are first
Next converting unit inlet side, internal working medium are accessed in the connected serial circuit constituted of tail, each converting unit outlet side
For compressed air or compressed nitrogen；
The converting unit (3) is by sequentially connected velocity hooster (4), regenerator (5) and electret acoustic-electrical transducer (6) structure
At velocity hooster (4) bottom and Waste Heat Recovery pipe (1) top contact；
The electret acoustic-electrical transducer (6) is by hollow terrace with edge electrode (8) and the graphite being placed at the top of hollow terrace with edge electrode (8)
Base electret film (7) constitute, graphite-based electret film (7) shape be ring-band shape, film carrier be high polymer silk screen or
Woven wire；Graphite-based electret film (7) is connected with the outlet of regenerator (5).
2. a kind of exhaust system based on thermoacoustic effect and electret acoustic-electrical transducer according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Described velocity hooster (4) shape is contracting nozzle or Laval nozzle, and material is steel, ceramics, plastics or glass
Glass.
3. a kind of exhaust system based on thermoacoustic effect and electret acoustic-electrical transducer according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The regenerator (5) is that Multilayer Structure (5-1), thin Pipe bundle structure (5-2) or multi-layer board and tubule binding are closed
Structure (5-3), material are steel, ceramics, plastics or glass.
4. a kind of exhaust system based on thermoacoustic effect and electret acoustic-electrical transducer according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The quantity of the converting unit (3) is four.
5. a kind of power generation of the exhaust system based on thermoacoustic effect and electret acoustic-electrical transducer according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that：Waste Heat Recovery pipe (1) bottom is placed at heat source, hot-fluid is by Waste Heat Recovery pipe (1), due to the pipe
Astriction, heat flow density are increased, and heat heat-acoustic-electric converter (2) internal working medium, the heated movement of working medium, in speedup
Volume contraction in (4) is managed, speed increases, and energy density increases, and Sonic heat changing then occurs at regenerator (5), generates row
Wave sound wave, the sound wave driving electret acoustic-electrical transducer (6) sent out by regenerator (5) produce electricl energy；Heat-acoustic-electric converter (2)
For the complete loops that multiple converting units (3) are constituted, internal working medium generates constant wave vibration, each converting unit (3) at work
In under the sound wave that is sent out by regenerator (5) cold end pushes electret acoustic-electrical transducer (6) to enter be connected with the converting unit afterwards
The velocity hooster (4) of one converting unit, improves working medium density and energy density in velocity hooster (4).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610937531.2A CN106549604B (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2016-11-01 | Exhaust system based on thermoacoustic effect and electret acoustic-electrical transducer and method |
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| CN201610937531.2A CN106549604B (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2016-11-01 | Exhaust system based on thermoacoustic effect and electret acoustic-electrical transducer and method |
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| CN106549604B true CN106549604B (en) | 2018-10-30 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN108932987B (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-02-09 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Space nuclear power supply device based on thermoacoustic and thermoelectric effects |
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