CN106541339B - A kind of preparation process of cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation process of cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106541339B CN106541339B CN201611049352.1A CN201611049352A CN106541339B CN 106541339 B CN106541339 B CN 106541339B CN 201611049352 A CN201611049352 A CN 201611049352A CN 106541339 B CN106541339 B CN 106541339B
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- boron nitride
- abrasive material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/10—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with one or a few disintegrating members arranged in the container
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0009—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the preparation process that a kind of cubic boron nitride accumulates abrasive material, which includes the following steps：TiO 2 sol, water glass solution and boric acid are prepared into bonding agent；Again by after ball milling after binder and yellow starch gum powder, cubic boron nitride abrasive materials dispensing, sieving, minus mesh is dried to obtain the dry-pressing material of cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material；The compression moulding of dry-pressing material, drying, sintering, the cooling that cubic boron nitride is accumulated to abrasive material obtain cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material block, and the levigate cubic boron nitride that obtains of cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material block is accumulated abrasive material.The accumulation abrasive material has more superior grinding performance compared with cubic boron nitride monocrystal abrasive material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation processes that a kind of cubic boron nitride accumulates abrasive material.
Background technology
Cubic boron nitride（CBN）Because having the characteristics that hardness is high, thermal conductivity is big, chemical stability is good, it is acknowledged as black
The best abrasive material of non-ferrous metal accurate grinding.Often powdered CBN abrasive materials are mixed with resin, ceramics or metallic bond at present
Compression moulding afterwards, then the CBN grinding wheels with definite shape or intensity are prepared by solidification or sintering process, it is applied to black gold
Belong to grinding.It is all monocrystal abrasive to be currently used in and prepare the CBN abrasive materials of CBN grinding wheels, and every CBN abrasive material is a monocrystalline,
When being prepared into grinding wheel and being ground, every abrasive material only forms a grinding sword, with the progress of grinding, the grinding on CBN abrasive materials
Sword is gradually passivated, and is crushed under the action of grinding force and thermal stress, and a new grinding sword is formed, and so in cycles, is continued
Ensure the sharpness of grinding wheel.
If a kind of CBN accumulations abrasive material can be prepared, the micro mist of CBN abrasive materials is bonded together by certain technique,
Forming certain diameter has the CBN accumulation abrasive materials of some strength.With the CBN grinding wheels of accumulation abrasive material preparation in grinding process, by
It is to use adhesive bond in accumulating the micro mist interplanar in abrasive material, bond strength is relatively low, in the case where being ground force effect, accumulates abrasive material
It is broken along micro mist crystal face, form many small grinding swords in the grinding area of each accumulation abrasive material.With the monocrystalline of same particle sizes
CBN abrasive materials are compared, on the one hand, in grinding process, the grain boundaries intensity for accumulating abrasive material is low, easily broken, abrasive material from sharp
Property it is more preferable, grinding efficiency is high；On the other hand, the grinding area of abrasive material is many tiny grinding swords, unlike monocrystalline CBN abrasive materials that
Sample is a big grinding sword, and the surface smoothness of the workpiece come out with accumulation abrasive grinding is significantly better than monocrystal abrasive.
Have at present and the report that diamond accumulates abrasive material is prepared as binder using Ludox and Aluminum sol, is calcined in abrasive material
Binder, which becomes unformed aluminium oxide and silica, afterwards to be bonded with diamond, form high intensity bonding.But use silicon molten
Glue and Aluminum sol can not prepare CBN as binder and accumulate abrasive material.Simultaneously it is existing accumulation abrasive material preparation method be all
Compound abrasive obtains slurry in a large amount of liquid-based bonding agents, and accumulation abrasive material is made by way of spray drying and is calcined again, should
The usage amount of technique liquid-based bonding agent is big, and equipment is complicated, because being not pressurized, contact surface is small between abrasive grain and particle, sintering
Accumulation abrasive material bond strength is low afterwards.
Invention content
Present invention solves the technical problem that being, the prior art fails to prepare the cubic boron nitride accumulation mill of function admirable
Material, the present invention combine ball milling, sintering process to obtain cubic boron nitride accumulation of good performance after being bonded with a kind of new binder
Abrasive material.
It is an object of the invention to the preparation process that a kind of cubic boron nitride accumulates abrasive material, which first uses solution legal system
It is standby go out CBN micro mists bonding agent, then after bonding agent and CBN micro mists are mixed in a certain ratio uniformly, dry-pressing formed pressureless sintering,
The block materials of inorganic adhesive and CBN abrasive materials composition are obtained, then sieving after block materials ball milling is obtained to the CBN of designated size
Accumulate abrasive material.
The technical scheme is that provide a kind of preparation process of cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material, this method include with
Lower step：
（1）The preparation of bonding agent
By weight percentage, the formula of bonding agent is as follows：
The TiO 2 sol 20%-30% of solid content 8-12%
The water glass solution 65%-75% of modulus 2.6-2.9
Boric acid 4-6%
Boric acid is dissolved in waterglass, can improve liquid adhesive and the wetability of CBN, while subsequent in accumulation abrasive material
Sintering process in, with TiO2The low-melting glass of boracic, profit of the enhancing low-melting glass to CBN are formed with waterglass sodium metasilicate
It is moist, improve the adhesive strength to CBN.
First by the water glass solution weighed up and TiO 2 sol mixing, boric acid is added, bonding agent is obtained after mixing；
（2）Cubic boron nitride accumulates the preparation of abrasive material
By weight percentage, the composition of raw materials of cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material is as follows：
Granularity is the cubic boron nitride abrasive materials 75%-80% of W5
Step（1）The bonding agent 17%-22% of preparation
Yellow starch gum powder 2-4%
The surface smoothness of part selects granularity after the grinding efficiency and abrasive machining of the accumulation abrasive material obtained in order to balance
For the cubic boron nitride abrasive materials of W5.The dry-pressing formed block that yellow starch gum powder can accumulate abrasive material to cubic boron nitride provides centainly
Temporary strength, complete oxidation volatilizees when high temperature sintering, does not influence intensity after the sintering of cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material.
The cubic boron nitride weighed up is accumulated to the raw material mixing and ball milling of abrasive material by formula, then the material after ball milling is sieved,
Minus mesh is dried to obtain the dry-pressing material of cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material；
The compression moulding of dry-pressing material, drying, sintering, the cooling that cubic boron nitride is accumulated to abrasive material, obtain cubic boron nitride heap
The levigate cubic boron nitride that obtains of cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material block is accumulated abrasive material by product abrasive material block.
Preferably, the sintering is that the speed first with 3-5 DEG C/min of heating rate is warming up to 500-550 DEG C, and heat preservation 1-2 is small
When, then it is warming up to 800-850 DEG C with the speed of 2-4 DEG C/min of heating rate, 1.5-2 hours are kept the temperature, heating is stopped.
Preferably, the cooling first carries out furnace cooling after the completion of sintering, and it is cold that fire door is opened when furnace temperature is less than 450 DEG C
But, cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material block is taken out from stove when temperature is less than 70 DEG C.
Preferably, the grain size of the dry-pressing material of cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material is less than 40 mesh screen apertures.
Preferably, the grain size of cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material is less than 60 mesh screen apertures.
Preferably, step（1）In, by the water glass solution weighed up, silicon dioxide gel is added, at 2000 revs/min
Rotating speed under stir 0.5-1 hours, boric acid is then added, stirs 1-2 hours, is bonded under 2000 revs/min of rotating speed
Agent.
Step（1）Formula mixing after obtained binder be liquid binder, after mix with CBN abrasive materials sintering convert
Cheng Jun has the solid inorganic binder of strong cementation.
Learn by analysis, if Ludox and Aluminum sol as binder, since CBN abrasive surfaces have wrapped up one layer of B2O3
Oxide layer, the oxide layer be difficult soaked by Ludox and Aluminum sol, while after calcining the surfaces CBN B2O3Lacking alkali metal oxygen
In the presence of compound, the Al in meeting Ludox and Aluminum sol2O3And SiO2Form the high expansion coefficient glass ceramics of layer structure
Phase can not firmly combine CBN abrasive materials.Therefore abrasive material is accumulated to prepare high performance CBN, it is necessary to consider that CBN abrasive materials
B existing for surface2O3Oxide layer designs a kind of CBN accumulations abrasive material special inorganic binder, it can preferably soak CBN abrasive material tables
The B in face2O3Oxide layer, after heat treatment, bonding agent energy and B2O3Oxide layer forms the coefficient of expansion and CBN is matched, comprehensive mechanical property
It can good inorganic bond layer.
Suitable TiO is added in the present invention in water glass solution2It is dedicated viscous that colloidal sol and boric acid are prepared for CBN accumulation abrasive materials
Agent is tied, because of TiO2Colloidal sol is easy and B existing for CBN abrasive surfaces2O3Oxide layer forms Ti-B-O chemical bondings, can be effective
Binder is improved to the wetability of CBN abrasive materials, current Ludox is solved and Aluminum sol system binder is difficult to soak CBN abrasive materials
Problem.When the dry-pressing formed pressureless sintering of the CBN abrasive materials that bonding agent will be added, the moisture in bonding agent removes completely, residual
Under inorganic constituents TiO2、NaSiO3And B2O3In accumulating abrasive material sintering process, mutually fusion low-melting glass phase can be formed,
High strength bond is realized to CBN abrasive materials.On the one hand, because there are Na in the glass phase2O and B2O3, B2O3Na can be captured2O " from
By oxygen ", glass network is entered with the structure of boron oxygen tetrahedron, the intensity of glass phase can be improved and reduce the expansion system of glass phase
Number, makes the coefficient of expansion of sintered glass bond be reduced to 6 × 10-6/ K is hereinafter, the coefficient of expansion 5.5 × 10 with CBN-6/
K is more matched, and is reduced the thermal stress of bonding interface, is improved adhesive strength；Exist in another aspect glass phase bonding agent
TiO2And B2O3, Ti-B-O and B-O-B keys can be formed with CBN at a sintering temperature, form firm interface cohesion.This is special viscous
Knot agent solves CBN accumulation abrasive material preparation process, is difficult to be soaked and realized the skill of high strength bonding by binder between CBN abrasive materials
Art problem is the unique a kind of CBN accumulations abrasive material bonding agent reported at present.Meanwhile this technique is using a small amount of special bonding of addition
The CBN abrasive material dry-pressing material of agent are crushed sieving again as molding mass, by the dry-pressing formed rear pressureless sintering of powder, obtain accumulation abrasive material.
The technique liquid-based bonding agent addition is few, and technique is relatively easy, because pressurizeing in molding, contact surface between abrasive grain and particle
Greatly, it is high that abrasive material bond strength is accumulated after sintering.
The invention has the advantages that obtaining CBN accumulation abrasive materials, which is grinding compared with CBN monocrystal abrasives
During cutting, macroscopically, which has certain compression strength, can give full play to CBN abrasive material high rigidity, high service life
The characteristics of.It is seen on microcosmic, in grinding process, the grain boundaries intensity for accumulating abrasive material is low, easily broken, and the self-sharpening of abrasive material is more
Good, grinding efficiency improves 50% or more than the monocrystalline CBN abrasive materials of one-size.Meanwhile the grinding area for accumulating abrasive material is many tiny
Grinding sword, be a big grinding sword unlike monocrystalline CBN abrasive materials, with accumulation abrasive grinding come out workpiece surface light
Cleanliness is significantly better than monocrystal abrasive.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 indicates the surface topography of grinding surface after CBN accumulation abrasive grindings.
Fig. 2 indicates the surface topography of workpiece after the grinding of 60# monocrystalline CBN abrasive grinding wheels.
Fig. 3 indicates the surface topography of workpiece after 60#CBN accumulation abrasive grinding wheel grindings.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of preparation process of CBN accumulations abrasive material, the specific steps are：
By technical grade TiO 2 sol（Solid concentration 10wt%）, commercially available industrial-grade sodium silicate solution（Modulus 2.8）With
Boric acid（Chemistry is pure）In mass ratio 25:70:5 weigh, and TiO 2 sol will be added in the water glass solution weighed up, 2000
Rev/min rotating speed under stir 1 hour, load weighted boric acid is then added, is stirred 1 hour under 2000 revs/min of rotating speed,
The liquid mixed is poured into for use in closed container, the bonding agent of acquisition CBN accumulation abrasive materials again.
（2）By CBN abrasive materials（Granularity W5）, step（1）The bonding agent and yellow starch gum powder in mass ratio 77 of acquisition:20:3 weigh
Good, the various raw materials weighed up pour into corundum ball milling altar, ball milling altar diameter 400mm, by ball material mass ratio 0.8:1 ratio is added
Baton round abrading-ball, wherein the baton round of a diameter of 40mm accounts for 30%, baton round of the diameter less than 40mm accounts for 70%.Ball milling altar rotation
Speed is 30r/min.Raw material ball milling takes out after 1 hour, 2 hours dry in 70 DEG C of baking ovens after raw material crosses 40# sieves, envelope
It preserves, obtains CBN and accumulate abrasive material dry-pressing material.
（3）The square dies that specification is 40 × 40 × 10mm are chosen, the compact density that abrasive material block is accumulated by CBN is
2.3g/cm3, the quality that feeds intake is calculated according to mould volume and compact density, weighs the molding mass of corrresponding quality, after crossing 80# sieves
It puts into mold, is press-formed, after mold is pressed onto specified shaping position, pressurize 3 minutes, release, demoulding will be after molding
CBN accumulation abrasive material blocks are positioned on SiC refractory slabs, after placing 12 hours at room temperature, are put into 70 DEG C of baking ovens 6 hours dry.
（4）The refractory slab for placing CBN accumulation abrasive material blocks is put into shaft furnace, is heated up with the speed of 5 DEG C/min of heating rate
To 500 DEG C, 2 hours are kept the temperature, then 850 DEG C are warming up to the speed of 3 DEG C/min of heating rate, keeps the temperature 1.5 hours, closes CBN after stove
Grinding wheel natural cooling in electric furnace opens fire door cooling when furnace temperature is less than 450 DEG C, and temperature, which accumulates CBN when being less than 70 DEG C, grinds
Material block takes out from stove.
(5) CBN accumulation abrasive material blocks are put into the corundum ball milling altar of diameter 400mm, each ball milling altar is put into CBN accumulations
10 pieces of abrasive material block is put into 800 grams of the corundum ball of diameter 30mm, 500 grams of the corundum ball of diameter 200mm.With 30 revs/min turn
Fast ball milling CBN accumulates abrasive material block, is poured out broken CBN abrasive material blocks within 0.5 hour per ball milling, crosses 60# sieves, under sieving i.e.
Abrasive material finished product is accumulated for CBN, fragment is put into continuation ball milling sieving in 0.5 hour in ball milling altar on sieve.It is repeated 3 times ball milling sieving, sieve
Under CBN accumulation abrasive materials be final CBN accumulation abrasive material finished product.
After CBN grinding wheels are made with the abrasive material, in grinding process, every CBN accumulations abrasive material can be broken along the crystal face of CBN micro mists
It is broken, it can form many small grinding swords in the grinding surface of abrasive material（Such as Fig. 1）.With the monocrystalline CBN abrasive material systems of same particle sizes 40#
Standby CBN grinding wheels are compared, and the grinding efficiency for accumulating abrasive grinding wheel improves 62%.The CBN grinding wheels prepared using accumulation CBN abrasive materials
The GCr15 piece surface finish of processing is Ra0.16, and the surface smoothness of the GCr15 parts of monocrystalline CBN abrasive machinings is
Ra1.6,（Such as Fig. 2, Fig. 3）.The finish for accumulating the part of abrasive machining is more preferable.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation process of cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material, which is characterized in that the preparation process includes the following steps：
（1）The preparation of bonding agent
By weight percentage, the formula of bonding agent is as follows：
The TiO 2 sol 20%-30% of solid concentration 8-12%
The water glass solution 65%-75% of modulus 2.6-2.9
Boric acid 4-6%
First by the water glass solution weighed up and TiO 2 sol mixing, boric acid is added, bonding agent is obtained after mixing；
（2）Cubic boron nitride accumulates the preparation of abrasive material
By weight percentage, the composition of raw materials of cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material is as follows：
Granularity is the cubic boron nitride abrasive materials 75%-80% of W5
Step（1）The bonding agent 17%-22% of preparation
Yellow starch gum powder 2-4%
The cubic boron nitride weighed up is accumulated to the raw material mixing and ball milling of abrasive material by formula, then the material after ball milling is sieved, under sieve
Material is dried to obtain the dry-pressing material of cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material；
The compression moulding of dry-pressing material, drying, sintering, the cooling that cubic boron nitride is accumulated to abrasive material obtain cubic boron nitride accumulation mill
Expect block, the levigate cubic boron nitride that obtains of cubic boron nitride accumulation abrasive material block is accumulated into abrasive material.
2. preparation process as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the sintering is first with 3-5 DEG C/min of heating rate
Speed is warming up to 500-550 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1-2 hours, then is warming up to 800-850 DEG C with the speed of 2-4 DEG C/min of heating rate, protects
It is 1.5-2 hours warm, stop heating.
3. preparation process as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cooling is first carried out with furnace cooling after the completion of sintering
But, fire door cooling is opened when furnace temperature is less than 450 DEG C, and cubic boron nitride is accumulated into abrasive material block from stove when temperature is less than 70 DEG C
It takes out.
4. preparation process as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the grain size that cubic boron nitride accumulates the dry-pressing material of abrasive material is small
In 40 mesh screen apertures.
5. preparation process as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the grain size that cubic boron nitride accumulates abrasive material is sieved less than 60 mesh
Screen distance.
6. preparation process as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step（1）In, by the water glass solution weighed up, add
Enter TiO 2 sol, is stirred 0.5-1 hours under 2000 revs/min of rotating speed, boric acid is then added, at 2000 revs/min
Rotating speed under stir 1-2 hours, obtain bonding agent.
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| CN106926146B (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2019-02-26 | 河南工业大学 | A kind of nanometer combines superhard micro mist accumulation abrasive material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107081688A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-22 | 江苏省江南新型复合研磨材料及制品工程技术研究中心有限公司 | The multiple grinding piece and its manufacture method of a kind of high-strength high-performance |
| CN107617983B (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2019-08-27 | 湖南兴大新材料有限公司 | A kind of low-temperature sintered ceramics bonding agent and its preparation process |
| CN113635227B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2022-09-06 | 白鸽磨料磨具有限公司 | Polymerized abrasive ceramic grinding wheel for grinding bearing channel and preparation method thereof |
| CN116903387B (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2024-09-20 | 优钢新材料科技(湖南)有限公司 | Preparation method of ZTA particle porous ceramic preform |
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