CN106532825B - Accumulator charging method and device - Google Patents
Accumulator charging method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106532825B CN106532825B CN201611042900.8A CN201611042900A CN106532825B CN 106532825 B CN106532825 B CN 106532825B CN 201611042900 A CN201611042900 A CN 201611042900A CN 106532825 B CN106532825 B CN 106532825B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of accumulator charging method and device, this method comprises: charging using preset maximum charging current as initial current；Real-time sampling charging current；Judge the size of current time electric current Yu preset minimum charge current；If current time electric current is less than minimum charge current, minimum charge current is assigned to current time electric current and continues to sample；If current time electric current be more than or equal to minimum charge current, sample current time voltage, based on can dynamic corrections voltage battery model calculate subsequent time electric current；Judge the size of subsequent time electric current and maximum charging current；If subsequent time electric current is greater than maximum charging current, maximum charging current is assigned to subsequent time electric current and continues to sample；If subsequent time electric current is less than or equal to maximum charging current, updates storage capacitor, electromotive force and internal resistance and continue to sample.The present invention is based on can dynamic corrections voltage battery model, correct accumulator parameter, in real time quick and precisely to charge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery technology fields, in particular to a kind of accumulator charging method and device.
Background technique
There are mainly two types of existing battery models: internal resistance model and capacitance-resistance model generally all secure model parameter.Thing
In reality, these model parameters are all the functions of battery status, are variable quantities, and the model of preset parameter is not able to satisfy battery management system
The requirement of real-time of system can not characterize comprehensively the characteristic of battery, so that the charging method studied based on this model
There are also problems.
Currently, battery charging is based on Mas law (MAS law), premised on minimum gassing rate, according to battery energy
The maximum charging current of receiving, in battery charging process, if analysis will be quickly reached to charge compared with high charge current
Pneumoelectric pressure, will affect service lifetime of accumulator.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of accumulator charging method and devices, are charged with solving battery in the prior art
Method influence service lifetime of accumulator, the battery model of preset parameter be not able to satisfy the requirement of real-time of battery management system with
And the problem of battery characteristics can not be characterized comprehensively.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of accumulator charging method, comprising:, will be pre- when charging beginning
If battery allow maximum charging current charge as initial charge current to the battery；In real time to the storage
The charging current of battery is sampled；Judge the minimum charge current that current time charging current and preset battery allow
Size；If the current time charging current is less than the minimum charge current, the minimum charge current is assigned to institute
Current time charging current is stated, and continues charge current sample；If the current time charging current is greater than or equal to
The minimum charge current samples the charging voltage at current time, and can dynamic corrections voltage based on what is pre-established
Battery equivalent-circuit model calculate subsequent time charging current, wherein the subsequent time charging current is less than described work as
Preceding moment charging current；Judge the size of the subsequent time charging current and the maximum charging current；If described next
Moment charging current is greater than the maximum charging current, and the maximum charging current is assigned to the subsequent time charging electricity
Stream, and continue charge current sample；If the subsequent time charging current is less than or equal to the maximum charging current,
Amendment in real time is carried out more based on storage capacitor, electromotive force and internal resistance of the battery equivalent-circuit model to the battery
Newly, and continue charge current sample.
Preferably, in the maximum charging current for allowing preset battery as initial charge current to the electric power storage
Before pond is charged, the method also includes: establish can dynamic corrections voltage battery equivalent-circuit model, wherein institute
Stating battery equivalent-circuit model includes: storage capacitor, internal resistance and polarization capacity, after the internal resistance is in parallel with the polarization capacity
With the energy storage capacitor in series；Based on the battery equivalent-circuit model, the maximum charging current is given, the minimum is filled
Electric current, gassing voltage and internal resistance Expression formula.
Preferably, based on the battery equivalent-circuit model to the storage capacitor of the battery, electromotive force and interior
Resistance carries out amendment in real time and updates, comprising:
It is calculated using the following equation the storage capacitor:
Wherein, Cb(tk+1) be subsequent time storage capacitor, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) it is current time
Battery charging current, tkFor current time, C10For the nominal capacity after charging 10 hours, I10For with C10Corresponding charging
Electric current,N is single battery number；
It is calculated using the following equation the electromotive force:
Wherein, Vcb(tk+1) be subsequent time electromotive force, Vcb(tk) be current time electromotive force, ibat_ref(tk) be
The battery charging current at current time, Cb(tk) be current time storage capacitor, Δ t be sampling step length；
It is calculated using the following equation the internal resistance:
Wherein, R (tk+1) be subsequent time internal resistance, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) be current time battery
Charging current, tkFor current time, C10For the nominal capacity after charging 10 hours, Vcb(tk) be current time electromotive force.
Preferably, being calculated using the following equation subsequent time charging current:
Wherein, ibat_ref(tk+1) be subsequent time battery charging current, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) be
The battery charging current at current time, tkFor current time, n is single battery number, ubat(tk) be current time electric power storage
Pond charging voltage, VgFor gassing voltage, R (tk) be current time internal resistance.
Preferably, the internal resistance Expression formula are as follows:Wherein, R (t0) it is when sampling starting
The internal resistance at quarter, t0For sampling start time, VgFor gassing voltage, ibat_ref(t0) be sampling start time battery charge electricity
Stream.
Preferably, the method also includes: it is based on the battery equivalent-circuit model, if ubat< nVg, then adopt
The parameter of the battery is calculated with following formula:
ubat(t)=n (Vcb(t)+Vcp(t)),
If ubat≥nVg, then it is calculated using the following equation the parameter of the battery:
ubat(t)=n (Vcb(t)+R(t)ibat(t)),
SOC (t)=1,
Vcb(t)=2.16V；
Wherein, ubatFor battery voltage, ubatIt (t) is the battery voltage of t moment, n is single battery number, VgFor analysis
Pneumoelectric pressure, Vg=2.35V, VcbFor electromotive force, VcbIt (t) is the electromotive force of t moment, VcpFor polarizing voltage, VcpIt (t) is t moment
Polarizing voltage, ibatIt (t) is the battery current of t moment, CbIt (t) is the storage capacitor of t moment, R (t) is the internal resistance of t moment, Cp
For polarization capacity, SOC (t) is the storage battery charge state of t moment.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of battery charging plant is provided, comprising: charhing unit, for filling
When establishing the beginning by cable, the maximum charging current that preset battery allows fills the battery as initial charge current
Electricity；Sampling unit is sampled for the charging current in real time to the battery；First judging unit, it is current for judging
The size for the minimum charge current that moment charging current and preset battery allow；First processing units, for working as described
In the case that preceding moment charging current is less than the minimum charge current, when the minimum charge current is assigned to described current
Charging current is carved, the sampling unit continues charge current sample；The second processing unit, for being filled at the current time
In the case that electric current is greater than or equal to the minimum charge current, the charging voltage at current time is sampled, and is based on
Pre-establish can dynamic corrections voltage battery equivalent-circuit model calculate subsequent time charging current, wherein under described
One moment charging current is less than the current time charging current；Second judgment unit, for judging the subsequent time charging
The size of electric current and the maximum charging current；Third processing unit, it is described for being greater than in the subsequent time charging current
In the case where maximum charging current, the maximum charging current is assigned to the subsequent time charging current, the sampling is single
Member continues charge current sample；Fourth processing unit, it is described for being less than or equal in the subsequent time charging current
Storage capacitor, electromotive force in the case where maximum charging current, based on the battery equivalent-circuit model to the battery
And internal resistance carries out amendment in real time and updates, the sampling unit continues charge current sample.
Preferably, described device further include: model foundation unit, for establish can dynamic corrections voltage battery etc.
Imitate circuit model, wherein the battery equivalent-circuit model includes: storage capacitor, internal resistance and polarization capacity, the internal resistance with
After the polarization capacity is in parallel with the energy storage capacitor in series；Parameter gives unit, for being based on the battery equivalent circuit
Model gives the maximum charging current, the minimum charge current, gassing voltage and internal resistance Expression formula.
Preferably, the fourth processing unit is specifically used for:
It is calculated using the following equation the storage capacitor:
Wherein, Cb(tk+1) be subsequent time storage capacitor, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) it is current time
Battery charging current, tkFor current time, C10For the nominal capacity after charging 10 hours, I10For with C10Corresponding charging
Electric current,N is single battery number；
It is calculated using the following equation the electromotive force:
Wherein, Vcb(tk+1) be subsequent time electromotive force, Vcb(tk) be current time electromotive force, ibat_ref(tk) be
The battery charging current at current time, Cb(tk) be current time storage capacitor, Δ t be sampling step length；
It is calculated using the following equation the internal resistance:
Wherein, R (tk+1) be subsequent time internal resistance, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) be current time battery
Charging current, tkFor current time, C10For the nominal capacity after charging 10 hours, Vcb(tk) be current time electromotive force.
Preferably, described the second processing unit is specifically used for being calculated using the following equation subsequent time charging current:
Wherein, ibat_ref(tk+1) be subsequent time battery charging current, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) be
The battery charging current at current time, tkFor current time, n is single battery number, ubat(tk) be current time electric power storage
Pond charging voltage, VgFor gassing voltage, R (tk) be current time internal resistance.
Preferably, the internal resistance Expression formula are as follows:Wherein, R (t0) it is when sampling starting
The internal resistance at quarter, t0For sampling start time, VgFor gassing voltage, ibat_ref(t0) be sampling start time battery charge electricity
Stream.
Preferably, described device further include: computing unit, for being based on the battery equivalent-circuit model, in ubat
< nVgIn the case where, it is calculated using the following equation the parameter of the battery:
ubat(t)=n (Vcb(t)+Vcp(t)),
And in ubat≥nVgIn the case where, it is calculated using the following equation the parameter of the battery:
ubat(t)=n (Vcb(t)+R(t)ibat(t)),
SOC (t)=1,
Vcb(t)=2.16V；
Wherein, ubatFor battery voltage, ubatIt (t) is the battery voltage of t moment, n is single battery number, VgFor analysis
Pneumoelectric pressure, Vg=2.35V, VcbFor electromotive force, VcbIt (t) is the electromotive force of t moment, VcpFor polarizing voltage, VcpIt (t) is t moment
Polarizing voltage, ibatIt (t) is the battery current of t moment, CbIt (t) is the storage capacitor of t moment, R (t) is the internal resistance of t moment, Cp
For polarization capacity, SOC (t) is the storage battery charge state of t moment.
It applies the technical scheme of the present invention, when charging beginning, is charged with maximum charging current, then by real-time
The step of sampling, judgement are with calculating is corrected battery relevant parameter, and then real-time update battery voltage value in real time, is gradually subtracted
Small charging current implements charging convenient for more accurate, to improve storage battery charge state as far as possible, while electric power storage may be implemented
The quick charge in pond and intelligent charge, and will not influence service lifetime of accumulator；In addition, can dynamic corrections voltage battery etc.
Effect circuit model can characterize battery behavior comprehensively, have higher battery simulation precision, can satisfy battery management system
Requirement of real-time.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes part of this application, this hair
Bright illustrative embodiments and their description are used to explain the present invention, and are not constituted a limitation of the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the accumulator charging method of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 be the embodiment of the present invention can dynamic corrections voltage battery equivalent-circuit model schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the battery charging curve schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural block diagram of the battery charging plant of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic generating system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, but not as to limit of the invention
It is fixed.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of accumulator charging method, quick, intelligent charging can be realized, and can use up can
The raising storage battery charge state of energy.
As shown in Figure 1, method includes the following steps:
Step S101, when charging beginning, the maximum charging current that preset battery is allowed is as initial charge electricity
Stream charges to battery；
Step S102 in real time samples the charging current of battery；The entire charging process of sample-duration, until charging
Terminate；
Step S103 judges the size for the minimum charge current that current time charging current and preset battery allow；
Minimum charge current is assigned to and works as if current time charging current is less than minimum charge current by step S104
Preceding moment charging current, and return step S102 continues charge current sample；
Step S105, if current time charging current is greater than or equal to minimum charge current, the charging to current time
Voltage is sampled, and based on pre-establish can dynamic corrections voltage battery equivalent-circuit model calculate subsequent time fill
Electric current, wherein subsequent time charging current is less than current time charging current；
Step S106 judges the size of subsequent time charging current and maximum charging current；
Maximum charging current is assigned to down by step S107 if subsequent time charging current is greater than maximum charging current
One moment charging current, and return step S102 continues charge current sample；
Step S108 is based on the equivalent electricity of battery if subsequent time charging current is less than or equal to maximum charging current
Road model carries out amendment in real time to the storage capacitor, electromotive force and internal resistance of battery and updates, and for subsequent time current sample and sentences
It is disconnected to prepare, and return step S102 continues charge current sample.
The scheme of above-described embodiment is charged when charging beginning with maximum charging current, then by adopting in real time
The step of sample, judgement and calculating, corrects battery relevant parameter, and then real-time update battery voltage value in real time, is gradually reduced
Charging current implements charging convenient for more accurate, to improve storage battery charge state as far as possible, while battery may be implemented
Quick charge and intelligent charge, and will not influence service lifetime of accumulator；In addition, can dynamic corrections voltage battery it is equivalent
Circuit model can characterize battery behavior comprehensively, have higher battery simulation precision, can satisfy battery management system
Requirement of real-time.
Equivalent-circuit model has the advantage that the math equation that parsing can be written, convenient for analysis and application；Model parameter
Discrimination test easily performs.The battery known to battery test mainly has the characteristics such as Ohm characteristic, polarization characteristic and self discharge.
Therefore, battery characteristics more preferably can more fully be characterized using equivalent-circuit model.
Before step S101, the above method can also include: establish can dynamic corrections voltage battery equivalent circuit
Model, wherein battery equivalent-circuit model includes: storage capacitor, internal resistance and polarization capacity, after internal resistance is in parallel with polarization capacity
With energy storage capacitor in series；Based on the battery equivalent-circuit model, maximum charging current, minimum charge current, gassing electricity are given
Pressure and internal resistance Expression formula.This can dynamic corrections voltage battery equivalent-circuit model can comprehensive simulated battery behavior,
So as to meet the requirement of real-time of battery management system.
Fig. 2 be the embodiment of the present invention can dynamic corrections voltage battery equivalent-circuit model schematic diagram, in Fig. 2
In, ibatFor battery current, ubatFor battery voltage, VcpFor polarizing voltage, VcbFor electromotive force, R is internal resistance, CbFor energy storage electricity
Hold, CpFor polarization capacity, Cp=2000F.
For example, given primary condition can be with are as follows: minimum charge currentMaximum charging current
Gassing voltage Vg=2.35V, initial charge current ibat_ref(t0)=ibmax.Wherein, C10Hold for the name after charging 10 hours
Amount, t0For sampling start time.
When battery charging voltage reaches gassing voltage, shown in internal resistance Expression formula such as formula (1):
Wherein, R (t0) be sampling start time internal resistance, t0For sampling start time, VgFor gassing voltage, Vg=
2.35V ibat_ref(t0) be sampling start time battery charging current.
Accumulator internal resistance is dynamically repaired with SOC (State of Charge, state-of-charge) in battery equivalent-circuit model
Positive, when battery SOC is 0, with ibmax=C10/ 5 electric current charges, and SOC finally can only achieve 68%；And if with
ibmin=C10/ 100 electric current charges, and SOC may finally reach 95%, but sacrifices certain charging time at this time, that is, fills
The electric time is longer.Wherein, C10For the nominal capacity after charging 10 hours, ibmaxFor maximum charging current, ibminFor minimum charging
Electric current.
In order to improve SOC, it should be ensured that charging voltage is lower than gassing voltage, and expression formula is as follows:
ibat_ref(t0+Δt)R(t0+Δt)≤ibat_ref(t0)R(t0) and ubat(t0) < nVg (2)
That is:
When accumulator internal resistance change rate reduces, formula (3) be can simplify are as follows:
Wherein, ibat_ref(t0+ Δ t) is t0The battery current of+time Δt, t0For sampling start time, Δ t is sampling
Step-length, usually ms grades, R (t0+ Δ t) is t0The internal resistance of+time Δt, ibat_ref(t0) it is t0The battery current at moment, R
(t0) it is t0The internal resistance at moment, ubat(t0) it is t0The battery voltage at moment, n are single battery number, VgFor gassing voltage, Vg
=2.35V.
In one embodiment, step S108 is based on battery equivalent-circuit model to the storage capacitor of battery, electronic
Gesture and internal resistance carry out amendment in real time and update, and specifically comprise the following steps:
Storage capacitor is calculated using formula (5):
Wherein, Cb(tk+1) be subsequent time storage capacitor, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) it is current time
Battery charging current, tkFor current time, C10For the nominal capacity after charging 10 hours, I10For with C10Corresponding charging
Electric current,N is single battery number；
Electromotive force is calculated using formula (6):
Wherein, Vcb(tk+1) be subsequent time electromotive force, Vcb(tk) be current time electromotive force, ibat_ref(tk) be
The battery charging current at current time, Cb(tk) be current time storage capacitor, Δ t be sampling step length；
Internal resistance is calculated using formula (7):
Wherein, R (tk+1) be subsequent time internal resistance, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) be current time battery
Charging current, tkFor current time, C10For the nominal capacity after charging 10 hours, Vcb(tk) be current time electromotive force.
Step S105 can calculate subsequent time charging current using formula (8):
Wherein, ibat_ref(tk+1) be subsequent time battery charging current, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) be
The battery charging current at current time, tkFor current time, n is single battery number, ubat(tk) be current time electric power storage
Pond charging voltage, VgFor gassing voltage, R (tk) be current time internal resistance.
For charging curve schematic diagram as shown in figure 3, abscissa is SOC, ordinate is voltage, from figure 3, it can be seen that charging
Start with ibmax=C10/ 5 carry out constant-current charges, when reaching gassing voltage V for the first timegWhen, lower a period of time is calculated according to formula (8)
The charging current at quarter, is illustrated in figure 3 C10/ 20, with C10/ 20 constant-current charges, when reaching gassing voltage V againgWhen, again according to
Formula (8) calculates the charging current of subsequent time, is illustrated in figure 3 C10/ 100, with C10/ 100 constant-current charges.Whole process is scanned,
On the basis of gassing voltage, charging current is gradually reduced.
Accumulator charging method described in above-described embodiment is a kind of current tracking algorithm, when charging beginning, with most
Big charging current charges, and then charging current is gradually reduced according to current tracking algorithm, to improve SOC as far as possible.Under
Face is in conjunction with specific embodiments illustrated this method.
1. the preparation before charging: establishing battery equivalent-circuit model as shown in Figure 2, and given initial strip
Part: minimum charge currentMaximum charging currentGassing voltage Vg=2.35V, initial charge current
ibat_ref(t0)=ibmax.Wherein, C10For the nominal capacity after charging 10 hours, t0For initial time.
2. pair charging current (also referred to as battery current) carries out real-time sampling, judge whether to meet ibmin≤ibat_ref
(tk), wherein ibat_ref(tk) it is current time charging current.If it is satisfied, then step 4 is executed, if conditions are not met, then executing step
Rapid 3.
3. enabling ibat_ref(tk)=ibmin, i.e., minimum charge current is assigned to the current time charging current that sampling obtains,
Then step 2 is transferred to continue to sample.
4. sampling current time charging voltage ubat(tk)。
5. calculating subsequent time charging current i according to formula (8)bat_ref(tk+1)。
6. judging whether to meet ibat_ref(tk+1) > ibmax, if it is satisfied, then step 8 is executed, if conditions are not met, then executing
Step 7.
7. updating storage capacitor, electromotive force and internal resistance according to formula (5) to (7), then it is transferred to step 2 and continues to sample.
8. enabling ibat_ref(tk+1)=ibmax, i.e., maximum charging current is assigned to the subsequent time charging electricity being calculated
Stream, is then transferred to step 2 and continues to sample.
Above-mentioned intelligent charge scheme uses parameter identification, corrects storage capacitor, electromotive force and internal resistance value, in real time to reach
To the purpose of real-time amendment battery voltage.Scheme key is gassing voltage, the analysis judgment item used in charge and discharge strategy
Part is related to gassing voltage, it is therefore desirable to real-time update battery voltage value, convenient for more accurately implementing charge and discharge strategy.
In one embodiment, the above method can also include: based on above-mentioned battery equivalent-circuit model, if ubat
< nVg, then using the parameter of formula (9) to (11) calculating accumulator:
ubat(t)=n (Vcb(t)+Vcp(t)) (9)
If ubat≥nVg, then using the parameter of formula (12) to (14) calculating accumulator:
ubat(t)=n (Vcb(t)+R(t)ibat(t)) (12)
SOC (t)=1 (13)
Vcb(t)=2.16V (14)
Wherein, ubatFor battery voltage, ubatIt (t) is the battery voltage of t moment, n is single battery number, VgFor analysis
Pneumoelectric pressure, Vg=2.35V, VcbFor electromotive force, VcbIt (t) is the electromotive force of t moment, VcpFor polarizing voltage, VcpIt (t) is t moment
Polarizing voltage, ibatIt (t) is the battery current of t moment, CbIt (t) is the storage capacitor of t moment, R (t) is the internal resistance of t moment, Cp
For polarization capacity, SOC (t) is the storage battery charge state of t moment.
Formula (8) is by ubat≥nVgIn the case of formula (12) derive, V at this timecb(t) reach gassing voltage Vg。
Based on the same inventive concept, it the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of battery charging plant, can be used to implement
Method described in above-described embodiment.The implementation of the device may refer to the implementation of the above method, and overlaps will not be repeated.With
Used in lower, the combination of the software and/or hardware of predetermined function is may be implemented in term " unit ".Although following embodiment is retouched
The system stated preferably realized with software, but the combined realization of hardware or software and hardware be also may and by structure
Think.
Fig. 4 is the structural block diagram of the battery charging plant of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 4, the device includes: charging
Unit 41, sampling unit 42, the first judging unit 43, first processing units 44, the second processing unit 45, second judgment unit
46, third processing unit 47 and fourth processing unit 48.Each unit is described in detail below.
Charhing unit 41, for when charging beginning, the maximum charging current that preset battery is allowed to be as initial
Charging current charges to battery；
Sampling unit 42, for being sampled in real time to the charging current of battery；
First judging unit 43, the minimum charging electricity allowed for judging current time charging current and preset battery
The size of stream；
First processing units 44 are used in the case where current time charging current is less than minimum charge current, will be minimum
Charging current is assigned to current time charging current, and sampling unit 42 continues charge current sample；
The second processing unit 45 is used in the case where current time charging current is greater than or equal to minimum charge current,
The charging voltage at current time is sampled, and based on pre-establish can dynamic corrections voltage battery equivalent circuit mould
Type calculates subsequent time charging current, wherein subsequent time charging current is less than current time charging current；
Second judgment unit 46, for judging the size of subsequent time charging current and maximum charging current；
Third processing unit 47 is used in the case where subsequent time charging current is greater than maximum charging current, will be maximum
Charging current is assigned to subsequent time charging current, and sampling unit 42 continues charge current sample；
Fourth processing unit 48 is used in the case where subsequent time charging current is less than or equal to maximum charging current,
It carries out amendment in real time based on storage capacitor, electromotive force and internal resistance of the battery equivalent-circuit model to battery to update, sampling is single
Member 42 continues charge current sample.
Scheme through the foregoing embodiment is charged when charging beginning with maximum charging current, then by real-time
Sampling, judgement and calculating correct battery relevant parameter, and then real-time update battery voltage value in real time, are gradually reduced charging
Electric current implements charging convenient for more accurate, to improve storage battery charge state as far as possible, while the fast of battery may be implemented
Speed charging and intelligent charge, and will not influence service lifetime of accumulator；In addition, can dynamic corrections voltage battery equivalent circuit
Model can characterize battery behavior comprehensively, have higher battery simulation precision, can satisfy the real-time of battery management system
Property require.
Above-mentioned apparatus can also include: model foundation unit, for establish can dynamic corrections voltage the equivalent electricity of battery
Road model, wherein battery equivalent-circuit model includes: storage capacitor, internal resistance and polarization capacity, and internal resistance is in parallel with polarization capacity
Afterwards with energy storage capacitor in series；Parameter gives unit, for being based on battery equivalent-circuit model, gives maximum charging current, most
Small charging current, gassing voltage and internal resistance Expression formula.
Internal resistance Expression formula can be with are as follows:
Wherein, R (t0) be sampling start time internal resistance, t0For sampling start time, VgFor gassing voltage, ibat_ref(t0)
For the battery charging current of sampling start time.
Above-mentioned fourth processing unit 38 is specifically used for:
It is calculated using the following equation storage capacitor:
Wherein, Cb(tk+1) be subsequent time storage capacitor, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) it is current time
Battery charging current, tkFor current time, C10For the nominal capacity after charging 10 hours, I10For with C10Corresponding charging
Electric current,N is single battery number；
It is calculated using the following equation electromotive force:
Wherein, Vcb(tk+1) be subsequent time electromotive force, Vcb(tk) be current time electromotive force, ibat_ref(tk) be
The battery charging current at current time, Cb(tk) be current time storage capacitor, Δ t be sampling step length；
It is calculated using the following equation internal resistance:
Wherein, R (tk+1) be subsequent time internal resistance, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) be current time battery
Charging current, tkFor current time, C10For the nominal capacity after charging 10 hours, Vcb(tk) be current time electromotive force.
Above-mentioned the second processing unit 35 is specifically used for being calculated using the following equation subsequent time charging current:
Wherein, ibat_ref(tk+1) be subsequent time battery charging current, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) be
The battery charging current at current time, tkFor current time, n is single battery number, ubat(tk) be current time electric power storage
Pond charging voltage, VgFor gassing voltage, R (tk) be current time internal resistance.
Above-mentioned apparatus can also include: computing unit, for being based on battery equivalent-circuit model, in ubat< nVgFeelings
Under condition, it is calculated using the following equation the parameter of battery:
ubat(t)=n (Vcb(t)+Vcp(t)),
And in ubat≥nVgIn the case where, it is calculated using the following equation the parameter of battery:
ubat(t)=n (Vcb(t)+R(t)ibat(t)),
SOC (t)=1,
Vcb(t)=2.16V；
Wherein, ubatFor battery voltage, ubatIt (t) is the battery voltage of t moment, n is single battery number, VgFor analysis
Pneumoelectric pressure, Vg=2.35V, VcbFor electromotive force, VcbIt (t) is the electromotive force of t moment, VcpFor polarizing voltage, VcpIt (t) is t moment
Polarizing voltage, ibatIt (t) is the battery current of t moment, CbIt (t) is the storage capacitor of t moment, R (t) is the internal resistance of t moment, Cp
For polarization capacity, SOC (t) is the storage battery charge state of t moment.
In addition, photovoltaic generating system is since by season, weather and time, these external factor are influenced, output power has aobvious
Therefore the intermittence and fluctuation of work can install energy storage device in photovoltaic generating system, keep the dynamic of system power flat
Weighing apparatus, and the characteristic of power is absorbed and issued using battery, guarantee to provide for photovoltaic generating system reliable, stable, continual
Electric energy.For example, the energy storage device can use battery, for example, the lead most mature using at low cost, easy popularization, manufacturing technology
Acid accumulator, the structural representation of photovoltaic generating system is as shown in figure 5, DC/DC indicates that DC-to-dc converter, DC/AC indicate straight
Stream-a-c transducer.Photovoltaic parallel in system with battery may be implemented power stabilize control and grid-connected, off-grid operation mould
Formula.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
Centainly refer to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any
One or more embodiment or examples in can be combined in any suitable manner.
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further in detail the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
Describe in detail it is bright, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, the guarantor being not intended to limit the present invention
Range is protected, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in this
Within the protection scope of invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of accumulator charging method characterized by comprising
When charging beginning, the maximum charging current that preset battery is allowed is as initial charge current to the battery
It charges；
The charging current of the battery is sampled in real time；
Judge the size for the minimum charge current that current time charging current and preset battery allow；
If the current time charging current is less than the minimum charge current, the minimum charge current is assigned to described
Current time charging current, and continue charge current sample；
If the current time charging current is greater than or equal to the minimum charge current, to the charging voltage at current time into
Row sampling, and based on pre-establish can dynamic corrections voltage battery equivalent-circuit model calculate subsequent time charging electricity
Stream, wherein the subsequent time charging current is less than the current time charging current；
Judge the size of the subsequent time charging current and the maximum charging current；
If the subsequent time charging current is greater than the maximum charging current, the maximum charging current is assigned to described
Subsequent time charging current, and continue charge current sample；
If the subsequent time charging current is less than or equal to the maximum charging current, it is based on the battery equivalent circuit
Model carries out amendment in real time to the storage capacitor, electromotive force and internal resistance of the battery and updates, and continues charging current and adopt
Sample.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein making in the maximum charging current for allowing preset battery
Before charging for initial charge current to the battery, the method also includes:
Establish can dynamic corrections voltage battery equivalent-circuit model, wherein the battery equivalent-circuit model include: storage
Can capacitor, internal resistance and polarization capacity, after the internal resistance is in parallel with the polarization capacity with the energy storage capacitor in series；
Based on the battery equivalent-circuit model, the maximum charging current, the minimum charge current, gassing voltage are given
And internal resistance Expression formula.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein based on the battery equivalent-circuit model to the electric power storage
Storage capacitor, electromotive force and the internal resistance in pond carry out amendment in real time and update, comprising:
It is calculated using the following equation the storage capacitor:
Wherein, Cb(tk+1) be subsequent time storage capacitor, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) be current time electric power storage
Pond charging current, tkFor current time, C10For the nominal capacity after charging 10 hours, I10For with C10Corresponding charging current,N is single battery number；
It is calculated using the following equation the electromotive force:
Wherein, Vcb(tk+1) be subsequent time electromotive force, Vcb(tk) be current time electromotive force, ibat_ref(tk) be it is current when
The battery charging current at quarter, Cb(tk) be current time storage capacitor, Δ t be sampling step length；
It is calculated using the following equation the internal resistance:
Wherein, R (tk+1) be subsequent time internal resistance, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) charge for the battery at current time
Electric current, tkFor current time, C10For the nominal capacity after charging 10 hours, Vcb(tk) be current time electromotive force.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein being calculated using the following equation subsequent time charging current:
Wherein, ibat_ref(tk+1) be subsequent time battery charging current, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) it is current
The battery charging current at moment, tkFor current time, n is single battery number, ubat(tk) filled for the battery at current time
Piezoelectric voltage, VgFor gassing voltage, R (tk) be current time internal resistance.
5. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the internal resistance Expression formula are as follows:
Wherein, R (t0) be sampling start time internal resistance, t0For sampling start time, VgFor gassing voltage, ibat_ref(t0) it is to adopt
The battery charging current of sample initial time.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method also includes: be based on the equivalent electricity of the battery
Road model, if ubat< nVg, then it is calculated using the following equation the parameter of the battery:
ubat(t)=n (Vcb(t)+Vcp(t)),
If ubat≥nVg, then it is calculated using the following equation the parameter of the battery:
Ubat (t)=n (Vcb(t)+R(t)ibat(t)),
SOC (t)=1,
Vcb(t)=2.16V；
Wherein, ubatFor battery voltage, ubatIt (t) is the battery voltage of t moment, n is single battery number, VgFor gassing electricity
Pressure, Vg=2.35V, VcbFor electromotive force, VcbIt (t) is the electromotive force of t moment, VcpFor polarizing voltage, VcpIt (t) is the polarization of t moment
Voltage, ibatIt (t) is the battery current of t moment, CbIt (t) is the storage capacitor of t moment, R (t) is the internal resistance of t moment, CpFor pole
Change capacitor, SOC (t) is the storage battery charge state of t moment.
7. a kind of battery charging plant characterized by comprising
Charhing unit, the maximum charging current for when charging beginning, preset battery to be allowed is as initial charge electricity
Stream charges to the battery；
Sampling unit is sampled for the charging current in real time to the battery；
First judging unit, for judging the big of minimum charge current that current time charging current and preset battery allow
It is small；
First processing units are used in the case where the current time charging current is less than the minimum charge current, by institute
It states minimum charge current and is assigned to the current time charging current, the sampling unit continues charge current sample；
The second processing unit, for the case where the current time charging current is greater than or equal to the minimum charge current
Under, the charging voltage at current time is sampled, and based on pre-establish can dynamic corrections voltage the equivalent electricity of battery
Road model calculates subsequent time charging current, wherein the subsequent time charging current is less than the current time charging current；
Second judgment unit, for judging the size of the subsequent time charging current and the maximum charging current；
Third processing unit is used in the case where the subsequent time charging current is greater than the maximum charging current, by institute
It states maximum charging current and is assigned to the subsequent time charging current, the sampling unit continues charge current sample；
Fourth processing unit, for the case where the subsequent time charging current is less than or equal to the maximum charging current
Under, it is corrected in real time based on storage capacitor, electromotive force and internal resistance of the battery equivalent-circuit model to the battery
It updates, the sampling unit continues charge current sample.
8. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described device further include:
Model foundation unit, for establish can dynamic corrections voltage battery equivalent-circuit model, wherein described battery etc.
Effect circuit model includes: storage capacitor, internal resistance and polarization capacity, after the internal resistance is in parallel with the polarization capacity with the energy storage
Capacitor series connection；
Parameter gives unit, for being based on the battery equivalent-circuit model, gives the maximum charging current, the minimum
Charging current, gassing voltage and internal resistance Expression formula.
9. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the fourth processing unit is specifically used for:
It is calculated using the following equation the storage capacitor:
Wherein, Cb(tk+1) be subsequent time storage capacitor, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) be current time electric power storage
Pond charging current, tkFor current time, C10For the nominal capacity after charging 10 hours, I10For with C10Corresponding charging current,N is single battery number；
It is calculated using the following equation the electromotive force:
Wherein, Vcb(tk+1) be subsequent time electromotive force, Vcb(tk) be current time electromotive force, ibat_ref(tk) be it is current when
The battery charging current at quarter, Cb(tk) be current time storage capacitor, Δ t be sampling step length；
It is calculated using the following equation the internal resistance:
Wherein, R (tk+1) be subsequent time internal resistance, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) charge for the battery at current time
Electric current, tkFor current time, C10For the nominal capacity after charging 10 hours, Vcb(tk) be current time electromotive force.
10. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described the second processing unit is specifically used for using following public affairs
Formula calculates subsequent time charging current:
Wherein, ibat_ref(tk+1) be subsequent time battery charging current, tk+1For subsequent time, ibat_ref(tk) it is current
The battery charging current at moment, tkFor current time, n is single battery number, ubat(tk) filled for the battery at current time
Piezoelectric voltage, VgFor gassing voltage, R (tk) be current time internal resistance.
11. device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the internal resistance Expression formula are as follows:
Wherein, R (t0) be sampling start time internal resistance, t0For sampling start time, VgFor gassing voltage, ibat_ref(t0) it is to adopt
The battery charging current of sample initial time.
12. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described device further include: computing unit, for being based on institute
Battery equivalent-circuit model is stated, in ubat< nVgIn the case where, it is calculated using the following equation the parameter of the battery:
ubat(t)=n (Vcb(t)+Vcp(t)),
And in ubat≥nVgIn the case where, it is calculated using the following equation the parameter of the battery:
ubat(t)=n (Vcb(t)+R(t)ibat(t)),
SOC (t)=1,
Vcb(t)=2.16V；
Wherein, ubatFor battery voltage, ubatIt (t) is the battery voltage of t moment, n is single battery number, VgFor gassing electricity
Pressure, Vg=2.35V, VcbFor electromotive force, VcbIt (t) is the electromotive force of t moment, VcpFor polarizing voltage, VcpIt (t) is the polarization of t moment
Voltage, ibatIt (t) is the battery current of t moment, CbIt (t) is the storage capacitor of t moment, R (t) is the internal resistance of t moment, CpFor pole
Change capacitor, SOC (t) is the storage battery charge state of t moment.
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| CN103199600A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-07-10 | 深圳市晶福源电子技术有限公司 | Charge control circuit and charge control method |
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