CN106531041B - Oled驱动薄膜晶体管的k值侦测方法 - Google Patents

Oled驱动薄膜晶体管的k值侦测方法 Download PDF

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CN106531041B
CN106531041B CN201611247314.7A CN201611247314A CN106531041B CN 106531041 B CN106531041 B CN 106531041B CN 201611247314 A CN201611247314 A CN 201611247314A CN 106531041 B CN106531041 B CN 106531041B
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CN106531041A (zh
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王利民
黄泰钧
梁鹏飞
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TCL Huaxing Photoelectric Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to US15/508,098 priority patent/US10102784B2/en
Priority to JP2019535307A priority patent/JP2020515883A/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2017/073622 priority patent/WO2018120368A1/zh
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G09G3/3275Details of drivers for data electrodes
    • G09G3/3291Details of drivers for data electrodes in which the data driver supplies a variable data voltage for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10OLED displays
    • H10K59/12Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/121Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
    • H10K59/1213Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements the pixel elements being TFTs
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    • G09G2310/0262The addressing of the pixel, in a display other than an active matrix LCD, involving the control of two or more scan electrodes or two or more data electrodes, e.g. pixel voltage dependent on signals of two data electrodes
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Abstract

本发明提供一种OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法,该方法通过设置数据信号提供两不同的数据电压,使得驱动薄膜晶体管形成两不同的栅源极电压,再通过外部的侦测处理电路分别侦测在该两不同的栅源极电压下流过驱动薄膜晶体管的电流,中央处理器通过两栅源极电压、两电流数据、以及以驱动薄膜晶体管电流公式为基础的计算公式计算得出OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值,能够准确获取OLED显示器件中每个像素的驱动薄膜晶体管的K值,改善OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值补偿效果,提升OLED显示品质。

Description

OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,尤其涉及一种OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法。
背景技术
有机发光二极管(Organic Light Emitting Display,OLED)显示装置具有自发光、驱动电压低、发光效率高、响应时间短、清晰度与对比度高、近180°视角、使用温度范围宽,可实现柔性显示与大面积全色显示等诸多优点,被业界公认为是最有发展潜力的显示装置。
OLED显示器件通常包括:基板、设于基板上的阳极、设于阳极上的空穴注入层、设于空穴注入层上的空穴传输层、设于空穴传输层上的发光层、设于发光层上的电子传输层、设于电子传输层上的电子注入层、及设于电子注入层上的阴极。OLED显示器件的发光原理为半导体材料和有机发光材料在电场驱动下,通过载流子注入和复合导致发光。具体的,OLED显示器件通常采用氧化铟锡(ITO)像素电极和金属电极分别作为器件的阳极和阴极,在一定电压驱动下,电子和空穴分别从阴极和阳极注入到电子传输层和空穴传输层,电子和空穴分别经过电子传输层和空穴传输层迁移到发光层,并在发光层中相遇,形成激子并使发光分子激发,后者经过辐射弛豫而发出可见光。
OLED显示装置按照驱动方式可以分为无源矩阵型OLED(Passive MatrixOLED,PMOLED)和有源矩阵型OLED(Active Matrix OLED,AMOLED)两大类,即直接寻址和薄膜晶体管(Thin Film Transistor,TFT)矩阵寻址两类。其中,AMOLED具有呈阵列式排布的像素,属于主动显示类型,发光效能高,通常用作高清晰度的大尺寸显示装置。
AMOLED是电流驱动器件,当有电流流过有机发光二极管时,有机发光二极管发光,且发光亮度由流过有机发光二极管自身的电流决定。大部分已有的集成电路(IntegratedCircuit,IC)都只传输电压信号,故AMOLED的像素驱动电路需要完成将电压信号转变为电流信号的任务。传统的AMOLED像素驱动电路通常为2T1C,即两个薄膜晶体管加一个电容的结构,将电压变换为电流。
通常AMOLED像素驱动电路均设有用于驱动有机发光二极管发光的驱动薄膜晶体管,在使用过程中,由于有机发光二级管的老化、以及驱动薄膜晶体管的阈值电压偏移,会导致OLED显示装置的显示质量下降,因此现有技术会在OLED显示装置的使用过程中对驱动薄膜晶体管的阈值电压进行补偿,而对于流过有机发光二极管的电流有如下公式:
其中,Ids为流过有机发光二极管的电流,μn为驱动薄膜晶体管的载流子迁移率,Cox为驱动薄膜晶体管的栅氧化层单位面积电容,为驱动薄膜晶体管的沟道宽长比,Vgs为驱动薄膜晶体管的栅源极电压,Vth为驱动薄膜晶体管的阈值电压;的值称为驱动薄膜晶体管的K值,K值在OLED显示面板的使用过程中也会发生漂移,K值的漂移也会对驱动薄膜晶体管的性能产生影响,进而导致OLED显示装置的显示质量下降,因此除了在OLED显示装置的使用过程中对阈值电压的补偿外,还需要对驱动薄膜晶体管的K值进行侦测和补偿,以保证OLED显示装置的使用过程中的显示质量。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法,能够准确侦测OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值,改善OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值补偿效果,提升OLED显示品质。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤S1、提供一OLED显示装置驱动系统,包括:子像素驱动电路、以及与所述子像素驱动电路电性连接的侦测处理电路;
所述子像素驱动电路包括:第一薄膜晶体管、第二薄膜晶体管、第三薄膜晶体管、第一电容、以及有机发光二极管;
所述第一薄膜晶体管的栅极接入扫描信号,源极接入数据信号,漏极电性连接第一节点;所述第二薄膜晶体管的栅极电性连接第一节点,源极电性连接第二节点,漏极接入直流电压信号;所述第三薄膜晶体管的栅极接入侦测信号,源极电性连接第二节点,漏极电性连接侦测处理电路;所述第一电容的一端电性连接第一节点,另一端电性连接第二节点;所述有机发光二极管的阳极电性连接第二节点,阴极接地;
所述第二薄膜晶体管为驱动薄膜晶体管;
所述侦测处理电路包括:与所述第三薄膜晶体管的漏极电性连接的电流积分器、与所述电流积分器电性连接的CDS采样器、与所述CDS采样器电性连接的模数转换器、以及与所述模数转换器电性连接的中央处理器;
步骤S2、所述扫描信号与侦测信号同时提供高电位,所述第一与第三薄膜晶体管同时导通,数据信号向第二薄膜晶体管的栅极写入第一数据电压,所述第二薄膜晶体管导通,所述侦测处理电路侦测第二薄膜晶体管的源极电压、以及流过第二薄膜晶体管的电流,得到第一源极电压和第一电流数据,并将第一数据电压、第一源极电压和第一电流数据保存在中央处理器中;
步骤S3、所述扫描信号与侦测信号均保持高电位,所述第一与第三薄膜晶体管均保持导通,数据信号向第二薄膜晶体管的栅极写入不同于第一数据电压的第二数据电压,所述第二薄膜晶体管导通,所述侦测处理电路侦测第二薄膜晶体管的源极电压、以及流过第二薄膜晶体管的电流,得到第二源极电压和第二电流数据,并将第二数据电压、第二源极电压和第二电流数据保存在中央处理器中,侦测流过第二薄膜晶体管的电流时设定的电流积分器的积分时长与步骤S2中侦测流过第二薄膜晶体管的电流时设定的电流积分器的积分时长相同;
步骤S4、所述中央处理器根据预设的计算公式、以及保存的第一数据电压、第一源极电压、第一电流数据、第二数据电压、第二源极电压和第二电流数据计算得出所述第二薄膜晶体管的K值;
所述预设的计算公式为:
其中,K为第二薄膜晶体管的K值,DataI1为第一电流数据,DataI2为第二电流数据,Vgs1为第一数据电压与第一源极电压的差值,Vgs2为第二数据电压与第二源极电压的差值,C为电流积分器的电容值,ΔT为设定的电流积分器的积分时长。
所述步骤S2与步骤S3中侦测流过第二薄膜晶体管的电流的过程为:
首先,流过第二薄膜晶体管的电流对电流积分器进行积分,电流积分器积分完成后,CDS采样器采集电流积分器的输出结果,接着模数转换器将模拟信号的输出结果转为数字信号得到电流数据,并将电流数据保存在中央处理器中。
所述电流数据与流过第二薄膜晶体管的电流的关系为:
Ids=DataI×C/ΔT;
其中,Ids为流过第二薄膜晶体管的电流,DataI为电流数据。
所述中央处理器为FPGA处理系统。
所述子像素驱动电路中还形成有寄生电容,所述寄生电容并联于所述有机发光二极管的两端。
还包括:步骤S5、多次重复步骤S2至步骤S4进行多次侦测,得出多个第二薄膜晶体管的K值,并取多个第二薄膜晶体管的K值的平均值作为最终的第二薄膜晶体管的K值。
每一次侦测时均采用不同的第一数据电压和不同的第二数据电压。
所述第一、第二、及第三薄膜晶体管为低温多晶硅薄膜晶体管、非晶硅薄膜晶体管、或氧化物半导体薄膜晶体管。
侦测得到第二薄膜晶体管的K值用于进行第二薄膜晶体管的K值补偿。
本发明的有益效果:本发明提供了一种OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法,该方法通过设置数据信号提供两不同的数据电压,使得驱动薄膜晶体管形成两不同的栅源极电压,再通过外部的侦测处理电路分别侦测在该两不同的栅源极电压下流过驱动薄膜晶体管的电流,中央处理器通过两栅源极电压、两电流数据、以及以驱动薄膜晶体管电流公式为基础的计算公式计算得出OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值,能够准确获取OLED显示器件中每个像素的驱动薄膜晶体管的K值,改善OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值补偿效果,提升OLED显示品质。
附图说明
为了能更进一步了解本发明的特征以及技术内容,请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图,然而附图仅提供参考与说明用,并非用来对本发明加以限制。
附图中,
图1为本发明的OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法中OLED显示装置驱动系统的电路图;
图2为本发明的OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所采取的技术手段及其效果,以下结合本发明的优选实施例及其附图进行详细描述。
请参阅图2,本发明提供一种OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤S1、请参阅图1,提供一OLED显示装置驱动系统,包括:子像素驱动电路1、以及与所述子像素驱动电路1电性连接的侦测处理电路2;
所述子像素驱动电路1包括:第一薄膜晶体管T1、第二薄膜晶体管T2、第三薄膜晶体管T3、第一电容C1、以及有机发光二极管D1;
所述第一薄膜晶体管T1的栅极接入扫描信号Scan,源极接入数据信号Data,漏极电性连接第一节点P;所述第二薄膜晶体管T2的栅极电性连接第一节点P,源极电性连接第二节点Q,漏极接入直流电压信号Ovdd;所述第三薄膜晶体管T3的栅极接入侦测信号Sen,源极电性连接第二节点Q,漏极电性连接侦测处理电路2;所述第一电容C1的一端电性连接第一节点P,另一端电性连接第二节点Q;所述有机发光二极管D1的阳极电性连接第二节点Q,阴极接地;
所述第二薄膜晶体管T2为驱动薄膜晶体管;
所述侦测处理电路2包括:与所述第三薄膜晶体管T3的漏极电性连接的电流积分器21、与所述电流积分器21电性连接的相关双采样(Correlated DoubleSample,CDS)采样器22、与所述CDS采样器22电性连接的模数转换器23、以及与所述模数转换器23电性连接的中央处理器24。
优选地,所述中央处理器24为现场可编程门阵列(Field-ProgrammableGateArray,FPGA)处理系统。所述第一、第二、及第三薄膜晶体管T1、T2、T3可采用低温多晶硅薄膜晶体管、非晶硅薄膜晶体管、或氧化物半导体薄膜晶体管。
此外,所述子像素驱动电路1中还形成有寄生电容C2,所述寄生电容C2并联于所述有机发光二极管D1的两端。
步骤S2、所述扫描信号Scan与侦测信号Sen同时提供高电位,所述第一与第三薄膜晶体管T1、T3同时导通,数据信号Data向第二薄膜晶体管T2的栅极写入第一数据电压,所述第二薄膜晶体管T2导通,所述侦测处理电路2侦测第二薄膜晶体管T2的源极电压、以及流过第二薄膜晶体管T2的电流,得到第一源极电压和第一电流数据,并将第一数据电压、第一源极电压和第一电流数据保存在中央处理器24中;
步骤S3、所述扫描信号Scan与侦测信号Sen均保持高电位,所述第一与第三薄膜晶体管T1、T3均保持导通,数据信号Data向第二薄膜晶体管T2的栅极写入不同于第一数据电压的第二数据电压,所述第二薄膜晶体管T2导通,所述侦测处理电路2侦测第二薄膜晶体管T2的源极电压、以及流过第二薄膜晶体管T2的电流,得到第二源极电压和第二电流数据,并将第二数据电压、第二源极电压和第二电流数据保存在中央处理器24中,侦测流过第二薄膜晶体管T2的电流时设定的电流积分器21的积分时长与步骤S2中侦测流过第二薄膜晶体管T2的电流时设定的电流积分器21的积分时长相同。
具体地,所述步骤S2与步骤S3中侦测流过第二薄膜晶体管T2的电流的过程为:首先,流过第二薄膜晶体管T2的电流对电流积分器21进行积分,电流积分器21积分完成后,CDS采样器22采集电流积分器21的输出结果,接着模数转换器23将模拟信号的输出结果转为数字信号得到电流数据,并将电流数据保存在中央处理器24中。
进一步地,所述电流数据与流过第二薄膜晶体管T2的电流的关系为:Ids=DataI×C/ΔT;其中,Ids为流过第二薄膜晶体管T2的电流,DataI为电流数据,C为电流积分器21的电容值,ΔT为设定的电流积分器21的积分时长,具体推导过程为:流过第二薄膜晶体管T2的电流对电流积分器21进行积分,得出Ids为流过第二薄膜晶体管T2的电流,在相同的栅源极电压下流过第二薄膜晶体管T2的电流Ids为定值,电流积分器21的电容值C为定值,积分时长ΔT也是设定的固定值,因此有Ids=DataI×C/ΔT。
而侦测第二薄膜晶体管T2的源极电压采用现有技术中通用的外部侦测方法,此处不再详述。
步骤S4、所述中央处理器24根据预设的计算公式、以及保存的第一数据电压、第一源极电压、第一电流数据、第二数据电压、第二源极电压和第二电流数据计算得出所述第二薄膜晶体管T2的K值;
所述预设的计算公式为:
其中,K为第二薄膜晶体管T2的K值,DataI1为第一电流数据,DataI2为第二电流数据,Vgs1为第一数据电压与第一源极电压的差值,Vgs2为第二数据电压与第二源极电压的差值,C为电流积分器21的电容值,ΔT为设定的电流积分器21的积分时长。
具体地,所述预设的计算公式的推导过程为:根据驱动薄膜晶体管电流公式:Ids=K(Vgs-Vth)2,其中,K为常数,Vth为驱动薄膜晶体管的阈值电压,则在第一数据电压驱动下,流过第二薄膜晶体管的电流Ids1为:Ids1=K(Vgs1-Vth)2,在第二数据电压驱动下,流过第二薄膜晶体管的电流Ids2为:Ids2=K(Vgs2-Vth)2,两式同时变形可得:
再将变形后的两式相减可得:而Ids1=DataI1×C/ΔT,Ids2=DataI2×C/ΔT,分别代入后化简可得
进一步地,本发明还可以进一步的包括:步骤S5、多次重复步骤S2至步骤S4进行多次侦测,得出多个第二薄膜晶体管T2的K值,并取多个第二薄膜晶体管T2的K值的平均值作为最终的第二薄膜晶体管T2的K值,该步骤S5通过多次重复步骤S2至步骤S4进行多次侦测并取平均值的方法,进一步提高获取的第二薄膜晶体管T2的K值的准确性,改善OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值补偿效果,提升OLED显示品质。值得一提的是,采用多次侦测过程时,通常每一次侦测时均需要采用不同的第一数据电压和不同的第二数据电压。
具体地,本发明侦测得到第二薄膜晶体管T2的K值可用于进行第二薄膜晶体管T2的K值补偿,由于侦测得到第二薄膜晶体管T2的K值更准确,因此补偿效果更好,OLED显示品质也更佳。
综上所述,本发明提供了一种OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法,该方法通过设置数据信号提供两不同的数据电压,使得驱动薄膜晶体管形成两不同的栅源极电压,再通过外部的侦测处理电路分别侦测在该两不同的栅源极电压下流过驱动薄膜晶体管的电流,中央处理器通过两栅源极电压、两电流数据、以及以驱动薄膜晶体管电流公式为基础的计算公式计算得出OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值,能够准确获取OLED显示器件中每个像素的驱动薄膜晶体管的K值,改善OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值补偿效果,提升OLED显示品质。
以上所述,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,可以根据本发明的技术方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形,而所有这些改变和变形都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤S1、提供一OLED显示装置驱动系统,包括:子像素驱动电路(1)、以及与所述子像素驱动电路(1)电性连接的侦测处理电路(2);
所述子像素驱动电路(1)包括:第一薄膜晶体管(T1)、第二薄膜晶体管(T2)、第三薄膜晶体管(T3)、第一电容(C1)、以及有机发光二极管(D1);
所述第一薄膜晶体管(T1)的栅极接入扫描信号(Scan),源极接入数据信号(Data),漏极电性连接第一节点(P);所述第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的栅极电性连接第一节点(P),源极电性连接第二节点(Q),漏极接入直流电压信号(Ovdd);所述第三薄膜晶体管(T3)的栅极接入侦测信号(Sen),源极电性连接第二节点(Q),漏极电性连接侦测处理电路(2);所述第一电容(C1)的一端电性连接第一节点(P),另一端电性连接第二节点(Q);所述有机发光二极管(D1)的阳极电性连接第二节点(Q),阴极接地;
所述第二薄膜晶体管(T2)为驱动薄膜晶体管;
所述侦测处理电路(2)包括:与所述第三薄膜晶体管(T3)的漏极电性连接的电流积分器(21)、与所述电流积分器(21)电性连接的CDS采样器(22)、与所述CDS采样器(22)电性连接的模数转换器(23)、以及与所述模数转换器(23)电性连接的中央处理器(24);
步骤S2、所述扫描信号(Scan)与侦测信号(Sen)同时提供高电位,所述第一与第三薄膜晶体管(T1、T3)同时导通,数据信号(Data)向第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的栅极写入第一数据电压,所述第二薄膜晶体管(T2)导通,所述侦测处理电路(2)侦测第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的源极电压、以及流过第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的电流,得到第一源极电压和第一电流数据,并将第一数据电压、第一源极电压和第一电流数据保存在中央处理器(24)中;
步骤S3、所述扫描信号(Scan)与侦测信号(Sen)均保持高电位,所述第一与第三薄膜晶体管(T1、T3)均保持导通,数据信号(Data)向第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的栅极写入不同于第一数据电压的第二数据电压,所述第二薄膜晶体管(T2)导通,所述侦测处理电路(2)侦测第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的源极电压、以及流过第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的电流,得到第二源极电压和第二电流数据,并将第二数据电压、第二源极电压和第二电流数据保存在中央处理器(24)中,侦测流过第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的电流时设定的电流积分器(21)的积分时长与步骤S2中侦测流过第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的电流时设定的电流积分器(21)的积分时长相同;
步骤S4、所述中央处理器(24)根据预设的计算公式、以及保存的第一数据电压、第一源极电压、第一电流数据、第二数据电压、第二源极电压和第二电流数据计算得出所述第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的K值;
所述预设的计算公式为:
其中,K为第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的K值,DataI1为第一电流数据,DataI2为第二电流数据,Vgs1为第一数据电压与第一源极电压的差值,Vgs2为第二数据电压与第二源极电压的差值,C为电流积分器(21)的电容值,ΔT为设定的电流积分器(21)的积分时长;
所述中央处理器(24)为FPGA处理系统;
步骤S5、多次重复步骤S2至步骤S4进行多次侦测,得出多个第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的K值,并取多个第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的K值的平均值作为最终的第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的K值;
每一次侦测时均采用不同的第一数据电压和不同的第二数据电压。
2.如权利要求1所述的OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2与步骤S3中侦测流过第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的电流的过程为:
首先,流过第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的电流对电流积分器(21)进行积分,电流积分器(21)积分完成后,CDS采样器(22)采集电流积分器(21)的输出结果,接着模数转换器(23)将模拟信号的输出结果转为数字信号得到电流数据,并将电流数据保存在中央处理器(24)中。
3.如权利要求2所述的OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法,其特征在于,所述电流数据与流过第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的电流的关系为:
Ids=DataI×C/ΔT;
其中,Ids为流过第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的电流,DataI为电流数据。
4.如权利要求1所述的OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法,其特征在于,所述子像素驱动电路(1)中还形成有寄生电容(C2),所述寄生电容(C2)并联于所述有机发光二极管(D1)的两端。
5.如权利要求1所述的OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法,其特征在于,所述第一、第二、及第三薄膜晶体管(T1、T2、T3)为低温多晶硅薄膜晶体管、非晶硅薄膜晶体管、或氧化物半导体薄膜晶体管。
6.如权利要求1所述的OLED驱动薄膜晶体管的K值侦测方法,其特征在于,侦测得到第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的K值用于进行第二薄膜晶体管(T2)的K值补偿。
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