CN106526673B - A kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography test method - Google Patents
A kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106526673B CN106526673B CN201610987324.8A CN201610987324A CN106526673B CN 106526673 B CN106526673 B CN 106526673B CN 201610987324 A CN201610987324 A CN 201610987324A CN 106526673 B CN106526673 B CN 106526673B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/301—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography test methods, include the following steps：It establishes bounce technique channel wave seismic and visits observation system in advance, carry out detection experiment, single shot record interpretation of result, more big gun record superposition of data are handled, and position of fault determines.The advantage of the invention is that：With construction in front of reflective wave method channel wave seismic technology detection dead face, it still belongs to the first time at home, it can maximum distance 200m in front of forward probe tunnel, minimum fault throw is up to the construction of 1/2 coal thickness, and the construction of detectable tunnel both sides 200m ranges, new tool, the new method visited in advance to find dead face provide new trial, and the tunnel safety driving for limestone water damage may be caused to occur by unknown tomography provides guarantee.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geological survey technical field more particularly to a kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospectings
Tomography test method.
Background technology
Seam seismic exploration is divided into transmission beam method exploration and two major class of reflection survey.Transmission beam method exploration is suitable in Yi Tiaoxiang
Excited in road and situation about receiving in another tunnel, to find out in subterranean zone that shot point and receiving point ray passed through
Geological structure；Reflection survey is suitable for exciting in same tunnel and in same tunnel receiving, to detect tunnel
Front, rear, the construction situation in the coal seam of both sides.
Slot wave reflection survey principle as shown in Figure 1, in Fig. 1 shot point be shot point, geophone station is receiving point, upper crossheading with
It is working face between lower crossheading, can the position of tomography, drop situation be analyzed, and can be according to slot wave by character of reflection wave
The presence or absence of amplitude, power judge structural anomaly is whether there is in corresponding transmitted ray fan section, while can also be by just
Often the analysis of transmission slot wave provides parameter etc. for bounce technique data processing and explanation.
Invention content
The bounce technique channel wave seismic advanced detection technology that the present invention utilizes is a kind of special case of slot wave reflection survey, with anti-
It constructs in front of ejected wave method channel wave seismic technology detection dead face, still belongs to the first time at home, main purpose is to detect tunnel
Front 100m or so tomography situations, while the tomography situation of tunnel both sides 200m or so can also be detected.Principle is shown in Fig. 2, in Fig. 2
Shown tri- tomographies of F1, F2, F3, for three kinds of situations that tomography intersects with tunnel, F1, F3 and tunnel oblique, angle are less than 90 °,
F2 tomographies are vertical with tunnel, and F1, F3 trend are symmetrical about tunnel.The reflection simulation of 2 big gun, 20 geophone stations is illustrated in Fig. 2, is led to
It crosses shot point geophone station and effective reflecting segment (dash area of figure interrupting layer) can be seen that with angle to the reflection simulation of tomography
Increase and become smaller, show that the difficulty of exploration is gradually increasing, when tomography is vertical with tunnel, effective reflecting segment is only a point.
Since slot wave visits the tomography in front of main detection tunnel, compared with conventional slot wave reflection survey, difficulty bigger in advance.
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of new tool visited in advance for dead face, new methods
Bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography test method.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned technique effect by following technological means：A kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration tunnel is advanced
Tomography test method is detected, is included the following steps：
⑴：It establishes bounce technique channel wave seismic and visits observation system in advance
It establishes two different bounce technique channel wave seismics and visits observation system in advance, the first observation system is：It is met in tunnel
5-15 geophone station is arranged in punching to the left and right lateral wall of head position successively respectively, then punches setting 4-10 again at the rear of geophone station
A shot point；Second of observation system be：Meet head in tunnel position left side side or right side side successively punching arrangement 10-30 detection
Then point punches 4-10 shot point of setting again in the front of geophone station；
⑵：Carry out detection experiment
Observation system is visited according to the bounce technique channel wave seismic of foundation in advance and carries out further detection experiment, probes into different medicines
Influence of the locality of the shot point of amount and its opposite geophone station to geophone station signal acquisition effect, and further preferably go out best
Observation system and detection condition；
⑶：Single shot record interpretation of result
Acquisition bounce technique channel wave seismic is visited each single shot record in observation system detection experiment and is analyzed in advance, tentatively
The distribution situation of inferred fault；
⑷：More big gun record superposition of data processing
Different single shot records in same observation system are pre-processed, dynamic correction, envelope is superimposed and stacked section is inclined
Processing is moved to obtain final position of fault information, and it is carried out using diffraction migration and ellipse drawing arc migration processing mode simultaneously
Parallel verified.
Preferably, the shot point of the first observation system and second of observation system may be contained within tunnel in the step (1)
Left and right lateral wall.
Preferably, tunnel left and right sides is helped in the step (1) the equal equidistant placement of geophone station and at a distance of 0.4-0.8m.
Preferably, detection experiment further includes the big gun for probing into different drilling hole depths and different boring directions in the step (2)
Influence of the point to geophone station signal acquisition effect.
Preferably, the dose of different shot points is 100-200g in the step (2), and hole depth 2-5m, boring direction is bottom
Obliquely, the locality with respect to geophone station is to be helped with lateral wall or heteropleural for plate flat drill or bottom plate.
Preferably, the test procedure after the step (2) carries out on the basis of optimal detection condition, described best
Detection condition is that can detect corresponding back wave in collected geophone station signal.
Preferably, single-shot is remembered after the analysis of each single shot record combines pretreatment with original single shot record in the step (3)
Record comparison carries out.
Preferably, in the step (4), before ellipse drawing arc offset is carried out, reflection is picked up first on single shot record
The lineups of wave establish elliptic equation, then directly draw ellipse after the lineups time elapsed time depth conversion of pickup, multiple
Oval intersection or the tangent are tomography.
Preferably, the geophone station is X-component sensor.
Preferably, the X-component sensor is connected to the seismic instrument in tunnel by data line.
The advantage of the invention is that：With being constructed in front of reflective wave method channel wave seismic technology detection dead face, at home still
Belong to for the first time, can maximum distance 200m in front of forward probe tunnel, minimum fault throw up to 1/2 coal thickness construction, it is and detectable
The construction of tunnel both sides 200m ranges, new tool, the new method visited in advance to find dead face provide new trial, and being can
The tunnel safety driving that limestone water damage occurs can be caused to provide guarantee by unknown tomography.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the slot wave reflection survey principle schematic mentioned in background of invention；
Fig. 2 is the bounce technique channel wave seismic forward probe principle schematic mentioned in invention content of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography experiment side that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides
The flow chart of method；
Fig. 4 is a kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography experiment side that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides
The first observation system layout drawing of method；
Fig. 5 is a kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography experiment side that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides
Second of observation system layout drawing of method；
Fig. 6 is a kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography experiment side that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides
The S2 big gun single shot record figures (a of method：Original single shot record, b：Pretreated single shot record)；
Fig. 7 is a kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography experiment side that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides
The pretreated single shot record figure (a of S1, S2 big gun of method：The pretreated single shot record of S1 big guns, b：The pretreated single-shot of S2 big guns
Record)；
Fig. 8 is a kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography experiment side that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides
The pretreated single shot record figure (a of S6, S7 big gun of method：The pretreated single shot record of S6 big guns, b：The pretreated single-shot of S7 big guns
Record)；
Fig. 9 is a kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography experiment side that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides
Result figure (a after the envelope stacked section of the S9-S12 big guns of method and offset：Envelope stacked section, b：Result after offset)；
Figure 10 is a kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography experiment side that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides
Result figure (a after the envelope stacked section of the S5-S7 big guns of method and offset：Envelope stacked section, b：Result after offset)；
Figure 11 is a kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography experiment side that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides
The diffraction migration result figure of the S9-S12 big guns of method；
Figure 12 is a kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography experiment side that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides
The diffraction migration result figure of the S5-S7 big guns of method；
Figure 13 is a kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography experiment side that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides
The single shot record of S11, S6 big gun of method picks up reflection line-ups figure (a：The single shot record of S11 big guns picks up reflected wave in phase
Axis figure, b：The single shot record of S6 big guns picks up reflection line-ups figure)；
Figure 14 is a kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography experiment side that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides
The back wave ellipse drawing arc migration result figure of the single-shot pickup of S11, S6 big gun of method.
Specific embodiment
It elaborates below to the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment is carried out lower based on the technical solution of the present invention
Implement, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementation
Example.
Embodiment 1
A kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography test method, as shown in figure 3, including following step
Suddenly：
⑴：It establishes bounce technique channel wave seismic and visits observation system in advance
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, two different bounce technique channel wave seismics are established and visit observation system in advance, the first observation system
It unites and is：It meets head in tunnel left and right lateral wall 12 geophone stations of punching arrangement successively respectively of position, as receiving point, totally 24, it compiles
Number for G1-G24, equidistant 0.5m arrangements, wherein G1-G12 is located at left side side, and G13-G24, which is located at right side, to be helped, then in geophone station
7 shot points of setting are punched at rear again, and as shot point, number S1-S7, wherein S1-S4 are located at left side side, and S5-S7 is located at the right side
Lateral wall；Second of observation system be：It meets head in tunnel left side side 24 geophone stations of punching arrangement successively of position, totally 24, etc.
It is arranged away from 0.5m, then punches 5 shot points of setting again in the front of geophone station, number S8-S12, wherein S9-S12 are located at left side
Side, S8 are located at right side side；In addition, geophone station is specially X-component sensor, pass through data line with the seismic instrument in tunnel
Connect work；
⑵：Carry out detection experiment
Observation system is visited according to the bounce technique channel wave seismic of foundation in advance and carries out further detection experiment, probes into different medicines
Measure (110g or 150g), opposite geophone station different location direction (being helped with lateral wall or heteropleural), different drilling hole depths (2.5m or 4m)
And the shot point of different boring directions (bottom plate flat drill or bottom plate are obliquely) to geophone station signal acquisition effect influence (refer to table 1,
Table 2)；
The first observation system of table 1
| Big gun number | Dose (g) | Hole depth (m) | Bore position | Boring direction | Receive arrangement |
| S1 | 110 | 4 | It is left | Bottom plate flat drill | Side 13-24 roads on the right side of the side 1-12 roads of left side |
| S2 | 110 | 4 | It is left | Bottom plate flat drill | Side 14-24 roads on the right side of the side 1-12 roads of left side |
| S3 | 110 | 4 | It is left | Bottom plate flat drill | Side 13-24 roads on the right side of the side 1-12 roads of left side |
| S4 | 110 | 2.5 | It is left | Bottom plate is obliquely | Side 13-24 roads on the right side of the side 1-12 roads of left side |
| S5 | 150 | 2.5 | It is right | Bottom plate flat drill | Side 13-24 roads on the right side of the side 1-12 roads of left side |
| S6 | 150 | 2.5 | It is right | Bottom plate flat drill | Side 13-24 roads on the right side of the side 1-12 roads of left side |
| S7 | 150 | 2.5 | It is right | Bottom plate flat drill | Side 13-24 roads on the right side of the side 1-12 roads of left side |
Second of the observation system of table 2
It detects and tests early period in the first observation system, shot point uses dose 110g, and 150g, comparison are used after exciting 4 big guns
It was found that the single shot record better quality that dose 150g is received, therefore shot point below is all using dose 150g；Meanwhile this
Detection also studied the influence of shot point hole depth, boring direction to collection effect, and method is similar with dose experiment, and comparison is found, 4m
The equal difference of drilling effect is little obliquely for hole depth and 2.5m hole depths effect, bottom plate flat drill and bottom plate, therefore the later stage uses 2.5m holes
Deep, bottom plate drills obliquely；About shot point with respect to influence of the geophone station different location direction for geophone station signal acquisition effect,
Later stage single shot record interpretation of result will be combined to carry out；
⑶：Single shot record interpretation of result
12 shot points are excited altogether in this detection, have collected 12 single shot records, single shot record overall quality is higher, portion
Back wave is clear in member record, and point of preliminary inferred fault in single shot record comparison after pre-processing can be combined with original single shot record
Cloth situation；
Wherein, single shot record is as shown in fig. 6, after pretreatment after the original single shot records of S2 and S2 pretreatment, single shot record
In 1-10 roads occur back wave, reflection line-ups and direct wave slot wave lineups apparent velocity size phase below 200ms
Closely, direction is on the contrary, be the performance that there is near normal tomography in typical tunnel front, S2 shot points are located at tunnel in layout chart
Left side is helped, and 1-12 roads wave detector is located at left side side, and 13-24 wave detectors are located at right side side, it is seen that shot point and geophone station are located at
Be conducive to the receiving of back wave during unified lateral wall, therefore the data of same lateral wall are used in analysis below, processing；
Single shot record after S1 and S2 pretreatments is as shown in fig. 7, find that occurring one group between 150-300ms significantly reflects
Wave lineups are judged as tomography back wave；
Single shot record after S6 and S7 pretreatments is as shown in figure 8, find that occur one group of apparent back wave near 450ms same
Phase axis is judged as tomography back wave；
⑷：More big gun record superposition of data processing
1. envelope is superimposed
Reflection slot wave angstrom in seismic phase have the characteristics that frequency is high, amplitude is big, geonetrical attenuation is slow, overwhelming majority energy quantity sets
In propagated in coal seam, reflectance factor is big, to the high resolution of structure destruction and abnormal reflection body.In reflection groove wave number according to repeatedly
In overlap-add procedure, problem reduction can be made using the method that envelope is superimposed；
After single shot record result is obtained, the different single shot records in same observation system are pre-processed, dynamic correction,
Envelope is superimposed and stacked section migration processing is to obtain final position of fault information, wherein, shot point S9-S12 is preprocessed, moves school
Just, after envelope overlap-add procedure and stacked section offset the results are shown in Figure 9, shot point S5-S7 is preprocessed, dynamic correction, envelope
After overlap-add procedure and stacked section offset the results are shown in Figure 10；
2. diffraction migration
Diffraction migration processing is built upon on the basis of ray theory, makes the playback of back wave automatic deviation to the true position in its space
A kind of method put, stacked section are " self excitation and self receiving " sections, only when interfacial water usually could be correctly imaged, generally all will
The distortion of profile construction form is brought, by diffraction migration, tilted interface can be made correctly to playback, normal construction shape is presented
State；
The present embodiment is inclined using diffraction while envelope superposition is used to carry out more big gun record superpositions to obtain fault information
Shifting carries out parallel verified to it, wherein, shot point S9-S12 single shot records directly carry out the result after diffraction migration after pretreatment
As shown in figure 11, CH-F1 is position of fault in figure；After shot point S5-S7 single shot records directly carry out diffraction migration after pretreatment
Result it is as shown in figure 12, in figure CH-F2 be position of fault；
3. ellipse drawing arc deviates
The present embodiment also carries out parallel verified, the principle of ellipse drawing arc offset using ellipse drawing arc migration processing method simultaneously
Consistent with diffraction migration principle, only the different from offset object, before ellipse drawing arc offset is carried out, remembers in single-shot first
The lineups of back wave are picked up in record, elliptic equation is established after the lineups time elapsed time depth conversion of pickup, directly draws
Going out ellipse, multiple ellipse intersections or the tangent are tomography, wherein, shot point S11 picks up reflection with shot point S6 single shot records
Wave lineups are as shown in figure 13；The back wave ellipse drawing arc migration result that shot point S11 and shot point S6 single-shots are picked up is as shown in figure 14,
CH-F1, CH-F2 are position of fault in figure.
Interpretation of result：In comparative analysis step (4) three kinds of processing methods obtain as a result, being divided in conjunction with geologic information
Analysis, the detection of this slot wave explains that two tomography CH-F1 and CH-F2, CH-F1 meet head on about 82.7m apart from tunnel altogether, due to processed
The time and depth transfer of journey, can be there are certain error, error about 5-10m, then through drilling verification, actual bit using estimated speed
Put error about 4m；Tomography CH-F2 distances are met head on 188.2m, error about 10-15m；In the drop Main Basiss single shot record of tomography
The power of reflected energy, reflection line-ups feature in stacked section judge, thus it is speculated that about 2/3 coal of CH-F1 fault throws
Thickness, practical drop are bigger than estimated drop, and about 1/2 coal of CH-F2 fault throws is thick.
Conclusion：
The application that this bounce technique channel wave seismic dead face is visited in advance, the new tool visited in advance for searching dead face,
New method provides new trial；By comparative analysis, determine that second of observation system is suitble to be more suitable for my ore deposit, dose 150g,
Hole depth 2.5m, boring direction bottom plate obliquely, wherein, shot point with respect to geophone station position be with lateral wall it is best；Experiments have shown that reflection
Method channel wave seismic dead face visit in advance technology can maximum distance 200m in front of forward probe tunnel, minimum fault throw is up to 1/
The construction of 2 coals thickness, and the construction of detectable tunnel both sides 200m ranges.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography test method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
⑴：It establishes bounce technique channel wave seismic and visits observation system in advance
It establishes two different bounce technique channel wave seismics and visits observation system in advance, the first observation system is：It meets head in tunnel position
5-15 geophone station is arranged in punching to the left and right lateral wall put successively respectively, then punches 4-10 big gun of setting again at the rear of geophone station
Point；Second of observation system be：Meet head in tunnel position left side side or right side side successively punching arrangement 10-30 geophone station,
Then 4-10 shot point of setting is punched again in the front of geophone station；
⑵：Carry out detection experiment
Observation system is visited according to the bounce technique channel wave seismic of foundation in advance and carries out further detection experiment, probes into different doses
Influence of the locality of shot point and its opposite geophone station to geophone station signal acquisition effect, and further preferably go out best observation
System and detection condition；
⑶：Single shot record interpretation of result
Acquisition bounce technique channel wave seismic is visited each single shot record in observation system detection experiment and is analyzed in advance, preliminary to infer
The distribution situation of tomography；
⑷：More big gun record superposition of data processing
Different single shot records in same observation system are pre-processed, at dynamic correction, envelope superposition and stacked section offset
Reason using diffraction migration carries out it with ellipse drawing arc migration processing mode parallel simultaneously with obtaining final position of fault information
Verification.
2. bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography test method according to claim 1, feature exist
In the shot point of the first observation system and second of observation system may be contained within the left and right lateral wall in tunnel in the step (1).
3. bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography test method according to claim 1, feature exist
In, tunnel left and right sides is helped in the step (1) the equal equidistant placement of geophone station and at a distance of 0.4-0.8m.
4. bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography test method according to claim 1, feature exist
In the middle detection experiment of the step (2) further includes the shot point for probing into different drilling hole depths and different boring directions to geophone station letter
The influence of number collection effect.
5. bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography test method according to claim 4, feature exist
In the dose of different shot points is 100-200g in the step (2), and hole depth 2-5m, boring direction is bottom plate flat drill or bottom plate
Obliquely, it is to be helped with lateral wall or heteropleural with respect to the locality of geophone station.
6. bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography test method according to claim 1, feature exist
In the test procedure after the step (2) carries out on the basis of optimal detection condition, and the optimal detection condition is adopts
Corresponding back wave can be detected in the geophone station signal collected.
7. bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography test method according to claim 1, feature exist
In single shot record compares progress after the analysis of each single shot record combines pretreatment with original single shot record in the step (3).
8. bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography test method according to claim 1, feature exist
In in the step (4), before ellipse drawing arc offset is carried out, the lineups of pickup back wave, are picked up first on single shot record
Take lineups time elapsed time depth conversion after establish elliptic equation, then directly draw ellipse, it is multiple ellipse intersections or
The tangent is tomography.
9. according to any bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography test methods of claim 1-8,
It is characterized in that, the geophone station is X-component sensor.
10. bounce technique seam seismic exploration Roadway Leading Prospecting tomography test method according to claim 9, feature exist
In the X-component sensor is connected to the seismic instrument in tunnel by data line.
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| CN108931812B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2019-11-01 | 河南理工大学 | A method of deformation coal is known based on mutually sentencing in transmission beam method slot wave angstrom |
| CN108828653A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-11-16 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of earthquake transmission channel wave survey method for highly gassy mine |
| CN110988982A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 山东唐口煤业有限公司 | Earthquake CT detection arrangement method for coal mine tunneling roadway |
| CN111158050B (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2022-07-05 | 中铁工程服务有限公司 | Data acquisition system and method and tunnel seismic wave advanced prediction method |
| CN111399030A (en) * | 2020-02-29 | 2020-07-10 | 山西晋煤集团技术研究院有限责任公司 | Mine roadway slot wave distributed advanced detection system and method |
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