CN103163555B - Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method - Google Patents
Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method, this Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method comprises carries out relative amplitude preserved processing to seismic data; Utilize this seismic data carrying out relative amplitude preserved processing, describe distributional pattern and the scope of sand body; The echo amplitude of AVO earthquake prestack road collection and geophone offset analysis are detected to the gas-bearing property of this sand body of description; The gas-bearing property of this sand body of description can be detected the distribution characteristics analysis of frequency field to elasticity energy, plasticity; And carry out reflection wave Multiparameter to detect the gas-bearing property of this sand body described.It is low that this Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method solves drilling success in prior art, the problem such as utilize seismic data single attribute recognition effect undesirable, has drilling success high, widely used advantage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gas pool identification technology, particularly relate to a kind of Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method.
Background technology
Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification principle, based on the reflectance signature that gas reservoir is formed on seismic data, mainly by " bright spot " gas finding, last century, the eighties achieved good effect in natural gas exploration and development, probing well location is directly provided by Seismic reflection character, identification for shallow-middle gas reservoir have found an approach, directs the exploration of rock gas at that time.But cause the formation of earthquake " bright spot " to control by many factors, find gas drilled hole success ratio by " bright spot " and be only 60-70%, also have the drilling success of 30-40% to have much room for improvement.Research shows, single " bright spot " gas finding technology in the past can only for the gas finding of lithology sandstone, the subject matter that this technology exists is: particular lithologic (grey matter, coal seam) and thick-layer water sand can be formed " bright spot " in the earth formation equally, are easily explored house and think gas reservoir by mistake; Recently explorationist also uses for reference the technology of oil prospecting simultaneously, introduces some seismic properties (amplitude, frequency), achieves certain effect.But single seismic data has multi-solution, therefore, utilize single attribute effect neither be very desirable.In order to identify true and false gas reservoir, solving in the urgent need to new gas pool identification technology, improving probing success ratio further.And Present Domestic is outer little for this sand body of middle-shallow layer area, single sand body reserves are little, but output is high and have gassiness " bright spot " gas in flakes and also do not cause enough attention, we have invented a kind of new Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method for this reason, solve above technical matters.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method improving the accuracy of gas pool identification.
Object of the present invention realizes by following technical measures:
The method comprises the steps:
A. relative amplitude preserved processing is carried out to seismic data;
B. utilize this seismic data carrying out relative amplitude preserved processing, describe distributional pattern and the scope of sand body;
C. the echo amplitude of AVO earthquake prestack road collection and geophone offset analysis are detected to the gas-bearing property of this sand body of description;
D. can detect the gas-bearing property of this sand body of description the distribution characteristics analysis of frequency field to elasticity energy, plasticity; And
Carry out reflection wave Multiparameter to detect the gas-bearing property of this sand body described.
Object of the present invention also realizes by following technical measures:
Seismic data is being carried out in the step of relative amplitude preserved processing, eliminate the amplitude variations caused by factor had nothing to do with reflecting interface, make the reflection amplitude after process only relevant with the reflection coefficient of this reflecting interface, utilize the relative change of this echo amplitude to the change of this reflecting interface He this reflection coefficient of reflecting underground.
In the description distributional pattern of sand body and the step of scope, utilize this seismic data carrying out relative amplitude preserved processing, by earthquake FORWARD AND INVERSE PROBLEMS, demarcate the Seismic reflection character of gas reservoir, from point, line, surface to body, sand body spatial description is carried out to this sand body.
In the step of gas-bearing property detecting this sand body described, being carried out the gas-bearing property of predicting formation by the echo amplitude of AVO earthquake prestack road collection and geophone offset relation, by asking for the elastic parameter of rock, differentiating lithology and pore filling thing, searching natural gas pool.
In the step can analyzed in the distribution characteristics of frequency field elasticity energy, plasticity, by the spectral conversion of seismic signal in a short time-window to frequency field, again this elasticity can be decomposed in frequency field with this plasticity, calculate the ratio shared by plasticity energy in seismic energy.
In the step of carrying out reflection wave Multiparameter, instantaneous phase, instantaneous frequency values and instantaneous amplitude is utilized to identify.
After this Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method is also included in the step of the gas-bearing property of this sand body that the plurality of detection describes, comprehensive utilization AVO earthquake prestack road collection and geophone offset relation, this elasticity energy and this plasticity can carry out comprehensive discrimination in the distribution characteristics of frequency field and reflection wave Multiparameter to this sand body described.
Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method in the present invention, by synthetic geology research such as structural attitude, gas source condition, the combinations of storage lid, implements zone resource potential, preferred exploratory development Favorable Zones; Reasonable dismissal is made to all kinds of seismic reflecting anomaly, improves the accuracy of gas pool identification.Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method in the present invention, mainly utilizes the feature of Middle-shallow Buried Gases on seismic data, proposes the relative amplitude preserved processing technology of seismic data, with the reflectance signature of outstanding gas reservoir.Utilize earthquake FORWARD AND INVERSE PROBLEMS technology, sum up gas reservoir reflectance signature, establish the describing method of a set of sand body from point, line, surface to body,
On this basis, set up out a set of based on bright point technique, utilize the multiparameters such as AVO, energy absorption, elastic plastics characteristic and Fractal to identify sand body, to identify true and false gas reservoir, success ratio brings up to 90% by original 60-70%.Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method in the present invention is with a wide range of applications, and can increase substantially gas drilled hole success ratio.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification embodiment of the method for the present invention.
Embodiment
For making above and other object of the present invention, feature and advantage can become apparent, cited below particularly go out preferred embodiment, and coordinate institute's accompanying drawings, be described in detail below.
By the research to Middle-shallow Buried Gases Reservoir model, sum up Middle-shallow Buried Gases and be mainly distributed in raised band, zone of fracture and slope belt three-favour zone.As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method of the present invention.In step 101, relative amplitude preserved processing is carried out to seismic data, the object of this step eliminates the amplitude variations caused by factor had nothing to do with reflecting interface, make the reflection amplitude after Recovery processing only relevant with the reflection coefficient of reflecting interface, utilize the relative change of echo amplitude to reflect the reflecting interface of underground, the change of reflection coefficient.Flow process enters into step 102.
In step 102, utilize guarantor's width seismic data of process, by earthquake FORWARD AND INVERSE PROBLEMS, demarcate the Seismic reflection character of gas reservoir, from point, line, surface to body, sand body spatial description is carried out to sand body, describe distributional pattern and the scope of sand body.Flow process enters into step 103.
In step 103, detect the sand body whether gassiness described, the several method mainly through in step 103-1, step 103-2 and step 103-3:
In step 103-1, carry out the gas-bearing property of predicting formation mainly through the echo amplitude of AVO earthquake prestack road collection and geophone offset relation, by asking for the elastic parameter of rock, differentiating lithology and pore filling thing, directly finding natural gas pool to reach.Flow process enters into step 104.
In step 103-2, can analyze in the distribution characteristics of frequency field elasticity energy, plasticity.Theory of elasticity is thought: for the ripple that frequency is identical, and rock of different nature is different to its absorption coefficient, the rock of the same race that factor of porosity is different, absorption coefficient is by difference, the rock of the same race that factor of porosity is identical, if contained fluid properties is different in its hole, absorption coefficient is also by difference.In frequency field, elasticity often can have a non-gaussian distribution we be referred to as the spectrum signature of " feature distribution ", plasticity then often can have Gaussian distribution
Spectrum signature.
By analyzing in the distribution characteristics of frequency field elasticity energy, plasticity, think and there is certain difference between the two spectrum signature, and this difference can provide foundation for oil and gas detection, thus establish the frequency domain decomposition technology of a set of elastic and plastic properties energy.Concrete grammar is that the spectrum utilization mathematical method of seismic signal in a short time-window is transformed into frequency field, then utilize statistical method plasticity can be decomposed in frequency field with elasticity, the ratio etc. that can calculate in seismic energy shared by plasticity energy can reflect the parameter of oil gas characteristic.Due to usual after gassiness seismic wave energy can show stronger plastic behavior, therefore utilize plasticity can distribution characteristics and measurable favourable gassiness region.Flow process enters into step 104.
In step 103-3, carry out reflection wave Multiparameter, identify true and false gas reservoir.Containing oil gas in reservoir, must cause the change of reservoir characteristic, thus cause the dynamics of ripple and kinematics character to change, this detects the basis of oil gas just by seismologic parameter analysis.Facts have proved, when after the oily of stratum, its instantaneous phase and instantaneous frequency values reduce, and instantaneous amplitude also will change, and bands of a spectrum move to low frequency direction simultaneously, and occur that obvious frequency spectrum is low in gas boundaries and move, corresponding dominant frequency also will move to low side.Mainly utilize three winks (instantaneous amplitude, instantaneous frequency and instantaneous phase) to come identification, thus identify true and false gas reservoir.Flow process enters into step 104.
In step 104, comprehensive utilization AVO earthquake prestack road collection and geophone offset relation, elastic plastics characteristic carry out comprehensive discrimination in the distribution characteristics of frequency field and reflection wave Multiparameter to the sand body described.Flow process terminates.
In a word, Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method in the present invention mainly utilizes the distinctive reflectance signature of Middle-shallow Buried Gases in earthquake " strong amplitude, low frequency, reversal of poles " to identify sand body, utilize time slice, three-dimensional visualization is described sand body, finally utilize the technology such as AVO, energy absorption, elastic plastics characteristic and reflection wave multiparameter to carry out comprehensive discrimination to gas sand body, identify true and false gas reservoir.
Claims (7)
1. Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method, is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
A. relative amplitude preserved processing is carried out to seismic data;
B. utilize this seismic data carrying out relative amplitude preserved processing, describe distributional pattern and the scope of sand body;
C. the echo amplitude of the change earthquake prestack road collection of amplitude offset distance and geophone offset analysis are detected to the gas-bearing property of this sand body of description;
D. can detect the gas-bearing property of this sand body of description the distribution characteristics analysis of frequency field to elasticity energy, plasticity; And
Carry out reflection wave Multiparameter to detect the gas-bearing property of this sand body described.
2. Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, to in the step of a, eliminate the amplitude variations caused by factor had nothing to do with reflecting interface, make the reflection amplitude after process only relevant with the reflection coefficient of this reflecting interface, utilize the relative change of this echo amplitude to the change of this reflecting interface He this reflection coefficient of reflecting underground.
3. Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the step of b, utilize this seismic data carrying out relative amplitude preserved processing, by earthquake FORWARD AND INVERSE PROBLEMS, demarcate the Seismic reflection character of gas reservoir, from point, line, surface to body, sand body spatial description is carried out to this sand body.
4. Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step c, the gas-bearing property of predicting formation is carried out by the echo amplitude of the change earthquake prestack road collection of amplitude offset distance and geophone offset relation, by asking for the elastic parameter of rock, differentiate lithology and pore filling thing, find natural gas pool.
5. Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, can detect in the gas-bearing property of this sand body of description the distribution characteristics analysis of frequency field in Step d to elasticity energy, plasticity, by the spectral conversion of seismic signal in a short time-window to frequency field, again this elasticity can be decomposed in frequency field with this plasticity, calculate the ratio shared by plasticity energy in seismic energy.
6. Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, Step d carry out reflection wave Multiparameter with detect describe this sand body gas-bearing property in, utilize instantaneous phase, instantaneous frequency values and instantaneous amplitude to identify.
7. Middle-shallow Buried Gases gas pool identification method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, after the method is also included in the step of the gas-bearing property of this sand body that the plurality of detection describes, change earthquake prestack road collection and geophone offset relation, this elasticity energy and this plasticity of comprehensive utilization amplitude offset distance can carry out comprehensive discrimination in the distribution characteristics of frequency field and reflection wave Multiparameter to this sand body described.
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| CN106371151B (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2019-09-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | It is a kind of to sentence the method and device for knowing genetic types of natural gas |
| CN109946757A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-06-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The method for describing the poly- scattered Filling process of viscous crude-METHOD OF SHALLOW GAS RESERVOIRS dynamic |
| CN112835096B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2023-09-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Gas layer identification method and device |
| CN114428368B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2024-01-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Shallow layer 'bright spot' gas distribution fine characterization method |
| CN113031068B (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-05-27 | 浙江大学 | Reflection coefficient accurate base tracking prestack seismic inversion method |
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Inventor after: Li Wentao Inventor after: Sun Yuanfeng Inventor after: Feng Weiguang Inventor after: Duan Haifeng Inventor after: Liu Xiaoli Inventor after: Yu Lan Inventor after: Song Haiyan Inventor after: Li Xiaojun Inventor after: Jiao Tingting Inventor after: Chen Xuhui Inventor after: Li Chenyi Inventor after: Liu Hua Inventor after: Gao Yang Inventor after: Guo Jin Inventor after: Lei Liqing Inventor before: Li Wentao Inventor before: Li Xiaojun Inventor before: Jiao Tingting Inventor before: Han Ying Inventor before: Chen Xuhui Inventor before: Qu Changsheng |
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Address after: 100728 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 22, No. Patentee after: Sinopec Corp. Patentee after: EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF SINOPEC HENAN OILFIELD BRANCH COMPANY Address before: 100728 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 22, No. Patentee before: Sinopec Corp. Patentee before: Research Institute of Geological Sciences, Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Branch Company |