CN106526069B - Surroundings wind field simulation system applied to external wall fire-protecting test - Google Patents
Surroundings wind field simulation system applied to external wall fire-protecting test Download PDFInfo
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- CN106526069B CN106526069B CN201611197922.1A CN201611197922A CN106526069B CN 106526069 B CN106526069 B CN 106526069B CN 201611197922 A CN201611197922 A CN 201611197922A CN 106526069 B CN106526069 B CN 106526069B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/12—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of surroundings wind field simulation systems applied to external wall fire-protecting test.The unit includes shell, and is set to the speed-changing draught fan sequentially arranged in shell, Electric air valve, flow straightening grid and supply air duct；The speed-changing draught fan is at least corresponding with three Electric air valves, and the flow straightening grid and supply air duct are identical as Electric air valve quantity and correspond, and the end of each supply air duct is equipped with Ball shape nozzle.The system includes multiple surroundings wind field analogue units, is used to support and moves the bracket and universal wheel of each unit, and the control system for control system air supply velocity and wind direction.The present invention is designed by reasonable structure, both the surroundings wind field at whole building exterior wall different height can be simulated by reduced scale simultaneously, can also full ruler simulate certain the surroundings wind field outside fire bed, to provide basis and guarantee for the accurate executive information systems fire-protecting test that carries out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fire engineering technical fields, and in particular to be a kind of to be applied to external wall fire-protecting test
Surroundings wind field simulation system.
Background technique
With the development of social economy and the aggravation of Development of China's Urbanization, urban land resource bearing capacity receives unprecedented
Challenge, the high effective integration of the intensive utilization of land resource and space becomes inevitable development trend, many high-rise and super
Skyscraper comes into being.But along with the huge building scale of construction, intensive personnel's distribution and higher fire load, once it sends out
Calamity of lighting a fire its harmfulness also absolutely not it is common it is single, tier building is comparable, easily cause great casualties and property loss.Cause
Executive information systems are carried out experimental research under fire to the grasp of fire spread mechanism, the formulation of fireproof fire-extinguishing strategy by this
And the decision of evacuating personnel all has extremely important directive function.
Many fire cases showed that external wall had become the weight that executive information systems fire is spread rapidly in recent years
Approach is wanted, studies the opening fire overflow behavioural characteristic under different exterior wall forms to guarantee executive information systems security against fire tool
There is very important realistic meaning.Due to act on high-rise and super high-rise building exterior wall surroundings wind field wind speed size with building
The increase of height refers to rule in the trend incrementally increased according to power, and the wind speed of higher floor sections external environment wind field is every up to more than ten meters
Second even tens metre per second (m/s)s, fiery overflow behavior is open when fire working certainly will be by the strong influence of surroundings wind field.Therefore, it is opening
It is more truly anti-not consider that the influence of outdoor environment wind field will be unable to when if opening up executive information systems experimental research under fire
The actual fire scenario of external wall is mirrored, thus researches and develops a surroundings wind field mould applied to external wall fire-protecting test
Quasi- device just seems especially urgent and important.
Existing each surroundings wind field simulator is applied to the field other than Fire Science mostly.Such as application No. is
201110273861.3 patent disclose a kind of indoor sea surface wind field simulation test device, application No. is 201510683151.6
Patent disclose a kind of simulation of wind device of conductor galloping test, application No. is 200910196463.9 patent disclosures
A kind of air-conditioning device of simulated comfortable natural wind.
And for the existing surroundings wind field simulator applied to fire test few in number, in high-rise and Super High
There are still significant limitations for application in terms of external wall fire-protecting test.Such as application No. is 201510906813.1 it is special
Benefit discloses broad water surface liquid pool fire combustion simulation device under a kind of effect of ambient wind, but is simply possible to use in reduced scale fire test.Its
Though device in for surroundings wind field simulation can realize the variable frequency adjustment of air-supply wind speed, and wind direction cannot change, also can not
Different size of wind speed is exported at different height simultaneously.For another example application No. is 201420057338.6 patents to disclose one kind
External wind acts on lower skyscraper stairwell or vertical shaft fire test simulator, is also simply possible to use in reduced scale fire test.Wherein
Though the device for surroundings wind field simulation uses moving air curtain system, it can be achieved that mould to any floor outdoor environment wind field
Quasi-, but reproduction while cannot achieve whole building exterior wall surroundings wind field, furthermore wind direction can not change, and be only capable of perpendicular to building
Exterior wall is built, the section of air supply velocity is also only 0~8m/s, is difficult to reflect the outdoor environment wind at super high-rise building higher floor
?.Meanwhile in above-mentioned two patent environment simulation of wind device air-supply face geometry it is more single, can not generate have it is more
The surroundings wind field of the kind regularity of distribution, and can not preferably be applied to the external wall of complex geometric shapes.
Therefore, it is necessary to which designing one kind can try exclusively for the full ruler of executive information systems exterior wall and reduced scale fire protecting performance
It tests and the system of surroundings wind field simulation is provided.
Summary of the invention
Insufficient in view of the above technology, the present invention provides a kind of surroundings wind fields applied to external wall fire-protecting test
Analogue unit and system can provide external wind field condition for high-rise and super-high buildings fire-protecting test.
To achieve the above object, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
Applied to the surroundings wind field analogue unit of external wall fire-protecting test, including shell, and it is set to shell
Speed-changing draught fan, Electric air valve, flow straightening grid and the supply air duct inside sequentially arranged；The speed-changing draught fan at least with three electronic wind
Valve is corresponding, and the flow straightening grid and supply air duct is identical as Electric air valve quantity and corresponds, and each supply air duct
End be equipped with Ball shape nozzle.
Further, the Electric air valve is uniaxial rectangular wind valve, and valve body can be freely rotated within the scope of 0 °~90 °.
Further, the quantity of the Ball shape nozzle of each supply air duct end is no less than three, and is evenly distributed, each
Exportable 0~20m/s the wind speed of spout, wind direction can pass through the adjustment of artificial or executing agency within the scope of positive and negative 30 °.
Applied to the surroundings wind field simulation system of external wall fire-protecting test, including at least two rings as described above
Border simulation of wind unit, all surroundings wind field analogue units are combined in the way of being superimposed by tiling or up and down, to provide
Air-supply section is the surroundings wind field of rectangle, triangle or the geometries such as trapezoidal；The surroundings wind field simulation system further includes simultaneously
It is used to support and is moved the bracket and universal wheel of each surroundings wind field analogue unit, and is used for control system air supply velocity and wind
To control system.
Further, for convenience of the present invention is gone up and down, the frame bottom is additionally provided with elevating mechanism.
Specifically, the control system includes wind speed Acquisition Instrument, control cabinet and computer；The control cabinet while and ring
Speed-changing draught fan, Electric air valve in the simulation of wind unit of border are connected with Ball shape nozzle；The wind speed Acquisition Instrument is located at Ball shape nozzle
Front end, for collected air speed value to be fed back to computer, the computer is connect with control cabinet, for passing through control cabinet control
The wind direction of the revolving speed of speed-changing draught fan processed, the aperture of Electric air valve and Ball shape nozzle makes the air supply velocity of each air-supply passage
Stablize with wind direction in preset value.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) present invention is widely used, and both can simulate the surroundings wind field at whole building exterior wall different height by reduced scale simultaneously,
Can full ruler simulate certain the outdoor environment wind field of fire bed, the reduced scale and full ruler fire of executive information systems can be applied to simultaneously
Test.
(2) surroundings wind field simulation system of the invention can be by bracket by multiple analogue unit Rapid Combinations and splicing, just
In modularization and standardized production.Air-supply section group can be combined into rectangle, triangle or the geometric forms such as trapezoidal as needed simultaneously
Shape can be applied to the external wall opening form of various complex geometric shapes.
(3) present invention is provided with multiple supply air ducts in vertical direction, can be according to somewhere surroundings wind field with the change of height
Law simulates the surroundings wind field of different wind speed and directions at multiple height by control system simultaneously, is more truly reflected out high
The distribution character of layer and super high-rise building exterior wall surroundings wind field.
(4) air-supply end of the invention uses the form of Ball shape nozzle, with that air supplying distance is remote and velocity attenuation is slow is excellent
Good characteristic can guarantee safe distance between surroundings wind field simulation system and reduced scale or full ruler building on fire when carrying out fire test
Under the premise of, the surroundings wind field for meeting rate request is provided for executive information systems exterior wall.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of surroundings wind field simulation system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the internal structure three-view diagram and flow straightening grid left view cross-sectional view of surroundings wind field analogue unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of Ball shape nozzle in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is to cooperate the main view for carrying out the experimental rig of external wall fire-protecting test with the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the overhead sectional view of experimental rig.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of parts thereof in experimental rig.
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of rack in experimental rig.
Wherein, the corresponding parts title of appended drawing reference are as follows:
1- speed-changing draught fan, 2- Electric air valve, 3- flow straightening grid, 4- supply air duct, 5- Ball shape nozzle, 6- bracket, 7- are universal
Wheel, 8- wind speed Acquisition Instrument, 9- control cabinet, 10- computer, 11- simulation main wall, 12- simulation aileron, the combustion chamber 13-, 14- rack,
15- thermocouple sensor hole location, 16- window, 17- upright guide rail, 18- upper shifting board, 19- lower shifting board, 20- move to left movable plate,
21- moves to right movable plate, 22- guide rail.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, mode of the invention include but are not limited to
Lower embodiment.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the present invention provides one kind can mention for executive information systems exterior wall fireproof performance test
For the blowing unit and system of external environment wind field condition.Its unit includes shell, and is set to the intracorporal speed-changing draught fan of shell
1, it can arbitrarily adjust the Electric air valve 2 of aperture, promote flow straightening grid 3, the supply air duct 4 of air-supply uniformity, be set to air-supply wind
Road end Ball shape nozzle 5 (quantity and distribution mode of Ball shape nozzle can be adjusted arbitrarily, in the present embodiment, Ball shape nozzle quantity
At least nine, and be evenly distributed).Its system includes that multiple units (can be carried out arbitrarily by the modes such as tiling or upper and lower superposition
Combination, Fig. 1 show stacked system up and down), it is used to support and moves the bracket 6 and universal wheel 7 of each unit, and include wind speed
The control system for control system air supply velocity and wind direction including Acquisition Instrument 8, control cabinet 9 and computer 10.Meanwhile when into
When the full ruler fire test of row, to enable the invention to preferably match the external wall opening form of different height, the bracket 6
Bottom is additionally provided with elevating mechanism, can adjust the lifting of whole system according to actual needs.
The present invention is in use, starting speed-changing draught fan 1, and the wind speed Acquisition Instrument 8 positioned at 5 front end of Ball shape nozzle is by collected wind
Fast value feeds back to computer 10, computer 10 by the revolving speed of the control speed-changing draught fan 1 of control cabinet 9, the aperture of Electric air valve 2 and
The wind direction of Ball shape nozzle 5 stablizes the air supply velocity of each air-supply passage and wind direction in preset value.When the present invention is for complete
Ruler fire test with simulate certain the practical outdoor environment wind field of fire bed when, due to wind speed vertical direction change it is smaller, can will
All Electric air valves 2 are set as standard-sized sheet, and the air output of all speed-changing draught fans is set as same institute's required airflow, uniform to provide wind speed
Air-supply face.It, can be each by adjusting when the present invention is used for surroundings wind field of the reduced scale fire test to simulate whole building exterior wall
Each air supply velocity at different height is set required size by the aperture of Electric air valve in air-supply passage.
The present invention is designed by reasonable structure, using the cooperation between speed-changing draught fan, Electric air valve and Ball shape nozzle,
The simulation that can realize outside space environment wind field well keeps executive information systems exterior wall fireproof performance test trueer
Real reliable, acquired test data can provide important references for the formulation of fireproof fire-extinguishing strategy and the decision of evacuating personnel.
A kind of fireproof performance test apparatus is set forth below, realizes building to illustrate that it cooperates with surroundings wind field simulator
The fire protecting performance of external wall structure form is tested.Experimental rig cited by the present embodiment can simulate high-rise and superelevation well
The influences of the structure types to overflow flame behavior such as layer external wall.And the prior art about this respect, it is unable to satisfy and builds
Build the demand of exterior wall form fireproof performance test apparatus.
As also shown in e.g. figs. 4-7, experimental rig described in the present embodiment includes simulation main wall 11, simulation aileron 12, combustion chamber
13, rack 14, regulating mechanism.11 lower part of simulation main wall offers window 16, and the combustion chamber 13 is arranged in simulation master
By wall 11, and it which is provided with the opening being connected to window 16.Combustion chamber 13 is used for simulated combustion, to generate flame, and passes through
It is overflowed on simulation main wall 11 by window 16.Specifically, being equipped with burner assembly, the burner assembly in the combustion chamber 13
Including the bracket being arranged in combustion chamber 13, the electronic balance being placed on the bracket, the bracket being placed on the electronic balance
Chassis, and the burner being arranged on bracket chassis；Electronic balance can measure burner on bracket chassis by bracket
Mass change.The regulating mechanism is then for changing the size of the opening on combustion chamber, to realize to building overflow
The analog study that flame influences, specifically, the regulating mechanism includes being arranged in combustion chamber 13 and being located at erecting for opening both sides
Straight guide 17, while the upper shifting board 18 being slidably connected with two upright guide rails, while being slidably connected with two upright guide rails
Lower shifting board 19, while moving to left movable plate 20 with what upper shifting board 18 and lower shifting board 19 were slidably connected, and simultaneously with upper movement
What plate 18 and lower shifting board 19 were slidably connected moves to right movable plate 21.By adjusting moving up and down plate or moving left and right the spacing of plate, i.e.,
The change of openings of sizes can be achieved.
There are two the simulation ailerons 12, is divided into simulation 11 two sides of main wall, and horizontal corresponding.In the present embodiment,
Two simulation ailerons are slided with a guide rail 22 simultaneously, and moving left and right for two simulation ailerons so may be implemented, to change two
The spacing of a simulation aileron, realizes the research of the overflow flame behavior of aileron spacing variation.Meanwhile simulating aileron can be fire prevention
Glass is directly observed so as to the form to flame.
The setting of rack 14 is formed by space in simulation main wall and two simulation ailerons, is provided with hot-fluid
Sensor, and it is also evenly distributed with thermocouple sensor hole location 15 (diameter 3mm) close to the side of simulation main wall 7, for pacifying
Fill thermocouple.
When carrying out external wall fire-protecting test, the present invention is placed in by two simulation ailerons, and air-supply faces
Quasi-mode intends main wall and two simulation ailerons are formed by space, then adjusts the openings of sizes on combustion chamber respectively, and start change
Fast blower 1 is made each by controlling revolving speed, the aperture of Electric air valve 2 and the wind direction of Ball shape nozzle 5 of speed-changing draught fan 1
The air supply velocity and wind direction of air-supply passage are stablized in preset value.Then simulated combustion in the combustion chamber generates flame, and passes through this
Invention makes to simulate main wall and two simulation ailerons are formed by generation external environment wind field in space.Before combining environmental wind field
It putting, the experimental rig can simulate realistically out the behavior of some exterior wall overflow flame of executive information systems,
Then by the heat flow density and temperature on heat flow transducer and thermocouple difference real-time measurement simulation main wall, so obtain it is true,
Accurate data.
Experimental rig described in the present embodiment can using the opening on combustion chamber and the window design on simulation main wall
The fire scenario for realizing indoor overflow fire and the fire protecting performance research under different external wall situations.By window or so, up and down
The design of movable panel, and the present invention is cooperated (while to simulate not the design of external wall surroundings wind field at different height
Same air speed value), realize research of the different executive information systems windows to overflow flame behavioral implications.And pass through two
The activity installation of aileron is simulated, and adjusts the spaced position of two simulation ailerons, simulation aileron may be implemented to external wall fire
The research of flame behavioral implications.It can be said that the experimental rig promotes high-rise and Super High well after the cooperation present invention
The variation of external wall aileron spacing changes the research influenced on overflow flame on the behavioral implications of overflow flame and on window area, is
Executive information systems fire protection design provides reference.
Above-described embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, should not be taken to limit protection model of the invention
Enclose, it is all in body design thought of the invention and mentally make have no the change of essential meaning or polishing, solved
Technical problem is still consistent with the present invention, should all be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. being applied to the surroundings wind field simulation system of external wall fire-protecting test, which is characterized in that including at least two rings
Border simulation of wind unit, all surroundings wind field analogue units are combined in the way of being superimposed by tiling or up and down, the ring
Border simulation of wind unit includes shell, and is set to the speed-changing draught fan (1) sequentially arranged in shell, Electric air valve (2), rectification
Grid (3) and supply air duct (4)；The speed-changing draught fan (1) flow straightening grid at least corresponding, described with three Electric air valve (2)
(3) and supply air duct (4) is identical as Electric air valve (2) quantity and correspond, and the end of each supply air duct (4) is all provided with
There are Ball shape nozzle (5)；The surroundings wind field simulation system further includes being used to support and moving each surroundings wind field analogue unit simultaneously
Bracket (6) and universal wheel (7), and the control system for control system air supply velocity and wind direction；The control system packet
Include wind speed Acquisition Instrument (8), control cabinet (9) and computer (10)；The control cabinet (9) is simultaneously and in surroundings wind field analogue unit
Speed-changing draught fan (1), Electric air valve (2) and Ball shape nozzle (5) connection；Before the wind speed Acquisition Instrument (8) is located at Ball shape nozzle (5)
End, for feeding back to computer (10) collected air speed value, the computer (10) connect with control cabinet (9), for leading to
Revolving speed, the aperture of Electric air valve (2) and the wind direction of Ball shape nozzle (5) for crossing control cabinet (9) control speed-changing draught fan (1), make
The air supply velocity and wind direction of each air-supply passage are stablized in preset value.
2. the surroundings wind field simulation system according to claim 1 applied to external wall fire-protecting test, feature
It is, the Electric air valve (2) is uniaxial rectangular wind valve, and valve body can be freely rotated within the scope of 0 °~90 °.
3. the surroundings wind field simulation system according to claim 1 or 2 applied to external wall fire-protecting test, special
Sign is that the quantity of the Ball shape nozzle (5) of each supply air duct (4) end is no less than three, and is evenly distributed, each spout
Exportable 0~20m/s wind speed, wind direction can pass through the adjustment of artificial or executing agency within the scope of positive and negative 30 °.
4. the surroundings wind field simulation system according to claim 3 applied to external wall fire-protecting test, feature
It is, bracket (6) bottom is equipped with elevating mechanism.
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| CN109783900B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-11-06 | 上海交通大学 | Real-time online modeling system and method for new energy multi-wind field |
| CN110439841A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-12 | 中国科学技术大学 | Stabilization air flow system for the test of external-wall heat-insulation material combustion simulation |
| CN111024355B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2022-02-08 | 湖南工程学院 | Wind field simulation device for southern mountainous area |
| CN111982796A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-24 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Experimental device for simulating raindrop splashing in all-dimensional windy environment |
| CN114910603A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-16 | 应急管理部天津消防研究所 | Fire comprehensive simulation experiment platform and method |
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