CN106524935A - Method for measuring strain of double-pass MZ structure fused with long period fiber grating - Google Patents
Method for measuring strain of double-pass MZ structure fused with long period fiber grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN106524935A CN106524935A CN201610887109.0A CN201610887109A CN106524935A CN 106524935 A CN106524935 A CN 106524935A CN 201610887109 A CN201610887109 A CN 201610887109A CN 106524935 A CN106524935 A CN 106524935A
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- lpfg
- optical fiber
- fiber
- strain
- laser
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge using photoelastic elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/161—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by interferometric means
Abstract
The invention provides a method for measuring strain of a double-pass MZ structure fused with a long period fiber grating. The method comprises the steps of: a) lapping the double-pass MZ structure, which comprises a light source, a first optical coupler, a second optical coupler, a first optical fiber, a second optical fiber, a third optical fiber and a fourth optical fiber; b) fusing the long period fiber grating into the double-pass MZ structure, wherein both ends of an optical fiber engraved with the long period fiber grating are fused with the third optical fiber and the fourth optical fiber separately, and the long period fiber grating forms a reflection end of the double-pass MZ structure; c) placing the whole structure of the double-pass MZ structure fused with the long period fiber grating in a temperature control box, changing strain of the temperature control box, and monitoring wavelength shift by utilizing a spectrometer; d) and drawing a relation curve of wavelength and strain variations, and measuring strain of a strain material to be measured by using the relation curve. The method provided by the invention can effectively reduce the width of transmission peaks and improve the precision of measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber measurement, more particularly to a kind of round trip MZ structure of welding LPFG
The method of measuring strain.
Background technology
In the research of optical fiber laser and sensory field of optic fibre and using extremely important, screen periods are tens to fiber grating
It is referred to as LPFG (Long period fiber grating, LPFG), its feature to hundreds of micron of fiber grating
It is to couple between the fibre core basic mode of symport and cladding mode, substantially without back reflected laser, belongs to transmission-type bandstop filter.With
Fiber Bragg Grating FBG is compared (Fiber Bragg grating, FBG), and the resonance wavelength of LPFG and resonance are strong
The change for spending environment to external world is very sensitive, with bigger ga(u)ge factor；Meanwhile, in optical fiber laser field, profit
Can be tuned to transmiting spectral peak with its sensitivity characteristic, can realize that the changeable laser of wavelength is defeated as tunable optic filter
Go out.Therefore, LPFG has more advantages, latent with bigger development in Fibre Optical Sensor and optical-fiber laser field
Power and application prospect.
Compared to the traditional preparation methods of LPFG described above, using femtosecond laser light source, using by
Point carving and writing method make in the various optical fiber Bragg grating be used for the research in the field such as Fibre Optical Sensor and optical-fiber laser into
For focus.Femtosecond laser process technology has processing essence height, the technology of easy to operate, efficiency high in conventional laser process technology
Feature, but the superpower peak power of the ultrashort pulsewidth by its femtosecond magnitude and Pa Wa magnitudes is in the high-precision of optical fiber micro-nano material
Its unique advantage is shown in the processing of close, high-resolution and low damage.Femtosecond laser prepares fiber grating and is mainly at present
Mask means, mask means refer to and mask plate be positioned over above optical fiber, adopts femtosecond laser irradiation operation wavelength for the mask of 800nm
Plate, makes fiber core that variations in refractive index to occur.Although the method into grid uniformity preferably, due to mask plate it is relatively costly,
And it is poor to prepare LPFG flexibility.In addition, LPFG transmission spectrum is wider, in actual measurement easily
Affected by environmental change, error is caused to the accuracy of strain measurement easily.
Accordingly, it would be desirable to a kind of effective width for reducing transmission spectrum, improves the welding long period optical fiber light of the accuracy of measurement
The method of the round trip MZ structure measurement strain of grid.
The content of the invention
One aspect of the present invention is the round trip MZ structure measurement strain for providing a kind of welding LPFG
Method, the strain measurement method comprise the steps：
A, overlap joint round trip MZ structure, the round trip MZ structure include light source, the first photo-coupler, the second photo-coupler and
First optical fiber, the second optical fiber, the 3rd optical fiber and the 4th optical fiber；Wherein
First optical fiber and the second fused fiber splice between first photo-coupler and the second photo-coupler, described
One end of three optical fiber and the 4th optical fiber is connected with the second photo-coupler；
B, LPFG is fused in the round trip MZ structure, wherein the optical fiber two ends of LPFG
Respectively with the 3rd optical fiber and the 4th fused fiber splice, the LPFG constitutes the reflection end of round trip MZ structure, wherein
3rd optical fiber and the SMF-28E optical fiber that the 4th fiber selection core diameter is 10/125 micron；
C, by the side of welding LPFG in the round trip MZ structure of step b welding LPFG with should
Become material to fit, gradually change the strain size of strain gauge material, the trough for choosing LPFG is sampled point, is utilized
Spectrometer monitoring wavelength movement；
D, the wavelength movement monitored using step c draw the relation curve of wavelength and strain variation, using the relation
Curve is measured to the material strain of strain to be measured.
Preferably, the LPFG is prepared by LPFG straight-writing system.
Preferably, the strain size for changing strain gauge material is using being stretched to strain gauge material, bent or compressed
Mode.
Preferably, the LPFG is strained once quick process.
Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of LPFG straight-writing system, the long period optical fiber light
Grid straight-writing system includes optical-fiber laser, wavelength division multiplexer, thulium doped fiber, single-mode fiber, high precision mobile platform, femto-second laser
And spectrometer, the single-mode fiber is overlapped in the high precision mobile platform, one end connection optical-fiber laser, other end connection light
Spectrometer, in the writing area welding thin-core fibers of institute's single-mode fiber.
Preferably, the femto-second laser is arranged on above the high precision mobile platform, sends out the femto-second laser
The laser penetrated is mutually perpendicular to the thin-core fibers, arranges optical gate in the femto-second laser Laser emission mouth.
Preferably, the core diameter of the thin-core fibers is 10/125 micron.
Preferably, the wave band of the optical-fiber laser chooses 1500～1620nm.
The present invention has narrower pectination spectrum density due to round trip MZ structure, and the transmission spectrum of LPFG is usual
Wider, both combine, and can effectively reduce the width of transmission spectrum, improve the accuracy of measurement.
It should be appreciated that aforementioned description substantially and follow-up description in detail are exemplary illustration and explanation, should not
As the restriction to claimed content of the invention.
Description of the drawings
With reference to the accompanying drawing enclosed, the present invention more purpose, function and advantages are by by the as follows of embodiment of the present invention
Description is illustrated, wherein：
Fig. 1 schematically shows LPFG straight-writing system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows the round trip MZ structure of welding LPFG of the present invention；
The flow chart that Fig. 3 shows the method for the round trip MZ structure measurement strain of welding LPFG of the present invention；
Fig. 4 shows the relation curve of LPFG wavelength of the present invention and strain variation.
Specific embodiment
By reference to one exemplary embodiment, the purpose of the present invention and function and the side for realizing these purposes and function
Method will be illustrated.However, the present invention is not limited to one exemplary embodiment disclosed below；Can by multi-form come
Which is realized.The essence of specification is only to aid in the detail of the various equivalent modifications Integrated Understanding present invention.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.In the accompanying drawings, identical reference represents identical
Or similar part, or same or like step.
One embodiment of the present of invention is explained hereinafter, specifically being prepared in the present embodiment first needs welding in round trip
LPFG in MZ structures.It should be appreciated that round trip MZ structure described here is round trip Mach once moral structure.
As shown in Figure 1 LPFG straight-writing system of the present invention, in the present embodiment according to present invention offer this
Bright LPFG straight-writing system 100 inscribes LPFG, and the LPFG straight-writing system includes
Including optical-fiber laser 101, wavelength division multiplexer 102, thulium doped fiber 104, single-mode fiber 103, high precision mobile platform 105, femtosecond
Laser instrument 107 and spectrometer 106, wherein
Single-mode fiber 103 is overlapped in high precision mobile platform 105, and one end of single-mode fiber 103 passes through wavelength division multiplexer
102 connection optical-fiber laser 101, other end connection spectrometers 106, in the 110 welding thin-core fibers of writing area of single-mode fiber 103
111, femto-second laser 107 is arranged on above the high precision mobile platform 105, makes flying for the transmitting of the femto-second laser 107
Second laser is mutually perpendicular to thin-core fibers 111, and arranging optical gate 109 in 108 front end of Laser emission mouth of femto-second laser 107 is used for
Femtosecond laser light path is adjusted, after femto-second laser 107 is launched femtosecond laser and is modulated, femtosecond laser enters high-precision
Degree mobile platform 105 is inscribed on thin-core fibers 111 and forms LPFG.In the present embodiment, femto-second laser 107 can
Being moved in front, rear, left and right four direction, the relative position of femtosecond laser and careful optical fiber 111 is adjusted.
In using the above-mentioned LPFG straight-writing system scribing process of the embodiment of the present invention, single-mode fiber 103
Other end connection spectrometer 106 carries out real-time monitoring to the scribing process of LPFG, it is ensured that LPFG
The accuracy of inscription.
In the present embodiment, the core diameter of preferred thin-core fibers is 10/125 micro-, and the wave band of optical-fiber laser 101 chooses 1500
～1620nm.The present embodiment inscribe LPFG transmission peak wavelength in 1.5 micron wavebands, by the long period inscribed
Fiber grating is combined with round trip MZ structure to carry out straining demarcation and measurement.
The as shown in Figure 2 round trip MZ structure of welding LPFG of the present invention, welding LPFG pair
Journey MZ structure includes round trip MZ structure and one section of long period optical fiber grating 208, and LPFG 208 here is by the present invention
Prepared by the LPFG straight-writing system of offer, so as to realize and the setted structure welding of round trip MZ, wherein
Round trip MZ structure include light source 201, the first photo-coupler 202, the second photo-coupler 205 and the first optical fiber 203,
Second optical fiber 204, the 3rd optical fiber 206 and the 4th optical fiber 207.
First optical fiber 203 and 204 welding of the second optical fiber first photo-coupler 202 and the second photo-coupler 205 it
Between, one end of the 3rd optical fiber 206 and the 4th optical fiber 207 is connected with the second photo-coupler 205.LPFG 208
The round trip MZ structure of welding LPFG is constituted in being fused to the round trip MZ structure, wherein
Welding mode is：The optical fiber two ends of LPFG 208 respectively with the 3rd optical fiber 206 and the 4th optical fiber 207
Welding, LPFG 208 constitute the reflection end of round trip MZ structure.3rd optical fiber 207 and the 4th optical fiber in the present embodiment
208 from the SMF-28E optical fiber that core diameter is 10/125 micron, so as to ensure that with core diameter be 10/125 micro- long period
The supporting welding of fiber grating.
The method of the round trip MZ structure measurement strain of welding LPFG of the present invention is by welding long period optical fiber
The round trip MZ structure of grating is measured to strain, and in order to more clearly illustrate, the exemplary present invention's of the present embodiment should
Become measuring method to be explained, as shown in Figure 3 the side of the round trip MZ structure measurement strain of welding LPFG of the present invention
The flow chart of method, specifically, the strain measurement method comprises the steps：
Step S101, overlap joint round trip MZ structure, the round trip MZ structure include light source 201, the first photo-coupler 202, the
Two photo-couplers 205 and the first optical fiber 203, the second optical fiber 204, the 3rd optical fiber 206 and the 4th optical fiber 207；Wherein
First optical fiber 203 and 204 welding of the second optical fiber first photo-coupler 202 and the second photo-coupler 205 it
Between, one end of the 3rd optical fiber 206 and the 4th optical fiber 207 is connected with the second photo-coupler 205.
Welding LPFG 208 in step S102, round trip MZ structure, LPFG 208 is fused to
In the round trip MZ structure, will wherein be carved with the optical fiber two ends of LPFG respectively with the 3rd optical fiber 206 and the 4th light
Fine 207 weldings, make LPFG 208 constitute the reflection end of round trip MZ structure, wherein
3rd optical fiber 206 and the 4th optical fiber 207 from the SMF-28E optical fiber that core diameter is 10/125 micron, to welding
LPFG strained once quick process.
Step S103, by welding long period optical fiber light in the round trip MZ structure of welding LPFG in step S102
The side of grid is fitted with strain gauge material, gradually changes the strain size of strain gauge material, chooses the trough of LPFG
For sampled point, moved using spectrometer monitoring wavelength.Change the strain size of strain gauge material using carrying out stretching to strain gauge material,
Bending or the mode compressed, the present embodiment is preferably by the way of elongation strain is carried out to strain gauge material.
Step S104, the wavelength monitored using step step S103 are moved, and draw wavelength bent with the relation of strain variation
Line, is measured to strain to be measured using the relation curve.
More clearly illustrate to make to present disclosure, below the principle of interference of MZ structures is done specifically
It is bright：
Source emissioning light enters MZ structures for the light of I by force, and wherein light intensity I meets
Wherein I1、I2WithThe light intensity and phase shift difference of fibre core and covering respectively in thin-core fibers, and
Wherein, n1And n2The respectively effective refractive index of fibre core and covering, L1And L2Respectively light beam is in fibre core and covering
The length of transmission.Due to interfere arm equal length, and there are refractive indices n, then have
From formula (1) and formula (3), the peak value in transmission spectrum occurs meeting at the wavelength of following formula, and wherein m is whole
Number
2 π L Δs n/ λ=2m π (4)
Through simplification, formula (4) is expressed as
M=L Δs n/ λ (5)
Derivation is carried out to λ in formula (5) to obtain
Δ m/ Δ λ=- L Δ n/ λ2 (6)
Δ m=1 is taken, the wavelength interval for obtaining the adjacent peak in af at wavelength lambda transmission spectrum is
| Δ λ |=λ2/LΔn (7)
From formula (7), in the comb spectrum of MZ structures, the wavelength interval of adjacent peak is relevant with centre wavelength.It is central
One timing of cardiac wave length, the wavelength interval of adjacent peak is the function of thin-core fibers length and fibre core and bag index differential between layers.
Embodiments of the invention employ round trip MZ structure, the transmission of round trip MZ on the basis of MZ constructive interference principles
Spectral modulation depth is 2 times of one way MZ, with narrower pectination spectrum density.
LPFG and the welding of round trip MZ structure are carried out long period light by the above-mentioned strain measurement method in enforcement
Fiber grating strain is demarcated.In calibration process, the round trip MZ structure overall structure of welding LPFG is placed in temperature control box,
Light has the first coupler 202 to be divided into two beams by the transmitting of light source 201, respectively enters the first optical fiber 203 and the second optical fiber 204, passes through
After second coupler 205 is again broken down into two beams after two-beam is coupled, the 3rd optical fiber 206 and the 4th optical fiber is respectively enterd
207, reflected by LPFG 208 afterwards.
Meanwhile, gradually strain gauge material is stretched, with drawing process of the pulling force to strain gauge material, strain gauge material is sent out
Raw strain, the wavelength of LPFG are moved to long wave direction, and the trough for choosing LPFG is sampled point, is painted
Relation curve between LPFG processed and strain, as shown in Figure 4 LPFG wavelength of the present invention and strain
The relation curve of change.When measuring to strain gauge material to be measured, will melt in the round trip MZ structure of welding LPFG
The side of spreading period optical fiber grating is pasted with strain gauge material to be measured, is moved by spectrometer collection wavelength, by the song drawn
Line obtains the strain of strain gauge material to be measured.
As round trip MZ structure has narrower pectination spectrum density in the present invention, and the transmission spectrum of LPFG is logical
It is often wider, therefore both are combined, the width of transmission peaks can be effectively reduced, the degree of accuracy of measurement is improved.
With reference to the explanation and practice of the present invention for disclosing here, the other embodiment of the present invention is for those skilled in the art
All will be readily apparent and understand.Illustrate and embodiment be to be considered only as it is exemplary, the present invention true scope and purport it is equal
It is defined in the claims.
Claims (8)
1. the method that a kind of round trip MZ structure measurement of welding LPFG is strained, it is characterised in that the strain is surveyed
Amount method comprises the steps：
A, overlap joint round trip MZ structure, the round trip MZ structure include light source, the first photo-coupler, the second photo-coupler and first
Optical fiber, the second optical fiber, the 3rd optical fiber and the 4th optical fiber；Wherein
First optical fiber and the second fused fiber splice between first photo-coupler and the second photo-coupler, the 3rd light
One end of fine and the 4th optical fiber is connected with the second photo-coupler；
B, LPFG is fused in the round trip MZ structure, wherein the optical fiber two ends difference of LPFG
With the 3rd optical fiber and the 4th fused fiber splice, the LPFG constitutes the reflection end of round trip MZ structure, wherein
3rd optical fiber and the SMF-28E optical fiber that the 4th fiber selection core diameter is 10/125 micron；
C, by the side of the overall welding LPFG of the round trip MZ structure of step b welding LPFG with should
Become material to fit, gradually change the strain size of strain gauge material, the trough for choosing LPFG is sampled point, is utilized
Spectrometer monitoring wavelength movement；
D, the wavelength movement monitored using step c draw the relation curve of wavelength and strain variation, using the relation curve
Strain to strain gauge material to be measured is measured.
2. the method for measuring strain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by LPFG straight-writing system
Prepare the LPFG.
3. the method for measuring strain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the strain size of the change strain gauge material
By the way of being stretched to strain gauge material, being bent or compressed.
4. the method for the measuring strain according to requiring 1 in power, it is characterised in that the LPFG is strained
Once quick process.
5. a kind of LPFG of the method for the measuring strain for described in Claims 1-4 any claim is straight
Write system, it is characterised in that the LPFG straight-writing system include optical-fiber laser, wavelength division multiplexer, thulium doped fiber,
Single-mode fiber, high precision mobile platform, femto-second laser and spectrometer, the single-mode fiber are overlapped on the high precision movement and put down
On platform, one end connection optical-fiber laser, other end connection spectrometer, in the writing area welding thin-core fibers of institute's single-mode fiber.
6. the method for measuring strain according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the femto-second laser is arranged on the height
Above precision mobile platform, the laser of the femto-second laser transmitting is made to be mutually perpendicular to the thin-core fibers, in the femtosecond
Laser device laser emission port arranges optical gate.
7. the method for the measuring strain according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that the fibre core of the thin-core fibers
A diameter of 10/125 micron.
8. the method for measuring strain according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the wave band of the optical-fiber laser chooses 1500
～1620nm.
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| CN107907070A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-13 | 北京信息科技大学 | A kind of strain measurement system based on MZ filter structure optical fiber lasers |
| CN108181023A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-19 | 北京信息科技大学 | A kind of fiber grating and thick cone fiber optic temperature and strain measurement system and its method |
| CN109632132A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-16 | 北京信息科技大学 | Thermometry based on FBG-FP structured optical fiber laser |
| CN112964190A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-15 | 长江师范学院 | Strain measurement method based on tapered long-period fiber bragg grating |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109632132A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-16 | 北京信息科技大学 | Thermometry based on FBG-FP structured optical fiber laser |
| CN112964190A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-15 | 长江师范学院 | Strain measurement method based on tapered long-period fiber bragg grating |
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