CN104237166A - Optical fiber fused taper-long-period fiber grating high-sensitivity refractive index sensor including transition zone and manufacture method of sensor - Google Patents
Optical fiber fused taper-long-period fiber grating high-sensitivity refractive index sensor including transition zone and manufacture method of sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104237166A CN104237166A CN201410460070.5A CN201410460070A CN104237166A CN 104237166 A CN104237166 A CN 104237166A CN 201410460070 A CN201410460070 A CN 201410460070A CN 104237166 A CN104237166 A CN 104237166A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical fiber fused taper-long-period fiber grating high-sensitivity refractive index sensor including a transition zone. The sensor comprises a single mode fiber, an optical fiber fused taper manufactured by drawing the single mode fiber through oxyhydrogen flame, and a long-period fiber grating (LPFG) carved on the optical fiber fused taper by using a CO2 laser. A great majority of optical field energy of the optical fiber fused taper is diffused outside the fiber in an evanescent wave mode, the refractive index change of surrounding environment can be sensed based on the mutual effect of the part of ex-core evanescent field and the environment, in combination with the LPFG in the optical fiber fused taper transition zone in the carving range of CO2 laser, the resonant wavelength is extremely sensitive to the change of the external environment based on the coupling between a fiber core basic mode and a cladding mode in same-direction transmission and special conical waveguide structure of the optical fiber fusible fiber and thin diameter character of the conical waist. The advantages of the optical fiber fused taper and the LPFG are combined, so that the high-sensitivity sensing is performed by measuring the change of the resonant wavelength of the transmission peak. The sensor and the method provided by the invention have important significance on the basic research of the composite optical fiber apparatus based on the optical fiber fused taper and the application of the high-sensitivity sensor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of the Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper long-period gratings high sensitivity index sensor and the manufacture method thereof that comprise zone of transition, belong to field of fiber optics.
Background technology
Optical fibre device is the critical device of optical fiber communication and Fibre Optical Sensor, and the height of its development degree decides the development of optical fiber communication and sensory field of optic fibre to a great extent.Fibre Optical Sensor antijamming capability is strong, good insulating degree of safety is high, highly sensitive, lightweight is little is easy to integrated, thus in the such as space flight of a lot of industry (temperature survey, pressure survey etc. at aircraft and each position of spacecraft), oil exploitation (level gauging etc.), the fields such as electric power transfer (current measurement etc. of grid) all have broad application prospects.Along with the fast development of optical fiber communication and sensory field of optic fibre, also more and more higher to the requirement of optical fibre device, the novel optical fiber device with the advantages such as micro-dimension, high sensitivity, fast response becomes the focus of research gradually.Because of its superior performance, oneself becomes one of fiber optic passive device that current most is representative and most is rising to fiber grating, and the development of new construction, new features, multifunctional optical fiber grating becomes inexorable trend.
Long period fiber grating (LPFG) have insertion loss little, with wide, retroreflection is low, to external world the reaction sensitivity of environmental change high, make the advantages such as simple, with low cost, obtain great application.At sensory field, because the cycle of LPFG is long, there is coupling between the fibre core basic mode of symport and cladding mode, the change of its resonance wavelength and peak value environment is to external world very responsive.Melting cone type optical fibre device and general single mode fiber SMF(single mode fiber) compared with, a big chunk Light Energy of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper is propagated outward at core with the form of evanescent wave, light enters transition zone portion and continues onwards transmission, the radius of zone of transition reduces gradually, along with the reduction of radius, the light transmitted in covering increases gradually, the light transmitted in fibre core reduces gradually, in the light wave exponentially form decay of cone waist transmission, form the evanescent wave extremely responsive to the change of external environment condition, highly sensitive Fibre Optical Sensor can be made, light wave reenters zone of transition and the transmission of single mode district afterwards, light also returns fibre core by covering gradually.Therefore, the fundamental research of the compound device of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper is significant.The present invention inscribes LPFG on Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper, by Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper together with the advantages of LPFG, carries out sensing by the change of the resonance wavelength and peak value of measuring its transmission peaks.Therefore, the resolution higher than common LPFG, higher sensitivity and wider sensing measurement can be realized, simultaneously can by improving technique to realize low-loss and high-performance sensing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the sensitivity improving common LPFG refractive index sensing, a kind of the Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper long-period gratings high sensitivity index sensor and the manufacture method thereof that comprise zone of transition are provided.This sensor can realize higher resolution, higher sensitivity and wider refractive index sensing.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
Comprise a Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper long period fiber grating high sensitivity index sensor for zone of transition, comprise Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper that a single-mode fiber, single-mode fiber be drawn into through oxyhydrogen flame and use CO
2laser instrument is scribed at the LPFG on Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper, it is characterized in that: described Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper, its a big chunk Light Energy is propagated outward at core with the form of evanescent wave, when the outer evanscent field of this part core and environmental interaction, and can the variations in refractive index of perception surrounding environment; Inscription scope comprises the long period fiber grating (LPFG) of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper zone of transition, because the cycle of LPFG is long, there is the coupling between the fibre core basic mode of symport and cladding mode, and the change of its resonance wavelength and peak value environment is to external world very responsive; Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper inscribes LPFG, by Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper together with the advantages of LPFG, to realize low-loss and high performance sensing characteristics.Be characterised in that described single-mode fiber (1) cladding diameter is about 100 ~ 150 μm, core diameter is about 7 ~ 10 μm; Territory, cone lumbar region (3) overall length of described fine pyrometric cone zone of transition (2) and Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper is 10 ~ 15mm, and cone waist (3) diameter 30 ~ 80 μm of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper, described long period fiber grating (4) length is 15 ~ 20mm.
For making the above-mentioned said Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper long-period gratings index sensor comprising zone of transition, its manufacturing process operation steps is as follows:
First, getting a length is 1m
the single-mode fiber (1) of 0.2m, peeling this single-mode fiber (1) center section length off is 10cm
the coat of 1cm, then draws cone machine to draw cone to it with oxyhydrogen flame, obtains the territory, cone lumbar region (3) of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper zone of transition (2) and Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper; Then the territory, cone lumbar region (3) of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper zone of transition (2) and Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper is fixed on CO
2on laser instrument, the two ends of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper zone of transition (2) connect light source and spectrometer respectively by wire jumper, then focused on the center in the territory, cone lumbar region (3) of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper by microscope, drawing a length with computer is 15 ~ 20mm long period fiber grating (4), control CO
2laser instrument inscribes long period fiber grating (4), by the real-time online measuring of spectrometer, obtains a good long period fiber grating of spectrum (4).So far, prepared by a kind of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper long-period gratings index sensor comprising zone of transition.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following apparent outstanding feature and remarkable advantage:
(1) Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper a big chunk Light Energy is propagated outward at fibre with the form of evanescent wave, and evanscent field and environmental interaction can realize the variations in refractive index of high sensitivity perception surrounding environment;
(2) LPFG exists between the fibre core basic mode of symport and cladding mode and is coupled, and the change of resonance wavelength environment is to external world very responsive;
(3) device architecture invented is simple, stable and reliable for performance, and can according to demand, and preparation Different L PFG length, different fiber pyrometric cone diameter, with low cost, repeatability is high, is easy to the batch machining realizing device.
principle of work of the present invention
Compared with the fiber grating index sensor made by conventional method for making, Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper is inscribed to comprise the long-period fiber grating sensor sensitivity of zone of transition higher.Because the cycle of LPFG is long, there is the coupling between the fibre core basic mode of symport and cladding mode, the change of its resonance wavelength and peak value environment is to external world very responsive, has than the better sensitivity of Bragg grating (showing temperature, refractive index, the characteristic such as bending).Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper greatly Light Energy is propagated outward at fibre with the form of evanescent wave, when the outer evanscent field of this part core and environmental interaction, by the variations in refractive index of perception surrounding environment, can be used for doing highly sensitive microsensor.Therefore, fundamental research is carried out for the principle of work of the compound device based on Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper, manufacturing process and application characteristic significant.Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper is inscribed LPFG(structure as shown in Figure 1), by Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper together with the advantages of LPFG, carry out sensing by the change of the resonance wavelength and peak value of measuring its transmission peaks.Therefore, the resolution higher than common LPFG, higher sensitivity and wider sensing can be realized.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing that the present invention comprises the Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper long-period gratings index sensor of zone of transition.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention utilizes CO
2laser instrument inscribes the schematic diagram of long-period gratings on Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper.
Fig. 3 is scribed on general single mode fiber SMF-28, the situation of movement of LPFG transmission spectrum in extraneous variations in refractive index situation that the cycle is 500 μm, periodicity is 60.
Fig. 4 is scribed at cone waist diameter 84 μm, the situation of movement of LPFG transmission spectrum in extraneous variations in refractive index situation that the cycle is 500 μm, periodicity is 60.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention accompanying drawings is as follows:
Embodiment one:
This section of content, see Fig. 1, originally comprises the Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper long period fiber grating high sensitivity index sensor of zone of transition, comprises a single-mode fiber, the Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper formed through oxyhydrogen flame fused biconical taper by single-mode fiber, CO
2laser instrument inscribes long period fiber grating on Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper, it is characterized in that: described Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper part is heated by oxyhydrogen flame to make through fused biconical taper, comprises transitional region and cone territory, lumbar region; Long period fiber grating is by CO
2laser instrument is inscribed, and writing area includes transitional region and the cone territory, lumbar region of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper.The strong evanescent field environmental change generation high sensitivity characteristic to external world of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper; The coupling of long period fiber grating is fibre core basic mode and the coupling in the same way between cladding mode, closely related with the effective refractive index of cladding mode; And the change of extraneous refractive index can cause cladding mode effective refractive index to change, and then coupled mode is had an impact; The present invention, effectively in conjunction with the advantage of two kinds of optical fibre devices, makes a kind of refractive index and has highly sensitive fiber optic sensing device.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment is substantially identical with embodiment one, special feature: described single-mode fiber (1) cladding diameter is about 100 ~ 150 μm, and core diameter is about 7 ~ 10 μm; Territory, cone lumbar region (3) overall length of described fine pyrometric cone zone of transition (2) and Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper is 10 ~ 15mm, and cone waist (3) diameter 30 ~ 80 μm of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper, described long period fiber grating (4) length is 15 ~ 20mm.
Embodiment three:
The above-mentioned manufacture method comprising the Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper long period fiber grating high sensitivity index sensor of zone of transition, for the manufacture of above-mentioned index sensor, its manufacturing technology steps is as follows: first, and getting a length is 1m
the single-mode fiber (1) of 0.2m, peeling this single-mode fiber (1) center section length off is 10cm
the coat of 1cm, then draws cone machine to draw cone to it with oxyhydrogen flame, obtains the territory, cone lumbar region (3) of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper zone of transition (2) and Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper; Then the territory, cone lumbar region (3) of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper zone of transition (2) and Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper is fixed on CO
2on laser instrument, the two ends of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper zone of transition (2) connect light source and spectrometer respectively by wire jumper, then focused on the center in the territory, cone lumbar region (3) of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper by microscope, drawing a length with computer is 15 ~ 20mm long period fiber grating (4), control CO
2laser instrument inscribes long period fiber grating (4), by the real-time online measuring of spectrometer, obtains a good long period fiber grating of spectrum (4).So far, prepared by a kind of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper long period fiber grating high sensitivity index sensor comprising zone of transition.
Embodiment four:
See Fig. 1, originally comprise the Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper long period fiber grating high sensitivity index sensor of zone of transition, comprise a single-mode fiber (1), the territory, cone lumbar region (3) of the Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper zone of transition (2) formed through oxyhydrogen flame fused biconical taper by single-mode fiber and Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper, CO
2laser instrument inscribes long period fiber grating (4) on Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper, and described single-mode fiber (1) cladding diameter is about 125um, and core diameter is about 8.5um; The territory, cone lumbar region (3) of described Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper zone of transition (2) and Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper is formed through oxyhydrogen flame fused biconical taper by general single mode fiber, and length is 10 ~ 15mm, and cone waist diameter is 30 ~ 60 μm, and LPFG length is 15 ~ 20mm;
Fig. 2 is for utilizing CO
2laser instrument inscribes the schematic diagram of long period fiber grating on Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper.Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is respectively and is scribed at general single mode fiber and cone waist diameter 84 μm, cycle, to be 500 μm of periodicities be 60 the situation of movement of LPFG transmission spectrum in extraneous variations in refractive index situation, relatively, Fig. 4 shows that the involved in the present invention Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper long-period gratings index sensor comprising zone of transition has higher sensing sensitivity.
Claims (3)
1. one kind comprises the Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper long-period gratings high sensitivity index sensor of zone of transition, comprise the long-period gratings (4) that a single-mode fiber (1) and one section of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper in single-mode fiber (1) are inscribed, it is characterized in that: described long period fiber grating (4) is by CO
2laser instrument is inscribed, and writing area includes two zone of transition (2) territories and cone territory, lumbar region (3) of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper; Territory, cone lumbar region (3) part of described Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper zone of transition (2) and Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper is heated by oxyhydrogen flame to make through fused biconical taper.
2. a kind of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper long period fiber grating index sensor comprising zone of transition according to right 1, it is characterized in that described single-mode fiber (1) cladding diameter is about 100 ~ 150 μm, core diameter is about 7 ~ 10 μm; Territory, cone lumbar region (3) overall length of described fine pyrometric cone zone of transition (2) and Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper is 10 ~ 15mm, and cone waist (3) diameter 30 ~ 80 μm of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper, described long period fiber grating (4) length is 15 ~ 20mm.
3. one kind comprises the Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper long-period gratings high sensitivity index sensor manufacture method of zone of transition, for the manufacture of the Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper long-period gratings high sensitivity index sensor comprising zone of transition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that manufacturing step is as follows:
1) first, getting a length is 1m
the single-mode fiber (1) of 0.2m, peeling this single-mode fiber (1) center section length off is 10cm
the coat of 1cm;
2) then, draw cone machine to draw cone to it with oxyhydrogen flame, obtain the territory, cone lumbar region (3) of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper zone of transition (2) and Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper;
3) then, the territory, cone lumbar region (3) of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper zone of transition (2) and Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper is fixed on CO2 laser instrument, the two ends of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper zone of transition (2) are respectively by wire jumper link light source and spectrometer;
4) last, focused on the center of the lumbar regions (3) of Modulation Based on Optical Fiber Fused Taper by microscope, draw with computer the long period fiber grating (4) that a length is 15 ~ 20cm, inscribe long period fiber grating (4) by control CO2 laser instrument; By the real-time online measuring of spectrometer, obtain a good long period fiber grating (4).
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Application publication date: 20141224 |
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