CN106524295A - Regional building energy consumption predicting method - Google Patents

Regional building energy consumption predicting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106524295A
CN106524295A CN201611039294.4A CN201611039294A CN106524295A CN 106524295 A CN106524295 A CN 106524295A CN 201611039294 A CN201611039294 A CN 201611039294A CN 106524295 A CN106524295 A CN 106524295A
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China
Prior art keywords
energy consumption
building
formula
heating
calculate
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Application number
CN201611039294.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
罗淑湘
顾中煊
武艳丽
盛喜忧
王博铭
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Beijing Building Technology Development Co Ltd
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Beijing Building Technology Development Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201611039294.4A priority Critical patent/CN106524295A/en
Publication of CN106524295A publication Critical patent/CN106524295A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/02—Hot-water central heating systems with forced circulation, e.g. by pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values

Abstract

The invention discloses a regional building energy consumption predicting method. The regional building energy consumption predicting method comprises the steps of: S1, acquiring an annual energy consumption data sample set of buildings as data for building energy consumption prediction; S2, calculating cooling and heating loads of individual buildings, respectively, according to form of terminal air conditioners and heating equipment of the buildings; S3, calculating the energy consumption of cold and heat source related energy-consuming equipment of the buildings according to the cooling and heating loads of the individual buildings; S4, calculating the energy consumption of illumination equipment of the individual buildings; S5, calculating the energy consumption of electric equipment of the individual buildings; S6, calculating the energy consumption of power equipment of the individual buildings; S7, accumulating the energy consumption obtained in the steps S3, S4, S5 and S6 to obtain the annual energy consumption of the individual buildings; and S8, calculating the total energy consumption of all buildings in the region according to the annual energy consumption of the individual building. The method disclosed by the invention breaks through the limitation that for single building energy consumption prediction, an energy station is taken as a node, establishes an energy consumption predication calculating model of a building group in the region, and can provide a reliable ground for overall planning and management of regional energy sources.

Description

A kind of region building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology
Technical field
The present invention relates to energy field, in particular it relates to a kind of region building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology.
Background technology
In the energy-consuming main body of China, the ratio shared by building energy consumption has reached more than 30%, and building energy consumption is produced Raw greenhouse gases account for more than the 25% of China's greenhouse gases total release, with society development, China's building energy consumption and its The greenhouse gases total amount of generation also persistently can rise.Therefore under the overall background that the energy and environmental problem go from bad to worse, building section One of focus of common concern in the range of the whole society can be had become.Accurately and effectively predict building energy consumption for front term area energy Source planning, building energy conservation optimization design and the building operation management in later stage have great significance.Due to building energy consumption system It is related to the heat-moisture transfer process of complicated mechanism, is many disturbance complication systems of typical multivariable, non-linear, close coupling, adopts It is very difficult with building energy consumption forecast model is set up based on the method for heat-moisture transfer mechanism.Generally individually using single in prior art Building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology, the method prediction it is single, as a result accuracy is poor, to Regional Energy overall planning with manage for, Reliable basis cannot be provided.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of existing single building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology of breakthrough, calculates knot Fruit accurately, the strong region building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology of reference role, can be in time Urban planners, architectural design personnel and Building operation management personnel provide the consumption information of building, carry out related work in order to more science.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of region building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology, it is characterised in that include：
Step S1：The annual energy consumption data sample set of building is obtained, as building energy consumption prediction data；
Step S2：According to building tail end air conditioner, the form of heating equipment, the cooling and heating load of single building is calculated respectively；
Step S3：The related energy consumption with energy equipment of building heat and cold sources is calculated according to single building cooling and heating load；
Step S4：Calculate the energy consumption of single building lighting apparatus；
Step S5：Calculate the energy consumption of single building electrical equipment；
Step S6：Calculate the energy consumption of single building power-equipment；
Step S7：Add up energy consumption is obtained in above-mentioned steps S3, S4, S5, S6, obtain single building whole year energy consumption；
Step S8：According to all building total energy consumptions in single building whole year energy consumption calculation region.
Further, the building whole year energy consumption data sample set in step S1 is passed through using orthogonal test method EQUEST dynamic calculations are obtained, as building energy consumption prediction data after being then normalized.
Further, in step S2, the method for the cooling and heating load of calculating single building is：Wherein building cooling load is adopted With the engineering simplification algorithm of Harmonic Method, by by when calculate；Heating load is calculated using steady method.
Further, the concrete grammar that the cooling and heating load of single building is calculated in step S2 is as follows：
Calculate exterior wall and roofing to conduct heat the hourly cooling load to be formed
CLqi=K F (twi-tn) (1)
CLmi=K F (twi-tn) (2)
In formula (1) (2)
CLqiThe hourly cooling load that exterior wall is formed, W；
CLmiThe hourly cooling load that roofing is formed, W；
The heat transfer coefficient of K exterior walls or roofing, W/ (m2·℃)；
F exterior walls or roofing area, m2；
twiThe comprehensive calculation of cooling load temperature of exterior wall or roofing by duration, DEG C；
tnRoom conditioning design temperature, DEG C；
Wherein the comprehensive calculation of cooling load temperature of exterior wall or roofing by duration twiBy outdoor dry-bulb temperature by duration and too Sun radiation produces temperature rise two parts composition：
twi=ti+Δs (3)
In formula (3)
tiOutdoor dry-bulb temperature can forecast determination according to typical meteorological year or real-time weather by duration, DEG C；
The exterior wall of Δ s solar radiations generation, roofing temperature rise, DEG C；
Δ s is calculated according to the following formula：
In formula (4)
α surfaces solar radiative absorption rate；
GθtBuilding enclosure surface total solar radiation amount, W/m2；
h0Building enclosure outer surface convection transfer rate, W/ (m2·K)；
Heat radiation correction term；
Calculate the hourly cooling load that the exterior window temperature difference is formed
QCLi=KC·FC·C1·(tci-tn) (5)
In formula (5)
QCLiThe hourly cooling load that exterior window different transfer of heat is formed, W；
KCOuter heat transfer coefficient of window, W/ (m2·℃)；
FCOuter window ara, m2；
tciExterior window hourly cooling load calculates temperature, DEG C；
C1Different type window frame heat transfer correction factor；
tnAir-conditioning indoor design temperature, DEG C；
Calculate the hourly cooling load that exterior window solar radiation is formed
Qsolari=SHGC Aw·Isvi·Cn·Cw (6)
In formula (6)
QsolariIndoor solar radiation quantity, W are reached through windowpane；
SHGC solar radiation coefficients, dimensionless number；
AwGlass pane net area, m2；
IsviThe each direction of correspondence by when intensity of solar radiation, W/m2；
CnThe shading coefficient of window internal sunshade facility；
CwThe shading coefficient of sunshading facility outside window；
Computing staff's hourly cooling load
In formula (7)
q3SiPersonnel's sensible heat radiating hourly cooling load, W；
N is number in building, people；
λ be personnel by when in room rate, %；
C3For human body sensible heat heat dissipation capacity, W/ people；
Cluster coefficient；
The calculation of cooling load formula caused by the radiating of human body latent heat
In formula (8)
q3LiPersonnel's latent heat radiating hourly cooling load, W；
N is number in building, people；
C3For human body latent heat heat dissipation capacity, W/ people；
Cluster coefficient；
Personnel's hourly cooling load computing formula
q3i=q3si+q3Li (9)
Calculate illumination hourly cooling load
q4i=η ε C4·P·S (10)
In formula (10)
q4iIllumination hourly cooling load, W；
η builds utilization rate, %；
ε lighting installations by when utilization rate, %；
C4Illuminating and heat radiating load coefficient；
P lighting apparatus power densities, W/m2；
S construction areas, m2；
Calculate electrical equipment hourly cooling load
q5i=η ε C5·P·S (11)
In formula (11)
q5iElectrical equipment hourly cooling load, W；
η builds utilization rate, %；
ε appliances by when utilization rate, %；
C5Electrical equipment cooling load coefficient；
P electrical equipment power densities, W/m2；
S construction areas, m2；
Calculate fresh air hourly cooling load
Fresh air hourly cooling load computing formula
q2i=G (hW-hn) (12)
In formula (12)
q2iFresh air hourly cooling load, W；
G resh air requirements, kg/s；
hWOutdoor air by when enthalpy, J/kg；
hnRoom air by when enthalpy, J/kg；
Calculate air-conditioning hourly cooling load
Qi=CLqi+CLmi+QCLi+Qsolari+q2i+q3i+q4i+q5i (14)
In formula (14)
QiAir-conditioning hourly cooling load, W；
Calculate building enclosure basic heat loss
Q1=K F (tw-tn) (15)
In formula (15)
Q1Heat transfer across wall amount, W；
K enclosure structure heat transfer coefficients, W/ (m2·℃)；
F building enclosure areas, m2；
twWinter air-conditioning/outdoor design temperature for heating, DEG C；
tnWinter indoor design temperature, DEG C；
Calculate the heat loss by infiltration of heating building
Q2=0.278nk·Vn·cp·ρw(tn-tw) (16)
In formula (16)
Q2Heat loss by infiltration, W
nkRoom rate of ventilation, secondary/h；
VnHouse interior volume, m3；
cpThe specific heat at constant pressure of cold air, cp=1.005kJ/ (kg. DEG C)
ρWAtmospheric density at a temperature of the outdoor calculating of heating, kg/m3；
twWinter air-conditioning/outdoor design temperature for heating, DEG C；
tnWinter indoor design temperature, DEG C；
0.278 Units conversion factor, 1kJ/h=0.278W
Calculate building total heat duties
Heating or air-conditioning thermic load
Qc=Q1+Q2 (17)
Further, the concrete grammar of energy consumption of the related energy equipment of single building Cooling and Heat Source is calculated in step S3 such as Under：
Calculate low-temperature receiver energy consumption
(corresponding is that heat pump, two kinds of equipment coolings of handpiece Water Chilling Units are respectively adopted for handpiece Water Chilling Units or heat pump Calculation Method of Energy Consumption Low-temperature receiver Calculation Method of Energy Consumption, two kinds of computational methods are identical)
In formula (19)
NiSummer air-conditioning by when power consumption, W
QiAir-conditioning hourly cooling load, W；
EERiHandpiece Water Chilling Units by when the coefficient of performance, W；
Refrigeration year power consumption
Na=∑ Ni/1000 (20)
In formula (20)
NaHandpiece Water Chilling Units year power consumption, kWh/a
I supplies cold period hourage, h；
Calculate thermal source energy consumption
Heating annual heat consumption
In formula (21)
Qn·aHeating annual heat consumption, KW.h/a；
QcDesign space-heating load, kW；
D heating period number of days
twWinter heating calculates temperature outside room, DEG C；
tnWinter indoor design temperature, DEG C；
tpjThe outdoor mean temperature of heating, DEG C；
Heat pump Calculation Method of Energy Consumption
In formula (23)
NAHeat pump power consumption
COP source pump coefficient of performance in heating；
Calculate blower fan of cooling tower power consumption
Cooling tower water flow
In formula (24)
LtiCooling water flow, m3/h；
QiAir-conditioning hourly cooling load, kW；
The heat gain coefficient of wasted work during k refrigeration machine coolings；
Δ t cooling waters pass in and out water temperature difference, DEG C；
Blower fan of cooling tower power
Nti=∈ Lti (25)
In formula (25)
LtiCooling tower water flow, m3/h；
∈ power consumptions ratio, G types tower are not more than 0.05kW/ (m3/ h), its alloytype tower is not more than 0.035kW/ (m3/h)；
NtiBlower fan of cooling tower by when power consumption, kW
Blower fan of cooling tower power consumption
Nt·a=∑ Nti (26)
In formula (26)
Nt·aCooling tower year power consumption, kWh；
I supplies cold period hourage, h；
Calculations of air conditioner system pump energy consumption
User side pump energy consumption computational methods
In formula (27)
NzbiChilled water pump by when power consumption, kW；
LkiChilled-water flow, m3/h；
HkiChilled water system resistance, m；
η pump efficiencies；
Wherein
In formula (28)
LkiChilled-water flow, m3/h；
QiAir-conditioning hourly cooling load, kW；
ΔtkChilled water passes in and out water temperature difference, DEG C；
Hki=Δ Pm+ΔPj+ΔP (29)
In formula (29)
HkiChilled water system resistance, m；
ΔPmChilled water system on-way resistance, m；
ΔPjChilled water system local resistance, m；
Δ P end-equipment resistances, m；
Condensation side pump energy consumption computational methods
In formula (30)
NlbiCooling water pump by when power consumption, kW；
LtiCooling water flow, m3/h；
HtiCooling water system resistance, m；
η pump efficiencies；
Hti=Δ Pm+ΔPj+ΔP (31)
In formula (31)
HtiCooling water system resistance, m；
ΔPmCooling water system on-way resistance, m；
ΔPjCooling water system local resistance, m；
Δ P cooling tower resistances, m；
Water pump year power consumption
Nb·a=∑ (Nzbi+Nlbi) (32)
In formula (32)
Nb·aWater pump year power consumption, kWh；
I supplies cold period hourage, h；
Calculate heating system pump energy consumption
Heating system pump energy consumption computational methods
In formula (33)
NcHeating system water pump power consumption, kW；
LcHeating system discharge, m3/h；
HcHeating system resistance, m；
η pump efficiencies；
Wherein
In formula (34)
LcHeating system discharge, m3/h；
QcHeating Load, kW；
ΔtcHeating system passes in and out water temperature difference, DEG C；
Hc=Δ Pm+ΔPj+ΔP (35)
In formula (35)
HcHeating system resistance, m；
ΔPmHeating system on-way resistance, m；
ΔPjHeating system local resistance, m；
Δ P end-equipment resistances, m；
Heating system water pump year power consumption
Nc·a=Nc·24·d (36)
In formula (36)
Nc.aHeating system water pump power consumption, kWh；
D days of heating periods.
Further, the concrete grammar that single building lighting apparatus energy consumption is calculated in step S4 is as follows：
Illuminator by when Calculation Method of Energy Consumption
Qmi=η ε P S (37)
In formula (37)
QmiIlluminator by when energy consumption, W；
η builds utilization rate, %；
ε by when lighting apparatus concurrent signatures, %；
P lighting apparatus power densities, W/m2；
S construction areas, m2；
Illuminator year energy consumption
Qm·a=Σ Qmi (38)
In formula (38)
I illuminates hourage, h.
Further, the concrete grammar that single building electrical equipment energy consumption is calculated in step S5 is as follows：
Electrical equipment by when Calculation Method of Energy Consumption
Qsbi=η ε P S (39)
In formula (39)
QsbiElectrical equipment by when energy consumption, W；
η builds utilization rate, %；
ε by when electrical equipment concurrent signatures, %；
P electrical equipment power densities, W/m2；
S construction areas, m2；
Electrical equipment year energy consumption
Qsb=Σ Qsbi (40)
In formula (40)
I electric equipment operation hourages, h.
Further, the concrete grammar that single building power-equipment energy consumption is calculated in step S6 is as follows：
The building dynamical system energy consumption mainly considers elevator energy consumption；
Elevator by when Calculation Method of Energy Consumption
In formula (41)
QdtiElevator by when energy consumption, W；
K1Drive system coefficient；
K2Average range ability coefficient；
K3Elevator by when loading coefficient；
H maximum range abilities；
F by when number of run；
P elevator rated power, W；
V elevator speeds, m/s.
Wherein by when number of run F it is related to building number of users, if it is N that building has number of users, and elevator can accommodate Number n is relevant:
In formula (42)
K4Building user of service by when use elevator ratio；
Qdt=∑ Qdti (43)
In formula (43)
I elevator hours of operations, h.
Further, the concrete grammar that single building whole year energy consumption is calculated in step S7 is as follows：
The year energy consumption of single building refrigeration system
M1=Na+Nba+Nta (44)
The year energy consumption of single building heating system
M2=NA+Nca (45)
Single building illumination, electrical equipment, power-equipment total energy consumption
M3=Qma+Qdt+Qsb (46)。
Further, the concrete grammar of step S8 is as follows：
After the energy consumption calculation of all building concentrations in region is gone out, added up according to above formula, you can draw region Interior building year total energy consumption, will by when energy consumption added up, can draw groups of building in region by when energy consumption.
At least had the advantages that by adopting above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention：
The present invention is using statistics and accurately simulates the method for combining, and on the basis of forefathers' research establishes a set of examining Worry factor compared with comprehensively, with physical significance, amount of calculation is little, calculating speed is fast, the accurate groups of building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology of result, In terms of urban area ENERGY PLANNING, architectural design and lectotype selection, building operation management can be applied to simultaneously.The method adopts work Journey simplifies algorithm and calculates Building Cooling load, at the same consider building intraoral illumination, electrically, the service condition of power-equipment, according to building Build the use time with equipment, calculating Cooling and Heat Source energy equipment and architectural lighting, the electrical equipment energy consumption of science, then by area Each building energy consumption in domain adds up, you can draw the status of energy consumption of region groups of building.This method breaches single building energy consumption Prediction, with energy source station as node, establishes the energy consumption prediction computation model of groups of building in region, can make overall planning for Regional Energy Reliable basis are provided with management.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of corresponding illustraton of model of region building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
A kind of region building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology of the present invention, including：
Step S1：The annual energy consumption data sample set of building is obtained, as building energy consumption prediction data；
Step S2：According to building tail end air conditioner, the form of heating equipment, the cooling and heating load of single building is calculated respectively；
Step S3：The related energy consumption with energy equipment of building heat and cold sources is calculated according to single building cooling and heating load；
Step S4：Calculate the energy consumption of single building lighting apparatus；
Step S5：Calculate the energy consumption of single building electrical equipment；
Step S6：Calculate the energy consumption of single building power-equipment；
Step S7：Add up energy consumption is obtained in above-mentioned steps S3, S4, S5, S6, obtain single building whole year energy consumption；
Step S8：According to all building total energy consumptions in single building whole year energy consumption calculation region.
Building whole year energy consumption data sample set in above-mentioned steps S1 is dynamic by EQUEST using orthogonal test method Calculate and obtain, as building energy consumption prediction data after being then normalized.
In above-mentioned steps S2, the method for the cooling and heating load of calculating single building is：Wherein building cooling load is using Harmonic Method Engineering simplification algorithm, by by when calculate；Heating load is calculated using steady method.
Coordinate shown in Fig. 1 below, the region building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology of the present invention is carried out being developed in details in description：
The concrete grammar that the cooling and heating load of single building is calculated in above-mentioned steps S2 is as follows：
Calculate exterior wall and roofing to conduct heat the hourly cooling load to be formed
CLqi=K F (twi-tn) (1)
CLmi=K F (twi-tn) (2)
In formula (1) (2)
CLqiThe hourly cooling load that exterior wall is formed, W；
CLmiThe hourly cooling load that roofing is formed, W；
The heat transfer coefficient of K exterior walls or roofing, W/ (m2·℃)；
F exterior walls or roofing area, m2；
twiThe comprehensive calculation of cooling load temperature of exterior wall or roofing by duration, DEG C；
tnRoom conditioning design temperature, DEG C；
Wherein the comprehensive calculation of cooling load temperature of exterior wall or roofing by duration twiBy outdoor dry-bulb temperature by duration and too Sun radiation produces temperature rise two parts composition：
twi=ti+Δs (3)
In formula (3)
tiOutdoor dry-bulb temperature can forecast determination according to typical meteorological year or real-time weather by duration, DEG C；
The exterior wall of Δ s solar radiations generation, roofing temperature rise, DEG C；
Δ s is calculated according to the following formula：
In formula (4)
α surfaces solar radiative absorption rate；
GθtBuilding enclosure surface total solar radiation amount, W/m2；
h0Building enclosure outer surface convection transfer rate, W/ (m2·K)；
Heat radiation correction term；
Calculate the hourly cooling load that the exterior window temperature difference is formed
QCLi=KC·FC·C1·(tci-tn) (5)
In formula (5)
QCLiThe hourly cooling load that exterior window different transfer of heat is formed, W；
KCOuter heat transfer coefficient of window, W/ (m2·℃)；
FCOuter window ara, m2；
tciExterior window hourly cooling load calculates temperature, DEG C；
C1Different type window frame heat transfer correction factor；
tnAir-conditioning indoor design temperature, DEG C；
Calculate the hourly cooling load that exterior window solar radiation is formed
Qsolari=SHGC Aw·Isvi·Cn·Cw (6)
In formula (6)
QsolariIndoor solar radiation quantity, W are reached through windowpane；
SHGC solar radiation coefficients, dimensionless number；
AwGlass pane net area, m2；
IsviThe each direction of correspondence by when intensity of solar radiation, W/m2；
CnThe shading coefficient of window internal sunshade facility；
CWThe shading coefficient of sunshading facility outside window；
Computing staff's hourly cooling load
In formula (7)
q3SiPersonnel's sensible heat radiating hourly cooling load, W；
N is number in building, people；
λ be personnel by when in room rate, %；
C3For human body sensible heat heat dissipation capacity, W/ people；
Cluster coefficient；
The calculation of cooling load formula caused by the radiating of human body latent heat
In formula (8)
q3LiPersonnel's latent heat radiating hourly cooling load, W；
N is number in building, people；
C3For human body latent heat heat dissipation capacity, W/ people；
Cluster coefficient；
Personnel's hourly cooling load computing formula
q3i=q3si+q3Li (9)
Calculate illumination hourly cooling load
q4i=η ε C4·P·S (10)
In formula (10)
q4iIllumination hourly cooling load, W；
η builds utilization rate, %；
ε lighting installations by when utilization rate, %；
C4Illuminating and heat radiating load coefficient；
P lighting apparatus power densities, W/m2；
S construction areas, m2；
Calculate electrical equipment hourly cooling load
q5i=η ε C5·P·S (11)
In formula (11)
q5iElectrical equipment hourly cooling load, W；
η builds utilization rate, %；
ε appliances by when utilization rate, %；
C5Electrical equipment cooling load coefficient；
P electrical equipment power densities, W/m2；
S construction areas, m2；
Calculate fresh air hourly cooling load
Fresh air hourly cooling load computing formula
q2i=G (hW-hn) (12)
In formula (12)
q2iFresh air hourly cooling load, W；
G resh air requirements, kg/s；
hWOutdoor air by when enthalpy, J/kg；
hnRoom air by when enthalpy, J/kg；
Calculate air-conditioning hourly cooling load
Qi=CLqi+CLmi+QCLi+Qsolari+q2i+q3i+q4i+q5i (14)
In formula (14)
QiAir-conditioning hourly cooling load, W；
Calculate building enclosure basic heat loss
Q1=K F (tw-tn) (15)
In formula (15)
Q1Heat transfer across wall amount, W；
K enclosure structure heat transfer coefficients, W/ (m2·℃)；
F building enclosure areas, m2；
twWinter air-conditioning/outdoor design temperature for heating, DEG C；
tnWinter indoor design temperature, DEG C；
Calculate the heat loss by infiltration of heating building
Q2=0.278nk·Vn·cp·ρw(tn-tw) (16)
In formula (16)
Q2Heat loss by infiltration, W
nkRoom rate of ventilation, secondary/h；
VnHouse interior volume, m3；
cpThe specific heat at constant pressure of cold air, cp=1.005kJ/ (kg. DEG C)
ρWAtmospheric density at a temperature of the outdoor calculating of heating, kg/m3；
twWinter air-conditioning/outdoor design temperature for heating, DEG C；
tnWinter indoor design temperature, DEG C；
0.278 Units conversion factor, 1kJ/h=0.278W
Calculate building total heat duties
Heating or air-conditioning thermic load
Qc=Q1+Q2 (17)
The concrete grammar that the energy consumption of the related energy equipment of single building Cooling and Heat Source is calculated in above-mentioned steps S3 is as follows：
Calculate low-temperature receiver energy consumption
(corresponding is that heat pump, two kinds of equipment coolings of handpiece Water Chilling Units are respectively adopted for handpiece Water Chilling Units or heat pump Calculation Method of Energy Consumption Low-temperature receiver Calculation Method of Energy Consumption, two kinds of computational methods are identical)
In formula (19)
NiSummer air-conditioning by when power consumption, W
QiAir-conditioning hourly cooling load, W；
EERiHandpiece Water Chilling Units by when the coefficient of performance, W；
Refrigeration year power consumption
Na=Σ Ni/1000 (20)
In formula (20)
NaHandpiece Water Chilling Units year power consumption, kWh/a
I supplies cold period hourage, h；
Calculate thermal source energy consumption
Heating annual heat consumption
In formula (21)
Qn·aHeating annual heat consumption, KW.h/a；
QcDesign space-heating load, kW；
D heating period number of days
twWinter heating calculates temperature outside room, DEG C；
tnWinter indoor design temperature, DEG C；
tpjThe outdoor mean temperature of heating, DEG C；
Heat pump Calculation Method of Energy Consumption
In formula (23)
NAHeat pump power consumption
COP source pump coefficient of performance in heating；
Calculate blower fan of cooling tower power consumption
Cooling tower water flow
In formula (24)
LtiCooling water flow, m3/h；
QiAir-conditioning hourly cooling load, kW；
The heat gain coefficient of wasted work during k refrigeration machine coolings；
Δ t cooling waters pass in and out water temperature difference, DEG C；
Blower fan of cooling tower power
Nti=∈ Lti (25)
In formula (25)
LtiCooling tower water flow, m3/h；
∈ power consumptions ratio, G types tower are not more than 0.05kW/ (m3/ h), its alloytype tower is not more than 0.035kW/ (m3/h)；
NtiBlower fan of cooling tower by when power consumption, kW
Blower fan of cooling tower power consumption
Nt·a=∑ Nti (26)
In formula (26)
Nt·aCooling tower year power consumption, kWh；
I supplies cold period hourage, h；
Calculations of air conditioner system pump energy consumption
User side pump energy consumption computational methods
In formula (27)
NzbiChilled water pump by when power consumption, kW；
LkiChilled-water flow, m3/h；
HkiChilled water system resistance, m；
η pump efficiencies；
Wherein
In formula (28)
LkiChilled-water flow, m3/h；
QiAir-conditioning hourly cooling load, kW；
ΔtkChilled water passes in and out water temperature difference, DEG C；
Hki=Δ Pm+ΔPj+ΔP (29)
In formula (29)
HkiChilled water system resistance, m；
ΔPmChilled water system on-way resistance, m；
ΔPjChilled water system local resistance, m；
Δ P end-equipment resistances, m；
Condensation side pump energy consumption computational methods
In formula (30)
NlbiCooling water pump by when power consumption, kW；
LtiCooling water flow, m3/h；
HtiCooling water system resistance, m；
η pump efficiencies；
Hti=Δ Pm+ΔPj+ΔP (31)
In formula (31)
HtiCooling water system resistance, m；
ΔPmCooling water system on-way resistance, m；
ΔPjCooling water system local resistance, m；
Δ P cooling tower resistances, m；
Water pump year power consumption
Nb·a=Σ (Nzbi+Nlbi) (32)
In formula (32)
Nb·aWater pump year power consumption, kWh；
I supplies cold period hourage, h；
Calculate heating system pump energy consumption
Heating system pump energy consumption computational methods
In formula (33)
NcHeating system water pump power consumption, kW；
LcHeating system discharge, m3/h；
HcHeating system resistance, m；
η pump efficiencies；
Wherein
In formula (34)
LcHeating system discharge, m3/h；
QcHeating Load, kW；
ΔtcHeating system passes in and out water temperature difference, DEG C；
Hc=Δ Pm+ΔPj+ΔP (35)
In formula (35)
HcHeating system resistance, m；
ΔPmHeating system on-way resistance, m；
ΔPjHeating system local resistance, m；
Δ P end-equipment resistances, m；
Heating system water pump year power consumption
Nc·a=Nc·24·d (36)
In formula (36)
Nc.aHeating system water pump power consumption, kWh；
D days of heating periods.
The concrete grammar that single building lighting apparatus energy consumption is calculated in above-mentioned steps S4 is as follows：
Illuminator by when Calculation Method of Energy Consumption
Qmi=η ε P S (37)
In formula (37)
QmiIlluminator by when energy consumption, W；
η builds utilization rate, %；
ε by when lighting apparatus concurrent signatures, %；
P lighting apparatus power densities, W/m2；
S construction areas, m2；
Illuminator year energy consumption
Qm·a=∑ Qmi (38)
In formula (38)
I illuminates hourage, h.
The concrete grammar that single building electrical equipment energy consumption is calculated in above-mentioned steps S5 is as follows：
Electrical equipment by when Calculation Method of Energy Consumption
Qsbi=η ε P S (39)
In formula (39)
QsbiElectrical equipment by when energy consumption, W；
η builds utilization rate, %；
ε by when electrical equipment concurrent signatures, %；
P electrical equipment power densities, W/m2；
S construction areas, m2；
Electrical equipment year energy consumption
Qsb=∑ Qsbi (40)
In formula (40)
I electric equipment operation hourages, h.
The concrete grammar that single building power-equipment energy consumption is calculated in above-mentioned steps S6 is as follows：
The building dynamical system energy consumption mainly considers elevator energy consumption；
Elevator by when Calculation Method of Energy Consumption
In formula (41)
QdtiElevator by when energy consumption, W；
K1Drive system coefficient；
K2Average range ability coefficient；
K3Elevator by when loading coefficient；
H maximum range abilities；
F by when number of run；
P elevator rated power, W；
V elevator speeds, m/s.
Wherein by when number of run F it is related to building number of users, if it is N that building has number of users, and elevator can accommodate Number n is relevant:
In formula (42)
K4Building user of service by when use elevator ratio；
Qdt=Σ Qdti (43)
In formula (43)
I elevator hours of operations, h.
The concrete grammar that single building whole year energy consumption is calculated in above-mentioned steps S7 is as follows：
The year energy consumption of single building refrigeration system
M1=Na+Nba+Nta (44)
The year energy consumption of single building heating system
M2=NA+Nca (45)
Single building illumination, electrical equipment, power-equipment total energy consumption
M3=Qma+Qdt+Qsb (46)。
The concrete grammar of above-mentioned steps S8 is as follows：
After the energy consumption calculation of all building concentrations in region is gone out, added up according to above formula, you can draw region Interior building year total energy consumption, will by when energy consumption added up, can draw groups of building in region by when energy consumption.
In sum, region building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology overall procedure of the invention：The first step, first collecting zone are built-in The relevant information built, calculates the cooling and heating load of single building one by one, and wherein building cooling load is calculated using the engineering simplification of Harmonic Method Method, by by when calculate；Heating load is calculated using steady method.Relevant device institute is calculated according to cooling and heating load Power consumption is needed, building air conditioning and heating energy consumption is calculated.Second step, calculate architectural lighting and equipment by when energy consumption, according to use Time is added up, and obtains annual energy consumption.3rd step, one by one by single building air-conditioning heating energy consumption, lighting energy consumption and other use Energy equipment energy consumption superposition is the year energy consumption of each single building.4th step, is added to all building energy consumptions in region, obtains Go out the energy input of groups of building in region.By above-mentioned Forecasting Methodology, it is Urban planners, architectural design personnel and building operation Administrative staff provide building and the consumption information in region, carry out related work in order to more science.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of region building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology, it is characterised in that include：
Step S1：The annual energy consumption data sample set of building is obtained, as building energy consumption prediction data；
Step S2：According to building tail end air conditioner, the form of heating equipment, the cooling and heating load of single building is calculated respectively；
Step S3：The related energy consumption with energy equipment of building heat and cold sources is calculated according to single building cooling and heating load；
Step S4：Calculate the energy consumption of single building lighting apparatus；
Step S5：Calculate the energy consumption of single building electrical equipment；
Step S6：Calculate the energy consumption of single building power-equipment；
Step S7：Add up energy consumption is obtained in above-mentioned steps S3, S4, S5, S6, obtain single building whole year energy consumption；
Step S8：According to all building total energy consumptions in single building whole year energy consumption calculation region.
2. building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology in region according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the building in step S1 is complete Year energy consumption data sample set is obtained by EQUEST dynamic calculations using orthogonal test method, after being then normalized As building energy consumption prediction data.
3. building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology in region according to claim 1, it is characterised in that calculate monomer in step S2 The method of the cooling and heating load of building is：Wherein building cooling load using Harmonic Method engineering simplification algorithm, by by when calculate Go out；Heating load is calculated using steady method.
4. building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology in region according to claim 1, it is characterised in that calculate monomer in step S2 The concrete grammar of the cooling and heating load of building is as follows：
Calculate exterior wall and roofing to conduct heat the hourly cooling load to be formed
CLqi=K F (twi-tn) (1)
CLmi=K F (twi-tn) (2)
In formula (1) (2)
CLqiThe hourly cooling load that exterior wall is formed, W；
CLmiThe hourly cooling load that roofing is formed, W；
The heat transfer coefficient of K exterior walls or roofing, W/ (m2·℃)；
F exterior walls or roofing area, m2；
twiThe comprehensive calculation of cooling load temperature of exterior wall or roofing by duration, DEG C；
tnRoom conditioning design temperature, DEG C；
Wherein the comprehensive calculation of cooling load temperature of exterior wall or roofing by duration twiBy outdoor dry-bulb temperature by duration and sun spoke Penetrate generation temperature rise two parts composition：
twi=ti+Δs (3)
In formula (3)
tiOutdoor dry-bulb temperature can forecast determination according to typical meteorological year or real-time weather by duration, DEG C；
The exterior wall of Δ s solar radiations generation, roofing temperature rise, DEG C；
Δ s is calculated according to the following formula：
In formula (4)
α surfaces solar radiative absorption rate；
GθtBuilding enclosure surface total solar radiation amount, W/m2；
h0Building enclosure outer surface convection transfer rate, W/ (m2·K)；
Heat radiation correction term；
Calculate the hourly cooling load that the exterior window temperature difference is formed
QCLi=KC·FC·C1·(tci-tn) (5)
In formula (5)
QCLiThe hourly cooling load that exterior window different transfer of heat is formed, W；
KCOuter heat transfer coefficient of window, W/ (m2·℃)；
FCOuter window ara, m2；
tciExterior window hourly cooling load calculates temperature, DEG C；
C1Different type window frame heat transfer correction factor；
tnAir-conditioning indoor design temperature, DEG C；
Calculate the hourly cooling load that exterior window solar radiation is formed
Qsolan=SHGC Aw·Isvi·Cn·Cw (6)
In formula (6)
QsolariIndoor solar radiation quantity, W are reached through windowpane；
SHGC solar radiation coefficients, dimensionless number；
AWGlass pane net area, m2；
IsviThe each direction of correspondence by when intensity of solar radiation, W/m2；
CnThe shading coefficient of window internal sunshade facility；
CwThe shading coefficient of sunshading facility outside window；
Computing staff's hourly cooling load
In formula (7)
q3SiPersonnel's sensible heat radiating hourly cooling load, W；
N is number in building, people；
λ be personnel by when in room rate, %；
C3For human body sensible heat heat dissipation capacity, W/ people；
Cluster coefficient；
The calculation of cooling load formula caused by the radiating of human body latent heat
In formula (8)
q3LiPersonnel's latent heat radiating hourly cooling load, W；
N is number in building, people；
C3For human body latent heat heat dissipation capacity, W/ people；
Cluster coefficient；
Personnel's hourly cooling load computing formula
q3i=q3Si+q3Li (9)
Calculate illumination hourly cooling load
q4i=η ε C4·P·S (10)
In formula (10)
q4iIllumination hourly cooling load, W；
η builds utilization rate, %；
ε lighting installations by when utilization rate, %；
C4Illuminating and heat radiating load coefficient；
P lighting apparatus power densities, W/m2；
S construction areas, m2；
Calculate electrical equipment hourly cooling load
q5i=η ε C5·P·S (11)
In formula (11)
q5iElectrical equipment hourly cooling load, W；
η builds utilization rate, %；
ε appliances by when utilization rate, %；
C5Electrical equipment cooling load coefficient；
P electrical equipment power densities, W/m2；
S construction areas, m2；
Calculate fresh air hourly cooling load
Fresh air hourly cooling load computing formula
q2i=G (hW-hn) (12)
In formula (12)
q2iFresh air hourly cooling load, W；
G resh air requirements, kg/s；
hWOutdoor air by when enthalpy, J/kg；
hnRoom air by when enthalpy, J/kg；
Calculate air-conditioning hourly cooling load
Qi=CLqi+CLmi+QCLi+Qsolari+q2i+q3i+q4i+q5i (14)
In formula (14)
QiAir-conditioning hourly cooling load, W；
Calculate building enclosure basic heat loss
Q1=K F (tw-tn) (15)
In formula (15)
Q1Heat transfer across wall amount, W；
K enclosure structure heat transfer coefficients, W/ (m2·℃)；
F building enclosure areas, m2；
tWWinter air-conditioning/outdoor design temperature for heating, DEG C；
tnWinter indoor design temperature, DEG C；
Calculate the heat loss by infiltration of heating building
Q2=0.278nk·Vn·cp·ρw(tn-tw) (16)
In formula (16)
Q2Heat loss by infiltration, W
nkRoom rate of ventilation, secondary/h；
VnHouse interior volume, m3；
cpThe specific heat at constant pressure of cold air, cp=1.005kJ/ (kg. DEG C)
ρwAtmospheric density at a temperature of the outdoor calculating of heating, kg/m3；
twWinter air-conditioning/outdoor design temperature for heating, DEG C；
tnWinter indoor design temperature, DEG C；
0.278 Units conversion factor, 1kJ/h=0.278W
Calculate building total heat duties
Heating or air-conditioning thermic load
Qc=Q1+Q2 (17)。
5. building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology in region according to claim 4, it is characterised in that calculate monomer in step S3 The concrete grammar of the related energy consumption with energy equipment of building heat and cold sources is as follows：
Calculate low-temperature receiver energy consumption
Handpiece Water Chilling Units or heat pump Calculation Method of Energy Consumption
In formula (19)
NiSummer air-conditioning by when power consumption, W
QiAir-conditioning hourly cooling load, W；
EERiHandpiece Water Chilling Units by when the coefficient of performance, W；
Refrigeration year power consumption
Na=∑ Ni/1000 (20)
In formula (20)
NaHandpiece Water Chilling Units year power consumption, kWh/a
I supplies cold period hourage, h；
Calculate thermal source energy consumption
Heating annual heat consumption
In formula (21)
Qn·aHeating annual heat consumption, KW.h/a；
QcDesign space-heating load, kW；
D heating period number of days
twWinter heating calculates temperature outside room, DEG C；
tnWinter indoor design temperature, DEG C；
tpj`The outdoor mean temperature of heating, DEG C；
Heat pump Calculation Method of Energy Consumption
In formula (23)
NAHeat pump power consumption
COP source pump coefficient of performance in heating；
Calculate blower fan of cooling tower power consumption
Cooling tower water flow
In formula (24)
LtiCooling water flow, m3/h；
QiAir-conditioning hourly cooling load, kW；
The heat gain coefficient of wasted work during k refrigeration machine coolings；
Δ t cooling waters pass in and out water temperature difference, DEG C；
Blower fan of cooling tower power
Nti=∈ Lti (25)
In formula (25)
LtiCooling tower water flow, m3/h；
∈ power consumptions ratio, G types tower are not more than 0.05kW/ (m3/ h), its alloytype tower is not more than 0.035kW/ (m3/h)；
NtiBlower fan of cooling tower by when power consumption, kW
Blower fan of cooling tower power consumption
Nt·a=∑ Nti (26)
In formula (26)
Nt·aCooling tower year power consumption, kWh；
I supplies cold period hourage, h；
Calculations of air conditioner system pump energy consumption
User side pump energy consumption computational methods
In formula (27)
NzbiChilled water pump by when power consumption, kW；
LkiChilled-water flow, m3/h；
HkiChilled water system resistance, m；
η pump efficiencies；
Wherein
In formula (28)
LkiChilled-water flow, m3/h；
QiAir-conditioning hourly cooling load, kW；
ΔtkChilled water passes in and out water temperature difference, DEG C；
Hki=Δ Pm+ΔPj+ΔP (29)
In formula (29)
HkiChilled water system resistance, m；
ΔPmChilled water system on-way resistance, m；
ΔPjChilled water system local resistance, m；
Δ P end-equipment resistances, m；
Condensation side pump energy consumption computational methods
In formula (30)
NlbiCooling water pump by when power consumption, kW；
LtiCooling water flow, m3/h；
HtiCooling water system resistance, m；
η pump efficiencies；
Hti=Δ Pm+ΔPj+ΔP (31)
In formula (31)
HtiCooling water system resistance, m；
ΔPmCooling water system on-way resistance, m；
ΔPjCooling water system local resistance, m；
Δ P cooling tower resistances, m；
Water pump year power consumption
Nb·a=Σ (Nzbi+Nlbi) (32)
In formula (32)
Nb·aWater pump year power consumption, kWh；
I supplies cold period hourage, h；
Calculate heating system pump energy consumption
Heating system pump energy consumption computational methods
In formula (33)
NcHeating system water pump power consumption, kW；
LcHeating system discharge, m3/h；
HcHeating system resistance, m；
η pump efficiencies；
Wherein
In formula (34)
LcHeating system discharge, m3/h；
QcHeating Load, kW；
ΔtcHeating system passes in and out water temperature difference, DEG C；
Hc=Δ Pm+ΔPj+ΔP (35)
In formula (35)
HcHeating system resistance, m；
ΔPmHeating system on-way resistance, m；
ΔPjHeating system local resistance, m；
Δ P end-equipment resistances, m；
Heating system water pump year power consumption
Nc·a=Nc·24·d (36)
In formula (36)
Nc.aHeating system water pump power consumption, kWh；
D days of heating periods.
6. building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology in region according to claim 5, it is characterised in that calculate in step S4 single The concrete grammar of body architectural lighting equipment energy consumption is as follows：
Illuminator by when Calculation Method of Energy Consumption
Qmi=η ε P S (37)
In formula (37)
QmiIlluminator by when energy consumption, W；
η builds utilization rate, %；
ε by when lighting apparatus concurrent signatures, %；
P lighting apparatus power densities, W/m2；
S construction areas, m2；
Illuminator year energy consumption
Qm·a=∑ Qmi (38)
In formula (38)
I illuminates hourage, h.
7. building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology in region according to claim 6, it is characterised in that calculate monomer in step S5 The concrete grammar of architectural electricity equipment energy consumption is as follows：
Electrical equipment by when Calculation Method of Energy Consumption
Qsbi=η ε P S (39)
In formula (39)
QsbiElectrical equipment by when energy consumption, W；
η builds utilization rate, %；
ε by when electrical equipment concurrent signatures, %；
P electrical equipment power densities, W/m2；
S construction areas, m2；
Electrical equipment year energy consumption
Qsb=∑ Qsbi (40)
In formula (40)
I electric equipment operation hourages, h.
8. building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology in region according to claim 7, it is characterised in that calculate monomer in step S6 The concrete grammar of building power-equipment energy consumption is as follows：
The building dynamical system energy consumption mainly considers elevator energy consumption；
Elevator by when Calculation Method of Energy Consumption
In formula (41)
QdtiElevator by when energy consumption, W；
K1Drive system coefficient；
K2Average range ability coefficient；
K3Elevator by when loading coefficient；
H maximum range abilities；
F by when number of run；
P elevator rated power, W；
V elevator speeds, m/s.
Wherein by when number of run F it is related to building number of users, if it is N, and elevator seating capacity n that building has number of users It is relevant:
In formula (42)
K4Building user of service by when use elevator ratio；
Qdt=Σ Qdti (43)
In formula (43)
I elevator hours of operations, h.
9. building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology in region according to claim 8, it is characterised in that calculate monomer in step S7 The concrete grammar of the annual energy consumption of building is as follows：
The year energy consumption of single building refrigeration system
M1=Na+Nba+Nta (44)
The year energy consumption of single building heating system
M2=NA+Nca (45)
Single building illumination, electrical equipment, power-equipment total energy consumption
M3=Qma+Qdt+Qsb (46)。
10. building energy consumption Forecasting Methodology in region according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the concrete side of step S8 Method is as follows：
After the energy consumption calculation of all building concentrations in region is gone out, added up according to above formula, you can show that region is built-in Build a year total energy consumption, will by when energy consumption added up, can draw groups of building in region by when energy consumption.
CN201611039294.4A 2016-11-21 2016-11-21 Regional building energy consumption predicting method Pending CN106524295A (en)

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