CN106518493A - Organic medical fertilizer suitable for Malpighia glabra DC and production method thereof - Google Patents
Organic medical fertilizer suitable for Malpighia glabra DC and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/006—Waste from chemical processing of material, e.g. diestillation, roasting, cooking
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer, in particular to organic medical fertilizer suitable for Malpighia glabra DC and a production method thereof. The organic medical fertilizer is obtained by fermenting traditional Chinese medicine residues and contains a lot of organic ingredients and effective microbial communities, the organic content of soil can be increased, the soil fertility can be improved, crops can absorb nutrients better, and plant diseases and insect pests can be prevented and cured. In addition, organic materials are low in cost, the production technology is simple and practicable, and application is convenient. Experiments show that the organic medical fertilizer can prevent and cure the plant diseases and insect pests caused by root-knot nematodes for the Malpighia glabra DC, the yield of the Malpighia glabra DC can be increased by 14.7-20.1%, and the content of vitamin C in fruits can be increased by 53-67%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, more particularly to a kind of organic medical fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Acerola concentrate (Malpighia glabra DC), Shu Huangruhua sections (Mapighiaceae).Torrid zone America is originated in,
After reach the tropical and subtropical region such as India, Hawaii, after the 1950's, Taiwan of China, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan etc.
Save introducing and planting successively.In recent years, China Hainan, Guangxi, Taiwan lamp torrid areas also began to large-area plantation.
Acerola cherry fruit contains protein, sugar, tartaric acid and vitamin A, B1, B2 vitamin C, niacin, calcium, phosphorus, iron etc.
Multivitamin, wherein ascorbic mass fraction is up to 1215～3024mg/kg, it is the fruit such as guava, pawpaw and strawberry
10～50 times, be splendid natural complex C sources.Therefore, acerola concentrate is formed into fruit juice in addition to being available for eating raw, also
Desirable feedstock.
Acerola concentrate traditional cultivation mainly, based on chemical fertilizer, chicken and duck excrement, cultivates high cost.Chronic administration chemical fertilizer, soil have
Machine matter can only maintain very low level, and affect acerola concentrate fresh fruit quality and Vitamin C content.With the exploitation of natural resources of Chinese medicinal materials
And utilization, the especially progress of modern industry science and technology, the industrialization of Chinese medicine production, large-scale degree are constantly deepened, in having developed
Medicine industry, generates huge economic benefit.However, the dregs of a decoction that a large amount of Chinese medicines are produced after shifting to an earlier date become face at present serious
Problem.Chinese medicine dreg is directly toppled over as waste material, or does garbage loading embeading, causes serious secondary pollution to environment and soil.
Using biological organic fertilizer is prepared, on the basis of dregs of a decoction resource is extended, it is allowed to again bring benefits；Adapt to environmental protection and economy, circulation Jing
The demand for development of Ji.Therefore, with Chinese medicine dreg as raw material, exploitation is significant suitable for the fertilizer of acerola concentrate.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention be provide a kind of organic medical fertilizer suitable for acerola concentrate and
Its preparation method, the organic medical fertilizer can effectively prevent and treat soil pest and disease damage, play a part of volume increase to acerola concentrate, and improve pin
The quality of leaf cherry.
The organic medical fertilizer that the present invention is provided is obtained by Chinese medicine dreg Jing bacteria fermentations；
In the Chinese medicine dreg, Chinese medicine is selected from Japanese Stephania Root, aloe, peppermint, kuh-seng, curcuma zedoary, golden cypress, the red sage root, orange peel, peach kernel
Or lucid asparagus；
The microbial inoculum is obtained by trichodermaharzianum, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cercus and Erwinia.
In the present invention, in microbial inoculum, the mass ratio of trichodermaharzianum, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cercus and Erwinia is
(0.5～1.5):(0.5～1.5):(0.5～1.5):(0.5～1.5).
In embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of trichodermaharzianum, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cercus and Erwinia
For 1:1:1:1.
In the present invention, in organic medical fertilizer, viable bacteria concentration is 1 × 108Cfu/mL～1 × 1014cfu/mL。
Chinese medicine dreg of the present invention is the bits produced after extracted by Chinese medicine.The method of the extraction is decocting
Method, solvent extraction method, steam distillation, sublimed method, milling process, two-phase solvent extraction, the precipitation method, salting out method, dialysis,
Crystallisation, chromatography, ultrasonic assistant are extracted or supercritical CO2Extract.Preferably, the method for extraction is decocting method.
In the present invention, Japanese Stephania Root, aloe, peppermint, kuh-seng, curcuma zedoary, golden cypress, the red sage root, orange peel, peach kernel and day in Chinese medicine dreg
The mass ratio in door winter is (0.8～1.2):(0.8～1.2):(0.8～1.2):(0.8～1.2):(0.8～1.2):(0.8～
1.2):(0.8～1.2):(0.8～1.2):(0.8～1.2):(0.8～1.2).
In some specific embodiments, in Chinese medicine dreg, Chinese medicine include Japanese Stephania Root, aloe, peppermint, kuh-seng, curcuma zedoary, golden cypress,
The red sage root, orange peel, peach kernel and lucid asparagus.In this embodiment, Japanese Stephania Root, aloe, peppermint, kuh-seng, curcuma zedoary, golden cypress, the red sage root, tangerine
The mass ratio of skin, peach kernel and lucid asparagus is 1：1：1：1：1：1：1：1：1：1.
In some specific embodiments, in Chinese medicine dreg, Chinese medicine includes Japanese Stephania Root, aloe, kuh-seng, curcuma zedoary and golden cypress.Here
In embodiment, Japanese Stephania Root, aloe, kuh-seng, curcuma zedoary and golden cypress mass ratio are 1：1：1：1：1.
Fermentation of the organic medical fertilizer that the present invention is provided with Chinese medicine dreg through microorganism is obtained, during the bacterial classification in microbial inoculum is purchased from
State's agricultural Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center (Agricultural Culture Collection of China, ACCC),
Wherein, the numbering of trichodermaharzianum (Trichoderma koningii) is ACCC30168, bacillus subtilis (Bacillus
Subtilis it is ACCC03002, Europe that numbering) is the numbering of ACCC 19743, Bacillus cercus (Bacillus cereus)
The numbering of Wen bacterium (Erwinia sp.) is ACCC01443.Chinese medicine slag by fermentation after, can prevention and elimination of disease and pests, so as to improve
The yield of crop, and improve the quality of crop.Experiment shows that the organic medical fertilizer that the present invention is provided can make the product of acerola concentrate
Amount increases by 14.7%～20.1%, and in fruit, ascorbic content improves 2.5 times.
The organic medical fertilizer that the present invention is provided is in controlling crop diseases and insect pests, in improving crop yield and/or raising crop quality
Application.
Crop of the present invention is acerola concentrate.The raising crop quality is vitamin in raising acerola concentrate fruit
The content of C.Common disease and pest of the crop disease and insect for acerola concentrate.Organic medical fertilizer of the present invention is specifically provided anti-
Control the pest and disease damage of the acerola concentrate caused by root-knot nematode.
The preparation method of organic medical fertilizer that the present invention is provided is, after Chinese medicine dreg mix with microbial inoculum, regulation pH value for 6～
7, moisture content is 40wt%～70wt%；Temperature is 30 DEG C～45 DEG C, is fermented 3 days～30 days, Jing after whole grain, is dried to water content
Less than 20wt%.
The Chinese medicine dreg mixes front through drying with microbial inoculum, and drying mode is air-dried, is dried to moisture in Chinese medicine dreg
Less than 30wt%.
In the present invention, Chinese medicine dreg is (50～100) with the mass ratio of microbial inoculum：(0.01～10).
In certain embodiments, Chinese medicine dreg and the mass ratio of microbial inoculum are (98～120)：(5～8).
In one specific embodiment, Chinese medicine dreg is 98 with the mass ratio of microbial inoculum：5；In another specific embodiment, Chinese medicine
The dregs of a decoction are 120 with the mass ratio of microbial inoculum：8.
In certain embodiments, it is 50wt%～60wt% to adjust moisture content；Temperature is 30 DEG C～40 DEG C.
In certain embodiments, fermentation time is 20 days～25 days.
The mode being dried after fermentation is drying, is subsequently cooled to less than 40 DEG C.
The whole grain is by extruding granulation in the product input Squeezinggranulator after fermentation, by the cylindrical particle of extrusion molding
In input disk trimmer, it is spherical particle by particle shaping；
In the present invention, the preparation method of microbial inoculum includes：
Bacillus subtilis is obtained into bacterium solution A with LB medium cultures；
Bacillus cercus is obtained into bacterium solution B with LB medium cultures；
Erwinia is obtained into bacterium solution C with LB medium cultures；
Trichodermaharzianum is obtained into bacterium solution D with PDA culture medium culture；
Bacterium solution A, bacterium solution B, bacterium solution C, bacterium solution D are mixed according to 1: 1: 1: 1 volume ratio, microbial inoculum is obtained.
Every liter of LB culture medium includes yeast extract 5g；NaCl 10g；Peptone 10g；Agar 20g；pH7.0.
Every liter of PDA culture medium includes potato 200g；Glucose 20g；Agar 20g；pH7.0.
The preparation method of bacterium solution A is that bacillus subtilis is inoculated in LB culture mediums, through Tube propagation, cultivation temperature 25
DEG C～35 DEG C, after 36 hours～60 hours, it is 22 DEG C～35 DEG C to access Shaking culture temperature to incubation time, and rotating speed is 160 revs/min
Clock～200 rev/min, incubation time 24 hours～48 hours；Then seeding tank, training are accessed by percent by volume 5%～10%
Foster temperature is 28 DEG C～35 DEG C, incubation time 24 hours～72 hours.After culture, in bacterium solution A, inoculum density is 108Individual/mL.
The preparation method of bacterium solution B is that Bacillus cercus is inoculated in LB culture mediums, through Tube propagation, cultivation temperature 25
DEG C～35 DEG C, after 36 hours～60 hours, it is 22 DEG C～35 DEG C to access Shaking culture temperature to incubation time, and rotating speed is 160 revs/min
Clock～200 rev/min, incubation time 24 hours～48 hours；Then seeding tank, training are accessed by percent by volume 5%～10%
Foster temperature is 28 DEG C～35 DEG C, incubation time 24 hours～72 hours.After culture, in bacterium solution B, inoculum density is 108Individual/mL.
The preparation method of bacterium solution C is that Erwinia is inoculated in LB culture mediums, through Tube propagation, 25 DEG C of cultivation temperature～
35 DEG C, incubation time is after 36 hours～60 hours, and it is 22 DEG C～35 DEG C to access Shaking culture temperature, and rotating speed is 160 revs/min～
200 revs/min, incubation time 24 hours～48 hours；Then seeding tank, culture temperature are accessed by percent by volume 5%～10%
Spend for 28 DEG C～35 DEG C, incubation time 24 hours～72 hours.After culture, in bacterium solution C, inoculum density is 108Individual/mL.
The preparation method of bacterium solution D is that trichodermaharzianum is inoculated in PDA culture medium, and through Tube propagation, cultivation temperature is 2 DEG C
2～28 DEG C, incubation time 48 hours～60 hours；Then seeding tank is accessed by percent by volume 5%～10%, cultivation temperature is
22 DEG C～28 DEG C, incubation time 24 hours～72 hours, after culture, in bacterium solution D, inoculum density is 108Individual/mL.
The organic medical fertilizer that the present invention is provided is obtained by Chinese medicine dreg is fermented, wherein containing substantial amounts of organic principle and beneficial
Flora, can not only increase soil organic matter content, increase soil fertility, and promote absorption of the crop to nutrient, additionally it is possible to planting
Thing pest and disease damage plays preventive and therapeutic effect.Also, organic materials is with low cost, production technology is simple and easy to do, applies convenient.Experiment table
Bright, the organic medical fertilizer that the present invention is provided can be prevented and treated the pest and disease damage of the acerola concentrate caused by root-knot nematode, make needle cherry
The yield of peach increases by 14.7%～20.1%, and in fruit, ascorbic content improves 53%～67%.
Specific embodiment
The invention provides a kind of organic medical fertilizer suitable for acerola concentrate and preparation method thereof, those skilled in the art can
To use for reference present disclosure, technological parameter realization is suitably modified.Specifically, all similar replacements and change are to this
It is it will be apparent that they are considered as being included in the present invention for art personnel.The method of the present invention and application are
It is described by preferred embodiment, related personnel substantially can be in without departing from present invention, spirit and scope to herein
Methods and applications be modified or suitably change and combine, realize and apply the technology of the present invention.
The material that the present invention is adopted is all common commercially available product, all can buy in market.
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further：
Embodiment 1
Make functional microorganism fermenting agent：
Waxy Bacillus, bacillus subtilis, Erwinia are inoculated in into LB culture mediums respectively, through Tube propagation,
25～35 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time 36～60 hours；Bacillus cercus, bacillus subtilis through Tube propagation,
Erwinia proceeds to 1000ml Shaking cultures, and cultivation temperature is 22～35 DEG C, and rotating speed is 160～200 revs/min, incubation time
24～48 hours；Then the Bacillus cercus through Shaking culture, bacillus subtilis, Erwinia are respectively connected to into seed
Tank culture, cultivation temperature are 25～35 DEG C, and incubation time is 24～48 hours；After seed tank culture, Bacillus cercus,
Bacillus subtilis, Erwinia proceed to fermentor liquid culture by the 5%～10% of percent by volume, and cultivation temperature is 28
～35 DEG C, incubation time 24～72 hours, after the completion of fermentation tank culture, each tank carries out microscopy, and fermented liquid reaches 108Individual/ml,
Prepared bacterium solution A～C；
Trichodermaharzianum is inoculated in into PDA culture medium, through Tube propagation, cultivation temperature is 22～28 DEG C, incubation time 48
～60 hours；After Tube propagation, trichodermaharzianum proceeds to fermentor liquid culture by the 5%～10% of percent by volume, trains
Foster temperature is 22～28 DEG C, incubation time 24～72 hours, and after the completion of fermentation tank culture, each tank carries out microscopy, and fermented liquid reaches
108Individual/ml, is obtained bacterium solution D.
After trichodermaharzianum, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cercus, Erwinia fermentation, obtained bacterium solution A～D presses 1: 1:
1: 1 ratio is mixed to form microbial inoculum.
Embodiment 2
Chinese medicine dreg (include etc. the Japanese Stephania Root of quality, aloe, peppermint, kuh-seng, curcuma zedoary, golden cypress, the red sage root, orange peel, peach kernel,
Lucid asparagus) acquirement be to carry out obtaining after Chinese patent drug production based on vegetalitas Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine dreg is spread in hardening ground
Face natural air drying is to below 30wt%, and is broken into loose powdery with chain type pulverizer；
By microbial inoculum 5kg obtained in embodiment 1, in adding 98kg Chinese medicine dregs；Material is stirred with microbial inoculum, instrumentality
Material pH value is 6～7, and moisture content is 50～60%；After fermented, fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C～40 DEG C, if temperature is too high stirring
Form radiating is mixed, functional microorganism is fully bred, fermentation time is 20 days.
The bacterial manure for fermenting is dried or furnace drying method is dried, make the moisture of bacterial manure be down to below 20wt%, will
Extruding granulation in the good material input Squeezinggranulator of mixture, the cylindrical particle of extrusion molding is put in disk trimmer, will
Particle shaping is spherical particle；
Spherical particle is put in dryer, drying moisture is less than 20wt%, then Jing coolers are cooled to less than 40 DEG C and make
Obtain organic medical fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
The acquirement of the Chinese medicine dreg Japanese Stephania Root of quality, aloe, kuh-seng, curcuma zedoary, golden cypresses such as () including is with vegetalitas Chinese medicine
Obtain after Chinese patent drug production is carried out based on material, Chinese medicine dreg is spread in hardened ground natural air drying to below 30wt%, is used in combination
Chain type pulverizer is broken into loose powdery；
By microbial inoculum 8kg obtained in embodiment 1, in adding 120kg Chinese medicine dregs；Material is stirred with microbial inoculum, is adjusted
Material pH value is 6～7, and moisture content is 50～60%；After fermented, fermentation temperature is 30～40 DEG C, if temperature is too high stirring
Form radiating is mixed, functional microorganism is fully bred, fermentation time is 25 days.
The bacterial manure for fermenting is dried or furnace drying method is dried, make the moisture of bacterial manure be down to below 20wt%, will
Extruding granulation in the good material input Squeezinggranulator of mixture, the cylindrical particle of extrusion molding is put in disk trimmer, will
Particle shaping is spherical particle；
Spherical particle is put in dryer, drying moisture is less than 20wt%, then Jing coolers are cooled to less than 40 DEG C and make
Obtain organic medical fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
With organic medical fertilizer obtained in embodiment 2～3 as try material, acerola concentrate planting base (about 38 plants per mu, 2-3
The age of tree) tested.
The sample prescription that 3 pieces of areas are 1 mu is played respectively, it is one of to apply chemical fertilizer, chicken manure 1000 kilograms of (autumn and winter of fertilizer as control
Season applies fertilizer 700 kilograms, and fruiting period topdresses 300 kilograms, ring-type ditch spread).Other two pieces of sample prescriptions are given obtained in embodiment 2～3 respectively
Organic medical fertilizer, every piece of sample prescription gives 1000 kilograms of organic medical fertilizer, and (autumn and winter applies fertilizer 700 kilograms, and fruiting period topdresses 300 kilograms, ring-type
Ditch spread).A situation arises for statistics yield and vitamin C and root-knot nematode.As a result such as table 1：
Table 1：Experimental result
| Yield (kg) | Fruit Vc contents (wt%) | The incidence of disease (%) | |
| Control group | 852 | 1.5 | 10 |
| Give 2 medicine of embodiment fertilizer | 1024 | 2.5 | 1 |
| Give 3 medicine of embodiment fertilizer | 978 | 2.3 | 2 |
As a result show, after applying organic medical fertilizer prepared by the present invention compared with chemical fertilizer, chicken manure fertilizer are applied in control, yield increases
14.7～20.1%.The incidence of disease of root-knot nematode is then reduced to 1%～2% by 10%；Fresh fruit natural complex C content reaches
2.5%, in fruit, ascorbic content improves 53%～67%.The effect of experimental group has conspicuousness relative to control group.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art come
Say, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of organic medical fertilizer, it is characterised in that be obtained by Chinese medicine dreg Jing bacteria fermentations；
In the Chinese medicine dreg, Chinese medicine is selected from Japanese Stephania Root, aloe, peppermint, kuh-seng, curcuma zedoary, golden cypress, the red sage root, orange peel, peach kernel or day
Men Dong；
The microbial inoculum is obtained by trichodermaharzianum, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cercus and Erwinia.
2. organic medical fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that trichodermaharzianum in the microbial inoculum, bacillus subtilis,
The mass ratio of Bacillus cercus and Erwinia is (0.5～1.5):(0.5～1.5):(0.5～1.5):(0.5～1.5).
3. organic medical fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the organic medical fertilizer viable bacteria concentration be 1 ×
108Cfu/mL～1 × 1014cfu/mL。
4. organic medical fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the Chinese medicine dreg, Chinese medicine includes Japanese Stephania Root, reed
Luxuriant growth, peppermint, kuh-seng, curcuma zedoary, golden cypress, the red sage root, orange peel, peach kernel and lucid asparagus.
5. organic medical fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the Chinese medicine dreg, Chinese medicine includes Japanese Stephania Root, reed
Luxuriant growth, kuh-seng, curcuma zedoary and golden cypress.
6. the organic medical fertilizer described in claim 1 is in controlling crop diseases and insect pests, in improving crop yield and/or raising crop quality
Application.
7. application according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the crop is acerola concentrate.
8. the preparation method of the organic medical fertilizer described in claim 1, it is characterised in that after Chinese medicine dreg is mixed with microbial inoculum, adjusts
Section pH value is 6～7, and moisture content is 40wt%～70wt%；Temperature is 30 DEG C～45 DEG C, is fermented 3 days～30 days, Jing after whole grain,
It is dried to water content and is less than 20wt%.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the preparation method of the microbial inoculum includes：
Bacillus subtilis is obtained into bacterium solution A with LB medium cultures；
Bacillus cercus is obtained into bacterium solution B with LB medium cultures；
Erwinia is obtained into bacterium solution C with LB medium cultures；
Trichodermaharzianum is obtained into bacterium solution D with PDA culture medium culture；
Bacterium solution A, bacterium solution B, bacterium solution C, bacterium solution D are mixed according to 1: 1: 1: 1 volume ratio, microbial inoculum is obtained.
10. preparation method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the Chinese medicine dreg is (50 with the mass ratio of microbial inoculum
～100)：(0.01～10).
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