CN106518339A - In-situ reaction film-forming type release-controlled fertilizer and production method thereof - Google Patents
In-situ reaction film-forming type release-controlled fertilizer and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106518339A CN106518339A CN201610940178.3A CN201610940178A CN106518339A CN 106518339 A CN106518339 A CN 106518339A CN 201610940178 A CN201610940178 A CN 201610940178A CN 106518339 A CN106518339 A CN 106518339A
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- fertilizer
- mass
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- coating
- situ reaction
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 bismuth carboxylate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940068918 polyethylene glycol 400 Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940008841 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN=C=O FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VZXPHDGHQXLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanato-5,6-dimethylheptane Chemical compound O=C=NC(C)(C)C(C)CCCCN=C=O VZXPHDGHQXLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WUKNPIYSKBLCQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C)C=C1.N=C=O.N=C=O Chemical compound CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C)C=C1.N=C=O.N=C=O WUKNPIYSKBLCQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002121 Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BVFSYZFXJYAPQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(oxo)tin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]=O BVFSYZFXJYAPQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl(oxo)tin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](=O)CCCC JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012972 dimethylethanolamine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005150 glycerol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NHLUVTZJQOJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylhexadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C NHLUVTZJQOJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940113115 polyethylene glycol 200 Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940057847 polyethylene glycol 600 Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940096992 potassium oleate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M potassium;(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- SXWZSWLBMCNOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;6-methylheptanoate Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)CCCCC([O-])=O SXWZSWLBMCNOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006264 polyurethane film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an in-situ reaction film-forming type release-controlled fertilizer and a production method thereof. The method for preparing the in-situ reaction film-forming type release-controlled fertilizer comprises the following steps: respectively spraying an enveloping solution I and an enveloping solution II onto fertilizer grain surfaces and then forming the films, thereby acquiring the in-situ reaction film-forming type release-controlled fertilizer, wherein a biomass liquefied matter is contained in the enveloping solution I; low-polymer polyhydric alcohol is contained in the enveloping solution II; the spraying sequence is that the enveloping solution I is firstly sprayed and then the enveloping solution II is sprayed or the enveloping solution II is firstly sprayed and then the enveloping solution I is sprayed. The method not only can solve the problem of reducing of release-controlled performance of the fertilizer caused by easiness in early losing strength in a degradation process but also has the advantage of fine precise design for fertilizer performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of controlled release fertilizers, and relates to an in-situ reaction film-forming controlled release fertilizer and a production method thereof.
Background
The coated controlled-release fertilizer is a novel fertilizer which can adjust the release rate and the supply strength of nutrients according to the nutrient demand characteristics of plants at different growth stages, so that the nutrient release mode is synchronous with the crop fertilizer absorption, and has the advantages of labor saving, yield increase, efficiency improvement, environmental friendliness and the like.
At present, according to different preparation processes, the coated controlled release fertilizer is mainly divided into an organic solvent type, a water type and an in-situ reaction film forming type. The in-situ reaction film forming type has the specific preparation process that the monomers are directly sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer for reaction film forming, and has the characteristics of simple equipment, quick production, low energy consumption and the like. However, the monomers used are mainly organic chemical raw materials from petroleum, and the high price and the continuously exhausted petroleum resources are difficult to construct a virtuous cycle for the development of the controlled release fertilizer. In order to get rid of dependence on petroleum resources and simultaneously realize biodegradation of a coating in soil, the introduction of a natural polymer which is easily eroded by biomass into a polyurethane polymer chain segment is an effective way for preparing degradable polyurethane with low cost. CN200810116876.7 discloses a degradable polyurethane coated fertilizer which adds degradable functional monomers such as tannin, lignin, etc. into polyol. EP1937612 mentions the incorporation of epoxidized soybean oil into polyurethane film layers to improve the impact resistance of the film coating. However, the main problems of the film prepared by the methods are that the coating is unstable in soil, and the strength of the coating is easily lost early in the degradation process, so that the controlled release performance of the fertilizer is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art and achieve the purpose of fine and precise design, the invention aims to provide an in-situ reaction film-forming controlled-release fertilizer and a production method thereof.
The method for preparing the in-situ reaction film-forming controlled release fertilizer comprises the following steps:
respectively spraying the coating solution I and the coating solution II on the surfaces of fertilizer particles to form films, and obtaining the in-situ reaction film-forming controlled-release fertilizer;
the coating liquid I contains a biomass liquefied substance;
the coating liquid II contains oligomer polyol;
the spraying sequence is that the coating solution I is firstly sprayed and then the coating solution II is sprayed, or the coating solution II is firstly sprayed and then the coating solution I is sprayed.
The sequence of spraying may be determined according to the desired properties of the controlled release fertilizer.
In the coating liquid I of the method, the biomass liquefact is prepared by taking at least one of sucrose, starch and crop straws as a raw material;
the starch may be corn starch; the crop straw can be corn straw, and more particularly can be corn straw powder;
specifically, the biomass liquefaction product is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing the raw materials, a liquefying agent and an acid catalyst for carrying out liquefaction reaction, and cooling after the reaction is finished to obtain the catalyst;
the cooling may specifically be rapid cooling; various ways of achieving rapid cooling are applicable;
the liquefying agent is at least one selected from polyethylene glycol 200, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 600 and glycerol, specifically is a mixture consisting of polyethylene glycol 400 and glycerol, and more specifically is a mixture of polyethylene glycol 400 and glycerol in a mass ratio of 21: 9 of polyethylene glycol 400 and glycerol or a mixture of polyethylene glycol 400 and glycerol in a mass ratio of 25: 5 polyethylene glycol 400 and glycerol;
the acid catalyst is at least one of concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid; in particular to concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass percentage concentration of 98 percent;
the mass ratio of the raw material to the liquefying agent to the acidic catalyst is 100: 200-400: 6-10; specifically, it may be 100: 300: 8-9;
in the liquefaction reaction step, the temperature is 140-180 ℃, and particularly 160 ℃; the time is 30-150 minutes, specifically 120 minutes.
The biomass liquefied substance is specifically starch polyol or straw polyol.
The starch polyol can be prepared according to the following method:
100g of corn starch, a liquefying agent consisting of 210g of polyethylene glycol 400 and 90g of glycerol and 8g of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid catalyst are uniformly mixed in a reaction kettle provided with a mechanical stirring and condensing tube, the temperature is raised to 160 ℃ under continuous stirring, the constant temperature reaction is carried out for 120 minutes, and then the reaction is rapidly cooled to stop the reaction to obtain the starch polyol.
The straw polyol can be prepared by the following method:
100g of corn straw powder, a liquefying agent consisting of 250g of polyethylene glycol 400 and 50g of glycerol and 9g of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid catalyst are uniformly mixed in a reaction kettle provided with a mechanical stirring and condensing tube, the temperature is raised to 160 ℃ under continuous stirring, the constant temperature reaction is carried out for 120 minutes, and then the reaction is stopped by rapid cooling to obtain the straw polyol.
In the coating liquid II, the relative molecular mass of the oligomer polyol is 300-3000, specifically 470, 500 or 530; specifically at least one selected from the group consisting of polyether polyol, vegetable oil polyol, polyester polyol and polyolefin polyol having a relative molecular mass of 300-3000;
more specifically at least one selected from the group consisting of phthalic anhydride polyester polyols having a relative molecular mass of 300-3000, polytetrahydrofuran diols, polyether triols, polyether diols, castor oil, soy oil polyols, polycaprolactone diols, dimer polyester diols, polycarbonate diols, and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadienes. Wherein, the
The relative molecular mass of the phthalic anhydride polyester polyol can be specifically 500 (available from Beijing Sikery under the brand number SKR-T5); the polyether polyol can be polyether polyol with the relative molecular mass of 470 (available from Tianjin petrochemical under the trademark TAE 470); the soybean oil polyol can be specifically soybean oil polyol with the relative molecular mass of 530 (purchased from USSC company of America and the trade name of Soyoyl R137);
in addition, the coating liquid I and the coating liquid II can also contain a catalyst and an auxiliary agent;
specifically, the catalyst is selected from at least one of dibutyltin dilaurate, dialkyltin dithiolate, dibutyltin diacetate, stannous octoate, monobutyltin oxide, dibutyltin oxide, dimethylcyclohexylamine, dimethylhexadecylamine, triethylenediamine, dimethylethanolamine, triethanolamine, triethylenediamine, ethylenediamine, triethylenediamine, triethylamine, tetramethyliminodipropylamine, bismuth carboxylate, potassium isooctanoate, potassium acetate and potassium oleate;
the auxiliary agent is at least one selected from paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, chlorinated paraffin wax, petroleum resin, alpha-olefin, polyethylene wax, EVA wax, asphalt and silicon wax; the paraffin is specifically paraffin with a melting point of 60 ℃;
in the coating liquid I, the amount of the catalyst is 1-4% of the mass of the biomass liquefied substance, specifically 2.3% and 1.5%;
the dosage of the auxiliary agent is 2-10% of the mass of the biomass liquefied substance, specifically 5% and 9.2%;
in the coating liquid II, the dosage of the catalyst is 0.5-2.5 percent of the mass of the oligomer polyol, specifically 2.3 percent and 2.4 percent;
the dosage of the auxiliary agent is 2-9% of the mass of the biomass liquefied substance, specifically 4.7% and 9%.
The mass of a coating layer formed by film-forming and curing the coating liquid sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer particles accounts for 1-5% of the mass of the fertilizer particles, and specifically can be 1.5%, 2% or 1.5-2%;
after the two spraying processes are finished, the coating layer on the surface of the fertilizer particles accounts for 2-8% of the mass of the fertilizer particles, and specifically can be 3.5%.
The method may further comprise the steps of: spraying a curing agent on the surfaces of the fertilizer particles while spraying the coating liquid I or the coating liquid II;
the curing agent is specifically selected from at least one of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), liquefied MDI, isophorone diisocyanate, 1, 6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI), trimer of HDI, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate and dimethylbiphenyl diisocyanate;
the dosage of the curing agent is 40-60% of the mass of the fertilizer particles, specifically 46% or 50%.
In the spraying step, the temperature is 70-100 ℃, specifically 70 ℃, 90 ℃ or 100 ℃;
the time is 2-6 minutes, in particular 3 minutes.
The granular fertilizer is selected from water-soluble elementary fertilizers or compound fertilizers obtained by compounding at least two of the water-soluble elementary fertilizers;
the water-soluble elementary fertilizer is specifically selected from any one of urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc chloride and ternary compound fertilizer.
The compound fertilizer obtained by mixing at least two of the water-soluble elemental fertilizers can be a broadcast rich compound fertilizer, and more particularly can be a compound fertilizer with the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements of 15: 15: 15 (namely N-P-K: 15-15-15), wherein the mass of nitrogen element is counted by nitrogen, the mass of phosphorus element is counted by phosphorus pentoxide, and the mass of potassium element is counted by potassium oxide.
The process flow diagram of the preparation method is shown in figure 1.
In addition, the in-situ reaction film-forming controlled release fertilizer prepared by the method and the application of the in-situ reaction film-forming controlled release fertilizer in crop fertilization also belong to the protection scope of the invention.
Specifically, the nutrient release period of the in-situ reaction film-forming controlled release fertilizer can be 1-24 months, specifically 60 days, 90 days, 120 days or 180 days;
the coating rate of the in-situ reaction film-forming controlled release fertilizer can be 2-8%;
the weight loss rate of the coating layer after 1 year degradation can be more than 5 percent, and specifically can be 8 percent, 10 percent or 15 percent;
the degradation latency of the coating layer in the soil can be more than 2 months.
The particle size of the fertilizer particles is 2-5 mm.
The invention has the following remarkable effects: the nutrient release rate, the release period and the degradability of the product can be adjusted according to the dosage of the two coating liquids, and the release period can be accurately controlled to be different from 1 month to 24 months; the degradation latency period of the membrane material in the soil reaches more than 2 months, and the weight loss rate of 1 year is more than 5 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the production process of the in-situ reaction film-forming controlled release fertilizer of the invention.
The figures are labeled as follows:
1, firstly, inputting granular fertilizer into a heating rotary drum with a shoveling plate; 2, simultaneously spraying a coating liquid and a curing agent on the rotating granulated fertilizer for curing; 3, spraying another coating liquid and a curing agent onto the rotating granulated fertilizer for curing; 4, inputting the coated fertilizer into a cooling tower, and cooling the coated fertilizer to room temperature; and 5, weighing and packaging the cooled coated fertilizer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The method is a conventional method unless otherwise specified. The starting materials are commercially available from the open literature unless otherwise specified.
The controlled release performance of the coated controlled release fertilizer obtained in the following examples was tested by the following water immersion method: weighing 5g of coated fertilizer, placing the coated fertilizer into a nylon mesh bag of 100 meshes, sealing, placing the bag into a plastic container filled with 250mL of distilled water, sealing, placing the bag into a constant-temperature incubator at 25 ℃, and sampling for 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 35, 42 days and the like to determine nutrient dissolution data.
The nutrient release period refers to the days required for the cumulative release rate of the coated controlled release fertilizer in water at 25 ℃ to reach 80%.
The initial dissolution rate (%) is the amount of nutrient dissolved in 24 hours cumulatively/the content of the nutrient in the sample × 100.
The degradation performance of the film layer is tested by adopting an outdoor soil burying method. Burying the coating film at a position of about 10cm below field soil at certain intervals, degrading the coating film under natural conditions, taking the coating film out of the soil at intervals, carefully cleaning the coating film with deionized water, and calculating the weight loss rate after drying.
Weight loss ratio (%) [ (original weight-weight after degradation)/original weight ] × 100
Example 1:
100g of corn starch, a liquefying agent consisting of 210g of polyethylene glycol 400 and 90g of glycerol and 8g of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid catalyst are uniformly mixed in a reaction kettle provided with a mechanical stirring and condensing tube, the temperature is raised to 160 ℃ under continuous stirring, the constant temperature reaction is carried out for 120 minutes, and then the reaction is rapidly cooled to stop the reaction to obtain the starch polyol.
Firstly, urea particles (2-4 mm) are input into a heating rotary drum with a shoveling plate at the speed of 50kg per minute, and the temperature of the rotary drum is 100 ℃.
374g of phthalic anhydride polyester polyol (purchased from Beijing Sikeley under the trademark SKR-T5 and having a relative molecular mass of 500); 4.4g of dibutyltin dilaurate serving as a catalyst, 4.4g of triethanolamine serving as a catalyst, 33.8g of coating liquid II consisting of paraffin with an auxiliary melting point of 60 ℃ and 330g of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate (the trademark is Bayer 44V20) serving as a curing agent are sprayed on the surface of rotating granular urea through a nozzle, and the formed coating layer accounts for 1.5 percent of the weight of the urea granules;
after about 3 minutes, coating liquid I consisting of 520g of starch polyol prepared by the method, 6g of dibutyltin dilaurate serving as a catalyst, 24g of paraffin with an auxiliary melting point of 60 ℃ and 500g of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate serving as a curing agent are sprayed onto the surface of rotating urea particles through a nozzle at the same time, and after about 3 minutes, a compact and bright coating is formed by curing to obtain in-situ reaction film-forming controlled-release urea, wherein the final coating layer accounts for 3.5 percent of the weight of the urea particles.
The controlled release performance is measured by adopting a water immersion method, the initial dissolution rate is 0.9 percent, the controlled release period is 60 days, the weight loss rate of the coating layer in soil for 2 months is only 2 percent, and the weight loss rate of the coating layer in soil for 12 months is 10 percent.
Example 2:
firstly, urea particles (2-4 mm) are input into a heating rotary drum with a shoveling plate at the speed of 50kg per minute, and the temperature of the rotary drum is 100 ℃.
Then coating liquid I consisting of 520g of starch polyol prepared by the method provided in example 1, 6g of dibutyltin dilaurate serving as a catalyst, 24g of paraffin with an auxiliary melting point of 60 ℃ and 500g of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate (the trademark is Bayer 44V20) serving as a curing agent are sprayed on the surface of the rotating granular fertilizer through a nozzle at the same time, and the formed coating layer accounts for 2% of the weight of the urea granules;
after about 3 minutes, 374g of a phthalic anhydride polyester polyol (available from Peking Securio under the designation SKR-T5, with a relative molecular mass of 500); 4.4g of dibutyltin dilaurate serving as a catalyst, 4.4g of triethanolamine serving as a catalyst, 33.8g of coating liquid II consisting of paraffin with an auxiliary melting point of 60 ℃ and 330g of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate serving as a curing agent are sprayed on the surface of rotating urea particles through a nozzle at the same time, and the coating liquid II and the curing agent are cured after about 3 minutes to form a compact and bright coating, so that in-situ reaction film-forming controlled-release urea is obtained, and the final coating layer accounts for 3.5 percent of the weight of the urea particles.
The controlled release performance is measured by adopting a water immersion method, the initial dissolution rate is 0.2%, the controlled release period is 90 days, the weight loss rate of the coating layer in soil for 3 months is 1%, and the weight loss rate of the coating layer in soil for 12 months is 8%.
Example 3:
100g of corn straw powder, a liquefying agent consisting of 250g of polyethylene glycol 400 and 50g of glycerol and 9g of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid catalyst are uniformly mixed in a reaction kettle provided with a mechanical stirring and condensing tube, the temperature is raised to 160 ℃ under continuous stirring, the constant temperature reaction is carried out for 120 minutes, and then the reaction is stopped by rapid cooling to obtain the straw polyol.
Firstly, scattering a fertile compound fertilizer (2-4 mm, N-P-K: 15-15-15) and inputting the fertilizer into a heating rotary drum with a shoveling plate at the speed of 50kg per minute, wherein the temperature of the rotary drum is 70 ℃.
Then coating liquid II consisting of 288g of polyether polyol TAE470 (purchased from Tianjin petrochemical company and having a relative molecular mass of 470), 8.5g of catalyst stannous octoate, 75.6g of soybean oil polyol (purchased from USSC company of America and having a trade mark of Soyoyl R137 and a relative molecular mass of 530), 17.1g of auxiliary agent microcrystalline wax and 396g of curing agent polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate are sprayed on the surface of the rotating granular urea through a nozzle at the same time, and the formed coating layer accounts for 1.5 percent of the total weight of the granular fertilizer;
after about 2 minutes, coating liquid I consisting of 476.1g of straw polyol, 4g of catalyst stannous octoate, 1.9g of catalyst triethylamine and 19.2g of auxiliary agent microcrystalline wax and 512g of curing agent polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate (trademark: Tantawanghua PM-200) are sprayed on the surface of the rotating granular fertilizer through a nozzle, and after about 2 minutes, the curing agent polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate is cured to form a compact and bright coating, so that the in-situ reaction film-forming controlled release compound fertilizer is obtained, and the final coating layer accounts for 3.5 percent of the weight of the fertilizer granules.
The controlled release performance is measured by adopting a water immersion method, the initial dissolution rate is 0.5%, the controlled release period is 90 days, the weight loss rate of the coating layer in soil for 3 months is 2.4%, and the weight loss rate of the coating layer in soil for 12 months is 15%.
Example 4:
firstly, scattering a fertile compound fertilizer (2-4 mm, N-P-K: 15-15-15) and inputting the fertilizer into a heating rotary drum with a shoveling plate at the speed of 50kg per minute, wherein the temperature of the rotary drum is 70 ℃.
Then coating liquid I consisting of 476.1g of straw polyol prepared by the method provided in the embodiment 3, 4g of catalyst stannous octoate, 1.9g of catalyst triethylamine and 19.2g of auxiliary agent microcrystalline wax and 512g of curing agent polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate are sprayed on the surface of the rotating granular fertilizer through a nozzle at the same time, and the formed coating layer accounts for 2 percent of the total weight of the granular fertilizer;
after about 2 minutes, coating liquid II consisting of 288g of polyether polyol TAE470 (purchased from Tianjin petrochemical company and having a relative molecular mass of 470), 8.5g of catalyst stannous octoate, 75.6g of soybean oil polyol (purchased from USSC company in America and having a trade name of Soyoyl R137 and a relative molecular mass of 530) and 17.1g of auxiliary agent microcrystalline wax and 396g of curing agent polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate (having a trade name of Nicotiana Wanhua PM-200) are sprayed on the surface of the rotating granular fertilizer through a nozzle, and after about 2 minutes, the coating liquid is cured to form a compact and bright coating, so that the in-situ reaction film-forming controlled release fertilizer is obtained, wherein the final coating layer accounts for 3.5 percent of the weight of the granular fertilizer.
The controlled release performance of the soil release agent is measured by a water immersion method, the initial dissolution rate is 0.5%, the controlled release period is 120 days, the mass loss rate of the coating layer in soil for 4 months is 2%, and the mass loss rate of the coating layer in soil for 12 months is 10%.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing an in-situ reaction film-forming controlled-release fertilizer comprises the following steps:
respectively spraying the coating solution I and the coating solution II on the surfaces of fertilizer particles to form films, and obtaining the in-situ reaction film-forming controlled-release fertilizer;
the coating liquid I contains a biomass liquefied substance;
the coating liquid II contains oligomer polyol;
the spraying sequence is that the coating solution I is firstly sprayed and then the coating solution II is sprayed, or the coating solution II is firstly sprayed and then the coating solution I is sprayed.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the coating liquid I, the biomass liquefied substance is prepared by taking at least one of sucrose, starch and crop straws as a raw material;
specifically, the biomass liquefaction product is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing the raw materials, a liquefying agent and an acid catalyst for carrying out liquefaction reaction, and cooling after the reaction is finished to obtain the catalyst;
the liquefying agent is at least one selected from polyethylene glycol 200, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 600 and glycerol;
the acid catalyst is at least one of concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid;
the mass ratio of the raw material to the liquefying agent to the acidic catalyst is 100: 200-400: 6-10 or 100: 300: 8-9;
in the liquefaction reaction step, the temperature is 140-180 ℃ or 160 ℃; the time is 30-150 minutes or 120 minutes.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the coating liquid II, the relative molecular mass of the oligomer polyol is 300-3000; specifically at least one selected from the group consisting of polyether polyol, vegetable oil polyol, polyester polyol and polyolefin polyol having a relative molecular mass of 300-3000;
more specifically at least one selected from the group consisting of phthalic anhydride polyester polyols having a relative molecular mass of 300-3000, polytetrahydrofuran diols, polyether triols, polyether diols, castor oil, soy oil polyols, polycaprolactone diols, dimer polyester diols, polycarbonate diols, and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadienes.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the coating liquid I and the coating liquid II both contain a catalyst and an auxiliary agent;
specifically, the catalyst is selected from at least one of dibutyltin dilaurate, dialkyltin dithiolate, dibutyltin diacetate, stannous octoate, monobutyltin oxide, dibutyltin oxide, dimethylcyclohexylamine, dimethylhexadecylamine, triethylenediamine, dimethylethanolamine, triethanolamine, triethylenediamine, ethylenediamine, triethylenediamine, triethylamine, tetramethyliminodipropylamine, bismuth carboxylate, potassium isooctanoate, potassium acetate and potassium oleate;
the auxiliary agent is at least one selected from paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, chlorinated paraffin wax, petroleum resin, alpha-olefin, polyethylene wax, EVA wax, asphalt and silicon wax;
in the coating liquid I, the using amount of a catalyst is 1-4% of the mass of the biomass liquefied substance;
the using amount of the auxiliary agent is 2-10% of the mass of the biomass liquefied substance;
in the coating liquid II, the using amount of the catalyst is 0.5-2.5% of the mass of the oligomer polyol;
the dosage of the auxiliary agent is 2-9% of the mass of the biomass liquefied substance.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the mass of a coating layer formed by film-forming and curing of the coating liquid sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer particles accounts for 1-5% of the mass of the fertilizer particles;
and after the two spraying processes are finished, the coating layer on the surface of the fertilizer granule accounts for 2-8% of the mass of the fertilizer granule.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the method further comprises the steps of:
spraying a curing agent on the surfaces of the fertilizer particles while spraying the coating liquid I or the coating liquid II;
the curing agent is specifically selected from at least one of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, liquefied MDI, isophorone diisocyanate, 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimer of 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethyl hexamethylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate and dimethyl biphenyl diisocyanate;
the dosage of the curing agent is 40-60% of the mass of the fertilizer particles.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein: in the spraying step, the temperature is 70-100 ℃;
the time is 2-6 minutes.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein: the granular fertilizer is selected from water-soluble elementary fertilizers or compound fertilizers obtained by compounding at least two of the water-soluble elementary fertilizers;
the water-soluble elementary fertilizer is specifically selected from any one of urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc chloride and ternary compound fertilizer;
the particle size of the fertilizer particles is 2-5 mm.
9. An in-situ reaction film-forming controlled-release fertilizer prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8; or,
the in-situ reaction film-forming controlled release fertilizer is applied to crop fertilization.
10. The in-situ reaction film-forming controlled release fertilizer of claim 9, wherein: the nutrient release period of the in-situ reaction film-forming controlled release fertilizer is 1-24 months;
the coating rate of the in-situ reaction film-forming controlled release fertilizer is 2-8%;
the weight loss rate of the coating layer after 1 year degradation is more than 8 percent;
the degradation latency of the coating layer in the soil is more than 2 months.
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| WO2023029544A1 (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2023-03-09 | 山东农业大学 | Bi-component polyol degradable polyurethane-coated controlled-release fertilizer, and preparation method therefor and use thereof |
| CN116120123A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-05-16 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Biomass-based membrane, coated controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116120123B (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2024-04-12 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Biomass-based membrane, coated controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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