CN106518295A - High-efficiency slow-release fertilizer used for fragrant fruit lotus root and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency slow-release fertilizer used for fragrant fruit lotus root. The fertilizer contains the following ingredients: oyster shell, sulphited castor oil, cane sugar, white carbon black, serpentine powders, rice hull ash, grapevine powder, plant deodorizing bacteria, saccharomycetes, ganoderma lucidum, butanedioic acid, nitrogen humate, black pepper extract, grape seed extract, Brassinosteroid, aproper amount of hydrogen peroxide, a proper amount of ammonia water, etc. By fermentation of serpentine powders, rice hull ash and grapevine powder in cooperation with nutrients, a coated slow-release fertilizer is prepared. The fertilizer itself is rich in organic matter and mineral elements, has rich nutrients, and has no peculiar smell. With the adoption of a coating layer capable of oxygen supply and dynamic regulation of pores, the fertilizer has long time of fertilizer efficiency, can release organic matter for a long time, and can promote metabolism of lotus root, promote growth and development of lotus root and inhibit infectious microbes in the growth environment. By the use of the fertilizer, quality of lotus root is guaranteed, oxidation resistance and brittleness are enhanced, and high-efficiency cultivation is realized. The fertilizer can be widely applied and promoted.

Description

A kind of high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer for delicate fragrance fruit Rhizoma Nelumbiniss and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to slow release fertilizer technical field, more particularly to a kind of high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer for delicate fragrance fruit Rhizoma Nelumbiniss And preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Chemical fertilizer plays the important and pivotal role in terms of grain yield is improved as important agriculture data, although I State's fertilizer amount total amount is big, but fertilizer utilization efficiency is far below World Developed Countries level.Nitrogenous fertilizer profit in the traditional fertilizer fertilising of China It is 30%～35%, phosphate fertilizer this season utilization rate 8%～20%, potassium utilization rate about 50% with rate, most of nutrition point is with seepage and steaming Send out and be lost in air and subsoil water, not only waste serious, and the environmental pollutions such as soil, air, subsoil water can be caused.Cause This, is modified to fertilizer, and it is to reduce fertilizer to use to improve fertilizer efficiency, the effective way increased operation rate.Such as current slow-release or control-release fertilizer One of effective measures of chemical fertilizer utilization ratio are improved exactly, slow-release or control-release fertilizer can efficiently control the release of nutrient, extend fertilizer efficiency period, expires The whole period of duration of sufficient crop to the needs of fertilizer nutrient, can improve to greatest extent fertilizer utilization rate, reduce the wasting of resources and Environmental pollution, to promoting agriculture and forestry volume increase, increasing peasant income, agriculture and forestry sustainable development important role, is 21 century fertilizer The important development direction of industry.

Concha Ostreae constantly being secreted inorganic salt by granulocyte and piles up and formed.In the formation of Concha Ostreae, organic-biological Macromole is formed as framework, induced crystal so that Calcium Carbonate molecule is constantly orderly piled up, and is gradually formed with highly denser The tridimensional network of degree.Concha Ostreae is mainly made up of three-decker, and outermost layer is the hardened proteins horny layer of very thin thickness, Centre is calcareous fiber interweaving, the prismatic layer containing more natural pore, is mainly made up of calcite, and internal layer is nacreous layer, Mainly it is made up of aragonite.In the three-decker of Concha Ostreae, topmost prismatic layer, in bladed structure, containing a large amount of micropores, After calcining, CO2 is excluded, and remaining main component is calcium oxide, and material is decomposed, and duct originally changes, and is formed Complicated porous structural, the material composition of Concha Ostreae are divided into inanimate matter and organic matter two parts, and inanimate matter part calcium carbonate is It is main, Concha Ostreae quality more than 90% is accounted for, wherein, calcium constituent accounts for 39.78%, additionally it contained copper, ferrum, zinc, manganese, strontium etc. more than 20 Plant trace element；The organic principle of Concha Ostreae accounts for the 3-5% of Concha Ostreae quality, containing glycine, cystine, methionine etc. 17 Middle aminoacid.

Calper calcium peroxide, chemical molecular formula CaO2 is a kind of important inorganic chemical product, white to yellowish no color or smell, It is slow in water and humid air to discharge oxygen, can be used as antibacterial, preservative, leaven, oils bleach and close earth rubber fast Dry agent and oxygen supplement oxygenate.When but calper calcium peroxide is directly used, it is faced with and meets water wet gas excessively quick release oxygen Defect and deficiency.As hydrogen peroxide and appropriate water generating stable peroxide calcium crystal can be combined by calcium oxide, such as change Shown in formula, CaO+H2O2+7H2O → CaO2 8H2O, in the reaction system, need to enter the calper calcium peroxide crystal for generating A series of programs such as row filtration, flushing, heat drying can just obtain stable calper calcium peroxide.

Concha Ostreae wide material sources, develop the slow-release fertilizer of high efficiency low cost by Concha Ostreae, and the utilization rate to improving fertilizer has Great meaning.

The content of the invention

The object of the invention is exactly for the defect for making up prior art, there is provided a kind of for the efficiently slow of delicate fragrance fruit Rhizoma Nelumbiniss Release fertilizer and preparation method thereof.

The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：

A kind of high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer for delicate fragrance fruit Rhizoma Nelumbiniss, including following parts by weight of component：Concha Ostreae 83-84, sulfurous acid Change Oleum Ricini 33-34, sucrose 32-33, white carbon 68-69, nanoscale thermal activation clay 43-44, Serpentiss and put stone powder 120-130, lemon Bar powder 100-110, sweet straw grain 130-140, rice hull ash 190-200, vine powder 170-180, plant deodorization bacterium 4-5, yeast Bacterium 6-7, clever daughter bacteria 4-5, methene succinic acid 7-8, nitro humus acid 7-8, mannocarolose 6-8, humic acid nitrogen 10-11, poly- Pyrusussuriensiss Sour 4-5, Fructus piperis nigrum extract 5-6, Semen Vitis viniferae extract 6-7, Brassica campestris L element sterol 3-4, sodium silicofluoride 3-4, tertiary sodium phosphate 5-6, Viscosity humic acid 19-20, appropriate hydrogen peroxide, appropriate ammonia, appropriate water.

A kind of described high-efficiency sustained-release method for preparing fertilizer for delicate fragrance fruit Rhizoma Nelumbiniss, comprises the following steps：

(1) Concha Ostreae is put in destructor and crushes 20-30min, crossed 300 mesh, be put in muffle furnace afterwards, at 900-950 DEG C Lower calcining 3-4h, obtain calcining oyster shell powder, by add in calcining oyster shell powder gross weight 3-5 times ammonia and 10-12 times Water, ultrasound mechanical agitation 20-40min, form reaction bottom liquid at room temperature；Hydrogen peroxide is stirred continuously with being added drop-wise in room temperature Reaction bottom liquid in reacted, after hydrogen peroxide completion of dropping continue reaction 10-20min, formed comprising calper calcium peroxide crystal sink The reactant liquor in shallow lake, wherein hydrogen peroxide are 7-10 with the mol ratio of calcining oyster shell powder:1；The clarification of reactant liquor upper strata and lower floor are sunk Form sediment and separate, obtain complex liquid and precipitation is standby；Sulfiting Oleum Ricini and sucrose are mixed, in 190 DEG C of heated and stirred 20-30min, Stop heating cooling, but be kept stirring for, be slowly added to precipitate in whipping process and stir, high pressure homogenize stirring is equal It is even, then it is cooled in room temperature chamber pressure and adds the water of white carbon, nanoscale thermal activation clay and gross weight 4-5 times to mix It is even, obtain coating liquid standby；

(2) by methene succinic acid, nitro humus acid, mannocarolose, humic acid nitrogen, poly- sorbic acid, Fructus piperis nigrum extract, Semen Vitis viniferae Extract, Brassica campestris L element sterol, sodium silicofluoride, tertiary sodium phosphate mixing, and the water mixing and stirring of gross weight 3-5 times is added, obtain Nutritional solution is standby；

(3) Serpentiss are put into stone powder, Herba Caraganae intermediae powder, sweet straw grain, rice hull ash, vine powder co-grinding, crosses 300 mesh, add battalion afterwards After the water of nutrient solution, plant deodorization bacterium, yeast, clever daughter bacteria and gross weight 0.34-0.35 times stirs, coal briquette is banked up into The column compost with holes of shape, bank up at 35-40 DEG C fermentation 26-38d, and compost fermentation is temporally divided into 2 stages, 2nd stage adds step when starting（1）The complex liquid for obtaining, treats fermentation ends, and pulverized zone hole post shape compost adds viscosity rotten After growing sour mixing and stirring, adjustment moisture is gross weight 49.5-50%, afterwards using circular comminutor manufacture diameter 1.45-1.65mm ball-type fertiliser granulates it is standby；

(4) ball-type fertiliser granulates are placed into rolling on fluid bed, by step in high temperature with high-pressure nozzle and air cooking（1） To coating liquid repeat uniformly to be sprayed at ball-type fertiliser granulates 3-5 time by high-pressure nozzle, coordinate 130.5- during sprinkling every time 140 DEG C of air cooking, it is to be operated to finish, 1.9-2h is being dried using 41.5-50 DEG C, cooling down, it is packed to obtain final product.

It is an advantage of the invention that：

The present invention is put stone powder, Herba Caraganae intermediae powder, sweet straw grain, rice hull ash, vine powder using Serpentiss and coordinates green vitriol, sulphuric acid The nutrient substance such as magnesium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Aminoacids complex powder, fulvic acid, sodium acetate, zinc glycinate, ferrum glycinate, Mn-Gly A kind of coated slow release fertilizer is prepared for Jing after plant deodorization bacterium, yeast, clever daughter bacteria fermentation, fertilizer itself is rich in organic matter, ore deposit Material element, nutritious, no abnormal flavour, adopt can with oxygen supply and dynamic adjustment hole coating layer, fertilizer efficiency time is long, can Prolonged release organic matter nutrient, can promote Rhizoma Nelumbiniss metabolism, promote its growth promoter, Developing restraint environment it is miscellaneous Bacterium, it is ensured that quality, improves its non-oxidizability and fragility, realizes its Efficient Cultivation；The coating layer for being adopted is using Concha Ostreae, white White carbon black, nanoscale thermal activation clay are prepared from, and Concha Ostreae is generated with hydrogen peroxide reaction under calcining, alkaline environment to be stablized Calcium oxide crystal and alkali liquor, stable peroxide calcium crystal Jing after sulfiting Oleum Ricini and sucrose peplos with white carbon, nanoscale Thermal activation clay is directly in conjunction with preparing coating layer, and the volume drying through fertiliser granulates removes the moisture of calper calcium peroxide crystal, Realize the fertilizer coating layer of loading stable peroxide calcium, system overcomes the inconvenience of calper calcium peroxide quick release oxygen soluble in water Directly using the defect and deficiency in sustained slow-release fertilizer；Meanwhile, sweat improves raw material utilization into alkali liquor is made full use of Efficiency, and fermentation sour environment is overcome to zymogenic suppression, fermentation efficiency is improve, the nutrition of fertilizer is enriched and can be inhaled The small-molecule substance content that receipts are utilized；

During the use of the coated fertilizer, rich in calper calcium peroxide coating layer in the presence of water, calper calcium peroxide is reacted with water, and one Release oxygen in part generates the calcium hydroxide with adhesive property, the hole of one side dynamic regulation coating layer, adjustment fertilizer simultaneously The release efficiency of material, slows down the disintegration rate of coating layer, on the other hand promotes the metabolism of plant, and concrete manifestation is as follows:One It is can to break hardened urban soils, chesson, improve the gas permeability of soil, so that affined nutrient and moisture are in soil In significantly more efficient motion, can improve soil microorganism colony sum and specific diversity, strengthen soil rich water penetration, reduce Pest and disease damage occurs, and two is the growth promoter for providing the anaerobic condition promotion kind root system that oxygen improves plant root that can be continual and steady, With the effect killed two birds with one stone, high cost coated fertilizer can be replaced to a certain extent.

Extensively, Costco Wholesale is low, and preparation technology is simple to operate for the coated fertilizer material source of the present invention, and effect is notable, energy Enough extensively applications and popularization.

Specific embodiment

A kind of high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer for delicate fragrance fruit Rhizoma Nelumbiniss, including following parts by weight of component：Concha Ostreae 83, sulfurous acid Change Oleum Ricini 33, sucrose 32, white carbon 68, nanoscale thermal activation clay 43, Serpentiss and put stone powder 120, Herba Caraganae intermediae powder 100, sweet straw grain 130th, rice hull ash 190, vine powder 170, plant deodorization bacterium 4, yeast 6, clever daughter bacteria 4, methene succinic acid 7, nitro humus acid 7th, mannocarolose 6, humic acid nitrogen 10, poly- sorbic acid 4, Fructus piperis nigrum extract 5, Semen Vitis viniferae extract 6, Brassica campestris L element sterol 3, fluosilicic Change sodium 3, tertiary sodium phosphate 5, viscosity humic acid 19, appropriate hydrogen peroxide, appropriate ammonia, appropriate water.

A kind of described high-efficiency sustained-release method for preparing fertilizer for delicate fragrance fruit Rhizoma Nelumbiniss, comprises the following steps：

(1) Concha Ostreae is put in destructor and crushes 20min, crossed 300 mesh, be put in muffle furnace afterwards, calcined at 900 DEG C 3h, obtains calcining oyster shell powder, will add the ammonia of 3 times of gross weight and 10 times of water, surpass in calcining oyster shell powder at room temperature Sound mechanical agitation 20min, form reaction bottom liquid；Hydrogen peroxide is carried out with being added drop-wise in the reaction bottom liquid being stirred continuously in room temperature Reaction, continues reaction 10min, forms the reactant liquor comprising calper calcium peroxide crystal settling, wherein dioxygen after hydrogen peroxide completion of dropping Water is 7 with the mol ratio of calcining oyster shell powder:1；The clarification of reactant liquor upper strata and lower sediment are separated, complex liquid is obtained and precipitation is standby With；Sulfiting Oleum Ricini and sucrose are mixed, in 190 DEG C of heated and stirred 20min, are stopped heating cooling, but is kept stirring for, It is slowly added to precipitate and stir in whipping process, high pressure homogenize stirs, is then cooled in room temperature chamber pressure and adds in vain The water mixing and stirring of 4 times of white carbon black, nanoscale thermal activation clay and gross weight, obtains coating liquid standby；

(2) by methene succinic acid, nitro humus acid, mannocarolose, humic acid nitrogen, poly- sorbic acid, Fructus piperis nigrum extract, Semen Vitis viniferae Extract, Brassica campestris L element sterol, sodium silicofluoride, tertiary sodium phosphate mixing, and the water mixing and stirring of 3 times of gross weight is added, must seek Nutrient solution is standby；

(3) Serpentiss are put into stone powder, Herba Caraganae intermediae powder, sweet straw grain, rice hull ash, vine powder co-grinding, crosses 300 mesh, add battalion afterwards After the water of 0.34 times of nutrient solution, plant deodorization bacterium, yeast, clever daughter bacteria and gross weight stirs, the spherical shape of coal-forming of banking up Column compost with holes, bank up at 35 DEG C fermentation 26d, compost fermentation is temporally divided into 2 stages, the 2nd stage Step is added during beginning（1）The complex liquid for obtaining, treats fermentation ends, and pulverized zone hole post shape compost adds the mixing of viscosity humic acid After stirring, adjustment moisture is gross weight 49.5%, manufactures the ball-type of diameter 1.45mm afterwards using circular comminutor Fertiliser granulates are standby；

(4) ball-type fertiliser granulates are placed into rolling on fluid bed, by step in high temperature with high-pressure nozzle and air cooking（1） To coating liquid be repeated 3 times by high-pressure nozzle and be uniformly sprayed at ball-type fertiliser granulates, coordinate 130.5 DEG C when spraying every time Air cooking, it is to be operated to finish, 1.9h is being dried using 41.5 DEG C, cooling down, it is packed to obtain final product.

The fruit Rhizoma Nelumbiniss base that two pieces of areas are 30 mu is taken, is divided into matched group and experimental group.Matched group is using commercially available general Logical fertilizer, per mu is used fertilizer 70kg, and using slow-release fertilizer obtained in the present invention, per mu is used fertilizer 70kg to experimental group.Two pieces of fruit Rhizoma Nelumbiniss base is adjacent, and sunshine is consistent with field treatment, is plucked after maturation respectively, and statistics finds that matched group sickness rate is 22%, experiment Group sickness rate is 13%, matched group average yield per mu 4218.2kg, experimental group average yield per mu 5289.5kg.Simultaneously using present invention fertilizer The experimental group of material, soil block are significantly reduced, and illustrate that experimental group is all obtained using resistance after the fertilizer of the present invention and per mu yield Improve, sickness rate reduces 10%, and per mu yield improves 1071.3kg, and fruit quality is improved, while soil block Reduce.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer for delicate fragrance fruit Rhizoma Nelumbiniss, it is characterised in that including following parts by weight of component：Concha Ostreae 83-84, sulfiting Oleum Ricini 33-34, sucrose 32-33, white carbon 68-69, nanoscale thermal activation clay 43-44, Serpentiss put stone Powder 120-130, Herba Caraganae intermediae powder 100-110, sweet straw grain 130-140, rice hull ash 190-200, vine powder 170-180, plant remove Smelly bacterium 4-5, yeast 6-7, clever daughter bacteria 4-5, methene succinic acid 7-8, nitro humus acid 7-8, mannocarolose 6-8, humic acid nitrogen 10-11, poly- sorbic acid 4-5, Fructus piperis nigrum extract 5-6, Semen Vitis viniferae extract 6-7, Brassica campestris L element sterol 3-4, sodium silicofluoride 3-4, Tertiary sodium phosphate 5-6, viscosity humic acid 19-20, appropriate hydrogen peroxide, appropriate ammonia, appropriate water.

2. a kind of high-efficiency sustained-release method for preparing fertilizer for delicate fragrance fruit Rhizoma Nelumbiniss as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that Comprise the following steps：

(1) Concha Ostreae is put in destructor and crushes 20-30min, crossed 300 mesh, be put in muffle furnace afterwards, at 900-950 DEG C Lower calcining 3-4h, obtain calcining oyster shell powder, by add in calcining oyster shell powder gross weight 3-5 times ammonia and 10-12 times Water, ultrasound mechanical agitation 20-40min, form reaction bottom liquid at room temperature；Hydrogen peroxide is stirred continuously with being added drop-wise in room temperature Reaction bottom liquid in reacted, after hydrogen peroxide completion of dropping continue reaction 10-20min, formed comprising calper calcium peroxide crystal sink The reactant liquor in shallow lake, wherein hydrogen peroxide are 7-10 with the mol ratio of calcining oyster shell powder:1；The clarification of reactant liquor upper strata and lower floor are sunk Form sediment and separate, obtain complex liquid and precipitation is standby；Sulfiting Oleum Ricini and sucrose are mixed, in 190 DEG C of heated and stirred 20-30min, Stop heating cooling, but be kept stirring for, be slowly added to precipitate in whipping process and stir, high pressure homogenize stirring is equal It is even, then it is cooled in room temperature chamber pressure and adds the water of white carbon, nanoscale thermal activation clay and gross weight 4-5 times to mix It is even, obtain coating liquid standby；

(2) by methene succinic acid, nitro humus acid, mannocarolose, humic acid nitrogen, poly- sorbic acid, Fructus piperis nigrum extract, Semen Vitis viniferae Extract, Brassica campestris L element sterol, sodium silicofluoride, tertiary sodium phosphate mixing, and the water mixing and stirring of gross weight 3-5 times is added, obtain Nutritional solution is standby；

(3) Serpentiss are put into stone powder, Herba Caraganae intermediae powder, sweet straw grain, rice hull ash, vine powder co-grinding, crosses 300 mesh, add battalion afterwards After the water of nutrient solution, plant deodorization bacterium, yeast, clever daughter bacteria and gross weight 0.34-0.35 times stirs, coal briquette is banked up into The column compost with holes of shape, bank up at 35-40 DEG C fermentation 26-38d, and compost fermentation is temporally divided into 2 stages, 2nd stage adds step when starting（1）The complex liquid for obtaining, treats fermentation ends, and pulverized zone hole post shape compost adds viscosity rotten After growing sour mixing and stirring, adjustment moisture is gross weight 49.5-50%, afterwards using circular comminutor manufacture diameter 1.45-1.65mm ball-type fertiliser granulates it is standby；

(4) ball-type fertiliser granulates are placed into rolling on fluid bed, by step in high temperature with high-pressure nozzle and air cooking（1） To coating liquid repeat uniformly to be sprayed at ball-type fertiliser granulates 3-5 time by high-pressure nozzle, coordinate 130.5- during sprinkling every time 140 DEG C of air cooking, it is to be operated to finish, 1.9-2h is being dried using 41.5-50 DEG C, cooling down, it is packed to obtain final product.