CN106515419A - 一种油电混合叉车 - Google Patents

一种油电混合叉车 Download PDF

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CN106515419A
CN106515419A CN201611191429.9A CN201611191429A CN106515419A CN 106515419 A CN106515419 A CN 106515419A CN 201611191429 A CN201611191429 A CN 201611191429A CN 106515419 A CN106515419 A CN 106515419A
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motor
oil
gearbox
fork truck
output shaft
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江毅
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Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute
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Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/46—Series type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
    • B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
    • B60P1/02—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with parallel up-and-down movement of load supporting or containing element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
    • B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
    • B60P1/04—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with a tipping movement of load-transporting element
    • B60P1/16—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with a tipping movement of load-transporting element actuated by fluid-operated mechanisms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种油电混合叉车，包括：行驶机构，包括车架和车轮；动力机构，包括电动机和为所述电动机供电的电池，以及与所述电动机串联设置的发动机，发动机与电动机共用一根输出轴；传动机构，包括连接所述输出轴的变速箱，以驱动所述行驶机构运动；作业机构，受所述动力机构驱动；以及，控制器；所述变速箱为可换向变速箱，在所述变速箱和电动机之间还设置有离合器，本发明的油电混合叉车设计合理，可仅使用一个电动机同时带动行驶机构和作业机构工作，电动机数量减少也使得车架腾出的有限空间可以用来存放电动机的电池，从而提升电动工程车的续航，解决目前电动车续航差，相比于机动工程车不能持久作业的技术缺陷。

Description

一种油电混合叉车
技术领域
本发明涉及工程车技术领域，具体涉及一种油电混合叉车。
背景技术
工程车广泛应用于现代建筑工程、机械生产等领域，依动力来源分类，工程车一般分为电动工程车和燃油工程车，电动工程车在制造、使用成本、以及环境保护方面明显优于燃油工程车，目前电动工程车已经成为工程车的发展趋势。例如，中国专利CN202213507U公开了一种垃圾车电动驱动装置，采用主电机、转向电机、和制动电机三个电机分别控制垃圾车的行驶、转向和制动。这种垃圾车电动驱动装置适用于仅包括行驶、和制动两种工况的垃圾车，如带有起升作业机构的工程车使用这种垃圾车电动驱动装置还需要再配备一个作业机构用电机。
这种电动工程车存在的缺陷是：在工程车车身结构有限的情况下，至少需要配备三个电机才能实现工程车正常使用，三个电机以及电机的配套设备的设置占用了较多的车身空间，使得电池的存放空间大大减小，因此使用这种垃圾车电动驱动装置的工程车，续航时间较短，不能长时间工作。
发明内容
因此，本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中的电动工程车采用三个电机才能驱动工程车正常使用，导致三个电机挤占车身内的电池容纳空间，导致工程车续航时间较短的技术缺陷。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种油电混合叉车，包括：
行驶机构，包括车架和车轮；
动力机构，包括电动机和为所述电动机供电的电池，以及与所述电动机串联设置的发动机，所述发动机与所述电动机共用一根输出轴；
传动机构，包括连接所述输出轴的变速箱，以驱动所述行驶机构运动；
作业机构，受所述动力机构驱动；
以及，控制器；
所述变速箱为可换向变速箱，在所述变速箱和电动机之间还设置有离合器；
所述作业机构包括连接在所述车架上的货架、滑动设置在所述货架上的货叉、以及用于驱动所述货叉运动的液压油缸。
上述的油电混合叉车中，所述货架铰接设置在所述车架上，所述液压油缸包括驱动所述货架旋转，以使所述货架前倾或后仰的倾斜液压油缸，以及驱动所述货叉升降的升降液压油缸。
上述的油电混合叉车中，所述车轮包括位于所述车架前端的前轮和位于所述车架后端的后轮，所述前轮的直径大于所述后轮的直径。
上述的油电混合叉车中，所述电动机在其转子两端分别设置有第一输出轴和第二输出轴，所述第一输出轴连接所述传动机构；所述第二输出轴连接所述作业机构。
上述的油电混合叉车中，所述变速箱、离合器、和电动机依次靠近工程车前端设置在车架上。
上述的油电混合叉车中，所述作业机构为液压作业机构，其包括连接所述第二输出轴的液压泵、与所述液压泵连接的液压油箱、以及连接所述液压油箱的液压油缸。
上述的油电混合叉车中，所述液压油箱和所述控制器分别设置在所述车架的两侧，所述车架的后端设置有配重。
上述的油电混合叉车中，还包括设置在所述配重上方的电池箱，所述电池箱内设置有所述电池。
上述的油电混合叉车中，还包括驾驶座椅，所述驾驶座椅设置在所述电动机、离合器和所述变速箱的上方。
本发明技术方案，具有如下优点：
1.本发明提供的油电混合叉车中，由于变速箱为可换向变速箱，因此可以使用一台电动机即可同时驱动行驶机构和作业机构，其具有以下优势：第一，最直观的，电动机数量减少后，工程车的生产成本也随之降低；第二，电动机数量减少也使得车架腾出的有限空间可以用来存放电动机的电池，从而提升电动工程车的续航，解决目前电动车续航差，相比于机动工程车不能持久作业的技术缺陷；第三、工程车在使用时，其停止和换向的动作很频繁，由于本实施例的电动机在换向过程中不需要变换转子的转动方向，电动机在换向前后的转动方向能够保持一致，仅通过离合器和变速箱就可以完成行驶机构的换向和停止，因此相比于一般的工程车，本发明的油电混合叉车在换向过程中电动机的能耗更少，可节省电动机的电量消耗，进一步优化了电动工程车的续航。
2.本发明提供的油电混合叉车中，电动机的转子两端分别连接第一输出轴和第二输出轴，两个输出轴分别驱动行驶机构和作业机构，这样相比于一般的工程车中通过不同电机分别驱动行驶机构和作业机构的设置方式，本实施例的油电混合叉车的布局更加紧凑合理，充分利用了车架上的空间，使电动机前后都被利用起来，从而腾出了更大的电池容纳空间。
3.本发明提供的油电混合叉车中，由于采用了电动机和发动机油电混合的结构，日常使用时仅启用电动机，当需要装卸较重货物时，通过控制器启动发动机，油电结合使用从而达到提高输出功率的目的，使得本发明的油电混合工程车适用范围更广。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明的油电混合叉车的内部结构示意图；
图2为本发明的油电混合叉车中车架10和变速箱21以及电动机11连接结构示意图；
图3为本发明的油电混合叉车的外部结构示意图；
图4为图3中油电混合叉车的分体结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
10-车架；11-电动机；21-变速箱；22-离合器；31-液压泵；32-液压油箱；33-配重；34-电池箱；35-控制器；41-驾驶座椅；42-货架；43-倾斜液压油缸；44-升降液压油缸；12-前轮；13-后轮。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
此外，下面所描述的本发明不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种油电混合叉车，参考图1，其包括由车架10和车轮以及驱动桥等构成的行驶机构，其余部件皆以行驶机构为安装基础安装到车架10上，从而构成本实施例的油电混合叉车。
如图1和图2所示，靠近车架10的前端依次设置有可换向的变速箱21、离合器22以及电动机11，电动机11的输出轴通过离合器22连接变速箱21，变速箱21再带动车轮转动。具体地，电动机11的转子两端连接有第一输出轴(图中未显示)和第二输出轴(图中未显示)，其中第一输出轴与所述离合器相连，第二输出轴用于驱动液压泵31工作，液压泵31再驱使液压油缸动作，从而完成对作业机构的控制。
参考图3和图4，本实施例的油电混合叉车对工程车的结构布置作出了合理的布置，具体如图4所示，在车架10上与液压油箱32相对的一侧设置有控制器35；由于车架10的前端用于承重作业，因此在车架10的后端设置有配重33，在配重33的上方是电池箱34，电池箱34内存放用于驱动电动机11的电池，电池箱34的前端设置供驾驶员乘坐的驾驶座椅41，架势座椅41上方设置有遮挡架，防止高空坠物，确保驾驶员安全。
本实施例中，由于变速箱21为可换向变速箱，那么电动机11的输出轴则能够仅单向旋转，车辆的后退依靠变速箱21换向完成。这样电动机11就可以用于驱动作业机构动作，如图1所示，电动机11的第二输出轴带动液压泵31工作，液压泵31连接液压油箱32带动液压油缸动作。可见本实施例中，仅使用一台电动机11即可同时驱动行驶机构和作业机构，相比于现有技术中至少需要4台电动机11的设置方式有明显优势。第一，最直观的，电动机11数量减少后，工程车的生产成本也随之降低；第二，电动机11数量减少也使得车架10腾出的有限空间可以用来存放电动机11的电池，从而提升电动工程车的续航，解决目前电动车续航差，相比于机动工程车不能持久作业的技术缺陷；第三、电动工程车在使用时，其停止和换向的动作很频繁，由于本实施例的电动机11在换向过程中不需要变换转子的转动方向，电动机11在换向前后的转动方向能够保持一致，仅通过离合器22和变速箱21就可以完成行驶机构的换向和停止，因此相比于一般的电动工程车，本实施例的油电混合叉车在换向过程中电动机11的能耗更少，可节省电动机11的电量消耗，从而提高了电动工程车的续航。
上述实施方式中，仅介绍了使用电动机11单独驱动行驶机构和作业机构的实施方式，本实施例的油电混合叉车还可以采用电动机11和发动机同时驱动使用，具体地(发动机图中未显示)和电动机11串联设置，所述发动机与所述电动机11共用一根输出轴；由于采用了电动机11和发动机油电混合的结构，日常使用时仅启用电动机11，当需要装卸较重货物时，通过控制器启动发动机，油电结合使用从而达到提高输出功率的目的，使得本发明的油电混合工程车适用范围更广。
需要说明的是：作为上述实施方式的一种变形，作业机构还可以是气压驱动或机械驱动，而不仅局限与液压驱动，本领域技术人员可根据实际使用需求来选择作业机构的设置方式。
本实施例中，电动机11的转子两端分别连接第一输出轴和第二输出轴，两个输出轴分别驱动行驶机构和作业机构，这样相比于一般的工程车中通过不同电机分别驱动行驶机构和作业机构的设置方式，本实施例的油电混合叉车的布局更加紧凑合理，充分利用了车架10上的空间，使电动机11前后都被利用起来，从而腾出了更大的电池容纳空间。
叉车是一种工场中常见的转运机械，在叉车的前端铰接设置有货架42、和滑动设置在货架42上的货叉，货架42和货叉分别受液压油缸带动动作，从而完成搬运。如图3所示，货架42受倾斜液压油缸43带动，使货架42能够绕铰接轴偏转，从而完成挖、铲动作，货叉受升降液压油缸44带动，从而完成起升动作。
本实施例中，车架10前端的前轮12直径大于车架10后端的后轮13，一般来说前轮12用于承重，后轮12用于转向，因此较小的后轮便于叉车在较小空间内完成转向，从而方便在车间等环境下穿行。由图3所示，驾驶座椅41的上方还设置有遮挡架。
但需要说明的是，实施例1中所述的叉车不仅限于应用在叉车领域，还可以是其他形式的工程车。
叉车的另一种实施方式中，货架42是固定设置在车架10上的，作业机构仅包含升降液压油缸44和货叉，而不包含倾斜液压油缸43，这种结构更简单的叉车，仅依靠货叉即可完成箱装物体的搬运，应用范围也很广。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (9)

1.一种油电混合叉车，包括：
行驶机构，包括车架(10)和车轮；
动力机构，包括电动机(11)和为所述电动机(11)供电的电池，以及与所述电动机(11)串联设置的发动机，所述发动机与所述电动机(11)共用一根输出轴；
传动机构，包括连接所述输出轴的变速箱(21)，以驱动所述行驶机构运动；
作业机构，受所述动力机构驱动；
以及，控制器(35)；
其特征在于：所述变速箱(21)为可换向变速箱，在所述变速箱(21)和电动机(11)之间还设置有离合器(22)；
所述作业机构包括连接在所述车架(10)上的货架(42)、滑动设置在所述货架(42)上的货叉、以及用于驱动所述货叉运动的液压油缸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的油电混合叉车，其特征在于：所述货架(42)铰接设置在所述车架(10)上，所述液压油缸包括驱动所述货架旋转，以使所述货架前倾或后仰的倾斜液压油缸(43)，以及驱动所述货叉升降的升降液压油缸(44)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的油电混合叉车，其特征在于：所述车轮包括位于所述车架(10)前端的前轮(12)和位于所述车架(10)后端的后轮(13)，所述前轮(12)的直径大于所述后轮(13)的直径。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的油电混合叉车，其特征在于：所述电动机(11)在其转子两端分别设置有第一输出轴和第二输出轴，所述第一输出轴连接所述传动机构；所述第二输出轴连接所述作业机构。
5.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的油电混合叉车，其特征在于：所述变速箱(21)、离合器(22)、和电动机(11)依次靠近工程车前端设置在车架(10)上。
6.根据权利要求4所述的油电混合叉车，其特征在于：所述作业机构为液压作业机构，其包括连接所述第二输出轴的液压泵(31)、与所述液压泵(31)连接的液压油箱(32)、以及连接所述液压油箱(32)的液压油缸。
7.根据权利要求6所述的油电混合叉车，其特征在于：所述液压油箱(32)和所述控制器(35)分别设置在所述车架(10)的两侧，所述车架(10)的后端设置有配重(33)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的油电混合叉车，其特征在于：还包括设置在所述配重(33)上方的电池箱(34)，所述电池箱(34)内设置有所述电池。
9.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的油电混合叉车，其特征在于：还包括驾驶座椅(41)，所述驾驶座椅(41)设置在所述电动机(11)、离合器(22)和所述变速箱(21)的上方。
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