CN106508808A - River water giant salamander breeding method - Google Patents
River water giant salamander breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106508808A CN106508808A CN201611127655.0A CN201611127655A CN106508808A CN 106508808 A CN106508808 A CN 106508808A CN 201611127655 A CN201611127655 A CN 201611127655A CN 106508808 A CN106508808 A CN 106508808A
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- blanchard
- japonicus daoidianuas
- megalobatrachus japonicus
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- culturing pool
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of breeding and particularly relates to a river water giant salamander breeding method. The method includes the specific steps of A, building of a breeding pond; B, water quality control; C, water temperature control; D, giant salamander disinfection; E, feeding. By means of the method, the survival rate of giant salamander is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cultural technique field, and in particular to a kind of method that river cultivates Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard).
Background technology
Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) is also called Andrias davidianus Blanchard, mermaid, Hai Eryu, pike, morrhua, foot fish, and crow fish, cured Canis familiaris L. etc., belongs to Amphibia, has
Tail mesh, Cryptobranchidae, are one kind of maximum in existing Caudata, are the distinctive large-scale Amphibian of China.Its fine and tender taste, taste
Road is delicious, and containing high quality protein, abundant aminoacid and trace element, nutritive value is high.
In recent years, catch and kill because of natural environment deterioration, illegally, smuggle and peddle, add Andrias davidianus Blanchard poor growth, sexual maturity is later,
Fertilization, the low reason of survival rate, Andrias davidianus Blanchard resource amount decline year by year.Although starting method of the someone using artificial breeding at present
Cultivation Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), but the survival rate of Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) is relatively low, generally 30-50%.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method of river cultivation Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard).
To realize object above, the technical scheme is that：
The method that river cultivates Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), concretely comprises the following steps：
A. build culturing pool：The river of height above sea level 300-800m is selected as culture zone, apart from the river of riverside 0.2-0.5m
Culturing pool is built in water, cave and irrigation and drainage facility are set in culturing pool, outlet arranges escaping-preventing facilities, takes at the top of culturing pool
Anti-escape network is built, and builds shading screen, culturing pool is allowed to dry and the cleaning of irrigation channel water, sterilization again by irrigation channel water immersion 2-3 month；
B. Water-quality control：Control dissolved oxygen in water is not less than 5.5mg/L, adjusts pH7.6-8.1, adjusts the total hardness in water
Meet fishery water standard with total alkalinity and chloride, sulfate, silicate and ammonia nitrogen content, residual was removed every 7-8 days
Bait and Excreta once, every 14-15 days with quick lime regulating water quality once, and to Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) and culturing pool sterilization one
It is secondary；
C. water temperature control：It is 12-18 DEG C to adjust water temperature；
D. Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) sterilization：The Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) of a length of 12-15cm of selective body, carries out disinfection to Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) before putting in a suitable place to breed；
E. feed：In daily 6:30 and 8:30 feed once respectively, and the scale of feeding of bait is the 12- of Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) body weight
14%；
Further, the size of culturing pool described in step A is designed with every tail Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) occupied area,<1 year old age Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard)
For 0.6-0.9m2/ tail, 1-2 year age Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) are 1.2-1.8m2/ tail, 2-4 year age Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) are 3-3.6m2/ tail, 4 years old more than age
Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) is 4.5-4.8m2/ tail.
Further, sterilization described in step A is bleaching powder.
Further, the consumption of the bleaching powder is 1.1-1.3mg/kg.
Further, in step A, the shading rate of the shading screen is 15-20%.
The light transmittance is the efficiency of the transmission light for representing display device etc., is the luminous flux through transparent or semitransparent body
With the percentage rate of its incident flux.
Further, the consumption of quick lime described in step B is 24-27g/kg.
Further, the bait of input is fed described in step E by Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, pseudorasbora parva, astacus, aquatic insect, Hepar Sus domestica, bone
Powder, fish oil and Semen Maydis oil are according to 15:20:10:15:3:1:4:3 mass ratio composition, wherein, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, pseudorasbora parva, astacus and
Aquatic insect is being.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is：
Herein described method improves the survival rate of Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard).
Specific embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.It is unreceipted in preferred embodiment
The experimental technique of actual conditions, generally according to normal condition.
Embodiment 1
The method that river cultivates Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), concretely comprises the following steps：
A. build culturing pool：The Daning River Wuxi County section of height above sea level 300-800m is selected as culture zone, apart from riverside
Build in the river of 0.2-0.5m culturing pool (size of culturing pool is designed with every tail Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) occupied area,<1 year old age baby
Baby fish is 0.6m2/ tail, 1-2 year age Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) are 1.2m2/ tail, 2-4 year age Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) are 3.6m2/ tail, 4 years old age above Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard)
For 4.5m2/ tail), cave and irrigation and drainage facility are set in culturing pool, outlet arranges escaping-preventing facilities, builds at the top of culturing pool
Anti-escape network, and build shading screen (shading rate is 15%), irrigation channel water soak 2 months, and culturing pool is allowed to dry and irrigation channel water again
Clean and use bleaching powder (consumption is 1.1mg/kg) to sterilize；
B. Water-quality control：Control dissolved oxygen in water is not less than 5.5mg/L, adjusts pH7.6, adjusts total hardness in water and total
Basicity and chloride, sulfate, silicate and ammonia nitrogen content meet fishery water standard, and the bait of residual was removed every 7 days
With Excreta once, every 14 days with quick lime (consumption is 24g/kg) regulating water quality once, and Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) and culturing pool are disappeared
Poison is once；
C. water temperature control：It is 12 DEG C to adjust water temperature；
D. Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) sterilization：The Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) of a length of 12-15cm of selective body, carries out disinfection to Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) before putting in a suitable place to breed；
E. feed：In daily 6:30 and 8:30 feed once respectively, and the scale of feeding of bait is the 12% of Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) body weight, is raised
The bait thrown in is fed by Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, pseudorasbora parva, astacus, aquatic insect, Hepar Sus domestica, bone meal, fish oil and Semen Maydis oil according to 15:20:10:
15:3:1:4:3 mass ratio composition, wherein, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, pseudorasbora parva, astacus and aquatic insect are being.
After 3 years, it is 1.84kg that Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) survival rate is 86%, single tail average weight.
Embodiment 2
The method that river cultivates Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), concretely comprises the following steps：
A. build culturing pool：The Daning River Wuxi County section of height above sea level 300-800m is selected as culture zone, apart from riverside
Build in the river of 0.2-0.5m culturing pool (size of culturing pool is designed with every tail Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) occupied area,<1 year old age baby
Baby fish is 0.9m2/ tail, 1-2 year age Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) are 1.8m2/ tail, 2-4 year age Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) are 3m2/ tail, 4 years old age above Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) is
4.8m2/ tail), cave and irrigation and drainage facility are set in culturing pool, outlet arranges escaping-preventing facilities, builds anti-at the top of culturing pool
Escape net, and build shading screen (shading rate is 20%), irrigation channel water soaks 3 months, culturing pool is allowed to dry and irrigation channel water is clear again
Wash and use bleaching powder (consumption is 1.3mg/kg) to sterilize；
B. Water-quality control：Control dissolved oxygen in water is not less than 5.5mg/L, adjusts pH8.1, adjusts total hardness in water and total
Basicity and chloride, sulfate, silicate and ammonia nitrogen content meet fishery water standard, and the bait of residual was removed every 8 days
With Excreta once, every 15 days with quick lime (consumption is 27g/kg) regulating water quality once, and Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) and culturing pool are disappeared
Poison is once；
C. water temperature control：It is 18 DEG C to adjust water temperature；
D. Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) sterilization：The Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) of a length of 12-15cm of selective body, carries out disinfection to Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) before putting in a suitable place to breed；
E. feed：In daily 6:30 and 8:30 feed once respectively, and the scale of feeding of bait is the 14% of Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) body weight, is raised
The bait thrown in is fed by Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, pseudorasbora parva, astacus, aquatic insect, Hepar Sus domestica, bone meal, fish oil and Semen Maydis oil according to 15:20:10:
15:3:1:4:3 mass ratio composition, wherein, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, pseudorasbora parva, astacus and aquatic insect are being.
After 3 years, it is 1.82kg that Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) survival rate is 87%, single tail average weight.
Embodiment 3
The method that river cultivates Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), concretely comprises the following steps：
A. build culturing pool：The Daning River Wuxi County section of height above sea level 300-800m is selected as culture zone, apart from riverside
Build in the river of 0.2-0.5m culturing pool (size of culturing pool is designed with every tail Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) occupied area,<1 year old age baby
Baby fish is 0.8m2/ tail, 1-2 year age Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) are 1.5m2/ tail, 2-4 year age Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) are 3.2m2/ tail, 4 years old age above Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard)
For 4.7m2/ tail), cave and irrigation and drainage facility are set in culturing pool, outlet arranges escaping-preventing facilities, builds at the top of culturing pool
Anti-escape network, and build shading screen (shading rate is 18%), irrigation channel water soak 2 months, and culturing pool is allowed to dry and irrigation channel water again
Clean and use bleaching powder (consumption is 1.2mg/kg) to sterilize；
B. Water-quality control：Control dissolved oxygen in water is not less than 5.5mg/L, adjusts pH7.8, adjusts total hardness in water and total
Basicity and chloride, sulfate, silicate and ammonia nitrogen content meet fishery water standard, and the bait of residual was removed every 8 days
With Excreta once, every 15 days with quick lime (consumption is 25g/kg) regulating water quality once, and Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) and culturing pool are disappeared
Poison is once；
C. water temperature control：It is 15 DEG C to adjust water temperature；
D. Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) sterilization：The Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) of a length of 12-15cm of selective body, carries out disinfection to Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) before putting in a suitable place to breed；
E. feed：In daily 6:30 and 8:30 feed once respectively, and the scale of feeding of bait is the 13% of Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) body weight, is raised
The bait thrown in is fed by Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, pseudorasbora parva, astacus, aquatic insect, Hepar Sus domestica, bone meal, fish oil and Semen Maydis oil according to 15:20:10:
15:3:1:4:3 mass ratio composition, wherein, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, pseudorasbora parva, astacus and aquatic insect are being.
After 3 years, it is 1.87kg that Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) survival rate is 89%, single tail average weight.
Embodiment 4
Application for a patent for invention methods described according to Publication No. CN105052798A cultivates Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), specially：
A. choose height above sea level for 300-800 rice pollution-free or heavy carbonic salt calcium group fresh water lake as culture zone, select
Multiple cement are built by laying bricks or stones in the region that coastal waters water quality is limpid, illumination is thorough and builds culturing pool, culturing pool cell body is built as three side sealing
The cavity structure of one side opening is closed, and glazed tile veneer is used on inside cavities face, culturing pool cleans before putting in a suitable place to breed, sterilizes and draws
Lake water soaking pit 1 month, then culturing pool is allowed to dry and is cleaned again, sterilize it is standby；
B. deep-well subsoil water and big logical lake lake water are being pressed into 1:2 ratio is introduced in water body regulating reservoir, and is adjusted in water body
Oxygenation, filtration, purification, tune pH value are carried out in section pond and water temperature operation is lifted, it is ensured that water body dissolved oxygen amount is not less than 6mg/L, water
18 DEG C of temperature, pH value 7.0, and water body total hardness and total alkalinity and chloride, sulfate, silicate, ammoniacal nitrogen control indexes are existed
Within fishery water standard.The water body adjusted is introduced into culturing pool, cell body bottom is covered, and keeps standing；
C. take the fry of health, neat specification, using the potassium permanganate solution of 2mg/L fry is carried out after body surface wiping
30min is soaked in the potassium permanganate/garlicin/gentamycin solution of 1mg/L, then put into culturing pool and standing water body by fry
Middle adaptation 24h, keeps water body flow in cell body after 24h, water body flow speed is：Summer 2.0m/s, winter 0.8m/s, spring, autumn
Season 1.5m/s, meanwhile, the ambient conditions of daily culturing pool in feeding process, is monitored, constant temperature, constant humidity and good logical is kept
Wind condition；
D., when bait preparing is carried out, lake region original spiral shell, freshwater mussel are fished for big Tong Hu lake regions carries out broken shell process respectively, and will
Spiral shell meat after broken shell goes intestinal together to be sorted with the Carnis Anodonta seu crislaria after broken shell, prepares bait, the bait same day as main material after cleaning
Same day preparation is fished for, egg, garlicin, Galla Chinensiss and Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei powder during preparation, is added, which presses spiral shell meat and/or Carnis Anodonta seu crislaria with spiral shell, Carnis Anodonta seu crislaria：
Egg：Garlicin：Galla Chinensiss：Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei powder=50:10:1:2:1 ratio carries out bait preparing.Carry out when bait is thrown in single pond
Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) average weight in below 500g, day bait throwing in material 3 times, each daily ration, feeding quantity is strictly matched somebody with somebody by 6% of fish body gross mass in pond
Than, and spreading adopts uniform spreading in pond when operating.After cultivation three months, if in single pond Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) average weight 500g with
On, day bait throwing in material is reduced to 2 times, and each daily ration, feeding quantity is fish body gross mass 8% in pond, and spreading equally adopts equal in pond when operating
Even spreading；Meanwhile, daily culturing pool situation is monitored, constant temperature, constant humidity and good ventilation is kept；
E. in the shoal region of great Tong Hu with being nested with numb stone in advance, the nest inner area of each numb stone nest is 5m2, nest is a height of
1m, nest inner plane are major axis：Short axle is 2:1 ellipse, to numb stone nest and carries out disinfection, when Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) monomer grows to every tail
During more than 1500g, move into numb stone nest and put in a suitable place to breed, put four tail of Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) per nest in a suitable place to breed, whole transfer process is needed 2 days, and in culturing pool area
The slow transition of difference of the depth of water is pressed between domain and natural water area.During putting in a suitable place to breed, live body Carassius auratuss are thrown in as bait, the live body of input
Carassius auratuss select a length of 20-50mm monomers of body, daily bait throwing in 1 time, and each bait throwing in total amount is 12% of fish body gross mass in nest.
After 3 years, Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) survival rate is 79%, single tail average weight is 1.5kg.
Finally illustrate, above example is only unrestricted to illustrate technical scheme, although with reference to compared with
Good embodiment has been described in detail to the present invention, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme is modified or equivalent, and without deviating from the objective and scope of technical solution of the present invention, which all should be covered at this
In the middle of the right of invention.
Claims (7)
1. the method that river cultivates Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), it is characterised in that concretely comprise the following steps：
A. build culturing pool：The river of height above sea level 300-800m is selected as culture zone, in the river apart from riverside 0.2-0.5m
Culturing pool is built, cave and irrigation and drainage facility are set in culturing pool, outlet arranges escaping-preventing facilities, builds anti-at the top of culturing pool
Escape net, and build shading screen, culturing pool is allowed to dry and the cleaning of irrigation channel water, sterilization again by irrigation channel water immersion 2-3 month；
B. Water-quality control：Control dissolved oxygen in water is not less than 5.5mg/L, adjusts pH7.6-8.1, adjusts total hardness in water and total
Basicity and chloride, sulfate, silicate and ammonia nitrogen content meet fishery water standard, and the bait of residual was removed every 7-8 days
Material and Excreta once, every 14-15 days with quick lime regulating water quality once, and Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) and culturing pool are sterilized once；
C. water temperature control：It is 12-18 DEG C to adjust water temperature；
D. Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) sterilization：The Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) of a length of 12-15cm of selective body, carries out disinfection to Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) before putting in a suitable place to breed；
E. feed：In daily 6:30 and 8:30 feed once respectively, and the scale of feeding of bait is the 12-14% of Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) body weight.
2. the method that river according to claim 1 cultivates Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), it is characterised in that culturing pool described in step A it is big
It is little to be designed with every tail Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) occupied area,<1 year old age Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) is 0.6-0.9m2/ tail, 1-2 year age Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) are 1.2-
1.8m2/ tail, 2-4 year age Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) are 3-3.6m2/ tail, 4 years old age above Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard) are 4.5-4.8m2/ tail.
3. the method that river according to claim 1 cultivates Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), it is characterised in that sterilization is described in step A
Bleaching powder.
4. the method that river according to claim 3 cultivates Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), it is characterised in that the consumption of the bleaching powder is
1.1-1.3mg/kg。
5. the method that river according to claim 1 cultivates Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), it is characterised in that in step A, the shading screen
Light transmittance is 15-20%.
6. the method that river according to claim 1 cultivates Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), it is characterised in that the use of quick lime described in step B
Measure as 24-27g/kg.
7. the method that river according to claim 1 cultivates Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), it is characterised in that feeding described in step E is thrown in
Bait is by Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, pseudorasbora parva, astacus, aquatic insect, Hepar Sus domestica, bone meal, fish oil and Semen Maydis oil according to 15:20:10:15:3:1:
4:3 mass ratio composition, wherein, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, pseudorasbora parva, astacus and aquatic insect are being.
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| CN103798188A (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-05-21 | 张焘 | Giant salamander imitative-ecological taming and breeding method |
| CN104273091A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-01-14 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | Bionic cultivating method of giant salamanders |
| CN105052798A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-11-18 | 彭锦辉 | Method for cultivating giant salamander in freshwater lake region |
| CN205143239U (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-04-13 | 李增伟 | Giant salamander artificial breeding pond |
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| CN101081008A (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2007-12-05 | 南郑县秦岭大鲵养殖有限责任公司 | Bionics artificial reproduction method of large salamander |
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| CN103609518A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-03-05 | 湖南省大鲵救护中心 | Bionic breeding method of giant salamanders |
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| CN104273091A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-01-14 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | Bionic cultivating method of giant salamanders |
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