CN106496949A - 一种复合纤维吸波材料 - Google Patents

一种复合纤维吸波材料 Download PDF

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CN106496949A
CN106496949A CN201610989348.7A CN201610989348A CN106496949A CN 106496949 A CN106496949 A CN 106496949A CN 201610989348 A CN201610989348 A CN 201610989348A CN 106496949 A CN106496949 A CN 106496949A
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fiber
epoxy resin
absorbing material
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张达明
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Wuxi Mingsheng Strong Blower Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
    • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
    • C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
    • C08G59/50—Amines
    • C08G59/504—Amines containing an atom other than nitrogen belonging to the amine group, carbon and hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
    • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
    • C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
    • C08G59/50—Amines
    • C08G59/56—Amines together with other curing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
    • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
    • C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
    • C08G59/62—Alcohols or phenols
    • C08G59/621—Phenols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种复合纤维吸波材料，其组成按重量份包括：环氧树脂基体40‑60，固化剂2‑10，石墨烯纤维10‑30，活性炭纤维10‑20，Fe3O4微波吸收剂5‑15，石墨10‑20；其中，所述石墨烯纤维与活性炭纤维均为纤维束，所述石墨烯纤维与活性炭纤维束垂直间隔交错分散在环氧树脂中，形成等间距的阵列，所述间距不超过10mm，所述Fe3O4微波吸收剂分散在所述石墨烯纤维和活性炭纤维束上，所述石墨均匀分散在所述环氧树脂中。本发明采用特定的环氧树脂、固化剂与吸波材料配合，并采用特定的复合纤维束排列方向，及采用石墨和四氧化三铁形成阵列，使得各个要素之间产生协同效应，来提高材料的吸波性能。本发明的吸波材料从10‑18GHz都有大于‑30dB的反射衰减。

Description

一种复合纤维吸波材料
技术领域
本发明涉及吸波技术领域，尤其涉及一种复合纤维吸波材料。
背景技术
随着现代科学技术的发展，电磁波辐射对环境的影响日益增大。在机场、机航班因电磁波干扰无法起飞而误点；在医院、移动电话常会干扰各种电子诊疗仪器的正常工作。因此，治理电磁污染，寻找一种能抵挡并削弱电磁波辐射的材料——吸波材料，已成为材料科学的一大课题。
碳纤维具有优良的导电性能。早期研究中，碳纤维作为树脂增强体加入，添加的碳纤维量达40％甚至更多，这种碳纤维复合材料对电磁波几乎是全反射，只有经过特殊处理的碳纤维才具有一定的吸波性能。其处理方法主要有：将碳纤维的横截面做成三叶形或有棱角的方形等异型截面；制备螺旋型纤维：对其进行表面改性，在其表面涂覆含有电磁损耗介质的树脂，沉积一层微小孔穴的碳粉，喷涂镍或氟化物处理等；采用低温烧制特定电导率的纤维。
但上述处理方法技术繁琐，且导致成本上升较多。近年来，随着石墨烯纤维的出现，因为优秀的性能，在各个领域获得广泛的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种复合纤维吸波材料，能够使得材料吸波性能优异。
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种复合纤维吸波材料，其组成按重量份包括：
环氧树脂基体40-60
固化剂2-10
石墨烯纤维10-30
活性炭纤维10-20，和
Fe3O4微波吸收剂5-15
石墨10-20；其中，
所述石墨烯纤维与活性炭纤维均为纤维束结构，所述石墨烯纤维与活性炭纤维束垂直间隔交错分散在环氧树脂中，形成等间距的阵列，所述间距不超过10mm，所述Fe3O4微波吸收剂分散在所述石墨烯纤维和活性炭纤维束上，所述石墨均匀分散在所述环氧树脂中。
本发明经过试验验证，所述纤维杂乱无序分散在环氧树脂中，或横向分散在环氧树脂中，其吸波效果均劣于本发明的垂直分散。本发明的所述纤维束间隔交错垂直分散，相较于单一材料的分散，其吸波效能明显提高。
本发明经过优化试验，将所述石墨分散在环氧树脂中，而四氧化三铁吸收剂通过分散在纤维束上进而形成阵列，该独特结构会增加吸波性能。
为增加所述吸波材料的性能，本发明对所述环氧树脂和固化剂也做了进一步优化。
优选的，所述环氧树脂基体原料按重量份组成如下：含磷环氧树脂60-80份，端羧基丁腈橡胶改性环氧树脂5-11份。
优选的，所述固化剂由含氮酚醛树脂、苯酚型酚醛树脂和二氨基二苯砜按重量比2:4:1组成。本发明采用上述固化剂，其不仅起到固化环氧树脂的作用，还可以有效阻止石墨烯纤维的团聚，增加其分散性能，有利于吸波性能的提高。
本发明采用特定的环氧树脂、固化剂与吸波材料配合，并采用特定的复合纤维束排列方向，及采用石墨和四氧化三铁形成阵列，使得各个要素之间产生协同效应，来提高材料的吸波性能。本发明的吸波材料从10-18GHz都有大于-30dB的反射衰减。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例1
一种复合纤维吸波材料，其组成按重量份包括：
环氧树脂基体 40
固化剂 10
石墨烯纤维 30
活性炭纤维 20，和
Fe3O4微波吸收剂 5
石墨 20；其中，
所述石墨烯纤维与活性炭纤维均为纤维束，所述石墨烯纤维与活性炭纤维束垂直间隔交错分散在环氧树脂中，形成等间距的阵列，所述间距不超过10mm，所述Fe3O4微波吸收剂分散在所述石墨烯纤维和活性炭纤维束上，所述石墨均匀分散在所述环氧树脂中
所述环氧树脂基体原料按重量份组成如下：含磷环氧树脂60-80份，端羧基丁腈橡胶改性环氧树脂5-11份。
所述固化剂由含氮酚醛树脂、苯酚型酚醛树脂和二氨基二苯砜按重量比2:4:1组成。
实施例2
一种复合纤维吸波材料，其组成按重量份包括：
环氧树脂基体 60
固化剂 2
石墨烯纤维 10
活性炭纤维 10，和
Fe3O4微波吸收剂 5；其中，
所述石墨烯纤维与活性炭纤维均为纤维束，所述石墨烯纤维与活性炭纤维束垂直间隔交错分散在环氧树脂中，形成等间距的阵列，所述Fe3O4微波吸收剂均匀分散在所述环氧树脂中。
所述环氧树脂基体原料按重量份组成如下：含磷环氧树脂60-80份，端羧基丁腈橡胶改性环氧树脂5-11份。
所述固化剂由含氮酚醛树脂、苯酚型酚醛树脂和二氨基二苯砜按重量比2:4:1组成对比例1
采用单一石墨烯纤维，其余与实施例1相同；
对比例2
采用单一经过表面处理的碳纤维，其余与实施例1相同。
实施例3
四氧化三铁分散于环氧树脂而不是纤维束中，其余与对比文件1相同。
对比例1-2所制备的吸波材料从10-18GHz都有小于-18dB的反射衰减，而实施例1-2的反射衰减均大于-30dB。由此说明，相较于单一纤维束，本发明的混合纤维束间隔排列，效果提高更明显，二者具备协同效应。
对比例3与实施例1对比说明，本发明通过将四氧化三铁吸波材料分散/涂覆在纤维束上构成阵列，与分散在环氧树脂中的石墨产生协同作用。

Claims (3)

1.一种复合纤维吸波材料，其组成按重量份包括：
环氧树脂基体 40-60
固化剂 2-10
石墨烯纤维 10-30
活性炭纤维 10-20，和
Fe3O4微波吸收剂 5-15
石墨 10-20；其中，
所述石墨烯纤维与活性炭纤维均为纤维束结构，所述石墨烯纤维与活性炭纤维束垂直间隔交错分散在环氧树脂中，形成等间距的阵列，所述间距不超过10mm，所述Fe3O4微波吸收剂分散在所述石墨烯纤维和活性炭纤维束上，所述石墨均匀分散在所述环氧树脂中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合纤维吸波材料，其特征在于，所述环氧树脂基体原料按重量份组成如下：含磷环氧树脂60-80份，端羧基丁腈橡胶改性环氧树脂5-11份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的复合纤维吸波材料，其特征在于，所述固化剂由含氮酚醛树脂、苯酚型酚醛树脂和二氨基二苯砜按重量比2:4:1组成。
CN201610989348.7A 2016-11-10 2016-11-10 一种复合纤维吸波材料 Pending CN106496949A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107419365A (zh) * 2017-06-16 2017-12-01 山东非金属材料研究所 一种石墨烯复合纤维吸收剂及其制备方法
CN110746671A (zh) * 2019-09-09 2020-02-04 航天长屏科技有限公司 一种微波暗室用吸波材料、吸波角锥及其制备方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107419365A (zh) * 2017-06-16 2017-12-01 山东非金属材料研究所 一种石墨烯复合纤维吸收剂及其制备方法
CN107419365B (zh) * 2017-06-16 2019-08-30 山东非金属材料研究所 一种石墨烯复合纤维吸收剂及其制备方法
CN110746671A (zh) * 2019-09-09 2020-02-04 航天长屏科技有限公司 一种微波暗室用吸波材料、吸波角锥及其制备方法

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