CN106489090A - 用于分叉光纤的环境密封布置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于保护拼接的光纤的组件,包括:光纤线缆,包括至少一根光纤和环绕的护套;容纳光纤的至少一个细长管状构件,其中在细长管状构件和护套之间存在间隙,使得光纤具有暴露区域;以及由超低压材料形成的预成型块,该预成型块封住光纤的暴露区域。
Description
相关应用
本申请要求于2014年6月12日提交的美国临时专利申请No.62/011,177的权益和优先权,其公开内容整体上通过引用被结合于此。
技术领域
本发明一般而言涉及光纤,并且更具体而言涉及保护光纤免受环境状况的影响。
背景技术
在许多光纤线缆组件中,可能需要移除线缆的外护套层并暴露一段长度的光纤,然后将其插入到较小直径的分叉管(furcation tube)中。这样做是因为坚固的光纤线缆通常具有太大以至于不能装配到标准光纤连接器中的护套直径,而较小直径的分叉管可以装配到这种连接器中。不幸的是,这种转接技术在分叉管和线缆护套之间留有间隙,这使得光纤的一部分暴露于环境。它还打破了线缆中被设计为吸收组件的拉伸负荷而不是使光纤承受负载的强度构件的连续性。当光纤线缆被分离(即,“分叉”)成多个光纤分支或光纤子组(每个光纤具有其自身的分叉管)时,可能发生类似的光纤暴露。
用于覆盖护套和单个分叉管之间的间隙的一种解决方案利用装配在间隙之上的紧密装配的塑料管(转接管)。一旦转接管在合适的位置,它就被填充环氧树脂(epoxy)。环氧树脂将来自分叉管和线缆的强度构件机械地结合在一起,以避免让光纤承载任何拉伸负荷。此外,环氧树脂填充间隙,由此防止光纤的污染或环境侵蚀。转接管以及分叉管和紧邻分叉管的线缆的部分被一片带有粘合剂衬里的热收缩管覆盖。在为了收缩热收缩管的加热过程中,作为管的衬里的粘合剂熔化并且在转接管和热收缩管的内表面之间形成键合。热收缩管为组件增加了抗UV性和耐磨损性。
虽然通常采用这种技术,但它有一些缺点。环氧树脂由于其初始成本、适用期、不可回收的废物和缓慢的固化速率而是昂贵的。而且,它的完成涉及多个不同的部件和大量的劳动。因此,减少或消除这些缺点的技术会是期望的。
发明内容
作为第一方面,本发明的实施例涉及用于保护光纤的组件。该组件包括:光纤线缆,包括至少一根光纤和环绕的护套;容纳所述光纤的至少一个细长管状构件,其中在细长管状构件和护套之间存在间隙,使得光纤具有暴露区域;以及由超低压材料形成的预成型块(premold block),该预成型块封住光纤的所述暴露区域。
作为第二方面,本发明的实施例涉及一种组件,包括:光纤线缆,包括至少一根光纤和环绕的护套;容纳光纤的细长管状构件,其中在细长管状构件和护套之间存在间隙,使得光纤具有暴露区域;以及由低压材料形成的包覆成型件(overmold),该包覆成型件封住光纤的所述暴露区域。
作为第三方面,本发明的实施例涉及用于从光纤线缆分离光纤的方法。该方法包括以下步骤:
(a)从包括位于环绕的护套中的至少一根光纤的光纤线缆剥离护套的一部分;
(b)将光纤插入细长管状构件中,其中在细长管状构件和护套之间存在间隙,使得光纤具有暴露区域;及
(c)在大约0和50psi之间的模制压力下在光纤的暴露区域之上模制预成型块。
作为第四方面,本发明的实施例涉及用于将光纤从光纤线缆转接到细长管状构件中的方法,包括步骤:
(a)从包括位于环绕的护套中的至少一根光纤的光纤线缆剥离护套的一部分;
(b)将光纤插入细长管状构件中,其中在细长管状构件和护套之间存在间隙,使得光纤具有暴露区域;及
(c)在大约50和800psi之间的模制压力下在光纤的暴露区域之上模制包覆成型件。
附图说明
图1是被分离成两个单独的光纤子组的光纤线缆的透视图,其中光纤子组被容纳在分叉管中。
图2是根据本发明实施例的覆盖有保护性预成型块的图1的分叉管内的光纤线缆和光纤的透视图,其中为了清楚起见,预成型块被示为透明的。
图3是环绕图2的预成型块的包覆成型盖的透视图。
图4是根据本发明实施例的由包覆成型盖保护的分叉管内光纤线缆和光纤之间的转接的透视图。
具体实施方式
参考附图描述本发明,附图中示出了本发明的某些实施例。但是,本发明可以以许多不同的形式体现,并且不应当被解释为限于本文绘出和描述的实施例;相反,提供这些实施例是为了使得本公开内容将是彻底和完整的,并且将向本领域技术人员充分地传达本发明的范围。还应当明白,本文公开的实施例可以以任何方式和/或组合进行组合,以提供许多附加实施例。
除非另有定义,否则在本公开内容中使用的所有技术和科学术语都具有与本发明所属领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同的含义。在下面的描述中使用的术语仅仅是为了描述特定实施例,而不意在限制本发明。如本公开内容中所使用的,除非上下文另有明确指示,否则单数形式“一”、“一个”和“该”也意在包括复数形式。还将理解,当元件(例如,设备、电路等)被称为“连接”或“耦合”到另一元件时,它可以直接连接或耦合到另一元件或者中间元件可以存在。相反,当元件被称为“直接连接”或“直接耦合”到另一元件时,不存在中间元件。
现在参考附图,图1中示出了光纤线缆10和容纳在分叉管13内的两个光纤子组12之间的示例性转接布置。如从图中可以看到的,来自光纤线缆10的光纤岔开到子组12中,从而留下未被护套或强度构件保护的光纤区域R。每个光纤子组12通常包括多根光纤,但是在一些情况下可以仅包括单根光纤。
现在参考图2,示出了封装在模制在其上的超低压预成型块14内的光纤线缆10和光纤子组12的端部和区域R。预成型块14以非常低的压力(例如,1-50psi)施加在暴露的光纤区域R以及光纤线缆10和光纤子组12的端部上,该压力足够低,使得它不会损坏暴露的光纤。(例如,比较来自常规注射成型机器的典型模制压力,其可以是大约1000至20000psi)。如本文中所使用的,术语“超低压”是指0和50psi之间的模制压力。一旦预成型块14的材料固化(通常在10秒左右)并从模具移除,区域R中暴露的光纤就免受环境影响。
预成型块14可以由可适于超低压模制的任何材料形成。示例性材料包括聚酰胺(polyamide)和聚烯烃(polyolefin);具体的示例性材料包括可从位于德国杜塞尔多夫(Dusseldorf)的Henkel AG and Co.获得的MACROMELT OM 648聚酰胺热熔粘合剂。
本文所示的预成型块14一般是矩形固体并且在其各个表面上包括多个凸块16。可以包括凸块16是为覆盖在上面的包覆成型层18提供定位特征件,如下面所讨论的。虽然一般被示为矩形,但预成型块14可以是适于封住和保护暴露的光纤的任何形状,包括立方体、卵形、圆柱形等。
现在参考图3,其中示出了包括光纤线缆10、光纤子组12、预成型块14(图3中未示出)和上面提到包覆成型层18的组件20。包覆成型层18施加在预成型块14之上(即,在模具中模制)。包覆成型层18通常经由低压(即,50至800psi)模制来施加。包覆成型层18可以提供加强组件20的附加机械层,并且还可以为组件20提供更美观的表面。
包覆成型层18可以由与预成型块14的材料相容并适于低压模制的任何材料形成。示例性材料包括聚酰胺和聚烯烃。示例性低压模塑材料包括上面提到的MACROMELT OM 648聚酰胺。
凸块16或定位特征件可以确保包覆成型层18的厚度基本上均匀。如果没有定位特征件,则存在预成型块14在注射期间被熔融的塑料推到表面的趋势。这会产生非常差的表面光洁度,以及流体迁移到所形成的裂缝中的可能性。
组件20相对于上面讨论的现有转接技术具有多个优点。环氧树脂的消除可以降低成本、废物和循环时间。端接管的不存在也可以降低成本和劳动。
现在参考图4,其中示出了另一组件,其广泛地标记为50。该组件包括光纤线缆的第一段52和光纤线缆的第二段54,其中第二段54中的光纤容纳在分叉管内。在一些实施例中,第一段52的直径略大于第二段54。在这个实施例中,暴露的光纤由上述类型的低压包覆成型件(图4中不可见)保护。然后用带粘合剂衬里的热收缩管58覆盖包覆成型件,用于增加耐磨损性和抗UV性。
与减小光纤线缆的直径的现有技术相比,组件50提供至少两个优点。环氧树脂的代替可以降低成本、废物和循环时间。此外,除了分叉管和环氧树脂之外,不需要单独的端接管,这消除了管本身的成本和安装管的劳动。
还应当理解,上面讨论的分叉管13可以用线缆护套或其它细长管状元件代替,这也可以用于保护其中包含的(一根或多根)光纤的目的。
前述内容是对本发明的说明并且不应被解释为对其的限制。虽然已经描述了本发明的示例性实施例,但是本领域技术人员将容易地明白,在实质上不背离本发明的新颖教导和优点的情况下,对示例性实施例的许多修改是可能的。相应地,所有此类修改都意在包括在如权利要求中限定的本发明的范围内。本发明由以下权利要求限定,权利要求的等同物要包括在其中。
Claims (19)
1.一种组件,包括:
光纤线缆,包括至少一根光纤和环绕的护套;
容纳所述光纤的至少一个细长管状构件;
其中在所述细长管状构件和所述护套之间存在间隙,使得所述光纤具有暴露区域;以及
由超低压材料形成的预成型块,所述预成型块封住所述光纤的所述暴露区域。
2.如权利要求1所述的组件,还包括覆盖所述预成型块的包覆成型层。
3.如权利要求1所述的组件,其中预成型材料是选自聚酰胺和聚烯烃组成的组的聚合物材料。
4.如权利要求2所述的组件,其中所述预成型块包括定位特征件,以在用来产生所述包覆成型层的模具中定位所述预成型块。
5.如权利要求1所述的组件,其中所述至少一根光纤是多根光纤,并且所述至少一个细长管状构件是多个分叉管,每个分叉管容纳所述多根光纤中的一根或多根。
6.一种组件,包括:
光纤线缆,包括至少一根光纤和环绕的护套;
容纳所述多根光纤的细长管状构件;
其中在所述细长管状构件和所述护套之间存在间隙,使得所述光纤具有暴露区域;以及
由低压材料形成的包覆成型件,所述包覆成型件封住所述光纤的所述暴露区域。
7.如权利要求6所述的组件,还包括覆盖在所述包覆成型件上面的热收缩管。
8.如权利要求6所述的组件,其中所述低压材料是选自聚酰胺和聚烯烃组成的组的聚合物材料。
9.如权利要求6所述的组件,其中所述至少一根光纤是多根光纤,并且其中所述细长管状构件是多根分叉管。
10.一种用于从光纤线缆中分离光纤的方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)从包括位于环绕的护套中的至少一根光纤的光纤线缆剥离所述护套的一部分;
(b)将所述光纤插入细长管状构件中,其中在所述细长管状构件和所述护套之间存在间隙,使得所述光纤具有暴露区域;以及
(c)在大约0和50psi之间的模制压力下在所述光纤的所述暴露区域之上模制预成型块。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中步骤(c)包括由超低压材料模制所述预成型块。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法,其中预成型材料是选自聚酰胺和聚烯烃组成的组的聚合物材料。
13.如权利要求10所述的方法,还包括在所述预成型块之上模制包覆成型层的步骤。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述预成型块包括辅助在用来模制所述包覆成型层的模具中定位所述预成型块的定位特征件。
15.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述至少一根光纤是多根光纤,并且其中所述细长管状构件是多根分叉管。
16.一种用于将光纤从光纤线缆转接到细长管状构件中的方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)从包括位于环绕的护套中的至少一根光纤的光纤线缆剥离所述护套的一部分;
(b)将所述光纤插入细长管状构件中,其中在所述细长管状构件和所述护套之间存在间隙,使得所述光纤具有暴露区域;以及
(c)在大约50和800psi之间的模制压力下在所述光纤的所述暴露区域之上模制包覆成型件。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法,还包括应用覆盖在所述包覆成型件上面的热收缩管的步骤。
18.如权利要求16所述的方法,其中低压材料是选自聚酰胺和聚烯烃组成的组的聚合物材料。
19.如权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述至少一根光纤是多根光纤,并且其中所述细长管状构件是分叉管。
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US14/633,827 US20150362690A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-02-27 | Environmental sealing arrangement for furcated optical fibers |
PCT/IB2015/054357 WO2015189772A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-06-09 | Environmental sealing arrangement for furcated optical fibers |
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US10705308B1 (en) * | 2017-10-03 | 2020-07-07 | Afl Ig Llc | Optic fiber breakout assembly with bonded tube assembly and methods and apparatus for manufacturing the same |
US11243367B2 (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2022-02-08 | Afl Telecommunications Llc | Multiple cable size fiber optic transition assemblies |
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CN106489090B (zh) | 2020-01-03 |
EP3155466A4 (en) | 2018-02-21 |
US20170082818A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
AU2015273079B2 (en) | 2020-08-27 |
US9798100B2 (en) | 2017-10-24 |
WO2015189772A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 |
EP3155466A1 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
US20150362690A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 |
AU2015273079A1 (en) | 2017-01-05 |
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