CN106485867B - Multi-parameter mine external cause fire monitoring and alarming system - Google Patents
Multi-parameter mine external cause fire monitoring and alarming system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-parameter mine exogenous fire monitoring and alarming system. The fire disaster outside the mine has the characteristics of difficult discovery, rapid development and the like, and the traditional fire disaster alarm system has long response time and is easy to generate false report and missed report, so that the fire behavior can not be controlled in time, and a great amount of casualties are caused. The system mainly comprises an information processing server, an alarm device, a communication network, a fire extinguishing device, a gas concentration monitoring device and various environment monitoring devices; the system can monitor the gas concentration in the monitoring area environment through the gas concentration monitoring device, and send out fire alarm and automatically extinguish fire through analyzing the monitoring data obtained by various environment monitoring devices. The system can accurately monitor the characteristic gas of the external fire, greatly improves the alarm accuracy and provides important guarantee for the safety production of the coal mine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-parameter mine exogenous fire monitoring and alarming system, which relates to the fields of sensor technology, laser technology, spectral analysis technology, signal processing technology and the like.
Background
Coal is the main energy source in China and accounts for about 70% of primary energy. The coal industry is a high-risk industry, and accidents such as gas, fire, a roof, coal dust and the like puzzle the safe production of a coal mine. The coal mine fire includes internal cause fire and external cause fire, and the external cause fire has the characteristics of difficult discovery, rapid development, difficult fire extinguishing and rescue and the like. Once a fire disaster occurs, if the fire behavior can not be controlled in time, the spread range will be rapidly expanded, causing a great deal of casualties. Therefore, the method has important significance for timely finding out the fire caused by the mine outside and extinguishing the fire. The existing monitoring method for mine external fire mainly adopts temperature monitoring, smoke monitoring and the like, and the smoke monitoring has the defects of slow response, high false alarm rate and high missing report rate and the like; the current advanced method for monitoring the temperature is to adopt optical fiber distribution temperature monitoring, but the optical fiber has the problems of easy damage, complex installation, difficult maintenance and the like. Therefore, a new monitoring and alarming system for fire outside the mine is needed to meet the requirement of coal mine safety production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-parameter mine exogenous fire monitoring and alarming system which can remotely sense and monitor the change of various environmental data caused by exogenous fire in a long distance, in particular to the characteristic gases of the exogenous fire, such as CO,CO2、O2、CH4And NOXThe concentration change and the distribution characteristics of the fire alarm system can perform fire alarm according to the monitored data, extinguish fire in a fire area and reduce the fire hazard range. The system mainly comprises a gas concentration monitoring device, a temperature monitoring device, a wind direction monitoring device, a wind speed monitoring device, a flame monitoring device, a smoke monitoring device, an information processing server, an alarm device, a communication network and a fire extinguishing device; the information processing server is responsible for processing gas concentration data, ambient temperature data, wind direction monitoring data, wind speed monitoring data, flame monitoring data and smog monitoring data, and when the monitoring data satisfies the alarm condition, then send audible and visual alarm through alarm unit, send conflagration alarm information through communication network to put out a fire through extinguishing device.
1. The system further comprises: the gas concentration monitoring device of the system is a gas concentration remote sensing device; the gas concentration remote sensing device mainly comprises a laser transmitter, a laser receiver, a control processing unit and a display unit; the gas concentration remote sensing device adopts an open gas chamber, and can carry out remote sensing monitoring on the concentration of various gases in the environment; the gas concentration remote sensing device has a laser ranging function.
2. The system further comprises: the gas concentration remote sensing device of the system monitors the gas concentration of different distance areas by adopting the following method: the device emits two beams of laser in different directions at the same point, and measures reflection points A and B at different distances; setting the distance of the measured reflection point A as LAAverage concentration of gas being MAMeasuring the distance L from the reflection point BBAverage concentration of gas being MBThen the gas concentration in the distance region from point A to point B is available
Approximately represented.
3. The system further comprises: the gas concentration remote sensing device of the system adopts the following scanning monitoring method to carry out scanning monitoring: a laser transmitter of the gas concentration remote sensing device transmits laser beams in different directions to monitor gas concentration and distance, a data sequence consisting of the gas concentration, the distance and the transmitting direction is obtained, and the gas concentration in different distance areas is obtained after processing.
4. The system further comprises: the laser transmitter of the gas concentration remote sensing device of the system adopts a laser transmitter capable of automatically adjusting the transmitting direction, and the control processing unit controls the transmitting direction of the laser transmitter in a scanning monitoring mode to monitor the gas concentration and the distance in different directions.
5. The system further comprises: the laser transmitter of the gas concentration remote sensing device of the system generates laser through laser sources, and one laser source can generate laser for detecting various gases.
6. The system further comprises: the laser transmitter of the gas concentration remote sensing device of the system generates laser light by a laser source, and the laser transmitter comprises a plurality of laser sources, and each laser source is used for generating laser light for detecting one gas.
7. The system further comprises: the gas concentration remote sensing device of the system monitors the gas concentration of the three-dimensional space region by adopting the following method: the gas concentration remote sensing device emits laser beams in different directions at the same point to measure reflection points in different distances, and the distance between the emission point and each reflection point is obtained; and processing the distance of the reflection points and the data of the laser emission direction by taking the emission points as reference points to obtain the coordinate data of each reflection point, obtaining a three-dimensional space model according to the coordinate data of all the reflection points, and corresponding the gas concentrations of different distance areas obtained by calculation to the three-dimensional space model to obtain the gas concentration of the three-dimensional space area.
8. The system further comprises: a laser emitter laser source of a gas concentration remote sensing device of the system adopts a tunable semiconductor laser; the tunable semiconductor laser is controlled by the control processing unit and emits laser with different wavelengths; the laser receiver receives the reflected laser, converts the laser signal into an electric signal, and controls the processing unit to process the electric signal to obtain the corresponding gas concentration.
9. The system further comprises: laser emitter of gas concentration remote sensing device of system can emit CO and CO2、O2、CH4And NOXThe molecules absorb laser light of different wavelengths of the peak.
10. The system further comprises: all the devices arranged in the explosion environment in the system are explosion-proof devices.
11. The system further comprises: the wind direction monitoring device and the wind speed monitoring device of the system comprise an integrated ultrasonic wind direction and wind speed sensor.
12. The system further comprises: the flame monitoring apparatus of the system includes a video monitoring device.
13. The system further comprises: the smoke monitoring apparatus of the system comprises a video monitoring device.
14. The system further comprises: the temperature monitoring device of the system comprises an optical fiber sensor, a temperature sensor, a thermal infrared imager, an infrared thermoelectric generator or an infrared thermometer.
15. The system further comprises: the fire extinguishing device of the system comprises a sprinkling device, a foam sprinkling device, an inert gas spraying device or an aerosol sprinkling device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-parameter mine external fire monitoring and alarming system.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a multi-parameter mine external cause fire monitoring and alarming system.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the gas concentration remote sensing device in the embodiment 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the gas concentration remote sensing device embodiment 2.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement structure of a collimator in embodiment 2 of the gas concentration remote sensing device.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of concentration monitoring in a three-dimensional space region of a gas concentration remote sensing device.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the operation of the gas concentration remote sensing device.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-parameter mine external cause fire monitoring and alarming system, wherein the system comprises:
1. information processing server (1): the intelligent fire extinguishing system is responsible for storing data of each sensor, monitoring data changes of gas concentration data, temperature data, wind speed data, wind direction data, flame monitoring data and smoke monitoring data, sending out an alarm signal by analyzing data changes, and controlling fire extinguishing.
2. Alarm device (2): the information processing server is controlled to give out sound and light alarm and is connected and communicated with the information processing server through an RS232 interface.
3. Monitoring device (3): the system provides data query and production monitoring services for production managers, provides field data by the information processing server, and has the functions of alarm display and GIS service.
4. Core switch (4): and the equipment is responsible for management and data exchange of all equipment accessed to the mining Ethernet and is connected with the underground switch (5) through optical fibers. The communication network equipment comprises a core switch (4), a downhole switch (5) and a substation (6).
5. Downhole switch (5): and the system is responsible for the access and data exchange of the data substations and is connected with each underground switch in a ring network mode through optical fibers.
6. Substation (6): the monitoring device is responsible for access and data exchange of each monitoring device, has the function of a network switch, and is connected with an underground switch through an optical fiber; and an RS485 interface is arranged.
7. Gas concentration monitoring device (7): by adopting a gas concentration remote sensing device and an open gas chamber, the environment can contain CO and CO2、O2、CH4And NOXThe gas concentration monitoring system carries out remote sensing monitoring on various gas concentrations, has a laser ranging function, and has a three-dimensional space region gas concentration monitoring function.
8. Temperature monitoring device (8): any one of an optical fiber sensor, a wireless temperature sensor, a thermal infrared imager, an infrared thermoelectric generator or an infrared thermometer can be adopted. The optical fiber sensor can adopt an American DTS series distributed optical fiber sensor and is connected with the substation through a network interface; the wireless temperature sensor can adopt wireless sensor network equipment and a star connection mode, and coordinator node equipment is connected with the substation (6) through an RS485 interface; the infrared thermal imager can adopt a Haikang DS-2CD8313PF-E25 infrared thermal imaging network camera with an intelligent identification function, and is directly connected with the substation (6) through a network interface; a digital infrared pyroelectric alarm can be adopted and is connected with the substation (6) through an RS485 interface module; the infrared thermometer can adopt a non-contact infrared thermometer DT8012B and is connected with the substation (6) through an RS485 interface module.
9. Wind speed monitoring device (9): a mechanical wind speed sensor or an integrated ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor can be adopted. The ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor obtains wind speed and wind direction through the time difference of cross ultrasonic waves, and is directly integrated with a wind direction monitoring device (13). An HS-FSSB01 integrated ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor can be adopted and is connected with the data substation (6) through an RS485 interface module.
10. Wind direction monitoring device (10): a mechanical wind direction sensor can be adopted, and an integrated ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction sensor can also be adopted.
11. Flame monitoring device (11): the intelligent image type fire detector is used for monitoring flame generated by fire, video images can be collected through a camera, flame is identified through video image identification equipment, the intelligent image type fire detector of Chengdu century sunward science and technology Limited company can be adopted, and the intelligent image type fire detector is connected with a substation (6) through a network interface; infrared or ultraviolet monitoring equipment such as an infrared flame monitor of U.S. Disco X3301 and an ultraviolet flame monitor of X2200 can also be adopted and connected with the substation (6) through an RS485 interface.
12. Smoke monitoring device (12): the smog sensor is used for monitoring smog generated by fire disasters, can adopt a traditional ion type or photoelectric type smog sensor, also can recognize smog through videos, can adopt a smog intelligent recognition module of Chongqing Haipu to carry out video smog recognition on video images collected by a camera, and is connected with a substation (6) through a network interface.
13. Fire extinguishing device (13): a water spray device, a foam spray device, an inert gas spray device, or an aerosol spray device may be used. The fire extinguishing device is connected and communicated with the substation (6) through an RS485 interface.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the working process of the multi-parameter mine external cause fire monitoring and alarming system:
(201) each monitoring device transmits the collected gas concentration data, environment temperature data, wind direction monitoring data, wind speed monitoring data, flame monitoring data and smoke monitoring data to the substation (6).
(202) forwarding each monitoring data received by the substation (6) to the downhole switch (5).
(203) the downhole switch (5) transmitting the monitoring data transmitted by the data substations to the core switch (4) uphole.
(204) the core switch (4) transmits the data to an information processing server, the information processing server stores the data of each sensor and analyzes the data change, and if the data change meets the alarm condition, the alarm device (2) and the monitoring equipment (3) are controlled to send out alarm signals through the RS232 interface. The data exception comprises CO and CO in a specific monitoring area2And NOXThe concentration rise value exceeds the set threshold value in the set time interval, O2And CH4The concentration decrease value exceeds the set threshold value within the set time interval (the concentration change abnormality of each gas is regarded as an independent data abnormality); the rising value of the temperature data in a set time interval exceeds a set threshold value; the change value of the wind speed data in a set time interval exceeds a set threshold value; the wind direction is reversed; monitoring a flame; monitoring smoke; and when the number of the abnormal data items exceeds a set threshold value, determining that the fire disaster occurs. Each monitoring threshold is obtained according to the measurement setting of the site environment or the manual setting.
And 5, (205) the alarm device (2) receives the alarm control signal transmitted by the information processing server (1) through the RS232 interface and gives out sound and light alarm.
(206) the monitoring equipment (3) receives the alarm signal transmitted by the information processing server (1) through the core switch (4), and displays the fire position through a computer display screen.
(207) the fire extinguishing apparatus (13) receives the control signal transmitted to the substation (6) by the information processing server (1) through the communication network, and the substation (6) forwards the control signal through the RS485 interface, and the control valve is opened to spray inert gas, sprinkle water, foam or aerosol.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a gas concentration remote sensing device according to the principle of embodiment 1, which mainly comprises a laser transmitter, a laser receiver, a control processing unit and a display unit. The control processing unit is responsible for controlling the laser emitter to emit laser; processing the signal returned by the laser receiver to obtain the gas concentration and the reflector distance; controlling the communication interface to communicate; controlling the display screen to display; and receiving an operation signal of the key and carrying out corresponding processing. A core processor (301), a signal generator (302), a phase-locked loop amplifier (303), an analog-to-digital converter (304), a digital phase detector (305) and other auxiliary components; the laser emitter is responsible for the emission of laser signals for ranging and gas monitoring and comprises a laser source (306) and a holder (307); the laser receiver is responsible for receiving laser signals and converting the laser signals into electric signals, and the laser receiver specifically comprises a receiving lens (308), a darkroom (309) and a photoelectric detector (310); a communication interface (311) for monitoring data transmission; the display unit is mainly used for displaying the gas concentration and the working state data of the device and is a display screen (312). The main elements include:
1. the core processor (301) adopts a Samsung S3C2440 processor, and the S3C2440 is a microprocessor based on an ARM920T kernel; S3C2440 has 3 UART interfaces, 2 SPI interfaces, 2 USB interfaces and 1 IIC-BUS interface; and the embedded Linux platform is used for realizing drive control communication.
2. The signal generator (302) is responsible for generating a modulated sawtooth wave control signal for controlling the emission of the laser transmitter for monitoring the gas concentration and a reference signal for signal analysis, and comprises a DDS generator, a filter circuit, an adder and the like.
3. The phase-locked loop amplifier (303) adopts two modules which are respectively responsible for extracting the first harmonic and the second harmonic of a gas absorption signal, utilizes the irrelevance between the signal and the noise to inhibit the noise and improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and can adopt an LIA-MV-150 phase-locked amplifier module.
4. The analog-to-digital converter (304) is responsible for converting the primary and secondary analog signals demodulated by the phase-locked amplifier into digital signals, and an ADS 836416 bit multi-channel A/D converter chip with 6 fully differential input channels can be adopted.
5. And the digital phase discriminator (305) is responsible for processing the received ranging signals, comparing the received signals with the sending control signals to obtain the phase difference between the signals, and transmitting the phase difference to the core processor through the interface in a data mode.
6. The laser source (306) adopts a tunable semiconductor laser which can emit laser with various wavelengths and is used for measuring different gas concentrations, and can adopt an IBSG-TO5TEC series tunable semiconductor laser which integrates a TEC current temperature control semiconductor element and is used for adjusting temperature and stabilizing laser wavelength and power.
7. And the holder (307) is used for controlling the transmitting direction of the tunable semiconductor laser (311) and the receiving direction of the laser receiver, the motion of the holder can be controlled by an MAX485 chip externally connected with the SPI communication port of the core processor through a holder control protocol, and the holder adopts a standard monitoring holder for a camera and can rotate in the horizontal and vertical directions.
8. And the receiving lens (308) is responsible for focusing the reflected laser light to the photoelectric detector.
9. A darkroom (309) adopting a closed cylinder structure, and the inner wall of the darkroom is coated with light absorbing materials.
10. The photoelectric detector (310) is responsible for converting the received laser signal into an electric signal and comprises a light receiving element and an amplifying circuit; the light receiving element adopts an InGaAs PIN photodiode, the main element of the amplifying circuit adopts AD603, and the two voltage followers which are connected in parallel are respectively connected with a phase-locked loop amplifier (307) and a digital phase discriminator (309).
11. And the communication interface (311) comprises a wired communication interface and a wireless communication interface, wherein the main chip of the wired communication interface adopts DM9000, the DM9000 is a fully integrated single-chip Ethernet MAC controller, and the network protocol of the upper layer is supported by the built-in Linux drive of the core processor. The DM9000 supports 10/100M self-adaptation and supports 3.3V and 5V power supply voltages. The DM9000 is connected with an RJ45 network interface through a network isolation transformer interface chip YL18-1080S, so that the physical connection of a network is communicated; the wireless communication interface adopts a Wifi wireless network card of a standard USB interface, and network communication service is realized under the support of a system, a USB interface driver and a Wifi wireless network card driver.
12. And the display screen (312) adopts a 3.5-inch color LCD screen, has the resolution of 480x800 and is driven by a self-contained display driver of Linux.
13. And the key (313) is used for setting and controlling parameters and functions of the gas concentration remote sensing device, and comprises function keys for determining, returning, moving up, moving down and the like.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the gas concentration remote sensing device according to embodiment 2. One difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that a plurality of different tunable semiconductor lasers controlled by a multiplexer (314) are used for emitting laser with different wavelengths, and the laser needs to be emitted through a light combiner (315), an optical path selector and a collimator; another difference is that embodiment 2 has no pan/tilt, but uses 8 collimators, each of which points in a different direction, and the 8 collimators (317) are connected to the optical router (316), and the optical router (316) is controlled by the core processor (301) to route the laser emitted from the optical combiner (315), and emit the laser from a selected path of collimator (317), thereby realizing multiplexing. The elements involved are as follows:
1. the multi-channel data selector (314) is responsible for gating between the signal generator (305) and the multi-channel tunable semiconductor laser, and can adopt a CD4051BC bidirectional analog switch, wherein 3I/O ports of the core processor (302) control the gating, and 1I/O port controls the switch; the COMMON IN/OUT port is connected with a signal generator (305), and 4 IN/OUT ports are respectively connected with different tunable semiconductor lasers (311).
2. The laser source (306) adopts a tunable semiconductor laser, can emit laser with certain absorption peak wavelength of monitored gas, adopts tunable semiconductor lasers with different wavelengths for different gases, can adopt a SAF117XS series butterfly-shaped tunable semiconductor laser, and integrates a TEC current temperature control semiconductor element.
3. The light combiner (315) adopts an optical fiber wave combiner to combine laser with different wavelengths into one beam, and each tunable semiconductor laser adopts time-sharing emission, so that the output end only has laser with one wavelength at most at any time.
4. The optical router (316) can use a Visspace 1000OSS optical routing device, and the routing communication is controlled by the core processor (302) through a serial port.
5. And the collimator (317) controls the laser to emit directionally to form a light beam in space, and an FC interface fiber laser collimation lens is adopted.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement structure of a collimator in embodiment 2 of the gas concentration remote sensing device.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the concentration monitoring of the three-dimensional space region of the gas concentration remote sensing device. Setting the device to emit 8 beams of laser, respectively reflecting at A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H points, establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system by taking the position of the device as a coordinate origin, knowing that the included angle between the laser projection straight line OA and the XOY plane is alpha and the included angle between the laser projection straight line OA and the YOZ plane is beta, then reflecting the coordinate A of the point A
Similarly, coordinates of other points can be obtained, and a three-dimensional space model as shown in fig. 6 can be established according to the coordinate points. The gas concentration measured by each reflection point in the scanning monitoring process is respectively MA、MB、MC、MD、ME、MF、MG、MHThe K point is any point in the space model, and the intersection points of the plane which passes through the K point and is vertical to the Y axis and AB, DC, EF and HG are respectively KAB、KDC、KEF、KHGThe coordinates thereof are respectively (x)AB,yAB,zAB)、(xDC,yDC,zDC)、(xEF,yEF,zEF)、(xHG,yHG,zHG) Then K isABGas concentration of a spot
KDCGas concentration of a spot
KEFGas concentration of a spot
KHGGas concentration of a spot
A line parallel to the Z axis passing through the point K and KAB KDCAnd KEF KHGRespectively has a cross point of KABCDAnd KEFGHThe X-axis coordinate thereof is XKABCDAnd xKEFGHTo obtain KABCDGas concentration of a spot
And KEFGHGas concentration of a spot
Further obtaining the reference concentration of the K point
The gas concentrations at all points in the three-dimensional spatial region can be obtained by the above example algorithm.
The working flow of the gas concentration remote sensing device is shown in FIG. 7:
(701) the core processor (301) periodically starts a monitoring scan process.
(702), first perform laser ranging, the core processor (301) controls the signal generator (302) to generate a 10M sine wave signal.
(703) driving a laser source (306) to emit laser light for detecting the distance with the sine wave signal. The sine wave signal in the embodiment 1 directly drives the tunable semiconductor laser, and in the embodiment 2, the sine wave signal needs to pass through a multi-path data selector (314) to select a channel, then drives the corresponding tunable semiconductor laser, passes through an optical combiner (315) and an optical path router (316), and is emitted out of laser by a collimator (317) at a corresponding angle.
(704), the ranging laser meets the reflector and part of the laser is reflected, the receiving lens (308) collects the reflected laser and focuses the laser to the photoelectric detector (310), and the photoelectric detector converts the received laser signal into an electric signal.
(705), the digital phase detector (305) processes the received ranging electrical signal, obtains the phase difference with the sending control signal after amplification, mixing and other processing, and transmits the phase difference to the core processor through the interface in a data mode.
(706), the core processor (301) receives the phase difference data and obtains a distance between the equipment and the reflector based on the phase difference.
(707), the core processor (301) controls the signal generator to emit a 50Hz sawtooth signal and modulate with a 50kHz sinusoidal signal.
(708) driving a laser source (306) with the modulated sawtooth signal to emit laser light sweeping a certain gas absorption peak wavelength range. Embodiment 1 a sine wave signal directly drives a tunable semiconductor laser; in embodiment 2, the sine wave signal needs to pass through a multi-channel data selector (123) to select a corresponding gas channel, then drives a corresponding tunable semiconductor laser, passes through a light combiner (315) and an optical path router (316), and is emitted out of laser by a corresponding collimator (317).
(709), the laser beam is reflected when the air passing through the measured area meets a reflector, the receiving lens (308) collects the reflected laser beam and focuses the laser beam to the photoelectric detector (310), and the photoelectric detector converts the received laser beam signal into an electric signal.
(710), the phase-locked loop amplifier (303) receives the electrical signal, time-divides the modulation signal provided by the signal generator and the frequency-multiplied signal of the modulation signal, and processes and extracts the time-divided primary and secondary harmonic signals.
(711) the analog-to-digital converter (304) digitizes the first and second harmonic signals.
(712), the core processor (301) receives the data of the first and second harmonic signals and processes the data to obtain the concentration of the measured gas on the optical path.
(713), determine if all types of gases have been monitored, e.g., not monitored for execution (714), e.g., monitored for execution (715).
(714) the core processor controls the switching to monitor another gas concentration and repeats (707) through (712) the gas concentration measurement process.
(715), determine if all angle scans are complete, such as not complete execution (716), such as completed execution (717).
(716), embodiment 1: the core processor (301) controls the holder (307) to drive the laser source (306) and the laser receiver to rotate for an angle; embodiment 2: the core processor (301) controls the multi-path data selector (121) to select the laser source (306) channel, then drives the corresponding laser source, and emits laser through the light combiner (315) and the optical path routing device (316) and the collimator (317) at another angle. The process of ranging and gas concentration monitoring is repeated 702-712.
(717) the core processor processes (301) the distances and gas concentrations obtained at all angles to obtain gas concentration data for different distance regions and three-dimensional spatial regions
(718), the core processor processing (301) uploading the data through the communication interface (311) and displaying the data through the display screen (312).
Claims (14)
1. The utility model provides a multi-parameter mine is because of fire monitoring alarm system which characterized in that: the system comprises a gas concentration monitoring device, a temperature monitoring device, a wind direction monitoring device, a wind speed monitoring device, a flame monitoring device, a smoke monitoring device, an information processing server, an alarm device, a communication network and a fire extinguishing device; the information processing server is responsible for processing gas concentration data, environment temperature data, wind direction monitoring data, wind speed monitoring data, flame monitoring data and smoke monitoring data, when the gas concentration data, the environment temperature data, the wind direction monitoring data, the wind speed monitoring data, the flame monitoring data and the smoke monitoring data meet alarm conditions, sound and light alarm is sent out through the alarm device, fire alarm information is sent through a communication network, and fire is extinguished through the fire extinguishing device;
the gas concentration monitoring device of the system is a gas concentration remote sensing device; the gas concentration remote sensing device comprises a laser transmitter, a laser receiver, a control processing unit and a display unit; the gas concentration remote sensing device adopts an open gas chamber, and can carry out remote sensing monitoring on the concentration of various gases in the environment; the gas detected by the gas concentration remote sensing device comprises CO and CO2、O2、CH4And NOX(ii) a The gas concentration remote sensing device has a laser ranging function; the gas concentration remote sensing device adopts a single laser source or a plurality of laser sources to realize the concentration detection of various gases;
the gas concentration remote sensing device of the system monitors the gas concentration of the three-dimensional space region by adopting the following method: the gas concentration remote sensing device emits laser beams in different directions at the same point to measure reflection points in different distances, and the distance between the emission point and each reflection point is obtained; and processing the distance of the reflection points and the data of the laser emission direction by taking the emission points as reference points to obtain the coordinate data of each reflection point, obtaining a three-dimensional space model according to the coordinate data of all the reflection points, and corresponding the gas concentrations of different distance areas obtained by calculation to the three-dimensional space model to obtain the gas concentration of the three-dimensional space area.
2. The monitoring alarm system of claim 1, wherein: the gas concentration remote sensing device monitors the gas concentration of different distance areas by adopting the following method: the device emits two beams of laser in different directions at the same point, and measures reflection points A and B at different distances; setting the distance of the measured reflection point A as LAAverage concentration of gas being MAMeasuring the distance L from the reflection point BBAverage concentration of gas being MBThen the gas concentration in the distance region from point A to point B is available
Approximately represented.
3. The monitoring alarm system of claim 1, wherein: the gas concentration remote sensing device adopts the following scanning monitoring method to carry out scanning monitoring: a laser transmitter of the gas concentration remote sensing device transmits laser beams in different directions to monitor gas concentration and distance, a data sequence consisting of the gas concentration, the distance and the transmitting direction is obtained, and the gas concentration in different distance areas is obtained after processing.
4. The monitoring alarm system of claim 1, wherein: the laser transmitter of the gas concentration remote sensing device adopts a laser transmitter capable of automatically adjusting the transmitting direction, and the control processing unit controls the transmitting direction of the laser transmitter in a scanning monitoring mode to monitor the gas concentration and the distance in different directions.
5. The monitoring alarm system of claim 1, wherein: the laser emitter generates laser light by laser sources, and one laser source can generate laser light for detecting a plurality of gases.
6. The monitoring alarm system of claim 1, wherein: the laser transmitter generates laser light by a laser source, and includes a plurality of laser sources each for generating laser light for detecting one of the gases.
7. The monitoring alarm system of claim 1, wherein: a laser emitter laser source of the gas concentration remote sensing device adopts a tunable semiconductor laser; the tunable semiconductor laser is controlled by the control processing unit and emits laser with different wavelengths; the laser receiver receives the reflected laser, converts the laser signal into an electric signal, and controls the processing unit to process the electric signal to obtain the corresponding gas concentration.
8. The monitoring alarm system of claim 1, wherein: laser emitter of gas concentration remote sensing device capable of emitting CO and CO2、O2、CH4And NOXThe molecules absorb laser light of different wavelengths of the peak.
9. The monitoring alarm system of claim 1, wherein: all the devices arranged in the explosion environment in the system are explosion-proof devices.
10. The monitoring alarm system of claim 1, wherein: the wind direction monitoring device and the wind speed monitoring device of the system comprise an integrated ultrasonic wind direction and wind speed sensor.
11. The monitoring alarm system of claim 1, wherein: the flame monitoring apparatus of the system includes a video monitoring device.
12. The monitoring alarm system of claim 1, wherein: the smoke monitoring apparatus of the system comprises a video monitoring device.
13. The monitoring alarm system of claim 1, wherein: the temperature monitoring device of the system comprises an optical fiber sensor, a temperature sensor, a thermal infrared imager, an infrared thermoelectric generator or an infrared thermometer.
14. The monitoring alarm system of claim 1, wherein: the fire extinguishing device of the system comprises a sprinkling device, a foam sprinkling device, an inert gas spraying device or an aerosol sprinkling device.
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