CN104083841A - Fire prevention and control system and method for mine and underground pipe network - Google Patents
Fire prevention and control system and method for mine and underground pipe network Download PDFInfo
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- CN104083841A CN104083841A CN201410356754.0A CN201410356754A CN104083841A CN 104083841 A CN104083841 A CN 104083841A CN 201410356754 A CN201410356754 A CN 201410356754A CN 104083841 A CN104083841 A CN 104083841A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fire prevention and control system for a mine and an underground pipe network. The fire prevention and control system comprises an optical fiber gas analyzing module and an optical fiber temperature sensing module, wherein the optical fiber gas analyzing module and the optical fiber temperature sensing module are used for inputting information about components, concentration, temperature and position of to-be-tested gas to an alarming system and a fire extinguishing system; the optical fiber gas analyzing module comprises gas analyzing equipment, a signal optical fiber and a gas detection terminal, and is used for obtaining a gas sample at a corresponding position. The fire prevention and control system has the beneficial effect that pre-alarming information can be relatively completely obtained by combination of a gas analyzing system and a temperature analyzing system. The gas analyzing system is used for analyzing the concentration of specific gas in the mine according to a reflected spectrum by adopting a spectrum absorbing method; by adopting the distributed Raman temperature monitoring technology, the temperature analyzing system can be used for accurately locating an ignition point of the mine, simplifying the engineering construction, seamlessly and reliably monitoring the temperature (without power under the mine) in real time, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fire prevention and control technical fields such as mine and underground pipe network, relate to a kind of based on adopting the fire monitoring technology of spectral absorption Gas Thickness Detecting Technology and distributed temperature monitoring technology and in conjunction with automatic prevention and control system and the automatic preventing control method based on above-mentioned automatic prevention and control system of fire alarm and fire extinguishing system.
Background technology
Mine fire is one of the five large disasters in colliery, and it not only can cause the loss of coal resources, upsets every production and is connected deployment, but also can cause gas and dust explosion, and serious harm mine safety production and Business Economic Benefit, cause huge loss.The cause of mine fire is mainly ore deposit, ground and the airborne flammable or combustion-supporting O of hoistway
2, CO, CO
2, H
2s and CH
4concentration Deng gas reaches after certain limit, and reaches certain temperature conditions and form.In colliery, particularly the gas concentration in goaf and temperature are absolute important indicators of reflection spontaneous combustion in goaf danger.Gapless measures each disaster hidden-trouble point in real time gas concentration and temperature before fire or in fire generating process, must have the sudden change of gas concentration and the rising of temperature, if just can realize fire prevention.Except mine fire, be present in underground pipe network system and also have similar situation.
Coal mine fire alarm mainly adopts two kinds of methods at present: 1) analyze gas componant and the concentration of disaster hidden-trouble point, such as: beam tube gas analysis system, artificial local gas-sample analysis method etc.; 2) temperature monitoring method for early warning, such as: spontaneous combustionof coal temperature sensing method and infrared detecting method etc.The Period of Coal Seam Spontaneous Combustion early warning technologies such as various goafs that adopt at present all exist certain defect, also can not meet the needs of mine fire early warning far away, all can not accomplish: gas concentration and the accurate location to mine ignition point under rapid analysis, monitor well simultaneously, engineering construction is simple, the many-side such as passive (down-hole does not power), seamless, real-time, reliable monitor temperature.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, in order to solve existing coal mine and similar underground pipe network fire alarm method real-time is poor, stationkeeping ability is poor and the deficiencies such as prevention and control that can not link, to have proposed a kind of fire prevention and control system and automatic preventing control method based on above-mentioned automatic prevention and control system that is mainly used in mine and underground pipe network.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of fire prevention and control system for mine and underground pipe network, comprise warning system, fire extinguishing system, fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module and optical fiber sensing module, described fire extinguishing system comprises fire extinguishing main control system, extinguishing device and the control bus that connects fire extinguishing main control system and extinguishing device, and extinguishing device is arranged in mine hoistway or underground pipe network and mine goaf;
It is characterized in that, described fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module and optical fiber sensing module are for inputting tested gas componant, concentration, temperature and positional information to warning system and fire extinguishing system; Described fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module comprises gas analysis arrangement, signal optical fibre and gas detecting terminal, and wherein signal optical fibre and gas detecting terminal are arranged in mine hoistway or underground pipe network and mine goaf, for obtaining relevant position gas sample; Optical fiber sensing modular terminal is arranged in mine hoistway or underground pipe network and mine goaf.
Further, described detection of gas terminal comprises three port circulators, detection optical fiber and porous air chamber, detection optical fiber is for to porous air chamber input exploring laser light with the Laser feedback after porous air chamber absorbs is returned to the gas analysis arrangement of module, the second port of circulator is connected with signal optical fibre, and the first port is connected respectively output and the input of porous air chamber with the 3rd port by detection optical fiber.
Further, described detection of gas terminal also comprises the aspiration pump that connects inertia source of the gas, for blowing afloat in air chamber, oppositely siphons away dust after dust, keeps air chamber clean.
Further, the detection of gas terminal A that is arranged in mine hoistway or underground pipe network is different from the detection of gas terminal B that is positioned at mine goaf; Terminal A comprises three port circulators, detection optical fiber and porous air chamber, detection optical fiber is for to porous air chamber input exploring laser light with the Laser feedback after porous air chamber absorbs is returned to the gas analysis arrangement of module, the second port of circulator is connected with signal optical fibre, and the first port is connected respectively output and the input of porous air chamber with the 3rd port by detection optical fiber; Terminal B comprises terminal A and the aspiration pump being connected with porous air chamber in terminal A, and described aspiration pump connects inertia source of the gas.
Further, above-mentioned inertia source of the gas is nitrogen.
Fire preventing control method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module and optical fiber sensing module in S1, use system arrange secure threshold;
S2, control in fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module laser instrument and circulate successively that to send centre wavelength be pulse corresponding to GAS ABSORPTION peak in step S1, and determine according to reflectance spectrum whether the real-time concentration value of corresponding gas surmounts secure threshold;
Whether S3, the detected temperatures of synchronizeing with step S2 surmount secure threshold;
If testing result surmounts secure threshold in S4 step S2 or S3, start warning system and fire extinguishing system, otherwise continue to detect.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: fire prevention and control system of the present invention, combine gas analysis system and temperature analysis system, can more fully obtain early warning information.Gas analysis system adopts spectral absorption method, according to the concentration of specific gas in the spectrum analysis mine reflecting; Temperature analysis system has adopted Raman distributed temperature monitoring technology, can accomplish simultaneously: to the accurate location of mine ignition point, engineering construction is simple, the many-side such as passive (down-hole does not power), seamless, real-time, reliable monitor temperature.The down-hole gas with various concentration that the fire prevention and control System and method for analysis that the present invention proposes obtains and the temperature of down-hole, if gas concentration surpasses default scope or temperature surpasses preset value, with regard to trigger alarm device, realize the early warning of fire, and proposed early warning signal and extinguishing device to link, make the real-time prevention and control of fire become possibility.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is fire prevention and control system architecture diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a specific embodiment of detection of gas terminal in fire prevention and control system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is another specific embodiment of detection of gas terminal in fire prevention and control system of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Following examples of the present invention are that principle according to the present invention designs, and below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the invention will be further elaborated.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the fire prevention and control system for mine and underground pipe network of the present embodiment comprises warning system, fire extinguishing system, fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module and optical fiber sensing module, described fire extinguishing system comprises fire extinguishing main control system, extinguishing device and the control bus that connects main control system and extinguishing device, and extinguishing device is arranged in mine hoistway or underground pipe network and mine goaf; Described fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module and optical fiber sensing module are for inputting tested gas componant, concentration, temperature and positional information to warning system and fire extinguishing system; Described fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module comprises gas analysis arrangement, signal optical fibre and gas detecting terminal, wherein signal optical fibre is arranged in mine hoistway or underground pipe network, detection of gas terminal is arranged in mine hoistway or underground pipe network and mine goaf, for obtaining relevant position gas sample; Optical fiber sensing modular terminal is arranged in mine hoistway or underground pipe network and mine goaf.It is below a kind of concrete form of detection of gas terminal, comprise three port circulators, detection optical fiber and porous air chamber, detection optical fiber is for to porous air chamber input exploring laser light with the Laser feedback after porous air chamber absorbs is returned to the gas analysis arrangement of module, the second port of circulator is connected with signal optical fibre, and the first port is connected respectively output and the input of porous air chamber with the 3rd port by detection optical fiber.
As shown in Figure 3, as preferred version, the detection of gas terminal of the present embodiment comprises three port circulators, detection optical fiber and porous air chamber, detection optical fiber is for to porous air chamber input exploring laser light with the Laser feedback after porous air chamber absorbs is returned to the gas analysis arrangement of module, the second port of circulator is connected with signal optical fibre, and the first port is connected respectively output and the input of porous air chamber with the 3rd port by detection optical fiber.Described detection of gas terminal also comprises the aspiration pump that connects inertia source of the gas, for blowing afloat in air chamber, oppositely siphons away dust after dust, keeps air chamber clean.This detection of gas terminal is specially designed for coal mine gob, and its advantage is oppositely after inflation, to bleed, and keeps the clean of gas detector inside.
Because aspiration pump has increased equipment cost greatly, so, as the preferred embodiment of native system, in mine, not exclusively use the detection of gas terminal with high pressure inertia source of the gas, and only in the more mine goaf of dust, use.
The fire preventing control method of the embodiment of the present invention, comprises the following steps: fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module and optical fiber sensing module in S1, use system arrange secure threshold, and described secure threshold comprises 0
2>=20%, CO≤0.0024%, CO
2≤ 0.5%, H
2s≤0.00066%, CH
4≤ 4%; S2, control in fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module laser instrument and circulate successively that to send centre wavelength be pulse corresponding to GAS ABSORPTION peak in step S1, and determine according to reflectance spectrum whether the real-time concentration value of corresponding gas surmounts secure threshold; Whether S3, the detected temperatures of synchronizeing with step S2 surmount secure threshold; If testing result surmounts secure threshold in S4 step S2 or S3, start warning system and fire extinguishing system, otherwise continue to detect.It should be noted that; above-mentioned secure threshold is the concrete example of the present embodiment; it is not limiting the scope of the present invention; in engineering practice, above-mentioned threshold value can make the appropriate adjustments; reference factor than early warning if necessary put into practice, safe class etc.; belong to the common practise of this area, therefore do not describe in detail at this.
Be below system applies of the present invention in the preferred embodiment of mine:
The fire prevention and control system of the present embodiment comprises gas analysis system and temperature analysis system (fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module and optical fiber sensing module) two cover systems.This two cover system shares alarm, fire extinguishing main control system, extinguishing device control bus and extinguishing device.In addition, gas analysis system also comprises optical cable 1 (signal optical fibre), gas detector (detection of gas terminal) A and the B that is positioned at aboveground gas analysis arrangement, runs through full well, and temperature analysis system also comprises the temperature analysis equipment being positioned in coal mine, the optical cable 2 that runs through full well.Optical cable 1 and optical cable 2, at an aboveground synthetic optical cable, also can separately connect up, and for easy, this patent synthesizes one by optical cable 1 and optical cable 2 in narration.Because above-mentioned fire extinguishing main control system, extinguishing device, alarm and aboveground gas analysis arrangement, temperature analysis equipment etc. all belong to prior art, therefore do not describe in detail at this.
Its mine fire preventing control method detailed process is as follows: 1) gas analysis arrangement obtains the concentration of down-hole gas with various by analyzing the spectrum of returning in detection of gas end reflection, if 0
2, CO, CO
2, H
2s, CH
4deng the concentration of gas, not in the scope of setting, just produce fire alarm signal (gas that comprises concentration abnormality, and place), trigger alarm device, realizes the early warning of fire; 2) gas analysis arrangement is the early warning signal (gas that comprises concentration abnormality, and place) send to fire extinguishing main control system, near the extinguishing device that fire extinguishing main control system is controlled this place by extinguishing device control bus goes fire extinguishing, finally realizes the prevention and control of fire.In the fire preventing control method of the present embodiment, temperature analysis method comprises the following steps: 1) temperature analysis equipment adopts Raman distributed temperature monitoring technology ROTDR monitor temperature, if the temperature collecting surpasses the threshold value of setting, just produce fire alarm signal and (comprise temperature, and place corresponding to this temperature), trigger alarm device, realizes the early warning of fire; 2) temperature analysis equipment (comprises temperature early warning signal, and place corresponding to this temperature) send to fire extinguishing main control system, near the extinguishing device that fire extinguishing main control system is controlled this place by extinguishing device control bus goes fire extinguishing, finally realizes the prevention and control of fire.
Be below principle of the present invention: gas analysis system is according to lambert-Bill absorption law, every kind of gas has intrinsic absorption spectrum, when the emission wavelength of light source and the absorbing wavelength of gas match, will there is RESONANCE ABSORPTION, its absorption intensity is relevant with the concentration of gas, so just can obtain the concentration of certain gas according to reflectance spectrum.Under mine, the main gas of paying close attention to is 0
2, CO, CO
2, H
2s, CH
4so, in gas analysis system, adopting the adjustable laser instrument of wavelength, gas analysis arrangement obtains the concentration of down-hole gas with various by analyze the spectrum reflecting in gas detector A1 type, A2 type, if 0
2, CO, CO
2, H
2s, CH
4the concentration of gas is not in the scope of setting, just produce the fire alarm signal (gas that comprises concentration abnormality, and place), trigger alarm device, realize the early warning of fire, then gas analysis arrangement sends to fire extinguishing main control system early warning signal (gas that comprises concentration abnormality, and place), near the extinguishing device that fire extinguishing main control system is controlled this place by extinguishing device control bus goes fire extinguishing, finally realizes the prevention and control of fire.
Concrete, the gas 0 of paying close attention under above-mentioned mine
2, CO, CO
2, H
2s, CH
4absorption spectrum characteristic absorption peak wavelength be respectively 759nm-763nm, 1567nm, 1573nm, 1578nm, 1665nm.Therefore, it is 763nm that centre wavelength is sent in the laser instrument circulation that above-mentioned wavelength is adjustable, 1567nm, 1573nm, 1578nm, the pulse of 1665nm.
A kind of structure of above-mentioned gas detecting terminal A is as shown in Figure 2: comprise a circulator, and the air chamber of surface band porous, air chamber outside is optical cable.
That in detection of gas terminal B, to chamber inflated, fill is N
2or inert gas, blows afloat dust with aspiration pump, to extract the air with dust out afterwards, makes air chamber keep clean, and inflation decides according to the concrete condition in each ore deposit interval time.In coal mine gob, dust is more, and detection of gas terminal B is specially designed for goaf, and its advantage is oppositely after inflation, to bleed, and keeps the cleaning of air chamber.
Gas analysis system in the present invention is compared with existing colliery beam tube system, and advantage is: 1) do not need long distance to bleed, analyze more accurately, faster, have more real-time; 2) easily expansion.Temperature analysis system adopts Raman distributed thermometry ROTDR (Raman Optical Time Domain Reflectometer), the real-time temperature that obtains temperature measuring optical cable each point.When fire occurs, just can locate accurately mine ignition point.If the temperature that temperature analysis monitoring of equipment obtains surpasses default threshold temperature (80 ℃), just produce fire alarm signal (comprise temperature, and place corresponding to this temperature), trigger alarm device, realizes the early warning of fire; Simultaneously this signal (comprise temperature, and place corresponding to this temperature) is sent to fire extinguishing main control system, near its extinguishing device of controlling this place by extinguishing device control bus is put out a fire, and realizes the control of fire.Above-mentioned two steps have just realized the real-time prevention and control of fire.Above-mentioned optical cable laying is in track lane; Above-mentioned extinguishing device control bus is along with optical cable laying; Above-mentioned extinguishing device is distributed on extinguishing device control bus at interval of 50m.
Concrete, in said temperature analytical equipment, the centre wavelength of laser instrument generation pulse is 1550nm, laser pulse 10ns, live width 2nm.
For convenient, understand, the principle of existing Raman distributed thermometry ROTDR shifted onto as follows:
Stokes Raman and anti-Stokes Raman scattered light subnumber at optical fiber L place local are respectively:
N
S＝K
SSf
s 4N
Cexp[-(a
0+a
s)L]R
S(T)
N
a＝K
aSf
a 4N
Cexp[-(a
0+a
a)L]R
a(T)
Wherein, Ks, the coefficient that Ka is relevant with anti-Stokes Raman scattering section with optical fiber Stokes; S is the backscattering factor of optical fiber; Fs, fa is Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman scattered photon frequency; Nc is the laser pulse number of photons at optical fiber incident end; T is absolute temperature; a
0, a
sand a
abe respectively the fiber transmission attenuation of incident light, Stokes Raman scattered light and anti-Stokes Raman scattered light frequency; L is the length at optical fiber local to be measured place; The coefficient that Rs (T), Ra (T) are relevant with population number on optical fiber molecule low-lying level and high level, and have:
R
S(T)＝[1-exp(-hΔf/kT)]
-1
R
a(T)＝[exp(hΔf/kT)-1]
-1
Wherein h is Planck's constant; K is Boltzmann constant, and Δ f is Raman Phonon frequency.
Demodulation method is: use Stokes Raman scattering curve demodulation anti-Stokes Raman scattering curve:
I wherein
a, I
slight intensity for Stokes Raman light and anti-Stokes Raman scattered light.
Work as T=T
0when (reference temperature), above formula can be written as:
Above-mentioned two formulas are divided by and just can be obtained temperature T:
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that; embodiment described here is in order to help reader understanding's principle of the present invention; should be understood to that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such special statement and embodiment; especially fire prevention and control system of the present invention is not limited to mine and underground pipe network in application aspect, also can be applied in as required other any suitable occasions.Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other various concrete distortion and combinations that do not depart from essence of the present invention according to these technology enlightenments disclosed by the invention, and these distortion and combination are still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the fire prevention and control system for mine and underground pipe network, comprise warning system, fire extinguishing system, fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module and optical fiber sensing module, described fire extinguishing system comprises fire extinguishing main control system, extinguishing device and the control bus that connects fire extinguishing main control system and extinguishing device, and extinguishing device is arranged in mine hoistway or underground pipe network and mine goaf;
It is characterized in that, described fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module and optical fiber sensing module are for inputting tested gas componant, concentration, temperature and positional information to warning system and fire extinguishing system; Described fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module comprises gas analysis arrangement, signal optical fibre and gas detecting terminal, and wherein signal optical fibre and gas detecting terminal are arranged in mine hoistway or underground pipe network and mine goaf, for obtaining relevant position gas sample; Optical fiber sensing modular terminal is arranged in mine hoistway or underground pipe network and mine goaf.
2. fire prevention and control system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described detection of gas terminal comprises three port circulators, detection optical fiber and porous air chamber, detection optical fiber is for to porous air chamber input exploring laser light with the Laser feedback after porous air chamber absorbs is returned to the gas analysis arrangement of module, the second port of circulator is connected with signal optical fibre, and the first port is connected respectively output and the input of porous air chamber with the 3rd port by detection optical fiber.
3. fire prevention and control system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described detection of gas terminal also comprises the aspiration pump that connects inertia source of the gas, for blowing afloat in air chamber, oppositely siphons away dust after dust, keeps air chamber clean.
4. fire prevention and control system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the detection of gas terminal A that is arranged in mine hoistway or underground pipe network is different from the detection of gas terminal B that is positioned at mine goaf; Terminal A comprises three port circulators, detection optical fiber and porous air chamber, detection optical fiber is for to porous air chamber input exploring laser light with the Laser feedback after porous air chamber absorbs is returned to the gas analysis arrangement of module, the second port of circulator is connected with signal optical fibre, and the first port is connected respectively output and the input of porous air chamber with the 3rd port by detection optical fiber; Terminal B comprises terminal A and the aspiration pump being connected with porous air chamber in terminal A, and described aspiration pump connects inertia source of the gas.
5. fire prevention and control system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, inertia source of the gas is nitrogen.
6. fire preventing control method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module and optical fiber sensing module in S1, use system arrange secure threshold;
S2, control in fiber-optic fiber gas analysis module laser instrument and circulate successively that to send centre wavelength be pulse corresponding to GAS ABSORPTION peak in step S1, and determine according to reflectance spectrum whether the real-time concentration value of corresponding gas surmounts secure threshold;
Whether S3, the detected temperatures of synchronizeing with step S2 surmount secure threshold;
If testing result surmounts secure threshold in S4 step S2 or S3, start warning system and fire extinguishing system, otherwise continue to detect.
7. fire preventing control method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described secure threshold comprises 0
2>=20%, CO≤0.0024%, CO
2≤ 0.5%, H
2s≤0.00066%, CH
4≤ 4%.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410356754.0A CN104083841B (en) | 2014-07-25 | 2014-07-25 | It is a kind of for mine and the fire prevention and control system and method for underground pipe network |
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