CN106482703A - A kind of theodolite with distance measurement function and its method of work - Google Patents
A kind of theodolite with distance measurement function and its method of work Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106482703A CN106482703A CN201611186497.6A CN201611186497A CN106482703A CN 106482703 A CN106482703 A CN 106482703A CN 201611186497 A CN201611186497 A CN 201611186497A CN 106482703 A CN106482703 A CN 106482703A
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- polarization splitting
- splitting prism
- lens
- laser
- theodolite
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
- G01C1/02—Theodolites
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of theodolite with distance measurement function and its method of work, including laser transmitting system, laser receiver system, telescopic system;Laser transmitting system includes generating laser, the convergent lens for being placed in the generating laser front end, is placed in the first polarization splitting prism of the convergent lens front end, and generating laser, convergent lens, the first polarization splitting prism are coaxially disposed;Laser receiver system includes laser pickoff, is placed in the total reflection flat board of the first polarization splitting prism side;Eyepiece that telescopic system includes sequentially coaxially to arrange, the second polarization splitting prism, object lens, and the second polarization splitting prism is while be coaxially disposed with generating laser, the first polarization splitting prism;Matched with the second polarization splitting prism by the first polarization splitting prism so that the theodolite possesses to point and distance measurement function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser measuring equipment technical field, particularly a kind of theodolite with distance measurement function and its work
Method.
Background technology
Electronic theodolite can be widely applied to the engineering survey of the aspects such as railway, highway, bridge, water conservancy, mine, it is also possible to
In the various engineering measurements such as building, main equipment installation.In control measurement and engineering survey, angular surveying is a most base
This maximum amount of observation work, precise electronic theodolite is the most frequently used instrument of current angular surveying.
However, theodolite telescope is particularly in distant object alignment procedures during target alignment, need repeatedly
Operation, to using making troubles;The measurement such as tunnel, culvert, mine is the very high work of a danger, shortens time of measuring,
Efficiency can not only be improved, while the safety of energy effective protection worker.And existing theodolite does not have distance measurement function, having
A little specific application scenarios need to find range the target in a distant place, when such as having setting-out work in engineering, it usually needs coordinate
Tape measure works.But tape measure, apart from limited, measure error, the factor impact of human error is very big, actually used very not square
Just.Traditional theodolite can be found range using subtense technique, need to utilize stadia rod, using crosshair in theodolite telescope during range finding
Two hyphen silks up and down, read on stadia rod up and down two number differences and some other data, you can calculate placement instrument
Device point is to horizontal range and the discrepancy in elevation of point of staff.This method is similarly subjected to human error, the impact of method error, resultant error
Larger.Also a kind of electronic theodolite scheme for possessing distance measurement function, actually uses electronic theodolite and coordinates rangefinder,
Realize distance measurement function;This method shortcoming is closely present to putting and finding range not coaxial it is also obvious that the system is different axle system
Problem;Volume is big, high cost, needs extra support and the communications cable.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of simple structure, can easily be accommodated and the longitude and latitude with distance measurement function
Instrument and its method of work.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the theodolite with distance measurement function that the present invention is provided, including:Laser emission system
System, laser receiver system, telescopic system;The laser transmitting system include for launch emergent ray generating laser,
The convergent lens for being placed in the generating laser front end is, the first polarization splitting prism for being placed in the convergent lens front end, the laser
Transmitter, convergent lens, the first polarization splitting prism are coaxially disposed;The laser receiver system includes laser pickoff, is placed in
The total reflection flat board of the first polarization splitting prism side, so that the emergent ray that goes out of the laser transmitter projects is through first
The total reflection flat board is entered after polarization splitting prism reflection, and by the total reflection flat reflective to the laser pickoff,
For forming interior light path;Eyepiece that the telescopic system includes sequentially coaxially to arrange, the second polarization splitting prism, object lens, and
Second polarization splitting prism is coaxially disposed with the generating laser, the first polarization splitting prism simultaneously, so that described swash
The emergent ray that optical transmitting set is launched reaches the second polarization splitting prism after the first polarization splitting prism transmission, inclined by second
The Amici prism that shakes is transmitted through object lens to the surface of target object to be determined after being reflected, and is completed to a function;By mesh to be determined
The reflection light that mark object is reflected enters the second polarization splitting prism through object lens, reflexes to the first polarization splitting prism, by
First polarization splitting prism is reflected into the total reflection flat board, and by the total reflection flat reflective to the laser pick-off
Device, forms outer light path;Distance measurement function is realized according to the phase difference between interior light path and outer light path by the laser pickoff.
Further, the theodolite with distance measurement function is also included for amplifying the emergent light that the laser transmitter projects go out
Line, moveable pattern lens, when the pattern lens are moved between the convergent lens and the first polarization splitting prism,
So that the concentrated lens of the emergent ray that goes out of laser transmitter projects carry out reducing amplification by the pattern lens after entering line convergence,
It is easy to emergent ray to be directed at target object to be determined after going out through the first polarization splitting prism, the second polarization splitting prism, object lens
Surface.
Further, the pattern lens are concavees lens, and the concavees lens are by Motor drive, so that the concavees lens are movable to
Between the convergent lens and the first polarization splitting prism, and it is coaxially disposed with the convergent lens, the first polarization splitting prism,
The reducing for easily realizing emergent ray amplifies.
Further, focusing lens, the focusing lens and institute are set between second polarization splitting prism and the object lens
State eyepiece, object lens to be coaxially disposed, for adjusting the focal length of telescopic system.
Further, light damping plate is set between first polarization splitting prism and the second polarization splitting prism, for carrying out
Increase and decrease light, to control the intensity of emergent ray, reflection light.
The method of work of the above-mentioned theodolite with distance measurement function, comprises the steps:
A, start theodolite, when selecting to function, the axis of generating laser is left by Motor drive concavees lens, is sent out by laser
The concentrated lens of emergent ray that emitter is launched are transmitted to the first polarization splitting prism after entering line convergence collimation, are polarized by first
The emergent ray that Amici prism is transmitted is transmitted after being adjusted through light damping plate to the second polarization splitting prism, by the second polarization point
Light prism is reflected to be transmitted to target object to be measured through object lens, completes remote laser to point.
When B, above-mentioned theodolite select distance measurement function, coaxial with generating laser, convergent lens by Motor drive concavees lens
Arrange, so as to the concentrated lens of the emergent ray that gone out by laser transmitter projects are transmitted after entering line convergence collimation carry out to concavees lens
Light beam amplifies, and the emergent ray after amplification is transmitted to the first polarization splitting prism, and the emergent ray part is by the first polarization spectro
Total reflection flat board is entered after prismatic reflection, and by total reflection flat reflective to laser pickoff, for forming interior light path;The outgoing
Light portion by transmitting to the second polarization splitting prism after being adjusted through light damping plate after the first polarization splitting prism transmission, by
Two polarization splitting prisms are reflected to be transmitted to target object to be measured through object lens, completes the centering of target object, and emergent ray is passed
Delivering to target object rear portion to be measured divides emergent ray to be reflected, and the reflection light of formation backs into the second polarization spectro through object lens
Prism, adjusts back reflection to the first polarization splitting prism by the second polarization splitting prism through light damping plate, by the first polarization spectro rib
Mirror is reflected into the total reflection flat board, and by the total reflection flat reflective to the laser pickoff, forms outer light path;By
Laser pickoff, phase measuring circuit, processor module match, and are calculated according to the phasometer between interior light path and outer light path
The distance between target object to be determined and theodolite, realize long-distance ranging function.
The technique effect of invention:(1)The theodolite with distance measurement function of the present invention, with respect to prior art, by
One polarization splitting prism is matched with the second polarization splitting prism so that the theodolite possesses to point and distance measurement function;(2)Assemble
Moveable pattern lens are set between lens and the first polarization splitting prism, and theodolite needs to find range the target of distant place
When, the diameter of emergent ray can be adjusted by pattern lens so that emergent ray is easy to be directed at target object to be measured, reduces and sights difficulty
Degree, improves detection efficiency;(3)Pattern lens select concavees lens, simple structure, it is easy to manipulate.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to Figure of description:
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of the theodolite that the present invention has distance measurement function;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of the laser transmitting system of the present invention and laser receiver system.
In figure:Generating laser 1, convergent lens 2, concavees lens 3, the first polarization splitting prism 4, light damping plate 5, total reflection are flat
Plate 6, laser pickoff 7, processor module 8, emergent ray 11, reflection light 12, eyepiece 20, object lens 21, the second polarization spectro
Prism 22, focusing lens 23.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 2, the theodolite with distance measurement function of the present embodiment, including Laser emission system for embodiment 1
System, laser receiver system, telescopic system;Laser transmitting system includes the generating laser 1 for launching emergent ray 11, should
The front end of generating laser 1 is provided for compressing the convergent lens 2 of 11 angle of divergence of emergent ray, and the front end of the convergent lens 2 sets
The first polarization splitting prism 4 is put, generating laser 1, convergent lens 2, the first polarization splitting prism 4 are coaxially disposed;Convergent lens 2
Moveable concavees lens 3 are set between the first polarization splitting prism 4, for amplifying the emergent light that generating laser 1 is launched
Line 11;By Motor drive, the concavees lens are moved between convergent lens 2 and the first polarization splitting prism 4 concavees lens, and participant
When poly- lens 2, the first polarization splitting prism 4 are coaxially disposed, easily the emergent ray 11 through the concavees lens can be become
Footpath is amplified.
Laser receiver system includes laser pickoff 7 and the total reflection flat board 6 located at 4 side of the first polarization splitting prism,
So that the emergent ray 11 that generating laser 1 is launched enters total reflection flat board 6 after the reflection of the first polarization splitting prism 4, and
Laser pickoff 7 is reflexed to by total reflection flat board 6, for forming interior light path.
Eyepiece 20 that telescopic system includes sequentially coaxially to arrange, the second polarization splitting prism 22, object lens 21, and second is inclined
Amici prism 22 shake while be coaxially disposed with generating laser 1, the first polarization splitting prism 4, so that generating laser 1 is launched
Emergent ray 11 reach the second polarization splitting prism 22 after 4 transmission of the first polarization splitting prism, by the second polarization spectro rib
Mirror 22 is transmitted through object lens 21 to the surface of target object to be determined after being reflected, and is completed to a function;By object to be determined
The reflection light 12 that body is reflected enters the second polarization splitting prism 22 through object lens 21, reflexes to the first polarization splitting prism 4,
It is reflected into being totally reflected flat board 6 by the first polarization splitting prism 4, and laser pickoff 7 is reflexed to by total reflection flat board 6, is formed
Outer light path;Setting focusing lens 23 between second polarization splitting prism 22 and object lens 21, the focusing lens 23 and eyepiece 20, object lens
21 are coaxially disposed, for adjusting the focal length of telescopic system;Between first polarization splitting prism 4 and the second polarization splitting prism 22
Light damping plate 5 is set, for carrying out increase and decrease light, to control the intensity of emergent ray 11, reflection light 12.Laser pickoff 7 and use
The phase measuring circuit electrical connection of the phase difference of light path and outer light path in obtaining, phase measuring circuit and 8 electricity of processor module
Connection, so that processor module 8 can calculate target object to be determined and warp according to the phasometer between interior light path and outer light path
The distance between latitude instrument.
Above-mentioned processor module 8 can be realized using single-chip microcomputer or DSP module, such as DSP2812, generating laser
1 can be realized using LT022MC.
Embodiment 2
The method of work of the above-mentioned theodolite with distance measurement function, comprises the steps:
A, when should have theodolite of distance measurement function and selecting to function, generating laser 1 is left by Motor drive concavees lens
Axis, the 11 concentrated lens 2 of emergent ray that is launched by generating laser 1 are transmitted after entering line convergence collimation to the first polarization point
Light prism 4, the emergent ray 11 transmitted by the first polarization splitting prism 4 are transmitted after being adjusted through light damping plate 5 to second inclined
Shake Amici prism 22, is reflected by the second polarization splitting prism 22 and transmits to target object to be measured through object lens, completes long-range sharp
Light is to point.
When B, theodolite that should be with distance measurement function select distance measurement function, by Motor drive concavees lens 3 and generating laser
1st, convergent lens 2 is coaxially disposed, so that the 11 concentrated lens 2 of emergent ray that is launched by generating laser 1 enter line convergence standard
Transmitting to concavees lens 3 after straight carries out light beam amplification, and the emergent ray 11 after amplification is transmitted to the first polarization splitting prism 4, and this goes out
Penetrate after 11 part of light is reflected by the first polarization splitting prism 4 and total reflection flat board 6 is entered, and reflexed to by total reflection flat board 6 sharp
Optical receiver 7, for forming interior light path;11 part of emergent ray is by entering through light damping plate 5 after 4 transmission of the first polarization splitting prism
Row is transmitted to the second polarization splitting prism 22 after adjusting, and is reflected by the second polarization splitting prism 22 and transmits to be measured through object lens
Target object, completes the centering of target object, and emergent ray 11 is sent to target object rear portion to be measured and divides emergent ray 11 anti-
Penetrate, the reflection light 12 of formation backs into the second polarization splitting prism 22 through object lens 21, by 22 warp of the second polarization splitting prism
Light damping plate 5 adjusts back reflection to the first polarization splitting prism 4, is reflected into the total reflection by the first polarization splitting prism 4 flat
Plate 6, and the laser pickoff 7 is reflexed to by the total reflection flat board 6, form outer light path;Surveyed by laser pickoff 7, phase place
Amount circuit, processor module 8 match, according to the phasometer between interior light path and outer light path calculate target object to be determined with
The distance between theodolite, realizes long-distance ranging function.
The emergent ray 11 of enhanced processing can be also matched with the cooperative target of peripheral hardware, especially remotely using reflective prism
During as cooperative target, as emergent ray is exaggerated process, therefore the dimensional requirement to cooperative target is relatively low, even
The reflective prism of reduced size also easily can be aligned by emergent ray, reduced detection difficulty, improve detection efficiency.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and be not to the present invention
The restriction of embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, which can also be made on the basis of the above description
The change of its multi-form or variation.There is no need to be exhaustive to all of embodiment.And these belong to this
Obvious change or change among still in protection scope of the present invention that bright spirit is amplified out.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of theodolite with distance measurement function, it is characterised in that include:Laser transmitting system, laser receiver system, look in the distance
Mirror system;The laser transmitting system includes the generating laser for launching emergent ray(1), be placed in the generating laser
(1)The convergent lens of front end(2), be placed in the convergent lens(2)First polarization splitting prism of front end(4), the Laser emission
Device(1), convergent lens(2), the first polarization splitting prism(4)It is coaxially disposed;The laser receiver system includes laser pickoff
(7), be placed in first polarization splitting prism(4)The total reflection flat board of side(6), so that the generating laser(1)Transmitting
The emergent ray for going out(11)Through the first polarization splitting prism(4)The total reflection flat board is entered after reflection(6), and be all-trans by described
Penetrate flat board(6)Reflex to the laser pickoff(7), for forming interior light path;The telescopic system includes sequentially coaxially to set
The eyepiece that puts(20), the second polarization splitting prism(22), object lens(21), and second polarization splitting prism(22)Simultaneously with institute
State generating laser(1), the first polarization splitting prism(4)It is coaxially disposed, so that the generating laser(1)The outgoing that launches
Light(11)Through the first polarization splitting prism(4)The second polarization splitting prism is reached after transmission(22), by the second polarization spectro rib
Mirror(22)Through object lens after being reflected(21)Transmit to the surface of target object to be determined;Reflected by target object to be determined
Reflection light(12)Through object lens(21)Enter the second polarization splitting prism(22), reflex to the first polarization splitting prism(4), by
First polarization splitting prism(4)It is reflected into the total reflection flat board(6), and by the total reflection flat board(6)Reflex to described
Laser pickoff(7), form outer light path;By the laser pickoff(7)According to the phase difference reality between interior light path and outer light path
Existing distance measurement function.
2. the theodolite with distance measurement function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include described to swash for amplifying
Optical transmitting set(1)The emergent ray that launches(11), moveable pattern lens.
3. the theodolite with distance measurement function according to claim 2, it is characterised in that pattern lens are concavees lens(3),
The concavees lens(3)By Motor drive, so that the concavees lens(3)It is movable to the convergent lens(2)With the first polarization spectro
Prism(4)Between, and with the convergent lens(2), the first polarization splitting prism(4)It is coaxially disposed.
4. the theodolite with distance measurement function according to claim 3, it is characterised in that second polarization splitting prism
(22)With the object lens(21)Between arrange focusing lens(23), the focusing lens(23)With the eyepiece(20), object lens(21)
It is coaxially disposed.
5. the theodolite with distance measurement function according to claim 4, it is characterised in that first polarization splitting prism
(4)With the second polarization splitting prism(22)Between arrange light damping plate(5).
6. the method for work of the theodolite as described in one of Claims 1-4, comprises the steps:
A, start theodolite, when selecting to function, by Motor drive concavees lens(3)Leave generating laser(1)Axis, by
Generating laser(1)The emergent ray that launches(11)Concentrated lens(2)Transmit after entering line convergence collimation to the first polarization point
Light prism(4), by the first polarization splitting prism(4)The emergent ray for transmiting(11)Through light damping plate(5)Transmit after being adjusted
To the second polarization splitting prism(22), by the second polarization splitting prism(22)Reflected through object lens(21)Transmit to target to be measured
Object, completes remote laser to point;
When B, above-mentioned theodolite select distance measurement function, by Motor drive concavees lens(3)With generating laser(1), convergent lens(2)
It is coaxially disposed, so that by generating laser(1)The emergent ray that launches(11)Concentrated lens(2)Pass after entering line convergence collimation
Transport to concavees lens(3)Light beam amplification is carried out, the emergent ray after amplification(11)Transmit to the first polarization splitting prism(4), this goes out
Penetrate light(11)Part is by the first polarization splitting prism(4)Total reflection flat board is entered after reflection(6), and by total reflection flat board(6)
Reflex to laser pickoff(7), for forming interior light path;The emergent ray(11)Part is by the first polarization splitting prism(4)Thoroughly
Through light damping plate after penetrating(5)Transmit after being adjusted to the second polarization splitting prism(22), by the second polarization splitting prism(22)Enter
Row reflection is through object lens(21)Transmit to target object to be measured, complete the centering of target object, emergent ray(11)It is sent to be measured
Emergent ray is divided at target object rear portion(11)Reflected, the reflection light of formation(12)Through object lens(21)Back into the second polarization
Amici prism(22), by the second polarization splitting prism(22)Through light damping plate(5)Back reflection is adjusted to the first polarization splitting prism
(4), by the first polarization splitting prism(4)It is reflected into the total reflection flat board(6), and by the total reflection flat board(6)Reflection
To the laser pickoff(7), form outer light path;By laser pickoff(7), phase measuring circuit, processor module(8)Match
Close, the distance between target object to be determined and theodolite are calculated according to the phasometer between interior light path and outer light path, realize
Long-distance ranging function.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201611186497.6A CN106482703A (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2016-12-20 | A kind of theodolite with distance measurement function and its method of work |
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CN201611186497.6A CN106482703A (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2016-12-20 | A kind of theodolite with distance measurement function and its method of work |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107179073A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-19 | 成都聚汇才科技有限公司 | A kind of electronic total station with three axle compensation functions |
CN108267114A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-07-10 | 常州市新瑞得仪器有限公司 | A kind of auto-collimation total powerstation and its method of work |
CN109387849A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-02-26 | 珠海码硕科技有限公司 | A kind of coaxial laser range unit |
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US6504602B1 (en) * | 1999-08-31 | 2003-01-07 | Leica Geosystems Ag | Tacheometer telescope |
CN203385420U (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2014-01-08 | 常州市新瑞得仪器有限公司 | Laser centering device applicable to height measurement and total station applying laser centering device |
CN206300636U (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-07-04 | 常州市新瑞得仪器有限公司 | A kind of theodolite with distance measurement function |
-
2016
- 2016-12-20 CN CN201611186497.6A patent/CN106482703A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6504602B1 (en) * | 1999-08-31 | 2003-01-07 | Leica Geosystems Ag | Tacheometer telescope |
CN203385420U (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2014-01-08 | 常州市新瑞得仪器有限公司 | Laser centering device applicable to height measurement and total station applying laser centering device |
CN206300636U (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-07-04 | 常州市新瑞得仪器有限公司 | A kind of theodolite with distance measurement function |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107179073A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-19 | 成都聚汇才科技有限公司 | A kind of electronic total station with three axle compensation functions |
CN108267114A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-07-10 | 常州市新瑞得仪器有限公司 | A kind of auto-collimation total powerstation and its method of work |
CN108267114B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2023-09-26 | 常州市新瑞得仪器有限公司 | Auto-collimation total station and working method thereof |
CN109387849A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-02-26 | 珠海码硕科技有限公司 | A kind of coaxial laser range unit |
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Application publication date: 20170308 |