CN108267114B - Auto-collimation total station and working method thereof - Google Patents
Auto-collimation total station and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108267114B CN108267114B CN201810279507.3A CN201810279507A CN108267114B CN 108267114 B CN108267114 B CN 108267114B CN 201810279507 A CN201810279507 A CN 201810279507A CN 108267114 B CN108267114 B CN 108267114B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005338 frosted glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an auto-collimation total station and a working method thereof, the auto-collimation total station comprises a telescope system, an incident light source system and a ranging system, wherein the telescope system, the incident light source system and the ranging system are arranged on the same optical axis, the telescope system comprises an objective lens, a focusing lens, a cube prism and an observation eyepiece, an image transfer prism and an eyepiece reticle are arranged between the observation eyepiece and the cube prism, the incident light source system comprises a light source and an auto-collimation reticle which are arranged perpendicular to the optical axis of the telescope system, the ranging system comprises a ranging light source, a main prism and a ranging plate, the main prism comprises a cuboid prism body and first and second lens bodies which are distributed in a V shape, a reflecting surface is arranged between the first and second lens bodies and the prism body, the main prism body is arranged between the focusing lens and the objective lens, the prism body is arranged on the optical axis of the telescope system, the first lens body is arranged towards the ranging light source, and the second lens body is arranged towards the ranging plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measuring equipment, in particular to an auto-collimation total station and a working method thereof.
Background
In the prior art, an auto-collimator is a length measuring tool for measuring a micro angle by utilizing an optical auto-collimation principle. The optical auto-collimation principle is: after passing through the reticle positioned on the focal plane of the objective lens, the light rays form parallel light through the objective lens, the parallel light is reflected back by the reflecting mirror or the reflecting plate perpendicular to the optical axis, then the reticle image is formed on the focal plane after passing through the objective lens to coincide with the reticle, and when the reflecting mirror or the reflecting plate is inclined by a small angle beta, the reflected light beams are inclined by the angle 2 beta. Because of the different positions and structures of the reticle and the optical elements, the self-alignment instrument has the following three basic light paths: a) The light path structure of the Gaussian auto-collimator is shown in figure 1, and the Gaussian auto-collimator comprises an eyepiece, a spectroscope 91, a reticle 90, an objective lens 7 and a reflector 8 which are arranged on the same optical axis, and an incident light source 4 provides incident light, and has the advantages that the view field of the eyepiece 2 is not blocked, the scribing on the reticle 90 is positioned in the center of the view field, the observation is convenient, the defects are that the brightness loss is large, the auto-collimation image is dark, the focal length of the eyepiece 2 is long, and large magnification cannot be obtained in a limited space; b) The Abbe type auto-collimator has the light path structure shown in figure 2, comprises an ocular lens 2, a reticle 90, an objective lens 7 and a reflector 8 which are arranged on the same optical axis, and is matched with an incident light source 4 and a prism 92 to provide incident light, and has the advantages of large light intensity and small brightness loss, the disadvantage that the visual field of the ocular lens 2 is blocked by the prism 92 by half, and the reflected light cannot enter the objective lens 7 for imaging after the distance between the reflector 8 and the objective lens 7 exceeds a certain value due to different directions of the emergent light, so that the working distance is shorter; c) The dual-division plate type auto-collimator comprises an eyepiece 2, an eyepiece division plate 93, a cube prism 24, an objective lens 7 and a reflector 8 which are arranged on the same optical axis, and an incident light source 4 and the division plate 90 are matched to provide incident light.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an auto-collimation total station with high brightness, small volume and high magnification and a working method thereof.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the auto-collimation total station provided by the present invention includes: the telescope system comprises an objective lens, a focusing lens, a cubic prism and an observation eyepiece which are arranged on the same optical axis, an image transfer prism and an eyepiece reticle are arranged between the observation eyepiece and the cubic prism, the incident light source system comprises a light source and an autocollimation reticle which are arranged perpendicular to the optical axis of the telescope system, the ranging system comprises a ranging light source, a primary prism and a ranging plate, the primary prism comprises a cuboid prism body, a first split lens body and a second split lens body which are distributed in a V shape, a reflecting surface is arranged between the first split lens body and the second split lens body, the primary prism is arranged between the focusing lens and the objective lens, the prism body is arranged on the optical axis of the telescope system, the first split lens body is arranged towards the ranging light source, the focusing lens is arranged towards the reference line, so that outgoing light emitted by the light source passes through the autocollimation reticle, the cubic prism, the prism body and the objective lens to reach the reflecting plate, and the cross light emitted by the autocollimation plate passes through the imaging lens, the cubic prism, the image transfer lens and the objective lens to reach the reflecting plate; the ranging laser emitted by the ranging light source reaches the reflector through the first split mirror body, the prism body and the objective lens, and part of light reflected by the reflector reaches the ranging plate through the objective lens, the prism body and the second split mirror body, so that the ranging function is realized.
The self-collimation total station further comprises a CMOS image processing system and a display screen, the CMOS image processing system comprises a processor, a CMOS image sensor, a receiving reflector and a receiving splitter prism, wherein the receiving splitter prism is arranged between the cube prism and the self-collimation reticle, so that imaging of a cross datum line of the self-collimation reticle at the reflector reaches the receiving splitter prism through the objective lens, the focusing lens and the cube prism, the receiving splitter prism is reflected to the receiving reflector and the CMOS image sensor, the processor is electrically connected with the display screen and the CMOS image sensor, the position of the returned cross datum line image is read by the CMOS image sensor and fed back to the processor, and the offset position is calculated by the processor and then is transmitted to the display screen for display, thereby realizing automatic detection of the cross datum line image without observing aiming read data in real time.
Further, the auto-collimation total station also comprises an upper shell and a leveling base, wherein the bottom end of the upper shell is in rotary fit with the leveling base, so that the upper shell can rotate around the leveling base.
Further, the auto-collimation total station further comprises a base, a tube level is arranged on the upper shell, the leveling base is triangular, a lifting base foot spiral is arranged between the bottom end of each vertex angle of the leveling base and the base, and the leveling base and the upper shell are in a horizontal state by adjusting the lifting of the base foot spiral.
Further, the auto-collimation total station also comprises a telescope system mounting seat, and two sides of the telescope system mounting seat are in pivot joint fit with the upper casing, so that the telescope system mounting seat can be rotatably arranged, and the telescope system can be conveniently rotated and adjusted.
Further, a rough aiming device is arranged above the telescope system mounting seat, so that rough aiming observation is conveniently carried out on the reflector arranged at the remote target.
Furthermore, the image transfer prism is an Abbe roof prism or a Proc prism, the structure is simple, and the volume of the telescope system can be reduced. Furthermore, the light source and the ranging light source are laser light sources or LED light sources, so that the monochromaticity is good, the directivity is strong, and the brightness is high.
The working method of the auto-collimation total station comprises the following steps: the imaging of the cross datum line of the auto-collimation reticle at the reflecting plate reaches the receiving beam splitter prism through the objective lens, the prism body, the focusing lens and the cube prism, the receiving beam splitter prism reflects the image to the receiving beam splitter and the CMOS image sensor, the CMOS image sensor reads the returned position of the cross datum line and feeds the position back to the processor, and the processor calculates the offset position and then sends the offset position to the display screen for display, so that the automatic detection of the cross datum line is realized.
The invention has the technical effects that: (1) Compared with the prior art, the auto-collimation total station disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the distance measurement system is matched with the incident light source system, so that the total station has a distance measurement function; the main prism in the ranging system is provided with the prism body, the first sub-lens body and the second sub-lens body, and the first sub-lens body and the second sub-lens body are respectively arranged towards the ranging light source and the ranging plate, so that only the prism body in the ranging system is arranged on the optical axis of the telescope system, the whole volume of the equipment is reduced, and the moving range of the focusing lens is enlarged within the same volume range; (2) The CMOS image sensor can directly read the offset position of the returned cross reference line image and transmit the offset position to the display screen for display, so that the automatic detection of the cross reference line image is realized, and the aiming reading data is not required to be observed in real time; (3) The upper shell and the leveling base are matched to enable the upper shell to rotate 360 degrees, 3 base foot spirals are arranged between the leveling base and the base, and the leveling base can be adjusted to be horizontal; (4) The setting of the coarse sighting device can quickly observe the reflecting plate, so that the auto-collimation total station can be approximately aligned to a target, and the adjustment difficulty is reduced.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings of the specification:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the optical path structure of a Gaussian auto-collimator of the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the optical path structure of an Abbe-type auto-collimator in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the optical path structure of a dual reticle type autocollimator in the prior art;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the optical path structure of the auto-collimation total station of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the optical path structure of the electro-optical auto-collimation total station in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an electro-optical auto-collimation total station according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a primary prism of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In the figure: the telescope system comprises an upper casing 1, a telescope system mounting seat 10, a base 11, a leveling base 12, a base foot screw 13, a tube level 14, a vertical adjusting knob 15, a horizontal adjusting knob 16, a display screen 17, a coarse sighting device 18, an eyepiece 2, a telescope system 20, an observation eyepiece 21, an eyepiece reticle 22, a relay prism 23, a cube prism 24, a focusing lens 25, a ranging system 30, a ranging light source 31, a receiving dimming plate 32, a main prism 33, a first split mirror 331, a second split mirror 332, a prism body 333, a ranging plate 34, an incident light source 4, a light source 41, a frosted glass 42, an auto-collimation reticle 43, a CMOS image sensor 51, a receiving reflector 52, a receiving splitting prism 53, an objective lens 7, a reflector 8, a reticle 90, a spectroscope 91 and a prism 92.
Description of the embodiments
Embodiment 1 an auto-collimation total station, the optical path system of which is shown in fig. 4, comprises a telescope system 20, an incident light source system and a distance measuring system 30, wherein the telescope system 20 comprises an objective lens 7, a focusing lens 25, a cube prism 24 and an observation eyepiece 21 which are arranged on the same optical axis, a transfer prism 23 and an eyepiece reticle 22 are arranged between the observation eyepiece 21 and the cube prism 24, the incident light source system comprises a light source 41 and an auto-collimation reticle 43 which are arranged perpendicular to the optical axis of the telescope system 20, and frosted glass 42 is arranged between the light source 41 and the auto-collimation reticle 43; the auto-collimation reticle 43 is provided with cross-pass lithography lines (in other embodiments, the auto-collimation reticle 43 with the cross-pass lithography lines can also be dot-pass lithography lines), the auto-collimation reticle 43 with the cross-pass lithography lines is illuminated by light emitted by the light source 41 after passing through the frosted glass 42, the ranging system 30 comprises a ranging light source 31, a primary prism 33 and a ranging plate 34, the primary prism 33 comprises a cuboid prism body 333 and V-shaped first split mirror 331 and a second split mirror 332, a reflection surface is arranged between the first split mirror 331 and the second split mirror 332 and the prism body 333, the primary prism 33 is arranged between the focusing mirror 25 and the objective lens 7, the prism body 333 is arranged on an optical axis of the telescope system 20, the first split mirror 331 is arranged towards the ranging light source 31, the second split mirror 332 is arranged towards the ranging plate 34, the bright cross reference line passes through the cube prism 24 of the telescope system 20, the focusing mirror 25, the prism body 333 and the objective lens 7 to form emergent light, and the reflecting mirror 8 (in other embodiments can also be V-shaped) arranged on the reflecting plate 8 at the target, the reflecting cross reference line passes through the mirrors 7 and 25, the cross reference line 24 passes through the prism 22 and the lens 22 and the mirror 21 and the mirror 7, and the mirror 22 passes through the optical axis of the lens and the mirror system is arranged on the mirror system, and the mirror system is perpendicular to the mirror plate is confirmed, the mirror system is arranged on the reflecting mirror plate and the reflecting mirror plate is arranged on the reflecting mirror plate and the mirror plate; when the distance measuring function is needed, the distance measuring laser emitted by the distance measuring light source 31 reaches the reflector 8 through the first split mirror 331, the prism body 333 and the objective lens 7, and part of the light reflected by the reflector 8 reaches the distance measuring plate 34 through the objective lens 7, the prism body 333 and the second split mirror 332, so that the distance measuring function is realized. The distance measuring system and the incident light source system are not arranged on the same straight line, so that the volume of the collimator can be reduced.
As an preference, the auto-collimation total station further comprises a telescope system installation seat 10, an upper casing 1 and a leveling base 12, as shown in fig. 6, the telescope system 20 is arranged in the telescope system installation seat 10, and two sides of the telescope system installation seat 10 are in pivot fit with the upper casing 1, so that the telescope system installation seat 10 can be rotatably arranged to facilitate the rotation adjustment of the telescope system 20, and the upper casing 1 is provided with a horizontal adjusting knob 16 for controlling the rotation angle of the upper casing 1; the bottom end of the upper casing 1 is matched with the leveling base 12 in a rotating way through a pivot and a motor, so that the upper casing 1 can rotate around the pivot of the leveling base 12; the upper casing 1 is provided with a vertical adjusting knob 15 for controlling the rotation angle of the telescope system mount 10.
Preferably, the auto-collimation total station further comprises a base 11, a tube level 14 is arranged on the upper shell 1, the leveling base 12 is triangular, a lifting base foot screw 13 is arranged between the bottom end of each vertex angle of the leveling base 12 and the base 11, and the leveling base 12 and the upper shell 1 are in a horizontal state by adjusting the lifting of the base foot screw 13.
Preferably, a coarse sighting device 18 is arranged above the telescope system mounting seat 10, so that coarse sighting observation is conveniently carried out on the reflector 8 arranged at a remote target.
Preferably, the image transfer prism 23 is an abbe roof prism or a Proc prism, and has a simple structure and can reduce the volume of the telescope system.
Preferably, the light source 41 and the distance measuring light source 31 are laser light sources or LED light sources, which have good monochromaticity, strong directivity, and high brightness.
Preferably, a ranging dimming plate is arranged between the first split mirror body and the ranging light source so as to control the brightness of the ranging laser.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, the auto-collimation total station of this embodiment further includes a CMOS image processing system and a display screen 17, the optical path system of which is shown in fig. 5, the CMOS image processing system includes a processor (for example, DSP, a singlechip, an FPGA chip, etc.), a CMOS image sensor 51, a receiving reflection sheet 52, a receiving beam splitter prism 53, the receiving beam splitter prism 53 is disposed between the cube prism 24 and the auto-collimation reticle 43, so that the image of the cross reference line of the auto-collimation reticle 43 at the reflection sheet 8 reaches the receiving beam splitter prism 53 through the objective lens 7, the prism body 333, the focusing lens 25 and the cube prism 24, and is reflected to the receiving reflection sheet 52 and the CMOS image sensor 51 by the receiving beam splitter prism 53, the processor is electrically connected with the display screen 17 and the CMOS image sensor 51, the position of the returned cross reference line image is read by the CMOS image sensor 51 and fed back to the processor, and the offset position is calculated by the processor and then is transmitted to the display screen 17 for display, so that automatic detection of the cross reference line of the image is realized without observing the aiming read data in real time.
It is apparent that the above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious changes and modifications which come within the spirit of the invention are desired to be protected.
Claims (2)
1. An auto-collimation total station, comprising: the telescope system comprises an objective lens, a focusing lens, a cubic prism and an observation eyepiece which are arranged on the same optical axis, an image transfer prism and an eyepiece reticle are arranged between the observation eyepiece and the cubic prism, the incident light source system comprises a light source and an autocollimation reticle which are arranged perpendicular to the optical axis of the telescope system, the ranging system comprises a ranging light source, a primary prism and a ranging plate, the primary prism comprises a cuboid prism body, a first split lens body and a second split lens body which are distributed in a V shape, a reflecting surface is arranged between the first split lens body and the second split lens body, the primary prism is arranged between the focusing lens and the objective lens, the prism body is arranged on the optical axis of the telescope system, the first split lens body is arranged towards the ranging light source, the focusing lens is arranged towards the reference line, so that outgoing light emitted by the light source passes through the autocollimation reticle, the cubic prism, the prism body and the objective lens to reach the reflecting plate, and the cross light emitted by the autocollimation plate passes through the imaging lens, the cubic prism, the image transfer lens and the objective lens to reach the reflecting plate; the distance measuring laser emitted by the distance measuring light source reaches the reflector through the first split mirror body, the prism body and the objective lens, and part of light reflected by the reflector reaches the distance measuring plate through the objective lens, the prism body and the second split mirror body; the self-collimation total station also comprises a CMOS image processing system and a display screen, wherein the CMOS image processing system comprises a processor, a CMOS image sensor, a receiving reflector and a receiving splitter prism, the receiving splitter prism is arranged between the cube prism and the self-collimation reticle, so that imaging of a cross datum line of the self-collimation reticle at the reflector reaches the receiving splitter prism through the objective lens, the focusing mirror and the cube prism, the receiving splitter prism reflects the imaging to the receiving reflector and the CMOS image sensor, the processor is electrically connected with the display screen and the CMOS image sensor, the position of the returned cross datum line is read by the CMOS image sensor and fed back to the processor, and the offset position is calculated by the processor and then is transmitted to the display screen for display; the image transfer prism is an Abbe roof prism or a Propox prism; the ranging system is not disposed on the same line as the incident light source system.
2. The auto-collimation total station as set forth in claim 1, further comprising an upper housing and a leveling base, a bottom end of the upper housing being in rotational engagement with the leveling base such that the upper housing is rotatable about the leveling base.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311147713.6A CN117308892A (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2018-04-01 | Auto-collimation total station with small volume and high magnification |
| CN202311148531.0A CN117308893A (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2018-04-01 | Working method of auto-collimation total station |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711032564 | 2017-10-30 | ||
| CN2017110325643 | 2017-10-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311147713.6A Division CN117308892A (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2018-04-01 | Auto-collimation total station with small volume and high magnification |
| CN202311148531.0A Division CN117308893A (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2018-04-01 | Working method of auto-collimation total station |
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| CN108267114A CN108267114A (en) | 2018-07-10 |
| CN108267114B true CN108267114B (en) | 2023-09-26 |
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| CN202311148531.0A Pending CN117308893A (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2018-04-01 | Working method of auto-collimation total station |
| CN201810279507.3A Active CN108267114B (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2018-04-01 | Auto-collimation total station and working method thereof |
| CN202311147713.6A Pending CN117308892A (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2018-04-01 | Auto-collimation total station with small volume and high magnification |
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| CN202311148531.0A Pending CN117308893A (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2018-04-01 | Working method of auto-collimation total station |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202311147713.6A Pending CN117308892A (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2018-04-01 | Auto-collimation total station with small volume and high magnification |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109737986B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2021-06-15 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Imaging quality detection system of photoelectric theodolite |
| CN112503351A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-03-16 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Thread type leveling mechanism for theodolite |
| CN112965237A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-06-15 | 常州市新瑞得仪器有限公司 | Wedge prism set with adjustable optical axis, aiming optical system and aiming method |
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| CN104613929A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-05-13 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Method for automatic collimation of cubic mirror based on machine vision |
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| CN106482703A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-03-08 | 常州市新瑞得仪器有限公司 | A kind of theodolite with distance measurement function and its method of work |
| CN207923108U (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-09-28 | 常州市新瑞得仪器有限公司 | A kind of auto-collimation total powerstation |
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2018
- 2018-04-01 CN CN202311148531.0A patent/CN117308893A/en active Pending
- 2018-04-01 CN CN201810279507.3A patent/CN108267114B/en active Active
- 2018-04-01 CN CN202311147713.6A patent/CN117308892A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2612962Y (en) * | 2003-05-21 | 2004-04-21 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Optical system for autocollimator |
| CN203069175U (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-07-17 | 北京博飞仪器股份有限公司 | Self-collimation electronic theodolite |
| CN104613929A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-05-13 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Method for automatic collimation of cubic mirror based on machine vision |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108267114A (en) | 2018-07-10 |
| CN117308892A (en) | 2023-12-29 |
| CN117308893A (en) | 2023-12-29 |
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