CN207924244U - A kind of autocollimator - Google Patents

A kind of autocollimator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN207924244U
CN207924244U CN201820446307.8U CN201820446307U CN207924244U CN 207924244 U CN207924244 U CN 207924244U CN 201820446307 U CN201820446307 U CN 201820446307U CN 207924244 U CN207924244 U CN 207924244U
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light
prism
light source
reflector
lens
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CN201820446307.8U
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黄丽俐
丁家巍
童远见
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CHANGZHOU XINRUIDE INSTRUMENT Co Ltd
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CHANGZHOU XINRUIDE INSTRUMENT Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model is related to a kind of autocollimators, the autocollimator includes telescopic system, incident light source system and coaxially indicates light-source system, it is matched using coaxial instruction light-source system and incident light source system, it is coaxial to indicate that light source is projected by the center of object lens, it can be achieved that precisely coaxial instruction;Only medium full-reflection head is coaxially disposed with telescopic system in coaxial instruction light-source system, can substantially reduce the volume of telescopic system;When system uses range-measurement system, the coaxial laser for indicating that light-source system is sent out is alternatively arranged as the transmitting light source of range-measurement system, realizes ranging and auto-collimation dual function.

Description

A kind of autocollimator
Technical field
The utility model is related to technical field of measuring equipment, especially a kind of autocollimator.
Background technology
In the prior art, autocollimator is the dimensional measuring instrument that minute angle is measured using optical autocollimating principle.Light Learning auto-collimation principle is:Light through object lens by after the graticle of focal plane of lens, forming directional light, directional light is vertical It is reflected in the speculum or reflector of optical axis, then by forming graticle graticule picture and graticule weight after object lens on focal plane It closes, as soon as when speculum or the reflector inclination minute angle angles β, reflected light beam tilts 2 angles β.Due to graticle Different with the position of each optical element, structure, autocollimatic instrument has following three kinds of basic light paths:A) Gaussian autocollimator, light path Structure as shown in Figure 1, including being placed in eyepiece 2, spectroscope 91, graticle 90, object lens 7 and reflector 8 in same optical axis, and by Incident light source 4 provides incident light, and the advantages of above-mentioned autocollimator is that 2 visual field of eyepiece is not blocked, and the delineation on graticle 90 It is hit exactly positioned at visual field, observation is convenient;B) Abbe type autocollimator, light channel structure is as shown in Fig. 2, including being placed in same optical axis Eyepiece 2, graticle 90, object lens 7 and reflector 8, and offer incident light is matched by incident light source 4 and prism 92, it is above-mentioned from The advantages of collimator is that luminous intensity is big, and luminance loss is small, the disadvantage is that 2 visual field of eyepiece, which is glued prism 92, has blocked half, and because The direction of emergent light and incident light is different, and after the distance between reflector 8 and object lens 7 is more than certain numerical value, reflection light is just not Object lens 7 can be entered to be imaged, therefore operating distance is shorter;c)Double graduation template autocollimators, including the mesh that is placed in same optical axis Mirror 2, eyepiece graticule 93, block prism 24, object lens 7 and reflector 8, and offer is matched by incident light source 4 and graticle 90 The advantages of incident light, above-mentioned autocollimator is that 2 visual field of eyepiece is not blocked, and groove is located at visual field center, and 2 focal length of eyepiece is short, can Larger enlargement ratio, and 4 interchanging positions of eyepiece 2 and incident light source are obtained, are brought convenience to using;Since incident light source passes through Object lens dissipate after projecting, therefore above system generally existing is not easy the problem being aligned, and causes adjustment time long, less efficient.
Utility model content
It coaxial instruction laser is provided, improves regulated efficiency the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of Autocollimator.
In order to solve the above technical problems, autocollimator provided by the utility model, including:Telescopic system, incident light source System and coaxial instruction light-source system, the telescopic system includes the object lens, focusing lens, block prism being placed in same optical axis And observation eyepiece, image rotation prism and eyepiece graticule, the incident light source system are set between the observation eyepiece and block prism System includes the light source being arranged perpendicular to telescopic system optical axis and auto-collimation graticle, and the coaxial instruction light-source system includes swashing Light instruction light source, medium are all-trans mating plate, collimation lens and medium full-reflection head, and the medium full-reflection head is placed in the object lens Center, the collimation lens are arranged perpendicular to telescopic system optical axis, the instruction launched of the laser designation light source of when use Laser enters medium across collimation lens after medium is all-trans mating plate and is all-trans shaven head, is penetrated along the center of object lens by the medium shaven head that is all-trans Go out to reach reflector, plays coaxial aiming direction-pointing function;Since with coaxial laser direction-pointing function, observer can be quickly found out far The smaller reflecting prism in place, closes laser designation light source, and after opening auto-collimation light source, the cross datum line of auto-collimation graticle exists The light that light source is sent out reaches reflector through auto-collimation graticle, block prism, focusing lens, object lens so that auto-collimation cross benchmark Line reaches the imaging at reflector back reflection and reaches eyepiece graticule through object lens, focusing lens, block prism, image rotation prism again, sees The person of examining is it is observed that eyepiece confirms the deviation of the cross datum line and the datum line on eyepiece graticule that are reflected back, adjusting telescope system The optical axis angle of system, it is ensured that incident ray is vertically arranged with reflector.
Further, autocollimator further includes cmos image processing system and display screen, which includes Processor, cmos image sensor, receive reflecting piece, receive Amici prism, the receptions Amici prism be placed in block prism with Between auto-collimation graticle, so that imaging of the cross datum line of auto-collimation graticle at reflector is through object lens, focusing lens, vertical Square glass prism, which reaches, receives Amici prism, is reflected by reception Amici prism and receives reflecting piece and cmos image sensor, processor It is electrically connected with display screen, cmos image sensor, the position of the cross datum line picture returned is read simultaneously by cmos image sensor Feed back to processor, calculated by processor and be delivered to display screen after deviation post and shown, realize cross datum line as Automatic detection aims at without observation in real time and reads data.
Further, autocollimator further includes range-measurement system, which includes locater plate, reception optical fiber, receives dim light Piece, receiving lens group, reflective prism and ranging reflector, the ranging reflector be placed in the object lens and the focusing lens it Between, the reflective prism is arranged close to the medium full-reflection head, coaxially to indicate the laser designation light of light-source system when use Transmitting light source of the source as ranging, transmitting light source transmitting laser eyepiece object it is reflective after, reflection light pass through object lens reach ranging The light of reflector, the reflection of ranging reflector passes through receiving lens group after reflective prism and receives light damping plate, and received light Fibre is sent to locater plate, realizes distance measurement function.
Further, autocollimator further includes upper casing and leveling pedestal, and the bottom end of the upper casing turns with the leveling pedestal Dynamic cooperation, so that the upper casing can be rotated around the leveling pedestal.
Further, autocollimator further includes pedestal, and pipe spirit level is arranged on the upper casing, and the leveling pedestal is in triangle Shape is arranged, and liftable pedestal foot screw is arranged between the bottom end and the pedestal of each apex angle of leveling pedestal, by adjusting base The lifting of seat leg spiral makes leveling pedestal and upper casing be in horizontality.
Further, autocollimator further includes telescopic system mounting base, the both sides of the telescopic system mounting base and upper machine Shell pivotal fit, so that the telescopic system mounting base is rotatably arranged, convenient for carrying out rotation adjusting to telescopic system.
Further, the top setting of the telescopic system mounting base slightly takes aim at device, convenient for being directed toward setting target in the distance The reflector at place, progress slightly take aim at observation.
Further, the image rotation prism be Abbe roof prism or general sieve prism, it is simple in structure, telescopic system can be reduced Volume.
Further, the light source and laser designation light source are laser light source or LED light source, and monochromaticjty is good, high directivity, light Brightness is high.
The technique effect of utility model:(1)The autocollimator of the utility model, compared with the existing technology, using using increasing Intense light source system and incident light source system match coaxial laser instruction and auto-collimation light source combines, and enhancing light source is by object lens The heart projects coaxial laser instruction light source and is projected by the center of object lens, not only can be used as coaxial aiming instruction light but also can increase in instrument and has surveyed As the transmitting light source of ranging when away from system so that autocollimator has distance measurement function, is easy to measure, efficiency is higher;(2)Coaxially Indicate that only medium full-reflection head is coaxially disposed with telescopic system in light-source system, slightly taking aim at light source compared to traditional different axis can be big Width reduces the volume of telescopic system;(3)Cmos image sensor can directly read the bits of offset of the cross datum line picture of return It sets, and is delivered to display screen and is shown, realize the automatic detection of cross datum line picture, aimed at without observation in real time and read data; (4)Upper casing and leveling pedestal match so that upper casing can 360 degree rotation, between leveling pedestal and pedestal be arranged 3 pedestals Foot screw so that leveling pedestal is adjustable to level;(5)The thick setting for taking aim at device, can rapid examination to reflector so that autocollimatic Straight instrument can be substantially aligned with target, reduce and adjust difficulty.
Description of the drawings
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification:
Fig. 1 is the light channel structure schematic diagram of Gaussian autocollimator in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the light channel structure schematic diagram of Abbe type autocollimator in the prior art;
Fig. 3 is the light channel structure schematic diagram of double graduation template autocollimators in the prior art;
Fig. 4 is the light channel structure schematic diagram of the autocollimation theodolite of the utility model embodiment 1;
Fig. 5 is the light channel structure schematic diagram of the photoelectric auto-collimation theodolite of the utility model embodiment 2;
Fig. 6 is the light channel structure schematic diagram of the auto-collimation total powerstation of the utility model embodiment 3;
Fig. 7 is the light channel structure schematic diagram of the photoelectric auto-collimation total powerstation of the utility model embodiment 4;
Fig. 8 is the dimensional structure diagram of the photoelectric auto-collimation total powerstation of the utility model embodiment 1.
In figure:Upper casing 1, telescopic system mounting base 10, pedestal 11, leveling pedestal 12, pedestal foot screw 13, pipe level Device 14, vertical adjustment knob 15, horizontal adjustment knob 16, display screen 17 slightly take aim at device 18, eyepiece 2, telescopic system 20, Observation eyepiece 21, eyepiece graticule 22, image rotation prism 23, block prism 24, focusing lens 25 are coaxial to indicate light-source system 30, swash Light indicates that light source 31, medium are all-trans mating plate 32, collimation lens 33, medium full-reflection head 34, incident light source 4, light source 41, frosted glass Glass 42, auto-collimation graticle 43, cmos image sensor 51 receive reflecting piece 52, receive Amici prism 53, and locater plate 61 connects Optical fiber 62 is received, light damping plate 63, receiving lens group 64, reflective prism 65, ranging reflector 66, object lens 7, reflector 8, graduation are received Plate 90, spectroscope 91, prism 92.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of 1 autocollimator of embodiment, light path system is as shown in figure 4, including telescopic system 20, incident light source system System and coaxial instruction light-source system 30, telescopic system 20 include object lens 7, focusing lens 25, the cube edge being placed in same optical axis Image rotation prism 2 and eyepiece graticule 22, incident light is arranged in mirror 24 and observation eyepiece 21 between observation eyepiece 21 and block prism 24 Source system includes the light source 41 being arranged perpendicular to 20 optical axis of telescopic system and auto-collimation graticle 43, and light source 41 and auto-collimation are divided Draw plate 43 between be arranged ground glass 42;Cross thang-kng groove is set on auto-collimation graticle 43(Also may be used in other embodiments To be dot thang-kng groove), the light that light source 41 is launched illuminates the auto-collimation with cross thang-kng groove after ground glass 42 Graticle 43, bright cross datum line form emergent light after the block prism 24 of telescopic system 20, focusing lens 25, object lens 7, And shine the reflector 8 being placed at distant target(Other embodiment can also be reflective mirror or right-angle reflecting prism)On, instead The bright cross datum line being emitted back towards passes through using object lens 7, focusing lens 25 when reflecting cross datum line after block prism 24 Image rotation prism 23 is imaged on eyepiece graticule 22, and observer is it is observed that eyepiece 21 confirms the cross datum line and eyepiece being reflected back The deviation of datum line on graticle 22 adjusts the optical axis angle of telescopic system 20, it is ensured that light is vertical with reflector 8 to be set It sets;Coaxial instruction light-source system 30 includes that laser designation light source 31, medium are all-trans mating plate 32, collimation lens 33 and medium total reflection First 34, medium full-reflection head 34 is placed in the center of object lens 7, and collimation lens 33 is arranged perpendicular to 20 optical axis of telescopic system, uses When the instruction laser launched of laser designation light source 31 pass through collimation lens 33 to be all-trans into medium after medium is all-trans mating plate 32 Shaven head 34, being all-trans by medium, along the center of object lens 7, injection reaches reflector 8 to shaven head 34 so that laser designation light source 31 was sent out Instruction laser coaxially reaches reflector 8 with emergent light, realizes that precisely instruction function, the setting of focusing lens 25 can easily adjust sight Examine distance and readability.Coaxial instruction light-source system and incident light source system are simultaneously not provided on the same line, can be reduced The volume of collimator is additionally provided with angle measurement unit, dense ball bearing shafting and biaxial compensator in autocollimator so that the autocollimator can be made It is used for autocollimation theodolite.
Preferably, autocollimator further includes telescopic system mounting base 10, upper casing 1, leveling pedestal 12, such as Fig. 8 institutes Show, telescopic system 20 is placed in telescopic system mounting base 10, and both sides and the upper casing 1 of telescopic system mounting base 10 are pivotally connected Cooperation, so that telescopic system mounting base 10 is rotatably arranged, convenient for carrying out rotation adjusting, upper casing 1 to telescopic system 20 Upper setting horizontal adjustment knob 16, the rotational angle for controlling upper casing 1;The bottom end of upper casing 1 is through pivot, motor and leveling Pedestal 12 is rotatably assorted, so that upper casing 1 can pivoting around leveling pedestal 12;Vertical adjustment knob is set on upper casing 1 15, the rotational angle for controlling telescopic system mounting base 10.
Preferably, autocollimator further includes pedestal 11, pipe spirit level 14 is set, leveling pedestal 12 is in three on upper casing 1 Angular setting is arranged liftable pedestal foot screw 13 between the bottom end and pedestal 11 of 12 each apex angle of leveling pedestal, passes through tune The lifting of section pedestal foot screw 13 makes leveling pedestal 12 and upper casing 1 be in horizontality.
Preferably, the top setting of telescopic system mounting base 10 slightly takes aim at device 18, convenient for target in the distance is arranged The reflector 8 at place is slightly taken aim at observation.
Preferably, image rotation prism 23 is Abbe roof prism or general sieve prism, and it is simple in structure, telescopic system can be reduced Volume.
Preferably, light source 41 and laser designation light source 31 are laser light source or LED light source, monochromaticjty is good, high directivity, Brightness is high.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, the autocollimator of the embodiment further includes cmos image processing system and display screen 17, Its light path system is as shown in figure 5, cmos image processing system includes processor(Such as DSP, microcontroller, fpga chip etc.)、 Cmos image sensor 51 receives reflecting piece 52, receives Amici prism 53, receives Amici prism 53 and is placed in block prism 24 and oneself Between collimating graticle 43, so that imaging of the cross datum line of auto-collimation graticle 43 at reflector 8 is through object lens 7, focusing Mirror 25, block prism 24, which reach, receives Amici prism 53, is reflected by reception Amici prism 53 and receives reflecting piece 52 and CMOS figures As sensor 51, processor and display screen 17, cmos image sensor 51 are electrically connected, and are read and are returned by cmos image sensor 51 Cross datum line picture position and feed back to processor, calculated by processor and be delivered to display screen 17 after deviation post and carry out The automatic detection of cross datum line picture is realized in display, is aimed at without observation in real time and is read data.The setting of cmos image processing system So that the autocollimator becomes photoelectric auto-collimation theodolite.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of embodiment 1, the autocollimator of the embodiment further includes range-measurement system, light path system such as Fig. 6 institutes Show, which includes locater plate 61, reception optical fiber 62, reception light damping plate 63, receiving lens group 64, reflective prism 65 and survey Away from reflector 66, ranging reflector 66 is placed between object lens 7 and focusing lens 24, and reflective prism 65 is set close to medium full-reflection head 34 It sets, coaxially to indicate the laser designation light source of light-source system as the transmitting light source of ranging when using, the laser of transmitting is through medium It is all-trans after mating plate 32 and collimation lens 33 is passed through to be all-trans shaven head 34 into medium, penetrated along the center of object lens 7 by the medium shaven head 34 that is all-trans Go out to reach reflector 8, the light after the reflection of reflector 8 reaches ranging reflector 66, ranging reflector 66 after passing through object lens 7 The light of reflection passes through receiving lens group 64 after reflective prism 65 and receives light damping plate 63, and received optical fiber 62 is sent to survey Away from plate 61, distance measurement function is realized.The setting of range-measurement system so that the autocollimator can be used as the use of auto-collimation total powerstation.
Embodiment 4
On the basis of embodiment 1, the autocollimator of the embodiment further include range-measurement system, cmos image processing system and Display screen 17, light path system is as shown in fig. 7, cmos image processing system includes processor(Such as DSP, microcontroller, FPGA cores Piece etc.), cmos image sensor 51, receive reflecting piece 52, receive Amici prism 53, receive Amici prism 53 be placed in block prism Between 24 and auto-collimation graticle 43, range-measurement system includes locater plate 61, reception optical fiber 62, receives light damping plate 63, receiving lens Group 64, reflective prism 65 and ranging reflector 66, reflective prism 65 are arranged close to medium full-reflection head 34, and ranging reflector 66 is set Between reflective prism 34 and focusing lens 25 so that imaging warp of the cross datum line of auto-collimation graticle 43 at reflector 8 Object lens 7, ranging reflector 66, focusing lens 25, block prism 24, which reach, receives Amici prism 53, is reflected by reception Amici prism 53 To reflecting piece 52 and cmos image sensor 51 is received, processor and display screen 17, cmos image sensor 51 are electrically connected, by Cmos image sensor 51 reads the position of the cross datum line picture returned and feeds back to processor, and offset is calculated by processor Display screen 17 is delivered to behind position to be shown;And the part reflection light being reflected back by reflector 8 is anti-through the arrival ranging of object lens 7 Tabula rasa 66, the light that ranging reflector 66 reflects pass through receiving lens group 64 after reflective prism 65 and receive light damping plate 63, and Received optical fiber 62 is sent to locater plate 61, realizes distance measurement function so that the autocollimator becomes photoelectric auto-collimation total powerstation.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate the utility model example, and is not to this reality With the restriction of novel embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the art, may be used also on the basis of the above description To make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And these Belong to the spiritual changes and variations that derived from of the utility model still in the scope of protection of the utility model Among.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of autocollimator, which is characterized in that including:Telescopic system, incident light source system and coaxially indicate light-source system, The telescopic system includes the object lens being placed in same optical axis, focusing lens, block prism and observation eyepiece, the observation eyepiece It includes perpendicular to telescopic system light that image rotation prism and eyepiece graticule, the incident light source system are arranged between block prism The light source and auto-collimation graticle of axis setting, the emergent light that light source is sent out is through auto-collimation graticle, block prism, focusing lens, object Mirror reaches reflector, the imaging of the cross datum line of auto-collimation graticle at reflector through object lens, focusing lens, block prism, Image rotation prism reaches eyepiece graticule;
The coaxial instruction light-source system includes that laser designation light source, medium are all-trans mating plate, collimation lens and medium full-reflection head, The medium full-reflection head is placed in the center of the object lens, and the collimation lens is arranged perpendicular to telescopic system optical axis, uses The instruction laser that Shi Suoshu laser designation light sources are launched enters medium total-light-reflection after medium is all-trans mating plate across collimation lens Piece, being all-trans by medium, along the center of object lens, injection reaches reflector to mating plate.
2. autocollimator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include cmos image processing system and display screen, The cmos image processing system includes processor, cmos image sensor, receives reflecting piece, receives Amici prism, the reception Amici prism is placed between block prism and auto-collimation graticle, so that the cross datum line of auto-collimation graticle is at reflector Imaging through object lens, focusing lens, block prism reach receive Amici prism, by reception Amici prism be reflected into receive reflecting piece and Cmos image sensor, processor and display screen, cmos image sensor electrical connection, return is read by cmos image sensor The position of cross datum line picture simultaneously feeds back to processor, is calculated by processor and is delivered to display screen after deviation post and is shown Show.
3. autocollimator according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that further include range-measurement system, which includes Locater plate, reception optical fiber, reception light damping plate, receiving lens group, reflective prism and ranging reflector, the ranging reflector are placed in Between the object lens and the focusing lens, coaxially to indicate the laser designation light source of light-source system as the transmitting of ranging when using Light source, transmitting light source transmitting laser eyepiece object it is reflective after, reflection light pass through object lens reach ranging reflector, ranging reflector The light of reflection passes through receiving lens group after reflective prism and receives light damping plate, and received optical fiber is sent to locater plate.
4. autocollimator according to claim 3, which is characterized in that further include upper casing and leveling pedestal, the upper casing Bottom end be rotatably assorted with the leveling pedestal so that the upper casing can be rotated around the leveling pedestal.
5. autocollimator according to claim 4, which is characterized in that pipe spirit level, the tune are arranged on the upper casing Liftable foundation leg spiral shell is arranged between the bottom end and the pedestal of each apex angle of leveling pedestal in flat pedestal setting triangular in shape Rotation.
6. autocollimator according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include telescopic system mounting base, the telescope The both sides of system mounting base and upper casing pivotal fit, so that the telescopic system mounting base is rotatably arranged.
7. autocollimator according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the top setting of the telescopic system mounting base is thick Take aim at device.
8. autocollimator according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the image rotation prism is Abbe roof prism or general sieve Prism.
9. autocollimator according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the light source and laser designation light source are laser light source Or LED light source.
CN201820446307.8U 2017-10-30 2018-04-01 A kind of autocollimator Active CN207924244U (en)

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CN201721411988 2017-10-30

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108646400A (en) * 2017-10-30 2018-10-12 常州市新瑞得仪器有限公司 A kind of autocollimator and its working method
CN113109551A (en) * 2021-03-30 2021-07-13 海南华盛混凝土有限公司 Concrete collapse and expansion testing device
CN117146130A (en) * 2023-10-27 2023-12-01 常州市新瑞得仪器有限公司 Positioning mechanism based on total station detection equipment and working method

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108646400A (en) * 2017-10-30 2018-10-12 常州市新瑞得仪器有限公司 A kind of autocollimator and its working method
CN113109551A (en) * 2021-03-30 2021-07-13 海南华盛混凝土有限公司 Concrete collapse and expansion testing device
CN113109551B (en) * 2021-03-30 2023-06-16 海南华盛混凝土有限公司 Concrete slump expansion testing device
CN117146130A (en) * 2023-10-27 2023-12-01 常州市新瑞得仪器有限公司 Positioning mechanism based on total station detection equipment and working method
CN117146130B (en) * 2023-10-27 2023-12-29 常州市新瑞得仪器有限公司 Positioning mechanism based on total station detection equipment and working method

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