CN106469919A - Double N-type pulse Environmental-protection charging devices - Google Patents

Abstract

Double N-type pulse Environmental-protection charging devices, belong to electronic technology field, are made up of live part, impulse generating unit, end starting adjustable elements, charging display circuit, end startup control unit, discharge portion, load unit.Vibration in impulse generating unit is the control circuit forming live part and discharge portion pulse charge, when live part opens charging, discharge portion is closed, when live part is closed, discharge portion is open-minded, form the science pulse charging manner of charge ratio discharge time length, after being full of by battery, live part is closed with discharge portion, tiny stream resistance in live part provides maintenance electric current to by power supply, after the present invention is implemented, have, in live part and discharge portion, the function of backing up automatic switchover, ensure that circuit reliability, form the pulse charge put when filling, and impulse generating unit can be adjusted flexibly the time of frequency and dutycycle, conveniently reliable, adapt to different capabilities is electrically charged pond, it is a kind of convenient Environmental-protection charging device.

Description

Double N-type pulse Environmental-protection charging devices

Technical field

Belong to electronic technology technical field.

Background technology

This enterprise has applied for security personnel's product line for the previous period, and this product has to reserce cell, and otherwise when no civil power, protection function will become a kind of illusory, and no civil power when, when being exactly probably the peak that security personnel's accident occurs again.So reserce cell is necessary.And the performance of reserce cell is directly connected to overall performance.

But reserce cell necessarily to its charge maintenance, the scientific maintenance to reserce cell, is directly connected to the life-span of reserce cell, with capacity.There is the data to think, battery is often not to be damaged, but charge improper and damage.Battery in security personnel's equipment, belongs to reserve battery, has particular/special requirement to volume capacity, is equipped with and makes excessive demands in common product.Therefore how to ensure that back-up battery life and unaffected this of capacity are one of problems.

The two of problem are tool repair information statistics, and to general charger, the active part of its internal charge control, such as switch triode etc. are easily damaged, and the fault rate ratio that its generation fault accounts for whole equipment is very big, if therefore this pipe infringement, causes whole machine can not use.Therefore these seem common technical problem, but become the serious major issue of one product quality of impact.

Because above-mentioned reason, for ensureing the performance of this enterprise apllied security personnel product, the live part of this enterprise can not be using the common charging method to battery and common charging circuit.

Its conventional charging method is using single DC charging method, and such method all can make electrolyte persistently produce hydrogen or oxygen gas, under the high pressure effect internally of its oxygen, infiltrates into negative pole and generates CdO with the effect of cadmium plate, cause pole plate available capacity to decline.If adopting pulse charge, and using the method using filling Yu put and deposit, that is, filling certain time, such as 5 seconds, just putting certain time such as 1 second.Major part is reduced into electrolyte under discharge pulse by the oxygen that so charging process produces, gassing rate can be made to substantially reduce, reducing gassing rate can make concentration polarization and ohmic polarization naturally be eliminated, thus alleviating the intrinsic pressure of lead-acid accumulator, the pulse charge of next stage is made more successfully to carry out, so that lead-acid accumulator can absorb more electricity.Intermittent pulse makes lead-acid accumulator have more sufficient chemical time, thus decreasing the gassing rate of lead-acid accumulator in charging process, the charging current that improve lead-acid accumulator is subjected to ability.Pulse charging method charges certain time such as 5 seconds, stops certain time such as electric discharge 1 second, so circulates.This charging method can make lead-acid accumulator in charging process produced oxygen and hydrogen under stopping charging pulse, most of oxygen separating out and hydrogen have been reduced into electrolyte again, this not only reduces the gassing rate produced by electrolysis of lead-acid accumulator internal electrochemistry side reaction water in charging process, and cause the lead-acid accumulator of inefficacy to also have repair to seriously polarizing, after using this charging method to the certain number of times of lead-acid accumulator discharge and recharge losing efficacy, the capacity of lead-acid accumulator can be made gradually to recover.Press according to data introduction but also the charging methods of the double electric discharge of charging not only, or the method stopping filling that charges, not only helpful to lead battery, and some alkaline cells are also helped positively.

But by above-mentioned charging method, conventional circuit is also to there are technological difficulties, because the circuit of routine is not the circuit filling but also putting not only, its on-off control pipe is all the emphasis of fault, if allowing switching tube be in the state of pulse it is easier to become the probability of infringement, this is one, it two is because that circuit has the control filled, and has discharge portion again（Or stop filling）Control, the therefore position of infringement increased one times again, if therefore pressing traditional design, must complex circuit, newly increased trouble point, how to have solved these contradictions, become new difficult point.

Abundant with the modern life, got more and more with the species of the electrical equipment of battery, in addition to security personnel's equipment that this enterprise is studied, also a lot of products, as digital machine machine, mobile phone, etc., the requirement of its charger, also there is the place of this enterprise requirements similar, so the research to charger, not only involve the quality of charger itself, also involve the problem being electrically charged two aspects in pond.Because a little one good charging measures have positive meaning.

Low-carbon environment-friendly should be picked up from drop, should pick up from trickle, is so just beneficial to the permanent progress and development of society.

Content of the invention

For overcoming existing charge prepd to have charge function, but to the weakness that environmental protection is not enough, the cooperation purpose one using controllable silicon and audion of the present invention is to develop a pair of N-type pulse Environmental-protection charging device, it one be to pith carry out double copies the Automation Design, this charging circuit is not allowed fragile.Two is that rechargeable battery is realized with the charger that is charged of maximization that the charge and discharge of science combines, thus maximized prolongation charger and the life-span being electrically charged pond and capacity, realizes the environmental protection of society.

Using technical measures be：

1st, double N-type pulse Environmental-protection charging devices are collectively constituted by live part, impulse generating unit, end starting adjustable elements, charging display circuit, end startup control unit, discharge portion, load unit.

Wherein：Live part is made up of the operating circuit that charges, charging fallback circuit, charging grounded-base circuit, tiny stream resistance, charging permutation circuit.

Charging operating circuit is made up of with charging instrumentation tubes base resistance the instrumentation tubes that charge；Charging fallback circuit is formed with the backup pipe base resistance that charges by charging backup pipe；Charging grounded-base circuit is made up of the instrumentation tubes base diode that charges, the backup pipe base diode that charges, earth resistance.

Charging permutation circuit is formed by several Diode series.

Charging instrumentation tubes are connected together signal input with the colelctor electrode of the backup pipe that charges, the positive pole of charging instrumentation tubes base diode connects the base stage of charging instrumentation tubes, the backup pipe base diode that charges connects the base stage of the backup pipe that charges, charging instrumentation tubes base diode is connected together with the negative pole of the backup pipe base diode that charges, become the common base of live part, earth resistance is connected between common base and ground wire, charging instrumentation tubes connect a base resistance to signal input respectively with the base stage of the backup pipe that charges, tiny stream resistance is connected between signal input and the output of live part, charging permutation circuit is connected between emitter stage and the output of live part of the backup pipe that charges, the emitter stage of charging instrumentation tubes is the output of live part.

Impulse generating unit is made up of oscillating circuit, pulse is adjustable charging paths, pulse charge and discharge branch road, oscillating capacitance.

By vibrating, N manages, vibration P manages, vibrates N pipe base stage adjustable resistance, vibrate N pipe base protection resistor, isolating diode, vibrate P pipe earth resistance forms oscillating circuit：Vibration N pipe base stage adjustable resistance and vibration N pipe base protection resistor are connected between signal input and the base stage of vibration N pipe; the base stage of vibration P pipe connects the colelctor electrode of vibration N pipe; the emitter stage of vibration P pipe connects signal input, and isolating diode is connected between colelctor electrode and the live part common base of vibration N pipe.Vibration P pipe earth resistance is connected between colelctor electrode and the ground wire of vibration P pipe.

Route fixed resistance serial adjustable resistance composition is propped up in pulse charge and discharge；Charging paths that pulse is adjustable are in series by the adjustable resistance that charges, the adjustable limiting resistance that charges, steering diode.

Charging paths that pulse is adjustable are connected on the colelctor electrode of vibration P pipe and one end of oscillating capacitance, and another termination of oscillating capacitance vibrates the base stage of N pipe, charging paths that pulse is adjustable and pulse charge and discharge branch circuit parallel connection；Route one resistance circuit composition is propped up in pulse charge and discharge.

Charging display circuit is made up of with charging display lamp the display protective resistance that charges, and the display protective resistance that charges and charging display lamp are connected between colelctor electrode and the ground wire of vibration P pipe.

Terminate start adjustable elements by terminate start door adjustable resistance, terminate start limiting resistance, terminate start earth resistance form；Terminate startup control unit by controlling controllable silicon anode resistance to form with control controllable silicon, two clamp diodes.

Terminate to start door adjustable resistance and terminate starting limiting resistance to be connected on the output of live part and control between silicon controlled control pole, terminate starting earth resistance to be connected between control silicon controlled control pole and ground wire, control silicon controlled minus earth line, silicon controlled anode resistance one is controlled to terminate the output of live part, another termination controls silicon controlled anode, the negative pole of two clamp diodes all connects control silicon controlled anode, the positive pole of clamp diode one connects the common base of live part, and the positive pole of clamp diode two connects the base stage of vibration N pipe.

Discharge portion is made up of the operating circuit that discharges, electric discharge fallback circuit, electric discharge permutation circuit, discharge resistance, electric discharge base stage all-in resistance, electric discharge excision switch.

Electric discharge operating circuit is made up of instrumentation tubes of discharging, electric discharge instrumentation tubes base resistance；Electric discharge fallback circuit is made up of with electric discharge backup pipe base resistance the backup pipe that discharges；Electric discharge permutation circuit is formed by several Diode series.

The colelctor electrode of electric discharge base stage all-in resistance one termination vibration P pipe, the other end of electric discharge base stage all-in resistance is to be connected with three-circuit respectively, one tunnel connects electric discharge excision switch and arrives ground wire, second tunnel connects electric discharge instrumentation tubes base resistance to the base stage of electric discharge instrumentation tubes, 3rd tunnel connects electric discharge backup pipe base resistance to the base stage of electric discharge backup pipe, discharge resistance is connected between the positive pole being electrically charged pond and the colelctor electrode of electric discharge instrumentation tubes, electric discharge permutation circuit is connected between the colelctor electrode of electric discharge instrumentation tubes and the colelctor electrode of electric discharge backup pipe, electric discharge instrumentation tubes are all connected with ground wire with the emitter stage of electric discharge backup pipe.

Load unit is by being electrically charged pond, be electrically charged pond contact display lamp, be electrically charged pond contact protection resistance and collectively constitute.

The positive pole being electrically charged pond connects the output of live part, minus earth line, and being electrically charged pond contact display lamp is a branch road with being electrically charged pond contact protection resistant series, and in parallel between the positive pole being electrically charged pond and ground wire.

2nd, electric discharge permutation circuit is in series by two or three audions.

3rd, all diodes are face fit type diode.

Further illustrate：

1st, operation principle explanation：

After opening power supply, all units are started working, and wherein live part charge inside instrumentation tubes, the backup pipe that charges, with discharge portion internal discharge instrumentation tubes, discharge backup pipe, have carried out charging work until terminating to being electrically charged pond.The feature one charging is charging in a pulsed fashion, and two is in a cycle of pulse, the oriented charging process being electrically charged pond, also has to the process being electrically charged tank discharge, but the time charged is more than the process of electric discharge.So overall physical process is to charge.Three be charge circuit be through live part charge, be live part be by charge circuit charging instrumentation tubes, charge backup management and control system.Discharge loop is to be discharged by discharge portion.Be discharge portion be by charge circuit electric discharge instrumentation tubes, electric discharge backup management and control system.

Although it should be noted that charging instrumentation tubes and the backup pipe that charges constitute OR gate power supply mode to being electrically charged pond in live part, but the particularity by design measure, usually only charging work Gutron electricity work, and the backup pipe that charges is in open-circuit condition, once but charging instrumentation tubes are damaged, the backup pipe that charges will automatically engage energising work.

In the same manner, although it should be noted that discharge portion in electric discharge instrumentation tubes with electric discharge backup pipe to be electrically charged pond constitute OR gate to be electrically charged pond formed discharge mode, but the particularity by design measure, usually only electric discharge instrumentation tubes energising work, and the backup pipe that discharges is in open-circuit condition, but once electric discharge instrumentation tubes are damaged, pipe will be automatically engaged energising work by electric discharge charging backup units.

In charging process, because the work of impulse generating unit, it constantly controls live part two audion to be in open and off-state, and what therefore charge circuit produced is pulse current.

In charging process, because the work of impulse generating unit, it also constantly controls discharge portion two audion to be in and open and off-state, so within the cycle during pulse charge, the effect of generation is to charge again in special form of discharging.But the present invention also devises electric discharge excision switch（In Fig. 2 15.5）, allow the base stage shorted to earth of discharge portion, this is partially in excision state, and only becomes the single form using pulse charge, thus increased flexible selectivity.

The charge rule coexisting in charge and discharge is, after opening power supply, impulse generating unit is started working, within a cycle of pulse, when vibrating the output of N pipe and being high-order, open to being electrically charged pond charging in charging two audion of live part, two audions simultaneously exporting because of vibration P pipe in low level discharge portion cut out, otherwise charging instrumentation tubes are closed when vibrating N pipe output low level, now the high-order discharge diode of vibration P pipe output opens the process of being in.Because, within a cycle of pulse, the time of charging is long, and the time discharged is short, so charging process is in pulse charge state.Such charging modes are conducive to the scientific maintenance to battery, also have a certain degree of restitution to the pond that is electrically charged of partial destruction simultaneously.

When being electrically charged pond and being not in contact with, this part display lamp does not work, because the electric current of this part display lamp, when not plugging alternating current, is derived only from battery.Now, it is electrically charged pond by reminding user should clip.When being electrically charged cell voltage and being low, because sampling voltage can not open the threshold values of stopping, whole unit is in charged state.When be electrically charged pond charge put in place after because the output of charging outfan is high-order, arrived the threshold values stopping, this threshold values is control controllable silicon（In Fig. 2 14.2）Triggering threshold voltage, after controlling control machines saturation conduction, a road output is base stage clamper to live part two audion, allows live part to quit work, becomes open-circuit condition.No longer it is charged function.Clamper impulse generating unit in another road vibrates the base stage of N pipe, allows discharge portion to quit work, becomes open-circuit condition.Stop electric discharge.

Now connected tiny stream resistance（In 2 2.1）There is provided the tiny stream electric current of required maintenance to being electrically charged pond.

2nd, line feature analysis：

（1）, terminate start adjustable elements.

This unit by terminate start door adjustable resistance（In 2 13.1）, terminate start limiting resistance（In 2 13.2）, terminate start earth resistance（In 2 13.3）Composition.

The end terminating to start adjustable elements starts door adjustable resistance（In 2 13.1）Neatly sampling voltage can be adjusted, and because series connection finishes does up dynamic limiting resistance（In 2 13.2）, so excessive deviation will not be produced in debugging process.Due to controlling controllable silicon（In Fig. 2 14.2）Triggering is sensitive, so this circuit extremely mates with controlling controllable silicon.It terminates to start earth resistance（In 2 13.3）Play different effect, one is and end starting door adjustable resistance, end starting limiting resistance partial pressure, and to trigger control controllable silicon, two is the sensitivity adjustment that this resistance is also control controllable silicon exits saturation, and being adjusted so as to of this value ought.Control controllable silicon can be made to have excellent triggering and exit saturation performance.

（2）, terminate startup control unit.

This unit is by controlling controllable silicon（In Fig. 2 14.2）, terminate start controllable silicon anode resistance（In Fig. 2 14.1）, two clamp diode compositions.

Active amplification part in this unit adopts controllable silicon, mainly has the benefit of several respects using controllable silicon, and one is after the magnitude of voltage terminating to start adjustable elements crosses valve, controls controllable silicon to overturn immediately, because this element has strong positive feedback, thus performance is good.Two is that silicon controlled threshold values is obvious.Three is simple in circuits, more simplifies than traditional comparison discharger circuit.Four is to control silicon controlled applied voltage scope to be far above integrated circuit, so electric property is more preferable.Five is relatively more cheap.If six is to adopt traditional comparison amplifier in the present invention, create new active part kind, be unfavorable for producing in batches, waste IC interior resource simultaneously.

（3）, charging display unit.

When impulse generating unit works, vibration P pipe（In Fig. 2 7.5）When colelctor electrode has output, encourage charging display lamp（In Fig. 2 12.2）Luminous.At the end of charging, failure of oscillation, vibration P pipe collector no exports, and represents that charging terminates.

（4）, impulse generating unit.

The feature of this unit is mainly clapp oscillator, has frequency adjustment in this circuit, with dutycycle adjustment.

Impulse generating unit.There are 3 points of effects in the present invention, one is to control live part by isolating diode, makes the form of charging become the form of pulse charge.Two is by the vibration P pipe in oscillating circuit（In Fig. 2 7.5）Control discharge portion, make in charging overall process, complex form of realizing discharging in charging.Three is the regulation realizing dutycycle.Make the overall process of charging, in the recombination process realizing charge and discharge again, remain optimal allocation proportion.

A, the advantage forming the principle vibrating.

This unit of the present invention is by vibration N pipe（In Fig. 2 7.4）With vibration P pipe（In Fig. 2 7.5）The complementary type oscillating circuit of composition, oscillating capacitance（In Fig. 2 11）And pulse charge and discharge branch road is collectively constituted with pulse charge branch road.Wherein pulse charge props up route steering diode（In Fig. 2 8.3）, charging adjustable resistance（In Fig. 2 8.1）With charging paths limiting resistance（In Fig. 2 8.2）Collectively constitute.The principle being formed is when vibrating P pipe collector and having output, arrives the base stage of vibration N pipe by charge and discharge branch road and charging paths and oscillating capacitance, thus the base current of vibration N pipe is bigger, followed by and make vibration P pipe have bigger output, thus the strong positive feedback of generation.Thus become the first half cycle of vibration.After oscillating capacitance is fully charged, vibration N pipe is withdrawn into magnifying state by saturation, and now vibration P pipe collector output voltage reduces, and now oscillating capacitance starts opposite direction electric discharge, and its course of discharge is that one end of oscillating capacitance is passed through to vibrate the earth resistance of P pipe（In Fig. 2 7.6）To ground, then reverse bias vibrates the PN descending other end returning to oscillating capacitance of section of N pipe.Thus make vibration N pipe accelerate to exit saturation, produce strong positive feedback.Form the later half cycle of vibration.

The advantage of the oscillating circuit that this complementary circuit is formed：One is easy vibration, reliable, and two is to have in oscillatory process to have high-order output, has low level to export again, and carrying is strong, thus be easy to coordinate with discharge portion with the live part in the present invention.Three is that element is few.

B, oscillating capacitance and charge and discharge branch road define the coarse adjustment of frequency of oscillation.

In impulse generating unit, it is designed with pulse charge and discharge branch road, and wherein pulse charge and discharge branch road ratio has steering diode（In Fig. 2 8.3）The pulse charge branch road resistance of composition is much bigger, so the frequency of oscillation of this unit is mainly fixed by pulse charge and discharge branch road, adjusts the resistance of this branch road, just can substantially determine the frequency of this agitator,（Because accurately frequency further depends on dutycycle, that is, relevant with pulse charge branch road）.The fixed resistance of pulse charge and discharge branch road has played limit value effect to the minimum resistance of adjustable resistance.

C, that this unit of the present invention is designed with dutycycle is adjustable.

The meaning of dutycycle be pulse in a cycle, the ratio of high-order time and low level time.

Dutycycle adjustable line is mainly collectively constituted with pulse charge branch road by oscillating capacitance.

Forming adjustable principle is：When vibration P pipe collector has output, to oscillating capacitance charge when, the parallel branch through extra pulse charge and discharge branch road and pulse charge branch road for its charging current, then flow direction oscillation N pipe base stage, resistance due to the series connection of pulse charge branch road is smaller than pulse discharge and recharge branch road, so the charging current of pulse charge branch road is leading composition.Adjust charging adjustable resistance, dutycycle can be adjusted further.Pulse charge branch road limiting resistance is the restriction to adjustable minima.After oscillating capacitance charging terminates, oscillating capacitance starts to discharge and forms the later half cycle of vibration, the passage of electric discharge is the parallel circuit of pulse charge and discharge branch road and pulse charge branch road, because in two branch roads, pulse charging paths have the presence of steering diode, its reverse bias is infinity, so the main branch road of electric discharge is pulse discharge and recharge branch road.It should be noted that, because vibration N pipe controls the audion of live part, the charging interval is shorter, then the time that live part is opened is longer, so this become this unit dutycycle adjustable be built up in charging paths, and be not built up in a major reason on charge-discharge circuit.Such situation implements to when battery is charged, and the time being charging interval length within a cycle time of pulse and discharging is short, and is the situation charging to supplement that battery formed on the whole.

Because impulse generating unit has, frequency-adjustable is adjustable with dutycycle, so it is scientific to realize relative maximum to the charging being electrically charged pond.

D, the impulse generating unit logical relation to live part and discharge portion

When vibrating the output of N pipe and being high-order, to live part not clamper, the audion of live part has output, and live part turns on, and charges.Now vibration P pipe collector is no output as low level, no exciting current excitation discharge portion, so the audion of discharge portion becomes the off state of cut-off state.

Conversely, when vibrating N pipe output low level, to live part clamper, the transistor base of live part is clamped, and no exports, and does not charge, vibration P pipe collector is output as a high position, encourages discharge portion, so discharge portion audion becomes the opening state of saturation.

（5）, the feature of live part and explanation.

Live part is by the operating circuit that charges, charging fallback circuit, charging grounded-base circuit, tiny stream resistance（In Fig. 2 2.1）, charging permutation circuit composition.

Charging operating circuit is by the instrumentation tubes that charge（In Fig. 2 3.1）With charging instrumentation tubes base resistance（In Fig. 2 3.2）Composition；Charging fallback circuit is by the backup pipe that charges（In Fig. 2 4.1）With the backup pipe base resistance that charges（In Fig. 2 4.2）Composition；Charging grounded-base circuit is by the instrumentation tubes base diode that charges（In Fig. 2 2.51）, charge backup pipe base diode（In Fig. 2 2.52）, earth resistance（In Fig. 2 2.53）Composition.

Charging permutation circuit is formed by several Diode series, is the series connection for two diodes here, although this unit element is few, under the cooperation backing up pipe with charging, plays highly important effect.

Live part is a most important core in the present invention.Its reason be the present invention devise such form can make charging instrumentation tubes from energising be in normal working condition at the very start all the time, and the backup Guan Ze that charges is in " resting state " of open circuit, when charging instrumentation tubes are damaged and are quit work, the backup pipe that charges will automatically engage work, therefore greatly improve the life-span of charger.

Tool maintenance statistics, is exactly to execute the audion of Push And Release in this charge circuit for fragile elements in all of charger.So emphasis process has been carried out to this point in the present invention, with two audions special " in parallel " and the mode sealed up a door, as the live part element of the present invention.

After measure of the present invention is implemented, define such operation principle：Base stage due to charging instrumentation tubes and the backup pipe that charges all is followed by an earth resistance through a base diode（In Fig. 2 2.53）To ground wire, the negative pole of two base diode becomes the common base of live part, therefore, charging instrumentation tubes are consistent with the base voltage of the backup pipe that charges, and the instrumentation tubes emitter stage non-serial connection charge permutation circuit that charges becomes last output, and the backup pipe that charges has been connected and has been only last output after charging permutation circuit, therefore once two audions have output simultaneously, must be that the voltage of the output of charging instrumentation tubes will be above the last output of backup pipe of charging.At this moment situation is that the diode of charging permutation circuit inherently becomes reverse bias, and is sealed up a door and no export.It is the backup pipe no output current that charges, thus does not produce power output, do not produce electrical wear, essentially without damage, and the backup pipe that referred to as charges, also become a kind of special standby replacement pipe, as long as charging instrumentation tubes are in running order, the backup pipe that charges is at " dormancy " state.Under normal circumstances, charging tasks are only completed by charging instrumentation tubes.In the present invention, charging instrumentation tubes are " instrumentation tubes ".After charging instrumentation tubes are damaged, no current exports, and the backup Guan Yin that now charges loses voltage of sealing up a door, and outside output current is it is achieved that normal automatically switch immediately.Charger will not therefore be scrapped.Thus greatly increase the reliability of charger.

Additionally should illustrate at 2 points, one is because the life-span of audion in theory is very high, but the production process of audion itself, and charger on the make to aspects such as the welding of audion the reason, or improper factor in use, so that audion such life-span is challenged, do not reach theoretic requirement, and such automatic switchover work is it is simply that the one kind not reaching the high life to this audion makes up.Two is because two transistor parameters are consistent, is at the on off state opened Yu disconnect during work, so either charging triode operation, or charge backup pipe work, so whole charging will not change.Three is using a pipe（Charging backup pipe in the present invention）For backing up shape, the power consumption of this pipe is approximately zero, and audion life-span and the power that it is consumed have very big relation, so being hardly damaged, and more much better than adopting simple parallel relationship to connect functional reliability with two pipes.

Why charging permutation circuit produces has two using two Diode series main causes, one is that two diodes are sealed up a door and had bigger space, surplus is bigger, two is the sampling part that can become in batch production, when being to check this road no current, this branch road can not turned off table is connected in branch road, because operating inconvenience like that.And directly ammeter can be connected in parallel on diode two ends can.

（6）, the feature in discharge portion and explanation.

Discharge portion is by the operating circuit that discharges, electric discharge fallback circuit, electric discharge permutation circuit, discharge resistance（In Fig. 2 15.1）, electric discharge base stage all-in resistance（In Fig. 2 15.2）, electric discharge excision switch（In Fig. 2 15.5）Composition.

Electric discharge operating circuit is by instrumentation tubes of discharging（In Fig. 2 16.2）, electric discharge instrumentation tubes base resistance（In Fig. 2 16.1）Composition；Electric discharge fallback circuit is by the backup pipe that discharges（In Fig. 2 17.8）With electric discharge backup pipe base resistance（In Fig. 2 17.1）Composition；Electric discharge permutation circuit is formed by several Diode series.

Electric discharge operating circuit in discharge portion, electric discharge fallback circuit, the meaning of electric discharge permutation circuit have three, thus also become one of core emphasis of the present invention.

One is in the overall process charging, and the function of again being discharged, is in a cycle of pulse, when the vibration P pipe in impulse generating unit（In Fig. 2 7.5）When being output as a high position, when live part is in the state of open circuit, discharge portion conducting herein carries out spark to battery.Otherwise within a cycle of pulse, when live part is in the conduction state, discharge portion herein is in breaking closed mode.The reason form such logical relation is that vibration two audion in impulse generating unit assume responsibility for logic function, has played buffer action to two parts simultaneously again.It is allowed to mutually be independent of each other.It is electrically charged pond and is in the state filled not only but also put in charging overall process, in the case that charge and discharge is proper, the maximum that its benefit can be achieved on charging is scientific.Even can allow some electrical properties be in very poor in the state of, a certain degree of recovery can be able to.

Two is discharge portion because electric current is still larger in electric discharge, so still employing the form that electric discharge instrumentation tubes are coexisted with electric discharge backup pipe, when discharging instrumentation tubes operating discharge, because electric discharge backup Guan Yin is in series with electric discharge permutation circuit, create threshold values, so discharge current will be discharged the short circuit of work tube passage, and the backup Guan Ze that discharges is in currentless " resting state ", becomes a kind of standby pipe.When electric discharge instrumentation tubes damage open circuit, electric discharge backup pipe automatically engages work, therefore greatly improves the life-span of discharge portion.

Three be discharge portion base stage over the ground be connected with electric discharge excision switch, increased motility.

The present invention has the advantages that prominent after implementing：

1st, it is to substantially increase the life-span of charger by the present invention one, decreases the scrappage of charger, two is to charge to being electrically charged pond and achieving science, enhances maintenance, extends the life-span being electrically charged pond, decrease scrappage.And both products, either chargeable battery, or supporting charger, it is all the commonly used species of the modern life, so the environmental protection of two kinds of products can be strengthened.Environmental protection no minor matter, so the present invention has positive effect.

2nd, also there is important economic worth, for the value of common electronic product, product as this kind of in charger, under not having famous and precious first material, so first is Value of Science ＆ Technology, second is manually to add expense, 3rd cost being only element, and the element that the present invention is increased is limited.After the present invention is implemented, can be clearly felt that after user that one is charger life-time dilatation, two is to be electrically charged pond life, three is that capacity will not occur significant change, therefore society is bound to accept, and recognizes its scientific value, therefore this excellent product can replace the product of inferior quality.Because, in the modern life, this product purpose is extremely widespread, so significant economic worth can be produced.

3rd, using the charged form filling but also put not only, there are significant maintenance effects to being electrically charged pond, some critics claim that chargeable battery is to be filled bad on the net, rather than damage, and this measure can close the relative maximum scientific maintenance that charges being electrically charged pond, particularly to acid battery.And use such charging and discharging mode, the capacity of battery and life-span can not only be made will not to reduce, or even enable defective cell to obtain a certain degree of recovery, so meaning is very big.

4th, excellent performance of the present invention, one is flexibly adjustable to the ratio between the charging and discharging time being electrically charged pond, is that dutycycle is adjustable, two is the frequency-adjustable to pulse, three is flexibly adjustable to being electrically charged pressure end, so from multi-angle stage construction, adapted to variety classes model is electrically charged pond model.Another important point is jumbo battery can be charged, as long as now the audion of live part and discharge portion is changed to large power triode.In addition the present invention is not also afraid of the advantages of overcharge etc..

5th, easily produce, easily debug, be well suited for minuscule-type-enterprise and produce.

6th, this enterprise has carried out system primary study to this exercise question, and the present invention, after achieving above-mentioned main feature, has following unique distinction：It is not required to integrated circuit, and circuit is more simplified, therefore produce and be easier, enhance operability.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is the frame principle figure of double N-type pulse Environmental-protection charging devices.

In figure：1st, signal input；Square frame 2, expression live part；Square frame 3, expression charging instrumentation tubes；Square frame 4, expression charge and back up pipe；Square frame 5, expression charging permutation circuit；Square frame 6, expression impulse generating unit；Square frame 7, expression oscillating circuit；Square frame 8, the expression adjustable charging paths of pulse；Square frame 9, expression pulsed discharge branch road；Square frame 11, expression oscillating capacitance；Square frame 12, expression charging display circuit；Square frame 13, expression terminate to start adjustable elements；Square frame 14, expression terminate startup control unit；Square frame 15, expression discharge portion；Square frame 16, expression electric discharge operating circuit；Square frame 17, expression electric discharge fallback circuit；Square frame 18, expression electric discharge permutation circuit；Square frame 19, expression load unit.

Fig. 2 is double N-type pulse Environmental-protection charging device engineering philosophy figure.

In figure：1st, signal input；2.1st, tiny stream resistance；2.51st, charging instrumentation tubes base diode；2.52nd, charge backup pipe base diode；2.53, earth resistance；3.1st, charging instrumentation tubes；3.2nd, charging instrumentation tubes base resistance；4.1st, charge backup pipe；4.2nd, charge backup pipe base resistance；5.1st, charge displacement diode one；5.2nd, charge displacement diode two；7.1st, vibrate N pipe base stage adjustable resistance；7.2nd, vibrate the adjustable protective resistance of N pipe base stage；7.3rd, isolating diode；7.4th, vibration N pipe；7.5th, vibration P pipe；7.6th, vibrate P pipe earth resistance；8.1st, charging adjustable resistance；8.2nd, charging paths limiting resistance；8.3rd, steering diode；9.1st, fixed resistance；9.2nd, adjustable resistance；11st, oscillating capacitance；12.1st, charge display protective resistance；12.2nd, charging display lamp；13.1st, terminate to start door adjustable resistance；13.2nd, terminate to start limiting resistance；13.3rd, terminate to start earth resistance；14.1st, terminate to start controllable silicon anode resistance；14.2nd, control controllable silicon；14.3rd, clamp diode one；14.5th, clamp diode two；15.1, discharge resistance；15.2nd, electric discharge base stage all-in resistance；15.5th, electric discharge excision switch；16.1st, discharge instrumentation tubes base resistance；16.2nd, electric discharge instrumentation tubes；17.1st, electric discharge backup pipe base resistance；17.8th, electric discharge backup pipe；18.1st, electric discharge displacement diode one；18.2nd, electric discharge displacement diode two；19.1st, it is electrically charged pond；19.2nd, it is electrically charged pond contact display lamp；19.3rd, it is electrically charged pond contact protection resistance.

Fig. 3 is fictitious load and the figure terminating startup control unit.

In figure：1st, signal input；2.1st, tiny stream resistance；2.2nd, charging base resistance；3rd, charging instrumentation tubes；4th, charge backup pipe；5.1st, charge displacement diode one；5.2nd, charge displacement diode two；7.1st, vibrate N pipe base stage adjustable resistance；7.2nd, vibrate the adjustable protective resistance of N pipe base stage；7.3rd, isolating diode；7.4th, vibration N pipe；7.5th, vibration P pipe；7.6th, vibrate P pipe earth resistance；8.1st, charging adjustable resistance；8.2nd, charging paths limiting resistance；8.3rd, steering diode；9.1st, fixed resistance；9.2nd, adjustable resistance；11st, oscillating capacitance；12.1st, charge display protective resistance；12.2nd, charging display lamp；13.1st, terminate to start door adjustable resistance；13.2nd, terminate to start limiting resistance；13.3rd, terminate to start earth resistance；14.1st, terminate to start controllable silicon anode resistance；14.2nd, control controllable silicon；14.3rd, clamp diode one；14.5th, clamp diode two；15.2nd, electric discharge base stage all-in resistance；19.2nd, it is electrically charged pond contact display lamp；19.3rd, it is electrically charged pond contact protection resistance；20.1 fictitious load voltage stabilizing values are adjustable；20.2nd, inclined limit value resistance in fictitious load；20.3rd, inclined resistance under fictitious load；20.5th, fictitious load audion；20.6th, fictitious load collector resistance；23rd, voltmeter red test pencil；24th, voltmeter black meter pen.

Fig. 4 is the figure of detection live part and discharge portion.

In figure：1st, signal input；2.1st, tiny stream resistance；2.2nd, charging base resistance；3rd, charging instrumentation tubes；4th, charge backup pipe；5.1st, charge displacement diode one；5.2nd, charge displacement diode two；7.3rd, isolating diode；7.4th, vibration N pipe；7.5th, vibration P pipe；7.6th, vibrate P pipe earth resistance；12.1st, charge display protective resistance；12.2nd, charging display lamp；15.1, discharge resistance；15.2nd, electric discharge base stage all-in resistance；15.5th, electric discharge excision switch；16.1st, discharge instrumentation tubes base resistance；16.2nd, electric discharge instrumentation tubes；17.1st, electric discharge backup pipe base resistance；17.8th, electric discharge backup pipe；18.1st, electric discharge displacement diode one；18.2nd, electric discharge displacement diode two；19.1st, it is electrically charged pond；19.2nd, it is electrically charged pond contact display lamp；19.3rd, it is electrically charged pond contact protection resistance；301st, voltmeter；302nd, voltmeter red test pencil；303rd, voltmeter black meter pen；304th, ammeter；305th, ammeter red test pencil；306th, electric current black meter pen；701st, the resistance that detection vibration N pipe base stage connects temporarily.

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 example goes out making and a kind of example approach of detection that double N-type pulse Environmental-protection charging devices are implemented.

First, select element：Charging instrumentation tubes are large power triode with the backup pipe that charges, and vibration N pipe adopts 8050, and vibration P pipe adopts 8550, control controllable silicon is one-way SCR, discharge resistance adopts the resistance of high-power model, and oscillating capacitance adopts the little electric capacity of leakage coefficient, other resistor-capacitor units no particular/special requirement.

2nd, making sheet, welding：Make circuit control panel as shown in Figure 2, and the schematic diagram of map interlinking 2 carries out circuit welding.

3rd, energising checks and debugging.

1st, terminate to start adjustable elements and the energising inspection to end startup control unit and debugging.（See Fig. 3）.

A, adjustment terminate to start earth resistance with determination（In Fig. 3 13.3）, debug the resistance of this resistance, its standard is when control controllable silicon（In Fig. 3 14.2）It is in power-off immediately after saturation, control controllable silicon to revert to cut-off immediately.Its rule is that end starting earth resistance resistance is less, controls controllable silicon more easily to recover.

B, adjustment terminate to start door adjustable resistance with determination（In Fig. 3 13.1）Start limiting resistance with end（In Fig. 3 13.2）；It is linked to be adjustable stabilivolt analog circuit with an audion, replacement is electrically charged pond becomes fictitious load.Claim fictitious load afterwards.Use voltmeter red test pencil（In Fig. 3 23）Connect the output of live part, voltmeter black meter pen（In Fig. 3 24）Earth lead.

Debugging fictitious load, allows the voltage gear in circuit tester be shown as different magnitudes of voltage, such as 6 volts, 12 volts, 18 volts, 24 volts.

Adjust and terminate to start door adjustable resistance（In Fig. 3 13.1）Value, make control silicon controlled anode respectively in 6 volts, 12 volts, 18 volts of 24 volts of values, when all have 0 output, otherwise should change end start door adjustable resistance（In Fig. 3 13.1）Start limiting resistance with end（In Fig. 3 13.2）Value.

Supplemental instruction, it is linked to be the form of adjustable stabilivolt analog circuit with an audion, when the upper inclined resistance of this pipe uprises, the voltage of charging end will increase the bias voltage that just can puncture this pipe, this pipe is made to enter magnifying state, the collector voltage of this fictitious load audion has the scope of a change, thus can be modeled to a different Zener diode, thus can simulate 6 volts, 12 volts, 18 volts 24 volts of value.

2nd, the energising of impulse generating unit is checked with the debugging with frequency.

Fictitious load in connection.Connect the colelctor electrode of vibration P pipe, cold end earth lead with oscillographic hot junction.

After being powered up, the vibration figure shows that oscillograph has.

If display is incorrect, possibly element welding is wrong, or possibly oscillating capacitance（In Fig. 3 11）Poor quality, serious drain.

Regulating frequency, the resistance on main adjustment charge and discharge branch road, make shown by oscillograph frequency meet design requirement, its rule is that resistance is bigger, and frequency is slower, otherwise faster.

When vibration N pipe（In Fig. 3 7.4）When being in saturation, two audions in live part no export, vibration P pipe（In Fig. 3 7.5）Current collection extremely high-order.Now charging display lamp（In Fig. 3 12.2）Bright.If two audions in live part have output, upper isolating diode welding is anti-.Otherwise charging display lamp does not work.

3rd, the inspection to live part two audion and debugging.

（1）, logical check.

The emitter voltage testing charging instrumentation tubes after energising respectively with the backup pipe that charges.Method of testing：With the red test pencil sending and receiving emitter-base bandgap grading of the voltmeter in circuit tester, black meter pen ground connection.

The logical check of A, live part and discharge portion.

The as shown in Figure 4 resistance that detection vibration N pipe base stage of shaking is connect temporarily（In Fig. 4 701）To power supply, make the current collection extremely low level of vibration N pipe, the current collection of vibration P pipe is extremely high-order, uses voltmeter（In Fig. 4 301）Check respectively for the colelctor electrode of two transistor emitters in live part and two audions in discharge portion, now live part two transistor emitter and the colelctor electrode of discharge portion two audion are low level.

B, provisional resistance is accessed ground wire, make the current collection of vibration N pipe extremely high-order, the current collection extremely low level of vibration P pipe,

Detect the emitter stage of two audions of live part and the colelctor electrode of two audions in discharge portion, now 2 points of high positions respectively.

Above-mentioned 2 points correct, and it is all correct with the backup pipe two pipe working condition that charges that charging instrumentation tubes are described, if incorrect, is that line is wrong.Lower step inspection can be entered after correct.

（2）, charging instrumentation tubes with charge backup pipe automatic replacing detection.

In the case of charging normal, ammeter（In Fig. 4 304）Ammeter red test pencil（In Fig. 4 3.5）Connect charging displacement diode one（In Fig. 4 5.1）Positive pole, electric current black meter pen（In Fig. 4 3.6）Connect negative pole, now ammeter is approximately zero.

Ammeter is connected between the emitter stage of charging instrumentation tubes and the negative pole of displacement diode two, ammeter has electric current to indicate.

Above-mentioned situation correctly illustrates that charging backup pipe is working properly, is in off-position, the working condition of charging instrumentation tubes is correct, and the controllable silicon that charges is "on" position.It is otherwise that line is wrong.

The emitter stage of charging instrumentation tubes is disconnected, ammeter is connected on the two ends replacing diode one, now the electric current instruction of ammeter, represent that state of having devoted oneself to work is managed in backup of charging.

If it is indicated that incorrect, then it is continuous mistake, or the backup pipe that charges damages.

4th, the inspection to discharge portion two discharge diode and debugging.

（1）, discharge diode with electric discharge charge backup pipe automatically switch check.

By discharge resistance（In Fig. 2 15.1）It is connected on charging outfan.The resistance that detection vibration N pipe base stage is connect temporarily（In Fig. 4 701）To power supply, make the current collection extremely low level of vibration N pipe, the current collection of vibration P pipe is extremely high-order.

A, by the ammeter of circuit tester be connected on electric discharge work pipe collector branch road in, ammeter instruction have electric current to pass through.

B, by the ammeter of circuit tester be connected on electric discharge backup pipe collector branch road, or with the red pen of current gear be connected on electric discharge displacement diode one（In Fig. 4 18.1）Positive pole, black meter pen is connected on the negative pole of this pipe, and above-mentioned two situations should be electric current and be approximately zero.

Above-mentioned situation is correct to be illustrated when instrumentation tubes of discharging are to open, the breaking resting state of electric discharge backup Guan Zewei.If incorrect, illustrate that line is wrong, particularly may weld anti-displacement diode polarity.

C, the base stage of short circuit dischange instrumentation tubes and emitter stage, or this pipe base loop breaking（Simulate this pipe to damage）, now circuit tester is connected on electric discharge backup pipe collector branch road, or is connected in parallel on, with ammeter, positive pole and the negative pole end that diode one is replaced in electric discharge, now ammeter should have electric current to indicate.Its result represents when discharge diode damages, and electric discharge backup pipe automatically engages work.

If it is indicated that incorrect, then it is connection error, or electric discharge backup pipe damages.

（3）, closure electric discharge excision switch（In Fig. 4 15.5）.

Now no matter simulate electric discharge instrumentation tubes to be in and open or open circuit conditions, the colelctor electrode of two discharge diodes should be a high position.

5th, the inspection to display portion.

A, the battery contact display in load unit is checked it is electrically charged pond when installation, and when switching on power, be electrically charged pond and contact display lamp（In Fig. 2 19.2）Ying Liang, if incorrect, be possibly electrically charged pond contact display lamp polarity weldering instead, or be electrically charged pond contact protection resistance（In Fig. 2 19.3）Resistance is excessive.

B, the inspection that the process of filling is shown.

When the current collection of vibration P pipe is extremely high-order, the charging display lamp being connected（In Fig. 2 12.2）Luminous in charging process, after controlling scr promoter, extinguish, such as phenomenon is not inconsistent, be then connected charging display protective resistance（In Fig. 2 12.1）Excessive, or the damage of charging display lamp.

6th, the detection to tiny stream electric current.

Ammeter is connected on tiny stream resistance（In longer 2 2.1）On branch road, debug tiny stream resistance, so that tiny stream electric current is meeted the requirements.Its rule is that resistance more small current is bigger, otherwise resistance more high current is less.

Claims (4)

1. pair N-type pulse Environmental-protection charging device, is characterized in that：Collectively constituted by live part, impulse generating unit, end starting adjustable elements, charging display circuit, end startup control unit, discharge portion, load unit；

Wherein：Live part is made up of the operating circuit that charges, charging fallback circuit, charging grounded-base circuit, tiny stream resistance, charging permutation circuit；

Charging operating circuit is made up of with charging instrumentation tubes base resistance the instrumentation tubes that charge；Charging fallback circuit is formed with the backup pipe base resistance that charges by charging backup pipe；Charging grounded-base circuit is made up of the instrumentation tubes base diode that charges, the backup pipe base diode that charges, earth resistance；

Charging permutation circuit is formed by several Diode series；

Charging instrumentation tubes are connected together signal input with the colelctor electrode of the backup pipe that charges, the positive pole of charging instrumentation tubes base diode connects the base stage of charging instrumentation tubes, the backup pipe base diode that charges connects the base stage of the backup pipe that charges, charging instrumentation tubes base diode is connected together with the negative pole of the backup pipe base diode that charges, become the common base of live part, earth resistance is connected between common base and ground wire, charging instrumentation tubes connect a base resistance to signal input respectively with the base stage of the backup pipe that charges, tiny stream resistance is connected between signal input and the output of live part, charging permutation circuit is connected between emitter stage and the output of live part of the backup pipe that charges, the emitter stage of charging instrumentation tubes is the output of live part；

Impulse generating unit is made up of oscillating circuit, pulse is adjustable charging paths, pulse charge and discharge branch road, oscillating capacitance；

By vibrating, N manages, vibration P manages, vibrates N pipe base stage adjustable resistance, vibrate N pipe base protection resistor, isolating diode, vibrate P pipe earth resistance forms oscillating circuit：Vibration N pipe base stage adjustable resistance and vibration N pipe base protection resistor are connected between signal input and the base stage of vibration N pipe; the base stage of vibration P pipe connects the colelctor electrode of vibration N pipe; the emitter stage of vibration P pipe connects signal input, and isolating diode is connected between colelctor electrode and the live part common base of vibration N pipe.

2. vibration P pipe earth resistance is connected between colelctor electrode and the ground wire of vibration P pipe；

Route fixed resistance serial adjustable resistance composition is propped up in pulse charge and discharge；Charging paths that pulse is adjustable are in series by the adjustable resistance that charges, the adjustable limiting resistance that charges, steering diode；

Charging paths that pulse is adjustable are connected on the colelctor electrode of vibration P pipe and one end of oscillating capacitance, and another termination of oscillating capacitance vibrates the base stage of N pipe, charging paths that pulse is adjustable and pulse charge and discharge branch circuit parallel connection；Route one resistance circuit composition is propped up in pulse charge and discharge；

Charging display circuit is made up of with charging display lamp the display protective resistance that charges, and the display protective resistance that charges and charging display lamp are connected between colelctor electrode and the ground wire of vibration P pipe；

Terminate start adjustable elements by terminate start door adjustable resistance, terminate start limiting resistance, terminate start earth resistance form；Terminate startup control unit by controlling controllable silicon anode resistance to form with control controllable silicon, two clamp diodes；

Terminate to start door adjustable resistance and terminate starting limiting resistance to be connected on the output of live part and control between silicon controlled control pole, terminate starting earth resistance to be connected between control silicon controlled control pole and ground wire, control silicon controlled minus earth line, silicon controlled anode resistance one is controlled to terminate the output of live part, another termination controls silicon controlled anode, the negative pole of two clamp diodes all connects control silicon controlled anode, the positive pole of clamp diode one connects the common base of live part, and the positive pole of clamp diode two connects the base stage of vibration N pipe；

Discharge portion is made up of the operating circuit that discharges, electric discharge fallback circuit, electric discharge permutation circuit, discharge resistance, electric discharge base stage all-in resistance, electric discharge excision switch；

Electric discharge operating circuit is made up of instrumentation tubes of discharging, electric discharge instrumentation tubes base resistance；Electric discharge fallback circuit is made up of with electric discharge backup pipe base resistance the backup pipe that discharges；Electric discharge permutation circuit is formed by several Diode series；

The colelctor electrode of electric discharge base stage all-in resistance one termination vibration P pipe, the other end of electric discharge base stage all-in resistance is to be connected with three-circuit respectively, one tunnel connects electric discharge excision switch and arrives ground wire, second tunnel connects electric discharge instrumentation tubes base resistance to the base stage of electric discharge instrumentation tubes, 3rd tunnel connects electric discharge backup pipe base resistance to the base stage of electric discharge backup pipe, discharge resistance is connected between the positive pole being electrically charged pond and the colelctor electrode of electric discharge instrumentation tubes, electric discharge permutation circuit is connected between the colelctor electrode of electric discharge instrumentation tubes and the colelctor electrode of electric discharge backup pipe, electric discharge instrumentation tubes are all connected with ground wire with the emitter stage of electric discharge backup pipe；

Load unit is by being electrically charged pond, be electrically charged pond contact display lamp, be electrically charged pond contact protection resistance and collectively constitute；

The positive pole being electrically charged pond connects the output of live part, minus earth line, and being electrically charged pond contact display lamp is a branch road with being electrically charged pond contact protection resistant series, and in parallel between the positive pole being electrically charged pond and ground wire.

3. according to claim 1 pair of N-type pulse Environmental-protection charging device, is characterized in that：Electric discharge permutation circuit is in series by two or three audions.

4. according to claim 1 pair of N-type pulse Environmental-protection charging device, is characterized in that：All diodes are face fit type diode.