CN204886350U - Pulse timing formula N type charger - Google Patents

Abstract

Pulse timing formula N type charger belongs to the electronic technology, by battery charging unit, and the display element that charges, trickle resistance, pulse counter, the interface unit, the pulsed oscillation unit finishes the timer, finishes the oscillating unit, finishes execution unit, and load unit constitutes, and behind the turn on power supply, battery charging unit is constantly controlled in opening and off -state to pulse generation modules work, so whole working process is the pulse current who adopts charges. Have two triodes parallelly connected with special mode among the battery charging unit, after a triode damaged, another was substituted immediately, guaranteed the life -span of charger. After finishing the timer timing, finishing execution unit and starting, battery charging unit stops to charge, and the pulsed oscillation unit is closed, finishes the oscillating unit and stops shaking, and trickle resistance provided sustaining tiny stream electric current for the battery this moment. The back is implemented in this measure to the environmental protection of society is realized to the extension charger of maximize and life -span and the capacity by the rechargable battery.

Description

Pulse timing formula N-type charger

Technical field

Belong to electronic technology technical field.

Background technology

This enterprise is applying for security personnel's product line for the previous period, and this product must reserce cell, otherwise when without civil power, protection function will become a kind of illusory, and time without civil power, when may be again exactly the peak that security personnel's accident occurs.So reserce cell is required.And the performance of reserce cell is directly connected to overall performance.

But reserce cell is necessarily to its charge maintenance, to the scientific maintenance of reserce cell, be directly connected to the life-span of reserce cell, with capacity.Have data to think, battery is not usually damaged, but charge improper and damage.Battery in security personnel's equipment, belongs to reserve battery, has particular/special requirement to volume capacity, is equipped with and makes excessive demands in common product.Therefore how to ensure that back-up battery life and unaffected this of capacity are problems.

Because above-mentioned reason, for ensureing the performance of security personnel's product that this enterprise applies for, the live part of this enterprise can not adopt the common charging method to battery and common charging circuit.

The charging method of its routine adopts single DC charging method, and such method all can make electrolyte continue to produce hydrogen or oxygen gas, and its oxygen, under internal high pressure effect, infiltrates into negative pole and the effect of cadmium plate generates CDO, causes pole plate available capacity to decline.If employing pulse current charge, and employing is filled and stops and the method for depositing, and namely fills certain hour, as 5 seconds, just stops certain hour as 1 second.Major part is reduced into electrolyte by the oxygen that such charging process produces under discharge pulse, gassing rate can be made greatly to reduce, reducing gassing rate can make concentration polarization and ohmic polarization naturally be eliminated, thus alleviate the interior pressure of lead acid accumulator, the pulse current charge of next stage is more successfully carried out, thus makes lead acid accumulator can absorb more electricity.Intermittent pulse makes lead acid accumulator have more sufficient chemical time, thus decreases the gassing rate of lead acid accumulator in charging process, and the charging current that improve lead acid accumulator can ability to accept.Pulse charging method charging certain hour, as 5 seconds, stops certain hour as 1 second, so circulates.The oxygen that this charging method can make lead acid accumulator produce in charging process and hydrogen are under stopping charging pulse, the oxygen that major part is separated out and hydrogen have been reduced into again electrolyte, this not only reduces lead acid accumulator internal electrical chemical side reactions in charging process---the gassing rate that the electrolysis of water produces, and cause the lead acid accumulator of inefficacy to also have repair to seriously polarizing, after using this charging method to the certain number of times of lead acid accumulator discharge and recharge lost efficacy, the capacity recovery gradually of lead acid accumulator can be made.Not only according to data introduction by charging not only but also stopping the charging method of filling, not only helpful to lead accumulator, and some alkaline cells are also helped positively.

But by above-mentioned charging method, also there are technological difficulties in conventional circuit, because not only the circuit of routine is not the circuit filling not only but also stop, its switch control rule pipe is all the emphasis of fault, if allow switching tube be in the state of pulse, more easily become the probability of infringement, this is one, and it two is because circuit has the control of filling, and has again the control stopping filling part, therefore the position damaged turn increases one times, if therefore by traditional design, must complex circuit, newly increase fault point, how to solve these contradictions, become new difficult point.

Along with enriching of the modern life, get more and more by the kind of the electrical equipment of battery, except security personnel's equipment that this enterprise is studied, also have a lot of product, as digital machine machine, mobile phone, etc., the requirement of its charger, also the place of similar enterprise requirements is had, so the research to charger, not only involve the quality of charger itself, also involve by the problem of rechargable battery two aspects.Because an a little good charging measure has positive meaning.

Summary of the invention

Main purpose of the present utility model proposes a kind of new measure, charhing unit is made to possess backup, namely be in charhing unit, have two triodes in parallel in a particular manner, after a triode damages, another is substituted immediately, ensure life-span of charger, thus maximized prolongation charger with by the life-span of rechargable battery and capacity, realize the environmental protection of society.

The technical measures adopted are:

1, pulse timing formula N-type charger is by charhing unit, and charging display unit, trickle resistance, pulse counter, interface unit, impulse hunting unit, stop timing device, terminates oscillating unit, and terminate performance element, load unit forms jointly.

Wherein: trickle resistance is connected between signal input and the output of charhing unit.

Charhing unit is made up of await your instructions circuit, charging operating circuit, charging switching circuit, charging base circuit of charging.

Charging is awaited your instructions, and circuit is awaited your instructions to manage by charging, charging is awaited your instructions, and the trigger resistance of pipe forms.

Charging operating circuit is made up of the trigger resistance of instrumentation tubes with charging instrumentation tubes that charge.

Charging base circuit is made up of the await your instructions base diode of pipe, equipotential resistance of the base diode of instrumentation tubes of charging, charging.

Charging instrumentation tubes and charging are awaited your instructions collector electrode all connection signal inputs of pipe; Charging await your instructions pipe trigger resistance one termination signal input, the other end is two-way, one tunnel connects charging switching circuit and to await your instructions the base stage of pipe to charging, and another road connects charging and to await your instructions the positive pole of base diode of pipe, and the await your instructions negative pole of base diode of pipe of charging connects the sites such as charging base stage; The trigger resistance of charging instrumentation tubes is connected between the base stage of signal input and charging instrumentation tubes, and the positive pole of the base diode of charging instrumentation tubes connects the base stage of charging instrumentation tubes, and the negative pole of charging instrumentation tubes base diode connects the sites such as charging base stage; Equipotential resistance is connected on charging base stage etc. between site and ground wire; Charging await your instructions manage with charging instrumentation tubes emitter be connected together, become the output of charhing unit.

Charging display unit by charge instruction protective resistance and charging process indicator light form: charge indicate protective resistance and charging process indicator light be connected on signal input and in interface unit interface triode collector electrode between.

Interface unit performs diode by the trigger resistance of interface triode, interface triode, pulse current charge and forms: the grounded emitter line of interface triode, the trigger resistance of interface triode is connected between an output of pulse counter and the base stage of interface triode, the positive pole that pulse current charge performs diode connects the sites such as charging base stage, and pulse current charge performs the collector electrode of the negative pole connection interface triode of diode.

Impulse hunting unit is made up of oscillating circuit, frequency regulating circuit, duty cycle circuit.

Oscillating circuit is made up of with counting oscillating capacitance, series resistance the vibration one of pulse counter inside, vibration two; Frequency regulating circuit is in series by frequency limit resistance-frequency adjustable resistance, and duty cycle circuit is formed by steering diode and duty ratio resistant series.

The output of the vibration one of pulse counter inside connects the input of the vibration two of pulse counter inside, frequency regulating circuit is in parallel with duty cycle circuit, the output of the vibration one of one termination pulse counter inside, the other end of another termination counting oscillating capacitance, the output of the vibration two of one termination pulse counter inside of counting oscillating capacitance, the other end of counting oscillating capacitance also connects the input of series resistance to the vibration one of pulse counter inside.

The clearing termination one of pulse counter resets resistance to ground wire.

Stop timing device is made up of counter, and its pulse output end is connected to end oscillating unit, and its output has two-way to export, and the first via is connected to and terminates the base stage that performance element terminates to perform triode, and the second road series diode is connected to end oscillating unit.

Terminate oscillating unit to be made up of protective resistance, oscillation resistance, end oscillating capacitance; Oscillation resistance is in series with vibration limiting resistance by the adjustable resistance that vibrates.

Oscillation resistance is connected between the second vibration end of stop timing device and vibrational control point; protective resistance is connected between the 3rd vibration end of stop timing device and vibrational control point; terminate the first vibration end of one end access node bundle timer of oscillating capacitance, terminate another termination vibrational control point of oscillating capacitance.

Terminate performance element to terminate to perform triode, charging terminates to perform diode, terminate the trigger resistance of triode, step-by-step counting terminates to perform diode, timing failure of oscillation performs resistance, timing failure of oscillation performs diode composition: the trigger resistance terminating triode is connected between the final output of stop timing device and the base stage terminating triode, terminate the grounded emitter line of triode, charging terminates to perform diode and is connected between the collector electrode of the charge sites such as base stage and end triode, step-by-step counting terminates the final output of the positive pole access node bundle timer performing diode, step-by-step counting terminates to perform the clear terminal that the negative pole of diode connects pulse counter, stopping at fixed time vibration execution resistance and timing failure of oscillation perform Diode series to be terminated between the collector electrode of triode and vibrational control point.

Load unit by being contacted display lamp with by rechargable battery by rechargable battery, contacted by rechargable battery and show protective resistance and form: be connected on charhing unit by rechargable battery and export between ground wire; be connected with by rechargable battery positive pole by battery terminal contact display lamp one end, other end series connection is by earth connection after rechargable battery contact display protective resistance.

2, interface triode, two triodes terminated in triode and charhing unit are NPN triode.

3, charging switching circuit is formed by two Diode series.

4, count oscillating capacitance be two electrochemical capacitors be connected into without polar form, the negative pole of two electrochemical capacitors connects, the positive pole of an electrochemical capacitor connects the output of the vibration two of pulse counter inside, and the positive pole of another electrochemical capacitor connects the input of series resistance to the vibration one of pulse counter inside.

Further illustrate:

1, operation principle explanation.

The charhing unit of this measure is made up of jointly await your instructions circuit, charging operating circuit, trickle resistance, a few part of base circuit of charging switching circuit, charging, carries out charging work to by rechargable battery.It should be noted that only pipe charhing unit interior charging operating circuit and charging await your instructions circuit to being constituted by rechargable battery or door supply power mode, but by the particularity of design measure, usually the work of charging work power on circuitry is only had, and charging circuit of awaiting your instructions is in open-circuit condition, but once charging operating circuit damages, charging circuit of awaiting your instructions will drop into energising work automatically.

In charging process, because impulse generating unit work, in continuous control charhing unit, two triodes are in opening and off-state, so the whole course of work is the pulse current charge adopted.

Not only not only in pulse current charge process, the charging physical process of employing is, there is charging but also also exist to stop filling special form.Its charge rule is, within a cycle of pulse, within a cycle of pulse, when interface triode current collection very low level time, charhing unit is closed, and stops charging, when the current collection of interface triode is very high-order, charhing unit is open-minded, charge to by rechargable battery, due within a cycle of pulse, the time of charging is long, and the time stopping filling is short, so charging process is in pulse current charge state.Such charging modes is conducive to the scientific maintenance to battery, also has restitution to a certain degree to the battery damaged simultaneously.

When not contacted by rechargable battery, do not worked by rechargable battery contact display lamp.

This measure charging terminates to adopt timing controlled, when timing when time is up, stop timing device (8 in Fig. 2) outputs high signal, and one is the clear terminal of trigger impulse counter (6 in Fig. 2), makes interface triode (3.1 in Fig. 2) current collection very high-order.Now charging process indicator light (2.2 in Fig. 2) puts out.Two is that its end be connected performs triode (8.21 in Fig. 2) collector electrode and exports low level signal, thus site such as clamper charging base stage etc., terminates by the charging work of rechargable battery.Three is export a high position with the output of timer to make end oscillating unit make failure of oscillation, and stop timing device output no longer sending out, becomes a kind of self-locking circuit, can not produce overcharge conditions.Now connected trickle resistance (5.4 in Fig. 2) is to the tiny stream electric current being provided required maintenance by rechargable battery.

2, line feature analysis:

(1), interface unit.

This unit performs diode (3.3 in Fig. 2) by the trigger resistance (3.2 in Fig. 2) of interface triode (3.1 in Fig. 2), interface triode, pulse current charge and forms.Interface triode mainly contains two large functions.

One is that the direct current of charging is become pulse current charge stream.Its reason is under the excitation of pulse counter (6 in Fig. 2), through the transmission of this triode, makes the base stage of charhing unit produce the pulse change of height.(when interface transistor collector is high-order, charhing unit is forward bias, is the state of energising, otherwise when interface transistor collector is low level, charhing unit is without biased, is off state) thus make the output of this unit produce the change of height shape.Thus charging current is pulse current, makes charhing unit produce charging and stop filling two states.

Two is excitation charging process indicator light (2.2 in Fig. 2) flashes of light.When this pipe collector is low level, electric current flows to interface transistor collector from power supply, and charging process display luminous tube is bright.Otherwise do not work.At the end of charging, interface transistor collector is high-order, and charging process display luminous tube is not luminous.

(2), pulse counter and impulse hunting unit.

A, its Main Function are.

The feature of pulse counter and impulse hunting unit is not only a clapp oscillator, not only can adjust frequency in the line, and can adjust duty ratio.

Pulse counter and impulse hunting unit have act in the present invention at 3, and one is control charhing unit by interface triode (3.1 in Fig. 2), and makes the form of DC charging become the form of pulse current charge.Two is control charging process indicator light (2.2 in Fig. 2) by interface triode, forms charging process instruction.Three is the adjustments realizing duty ratio.Make the overall process of charging, charge again and the recombination process stopping filling in realization, remain best ratio state.

B, principle composition and feature.

Impulse hunting unit is made up of oscillating circuit, frequency regulating circuit, duty cycle circuit.

The vibration one (in Fig. 2 6.1) of oscillating circuit by pulse counter inside, the vibration two (6.2 in Fig. 2) of pulse counter inside, form with counting oscillating capacitance (6.3 in Fig. 2), series resistance (6.8 in Fig. 2), frequency regulating circuit is made up of frequency limit resistance (6.4 in Fig. 2) series connection frequency-adjustable resistance (6.5 in Fig. 2), and duty cycle circuit is made up of steering diode (6.6 in Fig. 2) series connection duty ratio resistance (6.7 in Fig. 2).Wherein two of pulse counter inside wherein first be pulse counter inside vibration one (6.1 in Fig. 2), second be the vibration two (6.2 in Fig. 2) of pulse counter inside.

Wherein constitute frequency regulating circuit by frequency limit resistance (6.4 in Fig. 2) series connection frequency-adjustable resistance (6.5 in Fig. 2) and can frequency-adjustable be realized.The principle that oscillating circuit forms vibration is, vibration two when pulse counter inside exports as time high-order, by counting oscillating capacitance, discharge and recharge branch road, and discharge paths is to the output of the vibration one of pulse counter inside, be split into the charged state to counting oscillating capacitance, the central point now connected, namely being the tie point of counting oscillating capacitance and series resistance, is a high position.Cause the input of the vibration one of pulse counter inside for high-order, until the end of vibration front half period.After the isolation effect of counting oscillating capacitance makes central point voltage lower than the threshold voltage of door (namely after threshold voltage), the output of the vibration one of pulse counter inside becomes height from low filling, and the output output current of the at this moment vibration one of pulse counter inside carries out reciprocal discharge process by the parallel circuits of discharge and recharge branch road and discharge paths to counting oscillating capacitance.Be now the later half cycle of vibration, until the end in later half cycle, after the magnitude of voltage of central point is higher than threshold values, repeat again the process of one-period.Carry out later vibration.

The present invention adopts the reason one of this oscillating circuit to be that vibration is reliable, and two elements used are few, and three is to set up frequency-adjustable, holds than adjustable with accounting for.

The composition of C, frequency regulating circuit and principle.

In this unit, frequency-adjustable resistance and frequency limit resistance be composed in series frequency regulating circuit, this circuit is also a discharge and recharge branch road.

Vibration two gate output terminal when pulse counter inside is high-order, and vibration one gate output terminal of pulse counter inside is when being low level, the electric current of the vibration two gate output terminal output of pulse counter inside flows into vibration one gate output terminal of pulse counter inside through counting oscillating capacitance and frequency regulating circuit and duty cycle circuit, in this charging process, two resistance values of frequency regulating circuit are far longer than the resistance of duty cycle circuit, but there is steering diode in duty circuit, now be in reverse bias, so now charging current is passed through from frequency regulating circuit completely, so this circuit can carry out coarse adjustment to frequency.Its rule is that the adjustable resistance of this circuit is less, then the charging counting oscillating capacitance can more early put in place, and thus then frequency is faster, otherwise slower.Its frequency limit resistance has carried out certain restriction to the minimum value of frequency-adjustable resistance.

The composition of D, duty cycle circuit and principle.

Duty cycle circuit is made up of steering diode series connection duty ratio resistance.

The meaning of duty ratio be pulse in one-period, realize adjusting the allocation proportion of high bit time and low bit time.

Its principle is:

Vibration two gate output terminal when pulse counter inside is high-order, and vibration one gate output terminal of pulse counter inside is when being low level, the electric current that vibration two gate output terminal of pulse counter inside exports arrive the output of the vibration one of pulse counter inside again through the input of the vibration one of counting oscillating capacitance and frequency regulating circuit, pulse counter inside, formation charge circuit.After charging terminates, the vibration one of pulse counter inside is low level, the vibration two of pulse counter inside is high-order, so counting oscillating capacitance carries out reciprocal discharge process, that frequency adjusts branch road and duty cycle circuit through passage, two resistance values due to frequency regulating circuit are far longer than the resistance of duty cycle circuit, so discharging current mainly passes through from discharge paths.So this is a reason in this circuit realiration duty ratio, another major reason is, the process of electric discharge, after the transmission of a series of, finally implements interface triode (3.1 in Fig. 2) current collection very high, so it is shorter to stop the time of filling, in the one-period of pulse, the time of charging is long, and the time stopping filling is short, meets general requirement, so this is that discharge paths resistance is little, be also main cause duty ratio being built up in discharge paths simultaneously.

Because generating unit has frequency-adjustable and duty ratio, so relative maximum scientific to being realized by the charging of rechargable battery.

(3), oscillating unit is terminated.

This unit to vibrate end counting oscillating capacitance (8.14 in Fig. 2) that end is connected primarily of stop timing device first, and the second vibration end is connected oscillation resistance, and the protective resistance (8.11 in Fig. 2) that the 3rd vibration end is connected, and jointly forms.

The function of this unit mainly contains three, and one is provide pulse signal to stop timing device (8 in Fig. 2) inside, allows stop timing device normally work.Two is to carry out frequency tune, and its effect is with after the coordinating of stop timing device, and can produce the time adjustment that the charging interval terminates.Thus applicability is widely had to by rechargable battery.

Because stop timing device is identical with pulse counter, according to impulse hunting principle, and wherein oscillation resistance is in series as the whole branch road of a kind of frequency-adjustable by the adjustable resistance that vibrates (8.12 in Fig. 2) and vibration limiting resistance (8.13 in Fig. 2).

If the series value that frequency adjusts two resistance is large, then longer to the time of capacitor charging or electric discharge, then period of oscillation is longer.To form frequency adjustment branch road resistance can become the reason of frequency-adjustable.The reason that the cycle that is to say is adjustable.At frequency-adjustable branch road, vibration limiting resistance is the restriction to vibration adjustable resistance minimum value.

(4), stop timing device, end performance element.

By stop timing device (8 in Fig. 2) and terminate to perform triode (8.21 in Fig. 2) and peripheral element forms the executive circuit of end jointly, timing when time is up, main generation three acts on greatly, one is the clear terminal of the high signal trigger impulse counter (6 in Fig. 2) that the ultimate output of stop timing device exports, make pulse counter output no-output, interface triode (3.1 in Fig. 2) current collection is very high, thus end stops discharge portion charging.Two to be that stop timing device output exports high-order, and it is low for causing terminating transistor collector, thus the sites such as clamper charging base stage, makes the output of charhing unit no longer export a high position, terminates by the charging work of rechargable battery.Three is export a high position with the output of stop timing device to make end oscillating unit failure of oscillation, and stop timing device output no longer sending out, becomes a kind of self-locking circuit, can not produce overcharge conditions.

It is that reliable in function, the length of timing has very wide time range that stop timing device (8 in Fig. 2) and terminating performs the feature one that triode (8.21 in Fig. 2) and peripheral element form the executive circuit of end jointly.Two is that timing is comparatively accurate, and one of them major reason terminates counting oscillating capacitance (8.14 in Fig. 2) to have employed electrodeless electric capacity.Three is that peripheral element is few.This part is cheap simultaneously, workable.

(5), charhing unit feature and explanation.

The main idea justice of the constitution and formation of A, charhing unit.

Tool maintenance statistics is exactly the triode performing Push And Release in this charge circuit for the most perishable element in all chargers.So carried out emphasis process to this point in the present invention, this measure has also become an important core of the present invention.

Primarily of charging await your instructions circuit, charging switching circuit, charging operating circuit, trickle resistance (5.4 in Fig. 2), base circuit composition.

Charging is awaited your instructions, and circuit awaits your instructions to manage (5.11 in Fig. 2) by charging, the trigger resistance (5.12 in Fig. 2) of pipe is awaited your instructions in charging, charging switching circuit is formed by several Diode series; Charging operating circuit is made up of the trigger resistance (5.22 in Fig. 2) of instrumentation tubes of charging (5.21 in Fig. 2) with charging instrumentation tubes; Base circuit is made up of the await your instructions base diode (5.50 in Fig. 2) of pipe, lower inclined resistance (5.52 in Fig. 2) of the base diode (5.51 in Fig. 2) of instrumentation tubes of charging, charging.

Wherein charging switching circuit is formed by several Diode series, although this unit element is few, with charging await your instructions pipe cooperation under, play very important effect.

Charhing unit is a most important core in the present invention.Its reason is that the present invention devises such form, charging instrumentation tubes can be made to be in normal operating switch operating state at the very start all the time from what be energized, charging pipe unit of awaiting your instructions then is in " resting state " of open circuit, damage once charging instrumentation tubes and quit work, charging pipe unit of awaiting your instructions will be devoted oneself to work automatically, therefore greatly improves the life-span of charger.

B, produce the analysis of causes of Unit two " ladder work ".

For reaching purpose of design, the present invention is designed with following characteristics, and one is that live part two triode all has and independently goes up inclined resistance, be namely connect for charging valve bias current resistance and connect the resistance of the sub-bias current of fulgurite of awaiting your instructions, its effect is after a pipe damages, and can not affect the working condition of the second pipe.Two is all be designed with an identical lower inclined resistance (5.52 in Fig. 2) to the base stage of two pipes, and its effect is that the base stage of two pipes all has an identical comparative voltage starting point, thus sets important prerequisite for result described later.Because charging is awaited your instructions to manage the base stage of (5.11 in Fig. 2), many two PN joints are wanted than the base stage of charging instrumentation tubes (5.21 in Fig. 2) under same voltage, its reason is that charging switching circuit made by two diodes of having connected, so the base voltage of charging instrumentation tubes to be awaited your instructions pipe higher than charging.Owing to saving lower than a PN in triode emission ultimate ratio base stage, so the emitter of charging instrumentation tubes should be higher than charging pipe of awaiting your instructions, when two pipe emitters are connected, charging pipe of awaiting your instructions will be sealed up a door, and that is to say that await your instructions pipe base stage and emitter of charging is in reverse bias.Do not have output current.So charging is awaited your instructions, pipe is in the resting state that inactivity consumes.Under normal circumstances, charging tasks is only completed by charging instrumentation tubes.In the present invention, this pipe is " instrumentation tubes ".After charging instrumentation tubes is damaged, when no current or amplification quantity are not enough, now charging Guan Yin of awaiting your instructions loses voltage of sealing up a door, immediately outside output current, achieves normal automatic switchover.Therefore charger can not be scrapped.Thus the reliability of charger is greatly increased.

2 points should be described in addition, one is because the life-span of triode is in theory very high, but due to the production process of triode itself, and charger is on the make to the reason of the aspects such as the welding of triode, or improper factor in use, usually make triode such life-span be challenged, do not reach theoretic requirement, and so automatically changing jobs earnestly, exactly the one of high life is not reached to this triode and make up.Two is because two transistor parameters are consistent, is all be in the on off state opened with disconnecting during work, so no matter be the work of charging work pipe, or charge pipe work of awaiting your instructions, its whole charging can not change.Three is that to manage (charging in the present invention await your instructions pipe) be dormancy shape in employing one, the power consumption of this pipe is approximately zero, and triode life-span and its power consumed have very large relation, so not fragile, and more much better than adopting simple parallel relationship to connect functional reliability with two pipes.

Why charging switching circuit produces employing two Diode series main causes two, one is that two diodes are sealed up a door larger space, surplus is larger, two is the sampling parts that can become in batch production, namely be when checking this road no current, this branch road can not be disconnected table is connected in branch road, because operate inconvenience like that.And directly ammeter can be connected in parallel on diode two ends and just can.

Outstanding advantage is had after the invention process:

1, the enforcement of this measure, one is the life-span substantially increasing charger, decreases the scrappage of charger, and two is to being achieved science charging by rechargable battery, enhancing maintenance, extend by the life-span of rechargable battery, decrease scrappage.And these two kinds of products, no matter be chargeable battery, or supporting charger, be all the kind that the modern life is generally applied, so the environmental protection of two kinds of products can be strengthened.Environmental protection is without minor matter, so the present invention has positive effect.

2, important economic worth is also had, for the value of common electronic product, as this series products of charger, do not having under famous and precious first material, so first is Value of Science & Technology, second is manually add expense, 3rd cost being only element, and the element that the present invention increases is limited.After enforcement, one is charger life-time dilatation, and two by rechargable battery life, and three is that capacity significant change can not occur, and therefore society is bound to accept, and admit its scientific value, therefore this excellent product can replace the product of inferior quality.Due in the modern life, this product purpose is very general, so can produce significant economic worth.

3, the charged form filling not only but also stop is adopted, there is significant maintenance effects to by rechargable battery, some critics claim that chargeable battery is filled on the net bad, instead of damage, and this measure can be closed by the relative maximum scientific maintenance of the charging of rechargable battery, particularly to acid battery.And stop with such charging the mode of filling, the capacity of battery and life-span can not only be made to reduce, even make defective cell can obtain recovery to a certain extent, so meaning is very large.

4, excellent performance of the present invention, one is adjustable flexibly to the ratio of being stopped between the time of filling by the charging of rechargable battery, namely be that duty ratio is adjustable, two is frequency-adjustable of paired pulses, three is to adjustable flexibly by the timing of charging voltage complete charge, so from multi-angle stage construction, adapted to variety classes model by rechargable battery model.Another important point can charge to jumbo battery, as long as now the triode of live part is changed to large power triode.In addition the present invention is not afraid of in addition and overcharges etc. advantage.

Certainly, time as commercialization, a wherein part can be got, produce product line.

5 to be connected with each unit science, and have accomplished comprehensive utilization, and thus line circuit is simplified, reliability is high.

6, easily produce, easily debug, be well suited for minuscule-type-enterprise and produce.

7, in this measure, integrated circuit have employed identical pulse counter and makes pulse generation and timing unit, peripheral element is identical with debugging method, same resistance is as the base voltage comparison point of live part, make the logic of circuit very reliable, thus further reduce the difficulty of production, enhance operability.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is pulse timing formula N-type charger frame principle figure.

In figure: 1 signal input; 2, charging display unit; 3, interface unit; 5, charhing unit; 5.1, charge circuit of awaiting your instructions; 5.2, charge operating circuit; 5.32, charging switching circuit; 5.4, trickle resistance; 5.5, charge base circuit; 5.9, the output of charhing unit; 6, pulse counter; 6.0, impulse hunting unit; 8, stop timing device; 8.1, oscillating unit is terminated; 8.2, performance element is terminated; 10, load unit.

Fig. 2 is the engineering philosophy figure of pulse timing formula N-type charger.

In figure: 1, signal input; 2.1, charging instruction protective resistance; 2.2, charging process indicator light; 3.1, interface triode; 3.2, the trigger resistance of interface triode; 3.3, pulse current charge performs diode; 5.11, charging is awaited your instructions to manage; 5.12, charging is awaited your instructions the trigger resistance of pipe; 5.32, charging switching circuit; 5.21, charging instrumentation tubes; The trigger resistance of instrumentation tubes of 5.22, charging; 5.50, charging is awaited your instructions the base diode of pipe; The base diode of instrumentation tubes of 5.51, charging; 5.52, lower inclined resistance; 5.4, trickle resistance; 5.6, to charge the site such as base stage; 5.9, the output of charhing unit; 6, pulse counter; 6.1, the vibration one of pulse counter inside; 6.2, the vibration two of pulse counter inside; 6.3, oscillating capacitance is counted; 6.4, frequency limit resistance; 6.5, frequency-adjustable resistance; 6.6, steering diode; 6.7, duty ratio resistance; 6.8, series resistance; 6.50, resistance is reset; 8, stop timing device; 8.11, protective resistance; 8.12, vibrate adjustable resistance; 8.13, vibrate limiting resistance; 8.14, counting oscillating capacitance is terminated; 8.19, vibrational control point; 8.21, terminate to perform triode; 8.22, charging terminates to perform diode; 8.23, the trigger resistance of triode is terminated; 8.25, step-by-step counting terminates to perform diode; 8.26, timing failure of oscillation performs resistance; 8.27, timing failure of oscillation performs diode; 10.1, by rechargable battery; 10.2, by rechargable battery contact display protective resistance; 10.3, display lamp is contacted by rechargable battery.

Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the frequency-adjustable branch circuit parallel connection small resistor detecting stop timing device.

In figure: 1, signal input; 2.1, charging instruction protective resistance; 2.2, charging process indicator light; 3.1, interface triode; 3.2, the trigger resistance of interface triode; 3.3, pulse current charge performs diode; 5.11, charging is awaited your instructions to manage; 5.12, charging is awaited your instructions the trigger resistance of pipe; 5.21, charging instrumentation tubes; The trigger resistance of instrumentation tubes of 5.22, charging; 5.32, charging switching circuit; 5.50, charging is awaited your instructions the base diode of pipe; The base diode of instrumentation tubes of 5.51, charging; 5.52, lower inclined resistance; 5.4, trickle resistance; 5.6, to charge the site such as base stage; 5.9, the output of charhing unit; 6, the vibration one of pulse counter 6.1, pulse counter inside; 6.2, the vibration two of pulse counter inside; 6.3, oscillating capacitance is counted; 6.4, frequency limit resistance; 6.5, frequency-adjustable resistance; 6.6, steering diode; 6.7, duty ratio resistance; 6.8, series resistance; 6.50, resistance is reset; 8, stop timing device; 8.11, protective resistance; 8.12, vibrate adjustable resistance; 8.13, vibrate limiting resistance; 8.14, counting oscillating capacitance is terminated; At the small resistor of frequency-adjustable branch circuit parallel connection when 8.17, detecting the vibration of stop timing device; 8.19, vibrational control point; 8.21, terminate to perform triode; 8.22, charging terminates to perform diode; 8.23, the trigger resistance of triode is terminated; 8.25, step-by-step counting terminates to perform diode; 8.26, timing failure of oscillation performs resistance; 8.27, timing failure of oscillation performs diode.

Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram detecting charging backup pipe.

In figure: 1, signal input; 2.1, charging instruction protective resistance; 2.2, charging process indicator light; 3.1, interface triode; 3.2, the trigger resistance of interface triode; 3.3, pulse current charge performs diode; 5.11, charging is awaited your instructions to manage; 5.12, charging is awaited your instructions the trigger resistance of pipe; 5.32, charging switching circuit; 5.21, charging instrumentation tubes; The trigger resistance of instrumentation tubes of 5.22, charging; 5.4, trickle resistance; 5.50, charging is awaited your instructions the base diode of pipe; The base diode of instrumentation tubes of 5.51, charging; 5.52, lower inclined resistance; 5.6, to charge the site such as base stage; 5.9, the output of charhing unit; 10.1, by rechargable battery; 10.2, by rechargable battery contact display protective resistance; 10.3, display lamp is contacted by rechargable battery; 15, ammeter; 16, the red test pencil of ammeter; 17, ammeter black meter pen.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 Fig. 2 example has gone out a kind of concrete embodiment of pulse timing formula N-type charger, the detection figure during Fig. 3 Fig. 4 example goes out to implement.

One, element is selected: the integrated circuit of same type selected by pulse counter and stop timing device, two triodes in interface triode and charhing unit are all NPN triodes, terminate triode and select 8050, diode adopts face bonded type diode, and other resistor-capacitor unit is without particular/special requirement.

Two, making sheet, welding: make circuit control panel by Fig. 2, the schematic diagram of map interlinking 2 welds.

Three, energising checks and debugging.

1, stop timing device, end oscillating unit, the inspection terminating performance element and debugging.

The energising inspection of A, end oscillating unit.

One end of electric capacity is connected, cold junction ground connection with oscillographic hot junction.

This circuit is peripheral simple, after having the connection adopting electrodeless electric capacity, can not leak electricity in addition, and after being powered up, oscilloscope there will be the display of vibration figure immediately.

If incorrect, it is wrong to be only that element is welded to connect.

B, frequency-adjustable inspection.

The resistance of adjustment vibration adjustable resistance (8.12 in Fig. 3), make the scope of regulating frequency meet the requirement of design, can period of oscillation be calculated by the frequency of vibration, can according to period of oscillation, and the frequency division output terminal of stop timing device, calculate the scheduled time of timing.

The inspection that stop timing device and end performance element are energized and debugging.

By the fast debugging method be energized to stop timing device unit.At the small resistor (8.17 in Fig. 3) of frequency-adjustable branch circuit parallel connection when namely this method is the vibration newly increasing a detection stop timing device at oscillation resistance two ends, now pulse counter output has the high-order end that terminates to export very soon, first phenomenon is that the clear terminal of now pulse counter is cleared, interface transistor collector is high-order, and now charging process indicator light is put out by bright change.The sites such as the second phenomenon terminates the current collection very low level of triode, clamper charging base stage, so live part no-output.3rd phenomenon connects with ripple device hot junction the first vibration end terminating timer, and be namely the link terminating oscillating capacitance and stop timing device, oscilloscope display is failure of oscillation state, is namely or is a high position, is namely or is low level.Now interface transistor collector is high-order, but after terminating triode clamp, live part output no-voltage.

Illustrate 1, by the fast debugging method be energized to stop timing device, after also going up the little resistance of new resistance, the quickening that frequency is extremely acute, cycle pole drastic change is short, and this causes the very fast resultful reason of the output of stop timing device.Illustrate 2, charge and terminate rear failure of oscillation, mean, output no longer changes, and maintenance this kind of state is started to the charging of new second time.

2, pulse count device frequency the inspection of energising and debugging.

The output of pulse counter is connected, cold junction ground connection with oscillographic hot junction.

After being powered up, oscilloscope has the display of vibration figure.

If incorrect, then may be that element welding is wrong, may be maybe counting oscillating capacitance (6.3 in Fig. 2) poor quality, serious drain.

Regulating frequency adjustable resistance resistance, make shown by oscilloscope frequency meet designing requirement, its rule is that resistance is larger, and frequency is slower, otherwise faster.

Adjustment duty ratio: with the collector electrode of oscillographic hot junction connecting interface triode, cold junction ground connection.

After being powered up, oscilloscope has the display of vibration figure, and wherein an important feature of waveform is that the high bit time within one-period is long, and the time of low level is short, if the direction that situation on the contrary, is steering diode (6.6 in Fig. 2) is welded anti-.

Regulate duty ratio resistance (6.7 in Fig. 2) resistance, make the duty ratio shown by oscilloscope meet designing requirement, its rule is that resistance is larger, and the high bit time within one-period is longer.Otherwise resistance is less, the high bit time within one-period is shorter.

3, the inspection that shows of docking port triode and charging process.

A, by interface triode (3.1 in Fig. 2) base stage shorted to earth, now this pipe collector should be high-order, and the emitter estimating charhing unit two triode with voltmeter has electricity, otherwise is that line is wrong.Charging process indicator light (2.2 in Fig. 2) now should not work.

B, by the base stage of a power sources in series provisional resistance connection interface triode, now interface transistor collector should be low level, measures the emitter Ying Wu electricity of charhing unit two triode, and should be cut-off with voltmeter.If situation is incorrect, then should measure the sites such as the single base stage of charging, if be high, be then that pulse current charge performs diode (3.3 in Fig. 2) sealing-off, or polarity weldering is anti-.Charging process indicator light (2.2 in Fig. 2) light now.

4, to inspection and the debugging of charhing unit two triode.

(1), logical check.

The output of test charhing unit, method of testing: the output connecing charhing unit with the red test pencil of the voltmeter in universal instrument, black meter pen ground connection.

A, make the current collection of interface triode very high-order, (being namely allow power line connect impulse generating unit vibration door one input) now charhing unit should have electricity to export, and voltmeter has instruction.

B, allow the current collection very low level of interface triode, (being namely allow ground wire connect impulse generating unit vibration door one input) now charhing unit should without electric output voltage.

Above-mentioned 2 correct, illustrates that charhing unit logical relation is correctly, can enter lower step inspection.

(2), charging instrumentation tubes and charging pipe of awaiting your instructions automatically switches and checks, testing charges await your instructions pipe test as shown in Figure 4.

Be connected on by the position of rechargable battery with dummy resistance.The base stage of property-line short circuit interface triode, makes the current collection of interface triode (3.1 in Fig. 4) very high-order.Allow charhing unit two pipe be in and open shape.

A, being serially connected in charging switching circuit (5.32 in Fig. 4) with ammeter (15 in Fig. 4), now answer no current to indicate.Its meaning is that charging is awaited your instructions to manage (5.11 in Fig. 2) no-output electric current.Be in idle state.

B, open circuit charging instrumentation tubes base stage, or short circuit charging instrumentation tubes base stage and emitter, the situation that analog charge instrumentation tubes is damaged, now the ammeter of above-mentioned connection should have instruction.Represent that automatic switching function is normal.

5, check by rechargable battery contact display.

After being contacted by rechargable battery, it is bright that correspondence is contacted display lamp (10.3 in Fig. 2) by rechargable battery, otherwise do not work.

6, to the detection of tiny stream electric current.

Voltmeter is swept in trickle resistance (5.4 in Fig. 2) two ends measuring voltage, by trickle resistance, calculate tiny stream size of current, tiny stream electric current is meeted the requirements.Its rule is that more small area analysis is larger for resistance.Otherwise resistance more big current is less.

Claims (4)

1. pulse timing formula N-type charger, is characterized in that: by charhing unit, charging display unit, trickle resistance, pulse counter, interface unit, impulse hunting unit, stop timing device, terminates oscillating unit, and terminate performance element, load unit forms jointly;

Wherein: trickle resistance is connected between signal input and the output of charhing unit;

Charhing unit is made up of await your instructions circuit, charging operating circuit, charging switching circuit, charging base circuit of charging;

Charging is awaited your instructions, and circuit is awaited your instructions to manage by charging, charging is awaited your instructions, and the trigger resistance of pipe forms;

Charging operating circuit is made up of the trigger resistance of instrumentation tubes with charging instrumentation tubes that charge;

Charging base circuit is made up of the await your instructions base diode of pipe, equipotential resistance of the base diode of instrumentation tubes of charging, charging;

Charging instrumentation tubes and charging are awaited your instructions collector electrode all connection signal inputs of pipe; Charging await your instructions pipe trigger resistance one termination signal input, the other end is two-way, one tunnel connects charging switching circuit and to await your instructions the base stage of pipe to charging, and another road connects charging and to await your instructions the positive pole of base diode of pipe, and the await your instructions negative pole of base diode of pipe of charging connects the sites such as charging base stage; The trigger resistance of charging instrumentation tubes is connected between the base stage of signal input and charging instrumentation tubes, and the positive pole of the base diode of charging instrumentation tubes connects the base stage of charging instrumentation tubes, and the negative pole of charging instrumentation tubes base diode connects the sites such as charging base stage; Equipotential resistance is connected on charging base stage etc. between site and ground wire; Charging await your instructions manage with charging instrumentation tubes emitter be connected together, become the output of charhing unit;

Charging display unit by charge instruction protective resistance and charging process indicator light form: charge indicate protective resistance and charging process indicator light be connected on signal input and in interface unit interface triode collector electrode between;

Interface unit performs diode by the trigger resistance of interface triode, interface triode, pulse current charge and forms: the grounded emitter line of interface triode, the trigger resistance of interface triode is connected between an output of pulse counter and the base stage of interface triode, the positive pole that pulse current charge performs diode connects the sites such as charging base stage, and pulse current charge performs the collector electrode of the negative pole connection interface triode of diode;

Impulse hunting unit is made up of oscillating circuit, frequency regulating circuit, duty cycle circuit;

Oscillating circuit is made up of with counting oscillating capacitance, series resistance the vibration one of pulse counter inside, vibration two; Frequency regulating circuit is in series by frequency limit resistance-frequency adjustable resistance, and duty cycle circuit is formed by steering diode and duty ratio resistant series;

The output of the vibration one of pulse counter inside connects the input of the vibration two of pulse counter inside, frequency regulating circuit is in parallel with duty cycle circuit, the output of the vibration one of one termination pulse counter inside, the other end of another termination counting oscillating capacitance, the output of the vibration two of one termination pulse counter inside of counting oscillating capacitance, the other end of counting oscillating capacitance also connects the input of series resistance to the vibration one of pulse counter inside;

The clearing termination one of pulse counter resets resistance to ground wire;

Stop timing device is made up of counter, and its pulse output end is connected to end oscillating unit, and its output has two-way to export, and the first via is connected to and terminates the base stage that performance element terminates to perform triode, and the second road series diode is connected to end oscillating unit;

Terminate oscillating unit to be made up of protective resistance, oscillation resistance, end oscillating capacitance; Oscillation resistance is in series with vibration limiting resistance by the adjustable resistance that vibrates;

Oscillation resistance is connected between the second vibration end of stop timing device and vibrational control point, protective resistance is connected between the 3rd vibration end of stop timing device and vibrational control point, terminate the first vibration end of one end access node bundle timer of oscillating capacitance, terminate another termination vibrational control point of oscillating capacitance;

Terminate performance element to terminate to perform triode, charging terminates to perform diode, terminate the trigger resistance of triode, step-by-step counting terminates to perform diode, timing failure of oscillation performs resistance, timing failure of oscillation performs diode composition: the trigger resistance terminating triode is connected between the final output of stop timing device and the base stage terminating triode, terminate the grounded emitter line of triode, charging terminates to perform diode and is connected between the collector electrode of the charge sites such as base stage and end triode, step-by-step counting terminates the final output of the positive pole access node bundle timer performing diode, step-by-step counting terminates to perform the clear terminal that the negative pole of diode connects pulse counter, stopping at fixed time vibration execution resistance and timing failure of oscillation perform Diode series and are terminating between the collector electrode of triode and vibrational control point,

Load unit by being contacted display lamp with by rechargable battery by rechargable battery, contacted by rechargable battery and show protective resistance and form: be connected on charhing unit by rechargable battery and export between ground wire; be connected with by rechargable battery positive pole by battery terminal contact display lamp one end, other end series connection is by earth connection after rechargable battery contact display protective resistance.

2. pulse timing formula N-type charger according to claim 1, is characterized in that: interface triode, two triodes terminated in triode and charhing unit are NPN triode.

3. pulse timing formula N-type charger according to claim 1, is characterized in that: charging switching circuit is formed by two Diode series.

4. pulse timing formula N-type charger according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: counting oscillating capacitance be two electrochemical capacitors be connected into without polar form, the negative pole of two electrochemical capacitors connects, the positive pole of an electrochemical capacitor connects the output of the vibration two of pulse counter inside, and the positive pole of another electrochemical capacitor connects the input of series resistance to the vibration one of pulse counter inside.