CN204886346U - Integrated form fills charger of putting coexistence - Google Patents

Abstract

Integrated form fills charger of putting coexistence belongs to electron technical field, by the display element that charges, and P type battery charging unit, the interface unit, integrated form pulse unit, counting unit finishes the unit, N type discharge cell, the load is constituteed jointly. The integrated form pulse unit start, the height that control interface unit does not stop changes, interface unit control P type battery charging unit and N type discharge cell, N type discharge cell was closed when formation P type battery charging unit opened, the pulse current charge form that N type discharge cell was opened when P type battery charging unit closed, after the counting unit count finishes, it starts to finish the unit, P type battery charging unit closes with N type discharge cell, trickle resistance among the P type battery charging unit is to the sustaining tiny stream electric current that is provided required by the rechargable battery at this moment, adjustable frequency of integrated form pulse unit and duty cycle time, form the charge time length and the short form of charging of discharge time, let charge time and discharge time form the best proportional allocation, scientific charging has been realized.

Description

The charger that integrated form charge and discharge coexists

Technical field

Electronic technology technical field.

Background technology

This enterprise is applying for security personnel's product line for the previous period, and this product must reserce cell, otherwise when without civil power, protection function will become a kind of illusory, and time without civil power, when may be again exactly the peak that security personnel's accident occurs.So reserce cell is required.And the performance of reserce cell is directly connected to overall performance.

But reserce cell is necessarily to its charge maintenance, to the scientific maintenance of reserce cell, be directly connected to the life-span of reserce cell, with capacity.Have data to think, battery is not usually damaged, but charge improper and damage.Battery in security personnel's equipment, belongs to reserve battery, has particular/special requirement to volume capacity, is equipped with and makes excessive demands in common product.

Because above-mentioned reason, for ensureing the performance of security personnel's product that this enterprise applies for, the live part of this enterprise can not adopt the common charging method to battery and common charging circuit.

The charging method of its routine adopts single DC charging method, and such method all can make electrolyte continue to produce hydrogen or oxygen gas, and its oxygen, under internal high pressure effect, infiltrates into negative pole and the effect of cadmium plate generates CDO, causes pole plate available capacity to decline.If employing pulse current charge, and employing is filled and puts and the method for depositing, and namely fills certain hour, as 5 seconds, just puts certain hour as 1 second.Major part is reduced into electrolyte by the oxygen that such charging process produces under discharge pulse, gassing rate can be made greatly to reduce, reducing gassing rate can make concentration polarization and ohmic polarization naturally be eliminated, thus alleviate the interior pressure of lead acid accumulator, the pulse current charge of next stage is more successfully carried out, thus makes lead acid accumulator can absorb more electricity.Intermittent pulse makes lead acid accumulator have more sufficient chemical time, thus decreases the gassing rate of lead acid accumulator in charging process, and the charging current that improve lead acid accumulator can ability to accept.Pulse charging method charging certain hour, as 5 seconds, stopping certain hour as discharged for 1 second, so circulating.The oxygen that this charging method can make lead acid accumulator produce in charging process and hydrogen are under stopping charging pulse, the oxygen that major part is separated out and hydrogen have been reduced into again electrolyte, this not only reduces lead acid accumulator internal electrical chemical side reactions in charging process---the gassing rate that the electrolysis of water produces, and cause the lead acid accumulator of inefficacy to also have repair to seriously polarizing, after using this charging method to the certain number of times of lead acid accumulator discharge and recharge lost efficacy, the capacity recovery gradually of lead acid accumulator can be made.Not only according to data introduction by but also the charging method of the two electric discharge of charging, or charging stops the way of filling, not only helpful to lead accumulator, and also helps positively some alkaline cells.

Along with enriching of the modern life, get more and more by the kind of the electrical equipment of battery, except security personnel's equipment that this enterprise is studied, also have a lot of product, as digital machine machine, mobile phone, etc., the requirement of its charger, also the place of similar enterprise requirements is had, so the research to charger, not only involve the quality of charger itself, also involve by the problem of rechargable battery two aspects.Because an a little good charging measure has positive meaning.

Summary of the invention

Main purpose of the present utility model is, a kind of measure is proposed, realize the charger of the pulse current charge form that charge and discharge coexists, integrated circuit and resolution element is adopted to terminate, realize the adjustable of frequency and duty ratio, allow charging interval and discharge time and form best pro rate, use timer counter as the time adjustment terminated, make it the battery of applicable various capacity, after enforcement, the charger of the maximization charging of the science that the charge and discharge that can realize timing to rechargeable battery combines, thus maximized prolongation charger with by the life-span of rechargable battery and capacity, realize the environmental protection of society.

The technical measures adopted are:

1, the charger that coexists of integrated form charge and discharge is by charging display unit, and P type charhing unit, interface unit, integrated form pulse unit, counting unit, end unit, N-type discharge cell, load forms jointly.

Wherein: charging display unit shows protective resistance and charging process luminous tube by charging process and is in series, be connected on signal input and in interface unit interface triode collector electrode between.

P type charhing unit is made up of PNP charging valve, biasing resistance, trickle resistance: the emitter of PNP charging valve connects signal input, biasing resistance is connected between the collector electrode of interface triode in interface unit and the base stage of PNP charging valve, namely the collector electrode of PNP charging valve is the output of P type charhing unit, and trickle resistance is connected between signal input and the output of P type charhing unit.

N-type discharge cell is made up of discharge resistance, NPN discharge tube, excision switch, electric discharge base resistance: a terminate ground wire of excision switch, the base stage of another termination NPN discharge tube of excision switch, one termination of discharge resistance is by the positive pole of rechargable battery, the collector electrode of a termination NPN discharge tube in discharge resistance, the grounded emitter line of NPN discharge tube, one termination signal of electric discharge base resistance exports, the base stage of another termination NPN discharge tube of electric discharge base resistance.

Interface unit is made up of interface triode, interface triode trigger resistance, isolating diode: the grounded emitter line of interface triode, interface triode trigger resistance is connected between the output of 555 integrated circuits in integrated form pulse unit and the base stage of interface triode, and isolating diode is connected between the base stage of NPN discharge tube and the collector electrode of interface triode.

Integrated form pulse unit is made up of 555 integrated circuits, pulse current charge branch road, pulsed discharge branch road, integrating capacitor.

Pulse current charge props up route charging adjustable resistance and charge protection resistant series forms; Route electric discharge adjustable resistance is propped up in pulsed discharge and discharge prevention resistant series forms.

The high threshold end of 555 integrated circuits connects with low valve end, pulse current charge branch road is connected between the power end of 555 integrated circuits and the discharge end of 555 integrated circuits, pulsed discharge branch road is connected between the discharge end of 555 integrated circuits and high threshold end, the indirect integrating capacitor of high threshold end and ground wire.

Counting unit by counter with the peripheral oscillating circuit of timing, reset resistance and form.

The peripheral oscillating circuit of timing is made up of oscillating capacitance, protective resistance, oscillation resistance.

In three vibration ends of counter, the first vibration termination oscillating capacitance is to oscillation center point, and the second vibration termination oscillation resistance is to oscillation center point, and the 3rd vibrates termination protective resistance to oscillation center point, the power supply termination signal input of counter.

Clear circuit by resetting electric capacity, reset resistance, earth resistance and form: the power end resetting a termination counter of electric capacity, the other end resetting electric capacity is two-way, and a road connects earth resistance to ground wire, and another road connects the clear terminal of clearing resistance to counter.

End unit is by terminating triode, end trigger resistance, end trigger diode, clamp diode one clamp diode two forms: the base stage terminating triode connects the ultimate output of counter, terminate the grounded emitter line of triode, terminate current collection very two tunnels of triode, one tunnel connects electric discharge base stage control point, another road connects the negative pole of clamp diode one, the positive pole of clamp diode one connects oscillation center point, clamp diode two is connected between the base stage of NPN discharge tube and the collector electrode terminating triode, end trigger diode and end trigger resistance are serially connected between the ultimate output of counter and the high threshold end of 555 integrated circuits.

Load shows branch road form by being contacted with by rechargable battery by rechargable battery: be connected between the output of charhing unit and ground wire by rechargable battery.

By rechargable battery contact display route by rechargable battery contact protection resistance with contacted display lamp by rechargable battery and form, contacted display lamp by rechargable battery contact protection resistance with by rechargable battery and be connected on by between the positive pole of rechargable battery and ground wire.

2, oscillation resistance is in series by the adjustable resistance that vibrates, vibration limiting resistance.

3, counter adopts collector resistance CD4060.

Further illustrate:

1, operation principle explanation.

After opening power supply, all unit are started working, wherein P type charhing unit and N-type discharge cell, to the charging of the process being greater than electric discharge of being undertaken by rechargable battery charging, until charging terminates.

In charging process, because the work of integrated form pulse unit, two pipes constantly in control P type charhing unit are in opening and off-state, so the whole course of work is the pulse current charge adopted.

In pulse current charge process, the charging physical process of employing is that charge and discharge coexists.Also excision switch can be closed, only adopt the form of pulse current charge, thus add selectivity flexibly.

The charge rule coexisted at charge and discharge is, within a cycle of pulse, when opening at P type charhing unit, N-type discharge cell is closed.Otherwise when closing at P type charhing unit, N-type discharge cell is open-minded.Due within a cycle of pulse, the time of charging is long, and the time of electric discharge is short, so whole charging process is in pulse current charge state.Such charging modes is conducive to the scientific maintenance to battery, also has restitution to a certain degree to the battery damaged simultaneously.

This measure adopts timing as terminating, when regularly when time is up, counter output exports high-order, produce following effect to exist, the first via triggers the high threshold end of 555 integrated circuits by end trigger resistance (8.2 in Fig. 2) and the series arm of end trigger diode (8.3 in Fig. 2), thus cause 555 ic outputs to be low level, make interface triode (5.1 in Fig. 2) current collection very high-order, thus P type charhing unit is without biased, and become the open-circuit condition of cut-off, stop charging to by rechargable battery.Second tunnel is high-order because counter output exports, thus cause terminating triode (8.1 in Fig. 2) current collection very low level, the base stage of NPN discharge tube is directly by the collector electrode clamper terminating triode, thus make discharge portion make without bias current N-type discharge cell close, thus stopped by the discharge process of rechargable battery.The vibration of counter by clamp diode one (8.5 in Fig. 2) clamper of the current collection of triode is terminated on 3rd tunnel, makes counter failure of oscillation and keeps existing state, until the beginning of next discharge and recharge.Now connected tiny stream current resistor (3.8 in Fig. 2) is to the tiny stream electric current being provided required maintenance by rechargable battery.

2, line feature analysis.

(1), interface unit.

This unit is made up of interface triode (5.1 in Fig. 2), interface triode trigger resistance (5.3 in 2), isolating diode (5.2 in Fig. 2).

Interface triode mainly contains five functional.

One is the pulse current charge logic producing P type charhing unit.Its reason is under the excitation of integrated form pulse unit, through the transmission of this pipe, makes the base stage of two pipes in P type charhing unit produce the pulse change of height.(when interface transistor collector is low level, P type charhing unit is forward bias, is the state of energising, otherwise when interface transistor collector is high-order, P type charhing unit is without biased, is off state) thus make the collector electrode of two pipes in P type charhing unit produce the change of height shape.Whole charging process is made to become pulse current charge shape.

Two is under the cooperation of isolating diode (5.2 in Fig. 2) and electric discharge base resistance (9.5 in Fig. 2) be connected with interface triode, provides the pulse excitation electric current of N-type discharge cell.Thus produce the logic function of electric discharge.The largest benefit of this spline structure to save an anti-phase triode be necessary for needed for N-type discharge cell.Thus circuit is made more to simplify.Its reason is, this anti-phase triode directly can not be served as by interface triode.If should be connected on interface triode (5.1 in Fig. 2) collector electrode by the input of the base stage of N-type discharge cell simply, when interface transistor collector is high-order, shunt current is just had to flow to the base stage of triode in N-type discharge cell.The ill-effect produced is when P type charhing unit now should be closed, and because there being shunting to exist, P type charhing unit just can not thoroughly be closed.Become and fill two inconsistency put.But after have passed through isolating diode (5.2 in Fig. 2) isolation, flow into the shunting needed for base stage of NPN discharge tube (9.2 in Fig. 2) in N-type discharge cell, can't help the collector resistance of PNP charging valve (3.11 in Fig. 2) in P type charhing unit provides, and change by isolating diode (5.2 in Fig. 2) with electric discharge base resistance (9.5 in Fig. 2) series arm in electric discharge base resistance provide, just avoid this problem up hill and dale.So can decrease an inverted logic triode, but performance but can not be affected.

Three is become complete charge status switch pipe.When regularly when time is up, a high position is upgraded to by rechargable battery voltage, counter output exports high-order, end triode (8.1 in Fig. 2) in finishing control unit, exports low level signal, the high threshold end of 555 integrated circuits (6.1 in Fig. 2) in clamper integrated form pulse unit, thus the output of this 555 integrated circuit exports low level, excitation interface transistor base, causes interface transistor collector voltage for high-order, P type charhing unit is closed.

Four is the expansions realizing voltage and current relationship, because this circuit can be used for higher being charged by the battery of rechargable battery and relatively high power, its charging voltage may be 12 volts as being 24 volts, the voltage that voltage high like this may bear higher than 555 integrated circuits, simultaneously when being Large Copacity by rechargable battery, the base current of P type charhing unit may be very large, so can by expanding after mouth triode, and unfettered.

Five is produce charging process Presentation Function.When interface transistor collector is low level, charging process luminous tube (2.2 in Fig. 2) is bright, and it is very high-order that charging terminates current collection, and charging process luminous tube does not work.

(2), integrated form pulse unit.

The feature of this unit is not only a clapp oscillator, is also designed with frequency and duty ratio adjusting circuit in the line.

Integrated form pulse unit.In this measure, have 3 effects, one is control control P type charhing unit by interface triode (5.1 in Fig. 2), and makes the form of charging become the form of pulse current charge.Two is control N-type discharge cell by interface triode ,and make in charging overall process, realize charging limit, limit electric discharge complex form.Three is the adjustments realizing frequency and duty ratio.Make the overall process of charging, realizing and the recombination process of charge and discharge, remain best situation.

This unit is made up of 555 integrated circuits (6.1 in Fig. 2), pulse current charge branch road, pulsed discharge branch road, integrating capacitor (6.6 in Fig. 2).

Pulse current charge props up route charging adjustable resistance (6.2 in Fig. 2) and is in series with charge protection resistance (6.3 in Fig. 2); Pulsed discharge is propped up route electric discharge adjustable resistance (6.5 in Fig. 2) and is in series with discharge prevention resistance (6.4 in Fig. 2).

Equivalent charging resistor due to integrating capacitor is that pulse current charge branch road is connected with pulsed discharge branch road sum, so the charging interval is long, and pulsed discharge branch road resistance is little, so this circuit and this measure correlation unit mate very much, can realize fine adjustment simultaneously.

The principle forming vibration is, after energising, because integrating capacitor (6.6 in Fig. 2) underfill is electric, so the power end of 555 integrated circuits (6.1 in Fig. 2) is by the charging of pulse current charge branch road to integrating capacitor, low valve end is low level, becomes the front half period of vibration.After the voltage of integrating capacitor is charged to the current potential of the threshold values of high threshold end, the discharge end of 555 integrated circuits exports low level, and integrating capacitor can only by pulsed discharge Zhi Luxiang 555 IC interior discharge tube (discharge ends of 555 integrated circuits) electric discharge.In this measure, charge constant is large, and discharge time is little, so the time that 555 ic outputs are in a high position is long, anti-phase through interface triode (5.1 in Fig. 2), cause the charging interval of live part long, and discharge portion is short for discharge time, therefore the charging interval met in one-period is long, and the logic that discharge time is short.Also because long to the integrating capacitor charging interval, charging adjustable resistance (6.2 in Fig. 2) is namely related to frequency of oscillation, is related to duty ratio again, so charging adjustable resistance becomes " adjusting greatly ".Otherwise the electric discharge adjustable resistance of the pulsed discharge branch road of integrating capacitor (6.5 in Fig. 2) becomes " ditty " that frequency and duty ratio adjust.Also because above-mentioned reason, " adjusting greatly " and " ditty " can be passed through, so can to being realized relative maximum scientific charge and discharge maintenance effect by the charging of rechargable battery.

(3), counting unit.

This unit is made up of counter (7.1 in Fig. 2) and the peripheral oscillating circuit of timing, clear circuit.

The peripheral oscillating circuit of timing is made up of oscillating capacitance (7.5 in Fig. 2), protective resistance (7.2 in Fig. 2), oscillation resistance; And oscillation resistance forms a kind of frequency adjustment branch road by the adjustable resistance that vibrates (7.3 in Fig. 2), vibration limiting resistance (7.4 in Fig. 2).

The function of this unit mainly contains three, and one is provide pulse signal to counter inside, allows counter normally work.Two is to carry out frequency tune, and its effect is with after the coordinating of counter, and can produce the time adjustment that the charging interval terminates.Thus applicability is widely had to by rechargable battery.

Three vibration ends of counter; connect oscillating capacitance, oscillation resistance, protective resistance respectively; upper oscillating capacitance and oscillation resistance can regulate the frequency of oscillation of counter; the time length counted can be obtained by frequency of oscillation; if the series value of two resistance of oscillation resistance is large; then longer to the time of oscillating capacitance charge or discharge, then period of oscillation is longer.To form oscillation resistance resistance can become the reason of frequency-adjustable.The reason that the cycle that is to say is adjustable.Oscillation resistance be by vibration adjustable resistance with vibration limiting resistance be in series, fixed resistance is the restriction to frequency-adjustable resistance minimum value.

Another feature of this unit be oscillating capacitance have employed two capacitances in series without polar form, thus the electric leakage of the larger electrochemical capacitor of capacity can be made to become very little, thus vibrate and very reliably do not stop polarization, relative frequency is accurate simultaneously, after coordinating with counter, timing is relatively accurate, to meet the requirement of mill run.

The Main Function of clear circuit is at the beginning of each energising starts counting, is all formed counter and resets, make the time consistency of each counting.

The function of counter is mainly as follows: one is after coordinating with peripheral oscillating unit, produce clocking capability, once timing terminates, send instruction to end unit, thus shutdown system correlation unit, stop the charging to battery, if now user does not take out by rechargable battery, can not overcharge, because oscillating unit quits work, pulse-free signal inputs.Do not produce frequency division.The frequency division output terminal of counter does not change.Two is when charging terminates, and output has high-order output, and to voice, system provides power supply, and thus phonetic system can send sound instruction, notifies user.Three is that the output of counter can become one of flexible adjustment point of time timing, to adapt to the battery of different model.

This unit characteristics one is, reliable in function, and after coordinating with peripheral oscillating unit, the length of timing has very wide time range.Two is that timing is comparatively accurate, because this measure have employed electrodeless electric capacity as fundamental oscillation element during oscillatory meter, electrodeless electric capacity has higher leakage coefficient, and therefore frequency is accurate, can reach the requirement of mill run accurate timing completely.Three is one of timing frequency division output terminal adjustment points that can become the time.Three is that peripheral element is few.This part is cheap simultaneously, workable.

(4) end unit.

End unit is by terminating triode (8.1 in Fig. 2), end trigger resistance (8.2 in Fig. 2), end trigger diode (8.3 in Fig. 2), clamp diode one (8.5 in Fig. 2), clamp diode two (8.8 in Fig. 2) forms: the end triode (8.1 in Fig. 2) encouraged by the ultimate output of counter, mainly contain three to act on greatly, one is the high threshold end triggering 555 collecting circuits (6.1 in Fig. 2) by the high signal that the ultimate output of counter exports, make interface triode (5.1 in Fig. 2) current collection very high, thus end stops live part charging.Two is the base stages with terminating transistor collector low level signal clamper NPN discharge tube (9.2 in Fig. 2), N-type discharge cell is closed, thus terminates work of being discharged by rechargable battery, three is with transistor collector low level clamper oscillation center point, make counter failure of oscillation, can not overcharge conditions be produced.

This measure has outstanding advantage after implementing:

1, this measure is to being achieved science charging by rechargable battery, enhancing maintenance, extend by the life-span of rechargable battery, decrease scrappage.

2, important economic worth is also had, for the value of common electronic product, as this series products of charger, do not having under famous and precious first material, so first is Value of Science & Technology, second is manually add expense, 3rd cost being only element, and the element that this measure increases is limited.After this measure is implemented, one by rechargable battery life, and two is that capacity significant change can not occur, and therefore society is bound to accept, and admit its scientific value, therefore this excellent product can replace the product of inferior quality.Due in the modern life, this product purpose is very general, so can produce significant economic worth.

3, the charged form filling not only but also put is adopted, there is significant maintenance effects to by rechargable battery, some critics claim that chargeable battery is filled on the net bad, instead of damage, and this measure can be closed by the relative maximum scientific maintenance of the charging of rechargable battery, particularly to acid battery.And by such charging and discharging mode, the capacity of battery and life-span can not only be made to reduce, even make defective cell can obtain recovery to a certain extent, so meaning is very large.

4, this measure excellent performance, one is to adjustable flexibly by the ratio between the charging and discharging time of rechargable battery, namely be that duty ratio is adjustable, two is frequency-adjustable of paired pulses, three is to adjustable flexibly by the timing of charging voltage complete charge, so from multi-angle stage construction, adapted to variety classes model by rechargable battery model.Another important point can charge to jumbo battery, as long as now charging valve and discharge tube are changed to large power triode.In addition this measure is not afraid of in addition and is overcharged etc. advantage.

5 to be connected with each unit science, and have accomplished comprehensive utilization, and thus line circuit is simplified, reliability is high.

6, easily produce, easily debug, be well suited for minuscule-type-enterprise and produce.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the charger frame principle figure that integrated form charge and discharge coexists.

In figure: 1, signal input; 2, charging display unit; 3, P type charhing unit; 5, interface unit; 6, integrated form pulse unit; 7, counting unit; 8, end unit; 9, N-type discharge cell; 10, load.

Fig. 2 is the charger engineering philosophy figure that integrated form charge and discharge coexists.

In figure: 1, signal input; 2.1, charging process display protective resistance; 2.2, charging process luminous tube; 3.11, PNP charging valve; 3.12, biasing resistance; 3.8, trickle resistance; 3.9, the output of P type charhing unit; 5.1, interface triode; 5.2, isolating diode; 5.3, interface triode trigger resistance; 6.1,555 integrated circuits; 6.2, charge adjustable resistance; 6.3, charge protection resistance; 6.4, discharge prevention resistance; 6.5, discharge adjustable resistance; 6.6, integrating capacitor; 7.1, counter; 7.2 protective resistance; 7.3, vibrate adjustable resistance; 7.4, vibrate limiting resistance; 7.5, oscillating capacitance; 7.6, electric capacity is reset; 7.7, resistance is reset; 7.8, earth resistance; 7.9, oscillation center point; 8.1, triode is terminated; 8.2, end trigger resistance; 8.3, end trigger diode; 8.5, clamp diode one; 8.8, clamp diode two; 9.1, discharge resistance; 9.2, NPN discharge tube; 9.3, switch is excised; 9.5, discharge base resistance; 10.1, by rechargable battery; 10.2, by rechargable battery contact protection resistance; 10.3, indicator light is contacted by rechargable battery.

The dummy load figure that Fig. 3 uses when being and detecting.

In figure: 3.9, the output of P type charhing unit; 10.2, by rechargable battery contact protection resistance; 10.3, indicator light is contacted by rechargable battery; 20.1, inclined adjustable resistance in dummy load; 20.2, inclined protective resistance in dummy load; 20.3, inclined resistance under dummy load; 20.5, dummy load triode; 20.6, dummy load transistor collector resistance.

Embodiment

Fig. 1, Fig. 2, example have gone out a kind of concrete enforcement example of making, the detection figure during Fig. 3 example goes out to implement.

One, element is selected: counter adopts collector resistance CD4060.NPN discharge tube adopts 8050, PNP charging valve to use 8550, and diode adopts face bonded type diode, and discharge resistance adopts powerful style number, and other resistor-capacitor unit is without particular/special requirement.

Two, making sheet, welding: make circuit control panel by Fig. 2, the schematic diagram of map interlinking 2 welds.

Charging display unit shows protective resistance (2.1 in Fig. 2) and charging process luminous tube (2.2 in Fig. 2) by charging process and is in series, between the collector electrode being connected on interface triode (5.1 in Fig. 2) in signal input and interface unit.

P type charhing unit is made up of PNP charging valve (3.11 in Fig. 2), biasing resistance (3.12 in Fig. 2), trickle resistance (3.8 in Fig. 2): the emitter of PNP charging valve connects signal input, biasing resistance is connected between the collector electrode of interface triode in interface unit and the base stage of PNP charging valve, namely the collector electrode of PNP charging valve is the output of P type charhing unit, and trickle resistance is connected between signal input and the output of P type charhing unit.

N-type discharge cell is made up of discharge resistance (9.1 in Fig. 2), NPN discharge tube (9.2 in Fig. 2), excision switch (9.3 in Fig. 2), electric discharge base resistance (9.5 in Fig. 2): a terminate ground wire of excision switch, the base stage of another termination NPN discharge tube of excision switch, one termination of discharge resistance is by the positive pole of rechargable battery, the collector electrode of a termination NPN discharge tube in discharge resistance, the grounded emitter line of NPN discharge tube, one termination signal of electric discharge base resistance exports, the base stage of another termination NPN discharge tube of electric discharge base resistance.

Interface unit is made up of interface triode (5.1 in Fig. 2), interface triode trigger resistance (5.3 in Fig. 2), isolating diode (5.2 in Fig. 2): the grounded emitter line of interface triode, interface triode trigger resistance is connected between the output of 555 integrated circuits in integrated form pulse unit and the base stage of interface triode, and isolating diode is connected between the base stage of NPN discharge tube and the collector electrode of interface triode.

Integrated form pulse unit is made up of 555 integrated circuits (6.1 in Fig. 2), pulse current charge branch road, pulsed discharge branch road, integrating capacitor (6.6 in Fig. 2).

Pulse current charge props up route charging adjustable resistance (6.2 in Fig. 2) and is in series with charge protection resistance (6.3 in Fig. 2); Pulsed discharge is propped up route electric discharge adjustable resistance (6.5 in Fig. 2) and is in series with discharge prevention resistance (6.4 in Fig. 2).

The high threshold end of 555 integrated circuits connects with low valve end, pulse current charge branch road is connected between the power end of 555 integrated circuits and the discharge end of 555 integrated circuits, pulsed discharge branch road is connected between the discharge end of 555 integrated circuits and high threshold end, the indirect integrating capacitor of high threshold end and ground wire.

Counting unit by counter (7.1 in Fig. 2) with the peripheral oscillating circuit of timing, reset resistance and form.

The peripheral oscillating circuit of timing is made up of oscillating capacitance (7.5 in Fig. 2), protective resistance (7.2 in Fig. 2), oscillation resistance.

In three vibration ends of counter, the first vibration termination oscillating capacitance is to oscillation center point, and the second vibration termination oscillation resistance is to oscillation center point, and the 3rd vibrates termination protective resistance to oscillation center point, the power supply termination signal input of counter.

Clear circuit by resetting electric capacity (7.6 in Fig. 2), reset resistance (7.7 in Fig. 2), earth resistance (7.8 in Fig. 2) form: the power end of a termination counter of clearing electric capacity, the other end resetting electric capacity is two-way, one tunnel connects earth resistance to ground wire, and another road connects and resets the clear terminal of resistance to counter.

End unit is by terminating triode (8.1 in Fig. 2), end trigger resistance (8.2 in Fig. 2), end trigger diode (8.3 in Fig. 2), clamp diode one (8.5 in Fig. 2), clamp diode two (8.8 in Fig. 2) forms: the base stage terminating triode connects the ultimate output of counter, terminate the grounded emitter line of triode, terminate current collection very two tunnels of triode, one tunnel connects electric discharge base stage control point, another road connects the negative pole of clamp diode one, the positive pole of clamp diode one connects oscillation center point, clamp diode two is connected between the base stage of NPN discharge tube and the collector electrode terminating triode, end trigger diode and end trigger resistance are serially connected between the ultimate output of counter and the high threshold end of 555 integrated circuits.

Load shows branch road form by being contacted with by rechargable battery by rechargable battery: be connected between the output of charhing unit and ground wire by rechargable battery.

Contacted indicator light (in Fig. 2 10.3) by rechargable battery contact protection resistance (10.2 in Fig. 2) with by rechargable battery by a rechargable battery contact display route to form, contacted display lamp by rechargable battery contact protection resistance with by rechargable battery and be connected on by between the positive pole of rechargable battery and ground wire.

Three, energising checks and debugging.

1, to inspection and the debugging of the energising of integrated form pulse unit.

To the inspection of frequency and the large tune of duty ratio and ditty.

The output of integrated form pulse unit is connected, cold junction ground connection with oscillographic hot junction.

After being powered up; the vibration figure display that oscilloscope has; and this instruction is in one-period; high bit time is few; low bit time is long, then uses " ditty " i.e. charge protection resistance (6.3 in Fig. 2) frequency and this duty ratio to be transferred to most benefit with " adjust greatly " adjustable resistance that namely charges (6.2 in Fig. 2).

2, the logical check of docking port triode.

A, to connect connect 555 integrated circuit high threshold ends with power supply, now this pipe collector should be high-order, estimates the collector electrode of PNP charging valve without electricity, otherwise be that line is wrong with voltmeter.Charging process luminous tube (2.2 in Fig. 2) now should not work.

B, to connect with power supply and connect 555 integrated circuit high threshold ends, NPN discharge tube (9.2 in Fig. 2) is low level, and should be in saturation condition (between collector electrode and emitter, voltage is about 0.2 volt), if incorrect, when line is error-free, should be that NPN discharge tube damages.

C, to connect connect the low valve end of 555 integrated circuit with power supply, now interface triode (5.1 in Fig. 2) collector electrode should be low level, and correct situation has electricity with the collector electrode that PNP charging valve (3.11 in Fig. 2) measured by voltmeter, and should be saturated.If incorrect, may be that biasing resistance (3.12 in Fig. 2) resistance is excessive, charging process luminous tube light now.

D, property-line connect the low valve end of 555 integrated circuit, and now mouthpiece collector electrode should be low level, measure the current collection very high-end trim of NPN discharge tube with voltmeter.Base stage no-voltage over the ground simultaneously.

3, to the energising inspection of P type charhing unit and N-type discharge cell.

Weld one as shown in Figure 3 to replace by the dummy load of rechargable battery; the type of attachment of dummy load is: in dummy load, inclined adjustable resistance (20.1 in Fig. 3) forms the adjustable partially upper of dummy load with inclined protective resistance (20.2 in Fig. 3) in dummy load; connect the base stage of dummy load triode (20.5 in Fig. 3); the base stage of dummy load triode to connect under dummy load resistance (20.3 in Fig. 3) partially over the ground, and dummy load transistor collector resistance (20.6 in Fig. 3) connects between the output of PNP charging circuit and the collector electrode of dummy load triode.

Dummy load is adjusted to the form of underfill electricity.

Be serially connected between the collector electrode of PNP charging valve and the output of P type charhing unit with first ammeter, second ammeter is connected between the collector electrode of discharge resistance and NPN discharge tube.

The base stage of property-line connection interface triode, now the current collection of interface triode is very high-order, observes two ammeters, and now first ammeter is the electric current display of zero, second ammeter.

Connect the base stage of a resistance to interface triode, the now current collection of interface triode very low level with signal input, now first ammeter has electric current to indicate, and second ammeter is zero.

Correct above, then P type charhing unit is working properly with N-type discharge cell, as incorrect, by being connect wrong or PNP charging valve, the damage of NPN discharge tube.

Closed electric discharge excision switch (9.3 in Fig. 2).

Now no matter analog charge instrumentation tubes is in is opened or open circuit conditions, and the collector electrode of NPN discharge tube should be height.

4, to the inspection of the peripheral oscillating circuit of timing.

The inspection of the operating state of A, charging process.

One end of oscillating capacitance (7.5 in Fig. 2) is connected, cold junction ground connection with oscillographic hot junction.

This circuit is peripheral simple, after having the connection adopting electrodeless electric capacity, can not leak electricity in addition, and after being powered up, oscilloscope there will be the display of vibration figure immediately.

If incorrect, it is wrong to be only that element is welded to connect.

B, frequency-adjustable inspection

The resistance of adjustment vibration adjustable resistance (7.3 in Fig. 2) and vibration limiting resistance (7.4 in Fig. 2), the scope of regulating frequency is made to meet the requirement of design, period of oscillation can be calculated by the frequency of vibration, can according to period of oscillation, and the frequency division output terminal of counter, calculate the scheduled time of timing.

5, inspection counting unit and end unit are energized and debugging.

By the fast debugging method be energized to counter (7.1 in Fig. 2).Namely this method is newly increase the very little resistance of a resistance at oscillation resistance two ends, this hour counter frequency of oscillation is accelerated, ultimate output has high-order output very soon, pass to end unit, now charging process luminous tube (2.2 in Fig. 2) is put out by bright change, connects oscillation center point with oscilloscope hot junction, is now failure of oscillation state, namely be or be high-order, be namely or be low level.Now interface triode (5.1 in Fig. 2) current collection is very high-order, but after terminating triode (8.1 in Fig. 2) clamper, the output no-voltage of P type charhing unit.

Illustrate 1, by the fast debugging method be energized to counter, after also going up the little resistance of new resistance, the quickening that frequency is extremely acute, cycle pole drastic change is short, and this causes the very fast resultful reason of the ultimate output of counter.Illustrate 2, charge and terminate rear failure of oscillation, mean, output no longer changes, and maintenance this kind of state is started to the charging of new second time.

6, check by rechargable battery contact display branch road.

When installation is by rechargable battery, and when switching on power, contacted indicator light (10.3 in Fig. 2) Ying Liang by rechargable battery, if incorrect, may be anti-by the weldering of rechargable battery contact indicator light polarity, or excessive by rechargable battery contact protection resistance (10.2 in Fig. 2) resistance.

7, to the detection of trickle current.

Be connected on by ammeter on trickle resistance (3.8 of Fig. 2) branch road, debugging tiny stream resistance, makes tiny stream electric current meet the requirements.Its rule is that more small area analysis is larger for resistance.Otherwise resistance more big current is less.

Claims (3)

1. the charger that coexists of integrated form charge and discharge, it is characterized in that: by charging display unit, P type charhing unit, interface unit, integrated form pulse unit, counting unit, end unit, N-type discharge cell, load forms jointly;

Wherein: charging display unit shows protective resistance and charging process luminous tube by charging process and is in series, be connected on signal input and in interface unit interface triode collector electrode between;

P type charhing unit is made up of PNP charging valve, biasing resistance, trickle resistance: the emitter of PNP charging valve connects signal input, biasing resistance is connected between the collector electrode of interface triode in interface unit and the base stage of PNP charging valve, namely the collector electrode of PNP charging valve is the output of P type charhing unit, and trickle resistance is connected between signal input and the output of P type charhing unit;

N-type discharge cell is made up of discharge resistance, NPN discharge tube, excision switch, electric discharge base resistance: a terminate ground wire of excision switch, the base stage of another termination NPN discharge tube of excision switch, one termination of discharge resistance is by the positive pole of rechargable battery, the collector electrode of a termination NPN discharge tube in discharge resistance, the grounded emitter line of NPN discharge tube, one termination signal of electric discharge base resistance exports, the base stage of another termination NPN discharge tube of electric discharge base resistance;

Interface unit is made up of interface triode, interface triode trigger resistance, isolating diode: the grounded emitter line of interface triode, interface triode trigger resistance is connected between the output of 555 integrated circuits in integrated form pulse unit and the base stage of interface triode, and isolating diode is connected between the base stage of NPN discharge tube and the collector electrode of interface triode;

Integrated form pulse unit is made up of 555 integrated circuits, pulse current charge branch road, pulsed discharge branch road, integrating capacitor;

Pulse current charge props up route charging adjustable resistance and charge protection resistant series forms; Route electric discharge adjustable resistance is propped up in pulsed discharge and discharge prevention resistant series forms;

The high threshold end of 555 integrated circuits connects with low valve end, pulse current charge branch road is connected between the power end of 555 integrated circuits and the discharge end of 555 integrated circuits, pulsed discharge branch road is connected between the discharge end of 555 integrated circuits and high threshold end, the indirect integrating capacitor of high threshold end and ground wire;

Counting unit by counter with the peripheral oscillating circuit of timing, reset resistance and form;

The peripheral oscillating circuit of timing is made up of oscillating capacitance, protective resistance, oscillation resistance;

In three vibration ends of counter, the first vibration termination oscillating capacitance is to oscillation center point, and the second vibration termination oscillation resistance is to oscillation center point, and the 3rd vibrates termination protective resistance to oscillation center point, the power supply termination signal input of counter;

Clear circuit by resetting electric capacity, reset resistance, earth resistance and form: the power end resetting a termination counter of electric capacity, the other end resetting electric capacity is two-way, and a road connects earth resistance to ground wire, and another road connects the clear terminal of clearing resistance to counter;

End unit is by terminating triode, end trigger resistance, end trigger diode, clamp diode one clamp diode two forms: the base stage terminating triode connects the ultimate output of counter, terminate the grounded emitter line of triode, terminate current collection very two tunnels of triode, one tunnel connects electric discharge base stage control point, another road connects the negative pole of clamp diode one, the positive pole of clamp diode one connects oscillation center point, clamp diode two is connected between the base stage of NPN discharge tube and the collector electrode terminating triode, end trigger diode and end trigger resistance are serially connected between the ultimate output of counter and the high threshold end of 555 integrated circuits,

Load shows branch road form by being contacted with by rechargable battery by rechargable battery: be connected between the output of charhing unit and ground wire by rechargable battery;

By rechargable battery contact display route by rechargable battery contact protection resistance with contacted display lamp by rechargable battery and form, contacted display lamp by rechargable battery contact protection resistance with by rechargable battery and be connected on by between the positive pole of rechargable battery and ground wire.

2. the charger that coexists of integrated form charge and discharge according to claim 1, is characterized in that: oscillation resistance is in series by the adjustable resistance that vibrates, vibration limiting resistance.

3. the charger that coexists of integrated form charge and discharge according to claim 1, is characterized in that: counter adopts collector resistance CD4060.